A double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device and experimental method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of pressure detection of double-layer cryogenic tanks, and specifically relates to a double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device and an experimental method thereof, which includes a frame and an outer tank wall, an insulation layer, an elastic felt and an inner tank wall sequentially installed inside the frame, a retractable thermal insulation cloth is installed between the insulation layer and the elastic felt, and a contraction and expansion adjustment component is installed on the frame. The present invention simulates the expansion and contraction process of a double-layer cryogenic tank through a contraction and expansion adjustment component. When simulating the expansion of a double-layer cryogenic tank, the thermal insulation cloth is unrolled and moved toward the thermal insulation layer. The thermal insulation cloth holds and compacts the thermal insulation layer, so that the thermal insulation layer is in a tight state to avoid deposition of the thermal insulation layer; when simulating the contraction of a double-layer cryogenic tank, the thermal insulation cloth is rolled up and moved toward the inner tank wall. The tightening of the thermal insulation cloth can prevent the filled perlite from directly squeezing the inner tank wall, causing the lateral pressure value measured by the pressure sensor to shift.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of double-layer cryogenic tank pressure detection, and in particular relates to a double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device and an experimental method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The double-layer cryogenic tank is mainly composed of an inner tank, an outer tank and an insulation layer in the middle. The main function of the inner tank is to store cryogenic liquid, and its design must be able to withstand the pressure changes caused by liquid expansion; the outer tank provides an additional protective layer for the inner tank and also serves as a support for the entire tank structure; the main function of the insulation layer is to maintain the low temperature environment inside the inner tank, and the insulation layer is mainly composed of perlite.

[0003] In the process of producing double-layer cryogenic tanks, it is necessary to simulate the pressure of the inner tank by simulating the life cycle operation status of the double-layer cryogenic tank. Such as the filling process of perlite, the filling and discharging process of the double-layer cryogenic tank, and observe and measure the impact of the filling process of perlite and the filling and discharging process of the double-layer cryogenic tank on the pressure of the inner wall of the double-layer cryogenic tank. For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN117782394A. This solution has the following problems. In the process of simulating the filling and discharging of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the perlite filler of the insulation layer will cause sedimentation. In order to ensure the cold preservation effect of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the perlite needs to be filled in time according to the perlite deposition situation. The filling of perlite will cause the pressure of the inner wall of the double-layer cryogenic tank to change, which seriously affects the measurement of the pressure sensor and increases the measurement error of the pressure sensor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device and an experimental method thereof in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical scheme: a double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device, which comprises a frame and an outer tank wall, a thermal insulation layer, an elastic felt and an inner tank wall which are sequentially installed inside the frame, the frame being fixedly installed on a base plate, a pressure sensor being installed at one end of the inner tank wall close to the elastic felt, a retractable thermal insulation cloth being installed between the thermal insulation layer and the elastic felt, a shrinkage and expansion adjustment component being installed on the frame, and the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component being cooperatively connected with the inner tank wall.

[0006] As a further optimization or improvement of the present solution, a driving assembly is installed on the frame, and the driving assembly includes a transmission box. The output end of the driving assembly is connected to the transmission box, and the transmission box drives the winding assembly to wind and the shrinkage and expansion adjustment assembly to adjust through the rack transmission assembly and the belt transmission structure.

[0007] As a further optimization or improvement of the present solution, the belt transmission structure includes several gear ones, and the several gear ones are vertically installed on the frame. The several gear ones are respectively connected to a corresponding number of grooved rollers, and the grooved rollers are connected by a longitudinal belt. The contraction and expansion adjustment assembly includes a bolt and a gear two. Gear one drives gear two to rotate through a transverse belt, and gear two is coaxially connected to the bolt. A threaded fixing plate is installed on the frame, and the bolt and the threaded fixing plate cooperate in transmission.

[0008] As a further optimization or improvement of the present solution, the rack transmission assembly includes a transmission frame, a movable rack is installed at the bottom of the transmission frame, the movable rack is connected to the transmission box, and a fixed rack is installed on the top of the transmission frame. The winding assembly includes a winding roller and transmission teeth. The winding roller is provided with transmission teeth, and the transmission teeth are respectively cooperated with the fixed rack and the movable rack for transmission. The winding roller is installed with a thermal insulation cloth.

