Ground and underground integrated thousand-meter directional drilling rig and drilling method

Abstract

The present invention proposes an integrated above-ground and underground kilometer directional drilling rig and drilling method. Specifically, the device includes a first fixing hole provided on the ground drilling connection plate for connecting the free end of the ground angle adjustment cylinder when working on the ground; a second fixing hole provided on the underground drilling connection plate for connecting the underground angle adjustment cylinder when working underground; a hinged position for fixing the ground guide mechanism when working on the ground is provided at the end of the chassis assembly away from the connection with the mast; the other end of the ground guide mechanism is hinged to the upper section of the mast for working on the ground. On the basis of ensuring the kilometer directional drilling capability of underground coal mines, the present invention sets two sets of construction equipment and solutions above and below the ground. By assembling some detachable parts, on the basis of ensuring the kilometer directional drilling capability of underground coal mines, the inadaptability of underground coal mine drilling rigs in ground construction is solved, and the invention is suitable for drilling holes in various types of underground and above-ground projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and in particular to an above-ground and underground integrated kilometer-long directional drilling rig and a drilling method. Background Art

[0002] Exploration is a general term for technical activities such as geological exploration, resource development, underground mining engineering, engineering geological survey, building foundation reinforcement, and geological disaster control using drilling rigs, drilling tools, and a complete set of process measures. With the continuous expansion of the construction field and the increasing construction demand, drilling technology has also developed from conventional drilling technology to directional drilling technology, using artificial inclination methods to extend the borehole along a predetermined trajectory to achieve the predetermined goal. Drilling methods are divided into ground drilling technology and underground drilling technology according to the construction space. Ground drilling technology is not limited by space. Large vehicle-mounted drilling rigs or derricks can be used as lifting systems to lift and lower drilling tools, lower casing, control drilling pressure, and deliver drills. A mud circulation system is also equipped to flush and discharge slag. Due to space limitations, underground drilling technology mostly uses split small drilling rigs, that is, the pump station, main engine, and operating table are separated to facilitate relocation and transportation in narrow tunnels. With the modernization of tunnel excavation, large-section tunnels can meet the transportation of integral crawler drilling rigs.

[0003] With the advancement of technology, underground mine drilling rigs and ground engineering drilling rigs have made great progress and formed a series of mature equipment. However, with the repeated subdivision of the construction field, the drilling rigs are developing in the direction of diversification, specialization and precision, but it is also inevitable that the drilling rigs are less applicable. How to coordinate the contradiction between the professionalism, precision and adaptability of the drilling rigs is one of the current difficulties in drilling rig design. For example, because underground coal mine drilling rigs and ground engineering drilling rigs belong to different categories, there are differences in design parameters, structures, and construction environments. According to market research, underground coal mine drilling rigs are basically difficult to apply to ground drilling construction (the power head cannot open the hole, and the inclination angle of the fuselage cannot be adjusted to a large negative angle). Among the commonly used ground drilling rigs, water well drilling rigs occupy a large area, have complex control mechanisms, are difficult to miniaturize, and are basically difficult to use cable drill rods, and directional construction is limited; although the vehicle-mounted drilling rig is equipped with a top drive and has a large power, it is expensive and the drilling tools are heavy; the oil drilling rig is large in size, and the vertical drilling depth can reach more than 5000m, but the horizontal drilling length is short.

[0004] In the existing technology, the hole opening angle of the kilometer-long directional drilling rig is -10°~+20°, the negative adjustable angle of the fuselage is small, and the negative large angle construction mainly relies on artificial inclination. Although it is widely used in underground coal mines, it is unable to achieve vertical drilling and has great inadaptability in ground construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig and a drilling method. Specifically, the above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig comprises:

[0006] A mast used to provide support for the drill pipe and drill bit of a drilling rig;

[0007] A power head assembly provided on the mast and used for driving a drill rod and a drill bit to perform drilling operations;

[0008] a chassis assembly disposed below the mast;

[0009] A clamp fixing seat provided on the mast for mounting an angle adjustment cylinder for use above ground or an angle adjustment cylinder for use underground;

[0010] The clamp fixing seat comprises a clamp mounting plate for mounting a drill rod clamping structure, and a connecting plate fixedly connected to the clamp mounting plate;

[0011] A feed cylinder mounting seat for mounting a power head assembly is provided below the connecting plate;