[0009] As a further optimization or improvement of the present solution, a mounting plate is installed on one end of the inner tank wall close to the elastic felt, and a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged on the mounting plate, and the pressure sensors are in contact with the inner tank wall.

[0010] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, the frame includes side windows and reinforcement strips, the side windows are installed on the side walls of the frame, the reinforcement strips are installed on the side windows, and reinforcement ribs are installed at the connection between the outer tank wall and the base plate.

[0011] A double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation test method, the method is applied to the double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation test device as described above, the method comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step S1: Install the inner tank wall to be tested in the frame, and then cut the elastic felt required for the experiment to a suitable size and place it between the inner tank wall and the insulation cloth;

[0013] Step S2: Turn on the pressure sensor, fill the perlite between the insulation cloth and the outer tank wall, and record the data changes of the pressure sensor during the experiment;

[0014] Step S3: When the perlite is filled, the driving component is started. The driving component can drive the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component to adjust the shrinkage state of the inner tank wall through the belt transmission structure. At the same time, the driving component can also adjust the winding of the insulation cloth through the rack transmission component, thereby simulating the working condition of the pre-cooling shrinkage of the double-layer low-temperature tank, observing the perlite deposition, and recording the pressure change;

[0015] Step S4: Repeat step S3 for multiple times and record the working pressure on the inner tank wall of the double-layer cryogenic tank during operation, and record the experimental data.

[0016] As a further optimization or improvement of this solution, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0017] Step S31: When the driving component rotates forward to drive the contraction and expansion adjustment component to simulate the expansion of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving component drives the contraction and expansion adjustment component to move toward the inner tank wall through the belt transmission structure, so that the inner tank wall squeezes the elastic felt, and at this time the pressure sensor measures the pressure of the inner tank wall;

[0018] Step S32: The driving assembly drives the winding roller to rotate and move toward the insulation layer through the rack transmission assembly. At this time, the insulation cloth on the winding roller is unwound and moves toward the insulation layer. The insulation cloth holds the insulation layer and compacts it, so that the insulation layer is in a compact state.

[0019] Step S33: When the driving component reverses to drive the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component to simulate the shrinkage of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving component drives the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component to move in the opposite direction toward the inner tank wall through the belt transmission structure, so that the inner tank wall is separated from the squeeze of the elastic felt. At this time, the space of the thermal insulation layer increases, and the perlite settles. In order to ensure the cold preservation effect of the cryogenic tank, the perlite needs to be filled in time according to the perlite deposition situation;

[0020] Step S34: The driving assembly drives the winding roller to rotate and move toward the inner tank wall through the rack transmission assembly. At this time, the insulation cloth on the winding roller is wound and moves toward the inner tank wall.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] (1) When simulating the expansion of a double-layer cryogenic tank, the present invention drives the transmission box to drive by forward rotation of the driving assembly. At this time, the transmission box drives the contraction and expansion adjustment assembly to move toward the inner tank wall through the belt transmission structure, so that the inner tank wall squeezes the elastic felt. At this time, the pressure sensor measures the pressure of the inner tank wall. At the same time, the transmission box drives the winding roller to rotate and move toward the insulation layer through the rack transmission assembly. At this time, the insulation cloth on the winding roller is unwound and moves toward the insulation layer. The insulation cloth holds the insulation layer and compacts it, so that the insulation layer is in a tight state, avoiding the deposition of the insulation layer, ensuring the accuracy of the pressure of the insulation layer on the inner tank wall, and enabling the pressure sensor to accurately measure the pressure of the insulation layer on the inner tank wall. Avoid the phenomenon that the insulation layer is loose, causing the pressure of the insulation layer on the inner tank wall to disperse, resulting in a large pressure deviation measured by the pressure sensor.