[0012] A connecting plate for downhole drilling is arranged on the side of the feed cylinder mounting seat away from the connecting plate; two connecting plates for ground drilling are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feed cylinder mounting seat;

[0013] The ground drilling connection plate is provided with a first fixing hole for connecting the free end of the ground angle adjustment cylinder when working on the ground;

[0014] The downhole drilling connection plate is provided with a second fixing hole for connecting the downhole angle adjustment cylinder during underground operation;

[0015] The chassis assembly is provided with a hinged position for fixing a ground guide mechanism when working on the ground at an end away from the connection with the mast; the other end of the ground guide mechanism is hinged to the upper section of the mast used for working on the ground; the upper section of the mast is arranged at the upper end of the mast.

[0016] On the basis of the above scheme, the power head assembly includes:

[0017] A feeding mechanism disposed inside the mast;

[0018] A power head support seat provided on the cylinder barrel of the feed oil cylinder of the feed mechanism;

[0019] and a power head arranged on the power head support seat.

[0020] On the basis of the above scheme, the drill rod clamping structure comprises:

[0021] A Trojan clamp for clamping the drill tool when working on the ground is arranged on the top of the clamp fixing seat, and a chuck for clamping the drill tool when working underground is arranged on the top of the clamp fixing seat.

[0022] On the basis of the above scheme, it also includes: a front rotation center set on the chassis assembly for serving as the rotation center of the mast when working on the ground.

[0023] On the basis of the above scheme, the ground guide mechanism cooperates with the front slewing center to control the mast lifting height.

[0024] On the basis of the above scheme, it also includes: a rear slewing center provided on the chassis assembly for serving as a mast rotation center during underground operations.

[0025] On the basis of the above scheme, it also includes: an underground guide mechanism for adjusting the mast elevation angle, which is arranged on the chassis assembly and cooperates with the rear slewing center and the underground angle adjustment cylinder.

[0026] Based on the above solution, it also includes: a steel wire rope arranged on the mast;

[0027] A traveling pulley connected to one end of the wire rope and the upper end of the drill pipe, respectively, for lifting and lowering the drill pipe during the drilling process;

[0028] and a winch connected to the other end of the steel wire rope for controlling the lifting of the traveling block.

[0029] The present application also provides a ground drilling method, which uses the above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig, including the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Drilling design;

[0031] Step 2: The drilling rig is stable, and the size of the site required for the drilling rig is determined to provide conditions and space for ground drilling with a kilometer-long directional drilling rig;

[0032] Step 3: During the drilling rig construction, adjust the angle with the ground, use the ground angle adjustment cylinder, hydraulic horse clamp, ground guide mechanism, hinge the mast with the rear slewing center, and install the upper section of the mast and winch;

[0033] Step 4: Drilling: When additional drill rods are needed, the hydraulic horse clamp clamps the first drill rod, the power head loosens the first drill rod and retreats, the drill rod to be added is tightened with the first drill rod in the borehole, and the power head moves forward to clamp the drill rod to be added;

[0034] Step 5: After drilling is completed, remove the drill rod and drill bit and seal the hole.

[0035] The present application also provides a downhole drilling method, which uses the above-ground and underground integrated kilometer-long directional drilling rig, including the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Drilling design;

[0037] Step 2: The drilling rig is stable and the size of the site required for the drilling rig is determined to provide conditions and space for the kilometer-long directional drilling rig to drill into the well;

[0038] Step 3: During the construction of the drilling rig, the angle with the ground is adjusted. The downhole angle adjustment cylinder, hydraulic chuck and downhole guide mechanism are used to remove the upper section of the mast, the forehead, the traveling block, the ground guide mechanism and the winch. The front slewing center is disconnected from the mast hinge, and the downhole guide mechanism is installed between the front slewing center and the mast. The downhole angle adjustment cylinder is used to control the mast to rotate around the rear slewing center, and the front end is tilted up.

[0039] Step 4: Drilling. When adding a drill rod, the chuck clamps the first drill rod, the power head loosens the first drill rod and retreats, the power head clamps the drill rod to be added, aligns the thread of the drill rod to be added with the first drill rod in the hole, and the power head rotates forward to tighten the drill rod to be added with the first drill rod;

[0040] Step 5: After drilling is completed, remove the drill rod and drill bit and seal the hole.