[0023] (2) When simulating the contraction of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the present invention reverses the driving assembly to drive the transmission box. At this time, the transmission box drives the contraction and expansion adjustment assembly to move in the opposite direction toward the inner tank wall through the belt transmission structure, so that the inner tank wall is freed from the extrusion of the elastic felt. At this time, the space of the thermal insulation layer increases, and the perlite settles. In order to ensure the cold preservation effect of the cryogenic tank, it is necessary to fill the perlite in time according to the perlite deposition situation. At the same time, the transmission box drives the winding roller to rotate and move toward the inner tank wall through the rack transmission assembly. At this time, the insulation cloth on the winding roller is rolled up and moved toward the inner tank wall. In this process, the tightening of the insulation cloth can prevent the filled perlite from directly extruding the inner tank wall, causing the lateral pressure value measured by the pressure sensor to shift. At the same time, as the insulation cloth moves toward the inner tank wall, the insulation cloth gradually transfers the pressure of the perlite on the inner tank wall to the inner tank wall. In this process, the tightening of the insulation cloth can prevent the filled perlite from extruding the inner tank wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission relationship between the driving component and the contraction and expansion adjustment component and the winding component.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission relationship between the rack transmission assembly and the winding assembly.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view of the internal structure of the frame.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a side view of the internal structure of the frame.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure inside the frame.

[0032] The following are marked in the figure: 1. Base plate; 2. Outer tank wall; 3. Frame; 31. Reinforcement strip; 32. Side window; 4. Insulation layer; 5. Elastic felt; 6. Inner tank wall; 7. Reinforcement rib; 8. Winding assembly; 81. Winding roller; 82. Transmission gear; 83. Insulation cloth; 9. Rack transmission assembly; 91. Transmission frame; 92. Fixed rack; 93. Moving rack; 10. Drive assembly; 101. Transmission box; 11. Contraction and expansion adjustment assembly; 111. Threaded fixing plate; 112. Bolt; 113. Gear two; 12. Belt transmission structure; 121. Gear one; 122. Grooved roller; 123. Longitudinal belt; 124. Transverse belt; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 A double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device comprises a frame 3 and an outer tank wall 2, an insulation layer 4, an elastic felt 5 and an inner tank wall 6 which are sequentially installed inside the frame 3. The frame 3 is fixedly installed on a substrate 1. A pressure sensor 14 is installed at one end of the inner tank wall 6 close to the elastic felt 5. A retractable thermal insulation cloth 83 is installed between the insulation layer 4 and the elastic felt 5. A shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 is installed on the frame 3, and the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 is connected with the inner tank wall 6.

[0035] It should be noted that the function of the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 is to simulate the shrinkage and expansion phenomenon during the operation cycle of the double-layer cryogenic tank. When simulating the expansion of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the drive component 10 rotates forward, so that the drive component 10 drives the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 to move toward the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12; when simulating the shrinkage of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the drive component 10 rotates reversely, so that the drive component 10 drives the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 to move in the opposite direction toward the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12.

[0036] It should be noted that the steps of the double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experiment are as follows: first, the inner tank wall 6 to be tested is installed in the frame 3, and then the elastic felt 5 required for the experiment is cut to an appropriate size and placed between the inner tank wall 6 and the thermal insulation cloth 83; then the pressure sensor 14 is turned on, and the perlite is filled between the thermal insulation cloth 83 and the outer tank wall 2, and the data changes of the pressure sensor 14 during the experiment are recorded; when the perlite is filled, the drive component 10 is started, and the drive component 10 can drive the contraction and expansion adjustment component 11 to adjust the contraction state of the inner tank wall 6 through the belt drive structure 12. At the same time, the drive component 10 can also adjust the winding of the thermal insulation cloth 83 through the rack drive component 9, thereby simulating the working condition of the pre-cooling contraction of the double-layer cryogenic tank, observing the perlite deposition, and recording the pressure changes; repeat the above steps multiple times and record the working pressure of the inner tank wall 6 of the double-layer cryogenic tank during operation, and record the experimental data.

[0037] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3A driving assembly 10 is installed on the frame 3, and the driving assembly 10 includes a transmission box 101. The output end of the driving assembly 10 is connected to the transmission box 101. The transmission box 101 drives the winding assembly 8 to wind and the shrinkage and expansion adjustment assembly 11 to adjust through the rack transmission assembly 9 and the belt transmission structure 12 respectively.

[0038] Specifically, the belt transmission structure 12 includes a plurality of gears 121, and the plurality of gears 121 are vertically mounted on the frame 3. The plurality of gears 121 are respectively connected to a corresponding number of grooved rollers 122, and the grooved rollers 122 are connected via a longitudinal belt 123. The contraction and expansion adjustment component 11 includes a bolt 112 and a gear 113. The gear 121 drives the gear 113 to rotate via a transverse belt 124. The gear 113 is coaxially connected to the bolt 112. A threaded fixing plate 111 is mounted on the frame 3, and the bolt 112 is matched with the threaded fixing plate 111 for transmission.

[0039] It should be noted that when the driving assembly 10 is started, the driving assembly 10 drives the transmission box 101 to operate, the transmission box 101 drives the gear 1 121 and the longitudinal belt 123 to rotate, the gear 1 121 drives the gear 2 113 to rotate through the transverse belt 124, so that the gear 2 113 drives the bolt 112 to move, and then the movement of the bolt 112 realizes the simulation of the contraction and expansion process of the low-temperature tank.

[0040] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The rack transmission assembly 9 includes a transmission frame 91, a movable rack 93 is installed at the bottom of the transmission frame 91, the movable rack 93 is connected to the transmission box 101 for transmission, and a fixed rack 92 is installed on the top of the transmission frame 91. The winding assembly 8 includes a winding roller 81 and a transmission tooth 82. The winding roller 81 is provided with a transmission tooth 82, and the transmission tooth 82 is respectively matched with the fixed rack 92 and the movable rack 93 for transmission. The winding roller 81 is installed with a thermal insulation cloth 83.

[0041] It should be noted that when simulating the expansion of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving assembly 10 rotates forward to drive the transmission box 101. At this time, the transmission box 101 drives the contraction and expansion adjustment assembly 11 to move toward the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12, so that the inner tank wall 6 squeezes the elastic felt 5. At this time, the pressure sensor 14 measures the pressure of the inner tank wall 6. At the same time, the transmission box 101 drives the winding roller 81 to rotate and move toward the insulation layer 4 through the rack transmission assembly 9. At this time, the insulation cloth 83 on the winding roller 81 is unwound and moves toward the insulation layer 4. The insulation cloth 83 holds and compacts the insulation layer 4, so that the insulation layer 4 is in a tight state, avoiding the deposition of the insulation layer 4, ensuring that the pressure of the insulation layer 4 on the inner tank wall 6 is accurate, so that the pressure sensor 14 can accurately measure the pressure of the insulation layer 4 on the inner tank wall 6. Avoid the phenomenon that the insulation layer 4 is loose, causing the pressure of the insulation layer 4 on the inner tank wall 6 to be dispersed, resulting in a large pressure deviation measured by the pressure sensor 14.

[0042] When simulating the contraction of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving assembly 10 reverses to drive the transmission box 101. At this time, the transmission box 101 drives the contraction and expansion adjustment assembly 11 to move in the opposite direction toward the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12, so that the inner tank wall 6 is freed from the squeeze of the elastic felt 5. At this time, the space of the thermal insulation layer 4 increases, and the perlite settles. In order to ensure the cold preservation effect of the cryogenic tank, it is necessary to fill the perlite in time according to the perlite deposition situation. At the same time, the transmission box 101 drives the winding roller 81 to rotate and move toward the inner tank wall 6 through the rack transmission assembly 9. At this time, the insulation cloth 83 on the winding roller 81 is rolled up and moves toward the inner tank wall 6. In this process, see Figure 6 Tightening the thermal insulation cloth 83 can prevent the filled perlite from directly squeezing the inner tank wall 6, causing the lateral pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 14 to shift. At the same time, as the thermal insulation cloth 83 moves toward the inner tank wall 6, the thermal insulation cloth 83 gradually transfers the pressure of the perlite on the inner tank wall 6 to the inner tank wall 6. During this process, tightening the thermal insulation cloth 83 can prevent the filled perlite from squeezing the inner tank wall 6.