[0041] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0042] The above-ground and underground integrated thousand-meter directional drilling rig of the present invention is redesigned on the basis of the underground drilling rig in coal mines. It is different from other similar products that are only suitable for narrow lanes or only suitable for near-horizontal directional drilling, etc., and have poor applicability. On the basis of ensuring the underground thousand-meter directional drilling capacity of coal mines, the present invention sets two sets of construction equipment and schemes above ground and underground. By assembling some detachable parts, on the basis of ensuring the underground thousand-meter directional drilling capacity of coal mines, the inadaptability of underground drilling rigs in coal mines in ground construction is solved, and it is suitable for drilling holes in various types of underground and above-ground projects. In addition, the water-to-vertical ratio of the three types of drilling rigs, water well, vehicle-mounted, and petroleum, basically does not exceed 3:1, while the water-to-vertical ratio of the integrated drilling rig of the present invention can reach about 7:1, which has significant advantages. At the same time, it ensures that the drilling rig can adapt to the underground and ground working conditions at the same time, and realizes the infinite adjustment of the hole opening angle within the range of -90°~+20°. The underground drilling rotation center of the present invention is placed in front, and a general-purpose clamp mounting seat is designed for underground and ground, and the jacking cylinder and clamp for underground drilling are connected, and the original drilling scheme is adopted to realize underground drilling; the ground drilling rotation center is placed in the rear, and the ground jacking cylinder and the wooden clamp are connected through the underground and ground dual-purpose clamp mounting seat, and a detachable mast, a lifting winch, a coring winch, etc. are equipped, and the power head transmission route is redesigned, and the original two motors are optimized into one motor. The power head is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder to move sideways to open the hole, and the feed cylinder is redesigned. On the basis of basically ensuring the original propulsion force, the pulling force is increased to 620kN, which greatly improves the drilling efficiency. The switching between the two working states of directional drilling and core exploration can be completed by replacing individual parts of the power head. The drilling rig is applicable to many working conditions and can be used for engineering construction such as directional drilling, core exploration, rescue holes, and life-saving holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an above-ground and underground integrated kilometer-long directional drilling rig in an embodiment of the present invention (showing the ground drilling structure);

[0044] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an above-ground and underground integrated kilometer-long directional drilling rig in an embodiment of the present invention (showing an underground drilling structure);

[0045] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of a power head in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power head in an embodiment of the present invention (side view);

[0047] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of a clamp fixing seat in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a clamp fixing seat in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation state of the clamp fixing seat in the ground drilling structure in an embodiment of the present invention (showing the conversion from the initial horizontal state to the vertical working state);

[0050] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation state of the clamp fixing seat in the downhole drilling structure in the embodiment of the present invention (showing the conversion from the initial working state to the working state). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be pointed out that the embodiments described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not have any limiting effect on the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] The present application provides a specific implementation method of an above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 The above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig comprises:

[0054] A mast 1 for supporting a drill pipe and a drill bit;

[0055] A steel wire rope 2 arranged on the mast 1;

[0056] A traveling pulley 3 connected to one end of the steel wire rope 2 and the upper end of the drill pipe, respectively, and used for lifting and lowering the drill pipe during the drilling process;

[0057] A winch 4 connected to the other end of the steel wire rope 2 is used to control the lifting of the traveling block 3; the single rope tension of the winch 4 is 4222kg, the lifting speed is 1.5m / s, the diameter of the steel wire rope 2 is 15.5mm, the diameter of the drum is 232mm, and the structure has the characteristics of compactness, small size, light weight, and beautiful appearance. In terms of performance, it has the characteristics of good safety, high efficiency, large starting torque, good low-speed stability, low noise, and reliable operation;

[0058] A power head assembly 5 provided on the mast 1 for driving a drill rod and a drill bit to perform drilling operations;

[0059] A clamp fixing seat 6 provided on the mast 1 for mounting the angle adjustment cylinder 9-1 for ground use or the angle adjustment cylinder 9-2 for underground use;

[0060] A chassis assembly 7 disposed below the mast 1;

[0061] like Figure 5-Figure 6 As shown, as a specific embodiment of the clamp fixing seat 6, the clamp fixing seat 6 includes a clamp mounting plate 6-1 for mounting the drill rod clamping structure, and a connecting plate 6-2 fixedly connected to the clamp mounting plate 6-1;

[0062] A feed cylinder mounting seat 6-5 for mounting the power head assembly 5 is provided below the connecting plate 6-2;

[0063] A downhole drilling connection plate 6-4 is provided on the side of the feed cylinder mounting seat 6-5 away from the connection plate 6-2; two ground drilling connection plates 6-3 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the feed cylinder mounting seat 6-5;

[0064] Specifically, the clamp mounting plate 6-1 and the connecting plate 6-2 are connected by four support plates, connecting plates 6-3 for ground drilling are welded at symmetrical positions at both ends below the connecting plate 6-2, a cylinder mounting seat 6-5 is welded at the central position below the connecting plate 6-2, and connecting plates 6-3 for ground drilling are welded at both ends of the cylinder mounting seat 6-5.

[0065] As a specific implementation scheme, the ground drilling connection plate 6-3 is provided with a first fixing hole 6-31 for connecting the free end of the ground angle adjustment cylinder 9-1 when working on the ground;

[0066] The downhole drilling connection plate 6-4 is provided with a second fixing hole 6-41 for connecting the downhole angle adjustment cylinder 9-2 during underground operation;

[0067] The chassis assembly 7 is provided with a hinge position 7-1 for fixing a ground guide mechanism 11-1 when working on the ground at an end away from the connection with the mast 1; the other end of the ground guide mechanism 11-1 is hinged to the upper mast section 1-2 used for working on the ground; the upper mast section 1-2 is arranged at the upper end of the mast 1.

[0068] As a specific implementation scheme, the drill rod clamping structure includes:

[0069] A Trojan clamp 10 - 1 for clamping the drill tool when working on the ground is arranged on the top of the clamp fixing seat 6 , and a chuck 10 - 2 for clamping the drill tool when working underground is arranged on the top of the clamp fixing seat 6 .

[0070] The ground drilling connection plate 6-3 is provided with a first fixing hole 6-31 for connecting the free end of the ground angle adjustment cylinder 9-1;

[0071] The downhole drilling connection plate 6-4 is provided with a second fixing hole 6-41 for connecting the downhole angle adjustment cylinder 9-2 during underground operation;

[0072] When performing ground operations, the second fixing hole 6 - 41 is not connected to other structures.

[0073] The clamp fixing seat 6 can be connected to two fuselage angle adjustment cylinders to increase the angle adjustment range, namely, 0-20° positive angle for downhole use and 9-2 for downhole angle adjustment (see the connection position for details). Figure 8 ) or ground with 0~-90° negative angle ground with angle adjustment cylinder 9-1 (connection position see Figure 7 As shown); the clamp fixing seat 6 can be installed with a drill pipe clamping structure (Trojan clamp 10-1 or chuck 10-2), which is suitable for different working conditions. The hydraulic chuck 10-2 is installed during downhole directional drilling, and the hydraulic Trojan clamp 10-1 is installed during ground drilling.

[0074] A mast upper section 1-2 and a forehead 1-1 are arranged at the upper end of the mast 1, wherein the mast upper section 1-2 is detachable.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , as a specific embodiment of the power head assembly 5, the power head assembly 5 includes a feeding mechanism 5-1 disposed inside the mast 1, a power head support seat 5-2 disposed on the cylinder barrel of the feeding mechanism 5-1, and a power head 5-3 disposed on the power head support seat 5-2. Figure 8 As shown, the feed mechanism 5-1 includes a feed oil cylinder and a feed mechanism connecting seat 5-1-1 arranged on the chassis assembly 7. When the feed mechanism 5-1 is working, the cylinder barrel of the feed oil cylinder is extended and retracted, driving the power head support seat 5-2 and the power head 5-3 on it to move synchronously. The detachable mast 1 is connected to the feed mechanism 5-1. In the ground drilling working state, the mast is installed to improve the working efficiency of the upper and lower drill rods, and multiple drill rods can be lifted at one time; in the underground drilling working state, due to the limitation of the underground space, the mast 1 can be removed from the drilling rig.

[0076] Specifically, as a specific implementation of the feeding mechanism 5-1, a single-bar double-acting cylinder is selected.