[0043] See also Figure 7 A mounting plate 13 is installed at one end of the inner tank wall 6 close to the elastic felt 5 , and a plurality of pressure sensors 14 are arranged on the mounting plate 13 . The pressure sensors 14 are in contact with the inner tank wall 6 .

[0044] It should be noted that the mounting plate 13 is fixed to the inner tank wall 6 by screws, so that the plurality of pressure sensors 14 can fit with the inner tank wall 6 .

[0045] See also Figure 2 The frame 3 includes a side window 32 and a reinforcing strip 31. The side window 32 is installed on the side wall of the frame 3, and the reinforcing strip 31 is installed on the side window 32. The reinforcing rib 7 is installed at the connection position between the outer tank wall 2 and the base plate 1.

[0046] It should be noted that the side window 32 is made of organic glass. During the entire simulation experiment, the staff can observe the life cycle of the double-layer cryogenic tank through the side window 32. A reinforcing strip 31 is installed on the side window 32. The reinforcing strip 31 plays a role in strengthening the side wall of the frame 3 and improving the stability of the frame 3. The reinforcing rib 7 can improve the connection stability between the base plate 1 and the outer tank wall 2 and the frame 3 respectively.

[0047] See also Figure 3-Figure 7 As shown, the present invention is a double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation test method, which is applied to the double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation test device as described in the above embodiment, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step S1: Install the inner tank wall 6 to be tested in the frame 3, and then cut the elastic felt 5 required for the experiment to a suitable size and place it between the inner tank wall 6 and the insulation cloth 83;

[0049] Step S2: Turn on the pressure sensor 14, fill the perlite between the insulation cloth 83 and the outer tank wall 2, and record the data changes of the pressure sensor 14 during the experiment;

[0050] Step S3: When the perlite is filled, the driving assembly 10 is started. The driving assembly 10 can drive the shrinkage and expansion adjustment assembly 11 to adjust the shrinkage state of the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12. At the same time, the driving assembly 10 can also adjust the winding of the insulation cloth 83 through the rack transmission assembly 9, thereby simulating the working condition of the pre-cooling shrinkage of the double-layer low-temperature tank, observing the perlite deposition, and recording the pressure change;

[0051] Step S4: Repeat step S3 for multiple times and record the working pressure borne by the inner tank wall 6 of the double-layer cryogenic tank during operation, and record the experimental data.

[0052] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] Step S31: When the driving component 10 rotates forward to drive the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 to simulate the expansion of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving component 10 drives the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 to move toward the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12, so that the inner tank wall 6 squeezes the elastic felt 5, and at this time, the pressure sensor 14 measures the pressure of the inner tank wall 6;

[0054] Step S32: The driving assembly 10 drives the winding roller 81 to rotate and move toward the heat insulation layer 4 through the rack transmission assembly 9. At this time, the heat insulation cloth 83 on the winding roller 81 is unwound and moves toward the heat insulation layer 4. The heat insulation cloth 83 holds and compacts the heat insulation layer 4, so that the heat insulation layer 4 is in a compact state.

[0055] Step S33: When the driving component 10 reverses and drives the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 to simulate the shrinkage of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving component 10 drives the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component 11 to move in the opposite direction toward the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12, so that the inner tank wall 6 is separated from the squeeze of the elastic felt 5. At this time, the space of the thermal insulation layer 4 increases, and the perlite settles. In order to ensure the cold preservation effect of the cryogenic tank, the perlite needs to be filled in time according to the perlite deposition situation;

[0056] Step S34: the driving assembly 10 drives the winding roller 81 to rotate and move toward the inner tank wall 6 through the rack transmission assembly 9. At this time, the insulation cloth 83 on the winding roller 81 is wound and moves toward the inner tank wall 6.