[0077] In the prior art, for a 2*125 cylinder diameter double-rod double-acting cylinder, the thrust force is: F1=2PA=2×32π / 4(1252-902)=370kN, and the pull-out force is: F2=2PA=2×32π / 4(1252-902)=370kN, where P is pressure and A is area;

[0078] As a specific implementation of the single-rod double-acting cylinder, a 150 cylinder diameter single-rod double-acting cylinder has a thrust force of: F1=PA=35×π / 4(1502-1002)=350kN, and a pull-out force of: F2=PA=35×π / 4×1502=620kN, wherein P is pressure and A is area.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, as a specific implementation of the power head 5-3, the power head 5-3 includes:

[0080] A motor 5-3-1 for providing power;

[0081] A planetary gear train provided on the power head housing 5-3-10 for performing a first-stage reduction in power output by the motor 5-3-1;

[0082] A double gear 5-3-6 provided on the planetary gear train for performing a second stage of reduction in power output by the motor 5-3-1;

[0083] A large gear 5-3-7 is arranged on the double gear 5-3-6 and meshes with the double gear 5-3-6 for performing a third stage of reduction in power output by the motor 5-3-1;

[0084] And an output shaft 5-3-8 for power output is arranged on the power head housing 5-3-10 and is used for meshing transmission with the large gear 5-3-7. Wherein, the planetary gear train includes an inner ring gear 5-3-4, a planetary gear 5-3-9, a sun gear 5-3-3 and a planetary gear carrier 5-3-5, the inner ring gear 5-3-4 is fixed on the power head housing 5-3-10, and the planetary gear carrier 5-3-5 is provided with a small gear, which meshes with the double gear 5-3-6 for the second stage of reduction.

[0085] like Figure 4 As shown, as a specific embodiment of the power head 5-3, it also includes: a power head housing 5-3-10, an output shaft 5-3-8 arranged on the power head housing 5-3-10, and a large gear 5-3-7 arranged on the output shaft 5-3-8 and meshing with the double gear 5-3-6 for third-stage reduction.

[0086] In order to facilitate the installation of the motor 5-3-1, it also includes: a motor support 5-3-2 for installing the motor 5-3-1, which is arranged on the inner gear ring 5-3-4.

[0087] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to allow the power head 5-3 to move sideways to clear the hole (the hole is the hole of the drilling construction borehole) to facilitate the extraction of the core tube under working conditions such as rope coring, it also includes: a side shift cylinder 5-3-11 arranged below the power head box 5-3-10.

[0088] During installation, the motor 5-3-1 is bolted to the motor support 5-3-2, the motor support 5-3-2 is bolted to the inner ring 5-3-4, the inner ring 5-3-4, the planetary gear 5-3-9, the sun gear 5-3-3 and the planetary gear carrier 5-3-5 together constitute a planetary gear system, the motor output shaft 5-3-8 is meshed with the sun gear 5-3-3, the power output by the motor 5-3-1 is reduced in the first stage through the planetary gear system, the inner ring 5-3-4 is fixed to the power head housing 5-3-10, the planetary gear carrier 5-3-5 is provided with a small gear, the small gear is meshed with the double gear 5-3-6 for the second stage reduction, the double gear 5-3-6 is meshed with the large gear 5-3-7 for the third stage reduction, the output shaft 5-3-8 is provided with an external spline, which is meshed with the internal spline of the large gear 5-3-7 to output power.

[0089] In summary, through the above transmission route, a three-stage reduction is formed, and the two motors in the original design can be optimized into one motor, while ensuring that the maximum output torque of 25000N·m remains unchanged.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] Based on the device in Example 1, the present application provides a specific implementation of a kilometer-long directional drilling rig for ground drilling.

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, as a specific implementation of the ground drilling of the drilling rig, when the drilling rig is drilling on the ground, an anchoring cylinder 8 for providing power to the drill rod is arranged below the Trojan clamp 10-1.

[0093] When performing vertical drilling, the clamp must not only bear the gravity of the entire drill string, but also provide sufficient counter-torque for unscrewing and undocking. The clamp in the prior art does not provide clamping force in negative large-angle and vertical hole drilling. Therefore, it is necessary to reselect the clamp. The original clamp is used for horizontal hole or upward hole drilling, and the hydraulic Trojan clamp 10-1 is used for negative angle drilling. The Trojan clamp 10-1 has the functions of self-locking clamping and automatic compensation. The anchor cylinder 8 extends out to push the cava to clamp the drill pipe, generating friction. Under the action of the drill pipe's own weight, the cava will be further forced to move downward, and the clamping connecting rod will generate a greater squeezing force on the cava. The clamping force increases with the increase of the drill pipe's gravity. It has the characteristics of self-adaptation and produces a self-locking effect, which is beneficial to protecting the drill pipe.

[0094] Based on the above scheme, it also includes: a front slewing center 12 for rotating the mast 1 around it, which is arranged on the chassis assembly 7 through an ear seat. The front slewing center 12 allows the entire mast 1 and the parts on the mast 1 to rotate around it, and works together with the ground guide mechanism 11-1 to control the lifting height of the mast 1.

[0095] Based on the above scheme, it also includes: a ground guide mechanism 11-1 arranged between the mast 1 and the winch 4 and cooperating with the front slewing center 12 for controlling the lifting height of the mast 1. The ground guide mechanism 11-1 is pin-connected to the chassis assembly 7.

[0096] The working principle of ground drilling by drilling rig is as follows:

[0097] Select the front slewing center 12, the ground angle adjustment cylinder 9-1, the hydraulic horse clamp 10-1, and the ground guide mechanism 11-1, the mast 1 is disconnected from the rear slewing center 13, and the mast upper section 1-2 and the forehead 1-1 are installed (the two are always bolted and disassembled synchronously), and the winch 4 is installed. The ground angle adjustment cylinder 9-1 is connected to the pin shaft hole at the upper end of the clamp fixing seat 6. The ground angle adjustment cylinder 9-1 works to control the lifting height of the mast 1; when drilling needs to add a drill rod, the hydraulic horse clamp 10-1 clamps the first drill rod, the power head 5-3 loosens the first drill rod and retreats, the drill rod to be added is tightened with the first drill rod in the hole, and the power head 5-3 moves forward to clamp the drill rod to be added.

[0098] like Figure 7 As shown, as a specific implementation of the clamp fixing seat 6 in the ground working condition, the hydraulic Trojan clamp 10-1 is bolted to the clamp mounting plate 6-1, and two ground angle adjustment cylinders 9-1 are respectively connected to the left and right ground drilling connecting plates 6-3.

[0099] The other structures in this embodiment directly use the corresponding structures in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] Based on the device in Example 2, the present application provides a specific implementation of a ground drilling method.

[0102] Step 1: Drilling design;

[0103] Step 2: The drilling factory implements "three connections and one leveling" (i.e. power, water, ventilation, and hardened and leveled ground), determines the size of the site required for the drilling rig, and provides conditions and space for the ground drilling with a kilometer-long directional drilling rig;

[0104] Step 3: During the drilling rig construction, the angle with the ground is adjusted by using the ground angle adjustment cylinder 9-1, the hydraulic horse clamp 10-1, the ground guide mechanism 11-1, and the mast 1 is hinged with the rear slewing center 13, and the upper mast section 1-2 and the forehead 1-1 are installed, and the winch 4 is installed;

[0105] Step 4: Drilling: When a drill rod needs to be added, the hydraulic horse clamp 10-1 clamps the first drill rod, the power head 5-3 loosens the first drill rod and retreats, the drill rod to be added is tightened with the first drill rod in the borehole, and the power head 5-3 moves forward to clamp the drill rod to be added;

[0106] Step 5: After drilling is completed, remove the drill rod and drill bit and seal the hole.

[0107] Example 4

[0108] Based on the device in Example 1, the present application provides a specific implementation of a kilometer-long directional drilling rig for downhole drilling.

[0109] like Figure 2 As shown, specifically, during downhole drilling, the downhole angle adjustment cylinder 9-2 provided on the clamp fixing seat 6 and the chuck 10-2 provided on the top of the clamp fixing seat 6 for clamping the drilling tool during downhole drilling are selected.

[0110] On the basis of the above solution, it further comprises: a rear slewing center 13 for rotating the mast 1 around the rear slewing center 13 provided on the chassis assembly 7. Specifically, the rear slewing center 13 can be hinged to the top of the mast 1 so that the mast 1 rotates around the rear slewing center 13.

[0111] Based on the above scheme, it also includes: a downhole guide mechanism 11-2 arranged on the chassis assembly 7 and cooperating with the rear slewing center 13 and the downhole angle adjustment cylinder 9-2 for adjusting the elevation angle of the mast 1. The downhole guide mechanism 11-2 is pin-connected to the chassis assembly 7.