[0057] The implementation principle of the present invention is:

[0058] The present invention starts the driving assembly 10 to drive the transmission box 101 to operate, and the transmission box 101 drives the contraction and expansion adjustment assembly 11 to adjust and the winding assembly 8 to wind through the belt transmission structure 12 and the rack transmission assembly 9. The contraction and expansion adjustment assembly 11 can simulate the expansion and contraction process of the double-layer cryogenic tank.

[0059] When simulating the expansion of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving assembly 10 rotates forward to drive the transmission box 101. At this time, the transmission box 101 drives the contraction and expansion adjustment assembly 11 to move toward the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12, so that the inner tank wall 6 squeezes the elastic felt 5. At this time, the pressure sensor 14 measures the pressure of the inner tank wall 6. At the same time, the transmission box 101 drives the winding roller 81 to rotate and move toward the insulation layer 4 through the rack transmission assembly 9. At this time, the insulation cloth 83 on the winding roller 81 is unwound and moves toward the insulation layer 4. The insulation cloth 83 holds and compacts the insulation layer 4, so that the insulation layer 4 is in a tight state, avoiding the deposition of the insulation layer 4, ensuring the accuracy of the pressure of the insulation layer 4 on the inner tank wall 6, and enabling the pressure sensor 14 to accurately measure the pressure of the insulation layer 4 on the inner tank wall 6. Avoid the phenomenon that the insulation layer 4 is loose, causing the pressure of the insulation layer 4 on the inner tank wall 6 to be dispersed, resulting in a large pressure deviation measured by the pressure sensor 14.

[0060] When simulating the contraction of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving assembly 10 reverses to drive the transmission box 101. At this time, the transmission box 101 drives the contraction and expansion adjustment assembly 11 to move in the opposite direction toward the inner tank wall 6 through the belt transmission structure 12, so that the inner tank wall 6 is freed from the squeeze of the elastic felt 5. At this time, the space of the thermal insulation layer 4 increases, and the perlite settles. In order to ensure the cold preservation effect of the cryogenic tank, it is necessary to fill the perlite in time according to the perlite deposition situation. At the same time, the transmission box 101 drives the winding roller 81 to rotate and move toward the inner tank wall 6 through the rack transmission assembly 9. At this time, the insulation cloth 83 on the winding roller 81 is rolled up and moves toward the inner tank wall 6. In this process, see Figure 6 Tightening the thermal insulation cloth 83 can prevent the filled perlite from directly squeezing the inner tank wall 6, causing the lateral pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 14 to shift. At the same time, as the thermal insulation cloth 83 moves toward the inner tank wall 6, the thermal insulation cloth 83 gradually transfers the pressure of the perlite on the inner tank wall 6 to the inner tank wall 6. During this process, tightening the thermal insulation cloth 83 can prevent the filled perlite from squeezing the inner tank wall 6.

[0061] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (3), an outer tank wall (2), a heat insulating layer (4), an elastic felt (5) and an inner tank wall (6) which are sequentially mounted inside the frame (3); the frame (3) is fixedly mounted on a base plate (1); a pressure sensor (14) is mounted on one end of the inner tank wall (6) close to the elastic felt (5); a retractable heat insulating cloth (83) is mounted between the heat insulating layer (4) and the elastic felt (5); a shrinkage and expansion adjustment component (11) is mounted on the frame (3); and the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component (11) is cooperatively connected to the inner tank wall (6); A driving assembly (10) is mounted on the frame (3), the driving assembly (10) comprising a transmission box (101), the output end of the driving assembly (10) being connected to the transmission box (101), the transmission box (101) driving the winding assembly (8) to wind and the shrinkage and expansion adjustment assembly (11) to adjust respectively through a rack transmission assembly (9) and a belt transmission structure (12); The belt transmission structure (12) comprises a plurality of gears (121) which are vertically mounted on a frame (3); the plurality of gears (121) are respectively connected to a corresponding number of grooved rollers (122); the grooved rollers (122) are connected via longitudinal belts (123); the contraction and expansion adjustment assembly (11) comprises a bolt (112) and a gear (113); the gear (121) drives the gear (113) to rotate via a transverse belt (124); the gear (113) is coaxially connected to the bolt (112); a threaded fixing plate (111) is mounted on the frame (3); the bolt (112) and the threaded fixing plate (111) are in transmission cooperation; The rack transmission assembly (9) comprises a transmission frame (91), a movable rack (93) is installed at the bottom of the transmission frame (91), the movable rack (93) is connected to the transmission box (101), and a fixed rack (92) is installed at the top of the transmission frame (91). The winding assembly (8) comprises a winding roller (81) and a transmission tooth (82), and the winding roller (81) is provided with a transmission tooth (82), and the transmission tooth (82) is respectively matched with the fixed rack (92) and the movable rack (93) in transmission, and a heat-insulating cloth (83) is installed on the winding roller (81).