[0112] The rear slewing center 13 can be hinged with the top of the mast 1 so that the mast 1 can rotate around it. Together with the downhole guide mechanism 11-2 and the downhole angle adjustment cylinder 9-2, the elevation angle of the mast 1 can be adjusted.

[0113] As a specific implementation, it also includes guide wheels 16, an operating platform 17, a power system 14, and a winch 4 arranged on the chassis assembly 7.

[0114] The downhole drilling plan of the drilling rig is as follows:

[0115] Select the rear slewing center 13, downhole angle adjustment cylinder 9-2, hydraulic chuck 10-2, downhole guide mechanism 11-2, remove the upper section 1-2 of the mast, forehead 1-1, traveling pulley 3, ground guide mechanism 11-1 and winch 4, disconnect the front slewing center 12 from the mast 1, install the downhole guide mechanism 11-2 between the two, and use the downhole angle adjustment cylinder 9-2 to control the mast 1 to rotate around the rear slewing center 13 and raise the front end. When adding a drill rod, the hydraulic chuck 10-2 clamps the drill rod in the first drill rod hole, the power head 5-3 loosens the first drill rod and retreats, the power head 5-3 clamps the drill rod to be added, aligns the threaded thread of the drill rod to be added with the first drill rod in the hole, and the power head 5-3 rotates forward to tighten the drill rod to be added with the first drill rod; when the drill rod needs to be removed, the power head 5-3 retreats, the hydraulic chuck 10-2 clamps the second drill rod, the power head 5-3 reverses to remove the threaded thread of the first drill rod and the second drill rod, the power head 5-3 loosens the first drill rod, the first drill rod is removed, the power head 5-3 moves forward, clamps the second drill rod, and the hydraulic chuck 10-2 is loosened.

[0116] like Figure 8 As shown, as a specific implementation of the clamp fixing seat 6 in the downhole working condition, the four sides of the clamp mounting plate 6-1 are provided with through holes, the chuck 10-2 is bolted to the clamp mounting plate 6-1, and the downhole angle adjustment cylinder 9-2 is pin-connected to the downhole drilling connecting plate 6-4.

[0117] The other structures in this embodiment directly use the corresponding structures in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0118] In summary, the underground and aboveground integrated drilling rig of the present invention is equipped with two sets of working schemes. By replacing individual detachable parts, the drilling rig can realize multi-angle hole opening (-90°~+20°) above and below the ground. The underground drilling rotation center is placed in front, and a universal clamp mounting seat for above and below the ground is designed to connect the jacking cylinder and clamp for downhole drilling, and the original drilling scheme is adopted to realize downhole drilling; the ground drilling rotation center is placed in the rear, and the ground jacking cylinder and Trojan clamp are connected through the underground and above-ground dual-purpose clamp mounting seat, and a detachable mast, lifting winch, coring winch, etc. are equipped. The power head transmission route is redesigned, and the original two motors are optimized into one motor. The power head is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder to move sideways to open the hole, and the feed cylinder is redesigned. On the basis of basically ensuring the original propulsion force, the pulling force is increased to 620kN, which greatly improves the drilling efficiency. In addition, the switching between the two working states of directional drilling and core exploration can be completed by replacing individual parts of the power head.

[0119] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated above-ground and underground kilometer directional drilling rig, characterized in that: include: A mast (1) for supporting a drill rod and a drill bit of a drilling rig; A power head assembly (5) provided on the mast (1) and used for driving a drill rod and a drill bit to perform drilling operations; A chassis assembly (7) disposed below the mast (1); A clamp fixing seat (6) provided on the mast (1) and used for installing an angle adjustment cylinder (9-1) for use above ground or an angle adjustment cylinder (9-2) for use underground; The clamp fixing seat (6) comprises a clamp mounting plate (6-1) for mounting a drill rod clamping structure, and a connecting plate (6-2) fixedly connected to the clamp mounting plate (6-1); A feed cylinder mounting seat (6-5) for mounting a power head assembly (5) is provided below the connecting plate (6-2); A connecting plate (6-4) for downhole drilling is arranged on a side of the feed oil cylinder mounting seat (6-5) away from the connecting plate (6-2); two connecting plates (6-3) for ground drilling are symmetrically arranged on the connecting plate (6-2) on both sides of the feed oil cylinder mounting seat (6-5); The ground drilling connection plate (6-3) is provided with a first fixing hole (6-31) for connecting the free end of the ground angle adjustment cylinder (9-1) when working on the ground; The downhole drilling connection plate (6-4) is provided with a second fixing hole (6-41) for connecting a downhole angle adjustment cylinder (9-2) during underground operations; The chassis assembly (7) is provided with a hinged position (7-1) for fixing a ground guide mechanism (11-1) when working on the ground at an end away from the connection with the mast (1); the other end of the ground guide mechanism (11-1) is hingedly connected to an upper mast section (1-2) for working on the ground; the upper mast section (1-2) is arranged at the upper end of the mast (1); The power head assembly (5) comprises: A feeding mechanism (5-1) arranged inside the mast (1); A power head support seat (5-2) provided on the cylinder barrel of the feed oil cylinder of the feed mechanism (5-1); and a power head (5-3) arranged on the power head support seat (5-2); The drill rod clamping structure comprises: A wooden horse clamp (10-1) for clamping a drill tool when working on the ground is arranged on the top of the clamp fixing seat (6), or a chuck (10-2) for clamping a drill tool when working underground is arranged on the top of the clamp fixing seat (6).