2. A double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting plate (13) is mounted on one end of the inner tank wall (6) close to the elastic felt (5), and a plurality of pressure sensors (14) are arranged on the mounting plate (13). The pressure sensors (14) are in contact with the inner tank wall (6).

3. A double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (3) comprises a side window (32) and a reinforcing strip (31); the side window (32) is mounted on the side wall of the frame (3); the reinforcing strip (31) is mounted on the side window (32); and a reinforcing rib (7) is mounted at a connection portion between the outer tank wall (2) and the base plate (1).

4. A double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation test method, characterized in that: The method is applied to the double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation experimental device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 above, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S1: The inner tank wall (6) to be tested is installed in the frame (3), and then the elastic felt (5) required for the experiment is cut to a suitable size and placed between the inner tank wall (6) and the insulation cloth (83); Step S2: turning on the pressure sensor (14), filling perlite between the insulation cloth (83) and the outer tank wall (2), and recording the data changes of the pressure sensor (14) during the experiment; Step S3: When the perlite filling is completed, the driving component (10) is started. The driving component (10) can drive the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component (11) to adjust the shrinkage state of the inner tank wall (6) through the belt transmission structure (12). At the same time, the driving component (10) can also adjust the winding of the insulation cloth (83) through the rack transmission component (9), thereby simulating the working condition of the pre-cooling shrinkage of the double-layer low-temperature tank, observing the perlite deposition, and recording the pressure change. Step S4: Repeat step S3 multiple times and record the working pressure borne by the inner tank wall (6) of the double-layer cryogenic tank during operation, and record the experimental data.

5. A double-layer cryogenic tank pressure simulation test method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S3 specifically comprises the following steps: Step S31: When the driving component (10) rotates forward to drive the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component (11) to simulate the expansion of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving component (10) drives the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component (11) to move toward the inner tank wall (6) through the belt transmission structure (12), so that the inner tank wall (6) squeezes the elastic felt (5), and at this time, the pressure sensor (14) measures the pressure of the inner tank wall (6); Step S32: the driving component (10) drives the winding roller (81) to rotate and move toward the thermal insulation layer (4) through the rack transmission component (9); at this time, the thermal insulation cloth (83) on the winding roller (81) is unwound and moves toward the thermal insulation layer (4); the thermal insulation cloth (83) holds and compacts the thermal insulation layer (4), so that the thermal insulation layer (4) is in a compact state; Step S33: When the driving component (10) reverses to drive the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component (11) to simulate the shrinkage of the double-layer cryogenic tank, the driving component (10) drives the shrinkage and expansion adjustment component (11) to move in the opposite direction toward the inner tank wall (6) through the belt transmission structure (12), so that the inner tank wall (6) is separated from the squeezing of the elastic felt (5). At this time, the space of the thermal insulation layer (4) increases, and the perlite settles. In order to ensure the cold preservation effect of the cryogenic tank, the perlite needs to be filled in time according to the perlite deposition situation; Step S34: The driving assembly (10) drives the winding roller (81) to rotate and move toward the inner tank wall (6) through the rack transmission assembly (9), and at this time, the insulation cloth (83) on the winding roller (81) is wound and moves toward the inner tank wall (6).

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