2. The above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A front slewing center (12) is provided on the chassis assembly (7) and is used as a rotation center of the mast (1) when operating on the ground.

3. The above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ground guide mechanism (11-1) cooperates with the front slewing center (12) to control the lifting height of the mast (1).

4. The above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A rear slewing center (13) is provided on the chassis assembly (7) and is used as a rotation center of the mast (1) during underground operations.

5. The above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: An underground guiding mechanism (11-2) for adjusting the elevation angle of the mast (1) is arranged on the chassis assembly (7) and cooperates with the rear slewing center (13) and the underground angle adjustment cylinder (9-2).

6. The above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A steel wire rope (2) arranged on the mast (1); A traveling pulley (3) connected to one end of the steel wire rope (2) and the upper end of the drill rod, respectively, and used for lifting and lowering the drill rod during the drilling process; and a winch (4) connected to the other end of the steel wire rope (2) and used for controlling the lifting and lowering of the traveling pulley (3).

7. A ground drilling method, characterized in that: The above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Drilling design; Step 2: The drilling rig is stable, and the size of the site required for the drilling rig is determined to provide conditions and space for ground drilling with a kilometer-long directional drilling rig; Step 3: During the drilling operation, the drilling rig is adjusted in angle with the ground using the ground angle adjustment cylinder (9-1), the hydraulic horse clamp (10-1), and the ground guide mechanism (11-1). The mast (1) is hinged to the rear slewing center (13), and the upper mast section (1-2) and the winch (4) are installed. Step 4: Drilling. When it is necessary to add a drill rod, the wooden horse clamp (10-1) clamps the first drill rod, the power head (5-3) loosens the first drill rod and retreats, the drill rod to be added is tightened with the first drill rod in the borehole, and the power head (5-3) moves forward to clamp the drill rod to be added; Step 5: After drilling is completed, remove the drill rod and drill bit and seal the hole.

8. A downhole drilling method, characterized in that: The above-ground and underground integrated kilometer directional drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Drilling design; Step 2: The drilling rig is stable and the size of the site required for the drilling rig is determined to provide conditions and space for the kilometer-long directional drilling rig to drill into the well; Step 3: During the drilling rig construction, the angle with the ground is adjusted by using the downhole angle adjustment cylinder (9-2), the hydraulic chuck (10-2), and the downhole guide mechanism (11-2). The upper section of the mast (1-2), the forehead (1-1), the traveling block (3), the ground guide mechanism (11-1), and the winch (4) are removed. The front slewing center (12) and the mast (1) are hingedly disconnected, and the downhole guide mechanism (11-2) is installed between the front slewing center (12) and the mast (1). The downhole angle adjustment cylinder (9-2) is operated to control the mast (1) to rotate around the rear slewing center (13), and the front end is raised. Step 4: Drilling. When it is necessary to add a drill rod, the chuck (10-2) clamps the first drill rod, the power head (5-3) loosens the first drill rod and retreats, the power head (5-3) clamps the drill rod to be added, aligns the thread of the drill rod to be added with the thread of the first drill rod in the hole, and the power head (5-3) rotates forward to tighten the drill rod to be added with the first drill rod; Step 5: After drilling is completed, remove the drill rod and drill bit and seal the hole.

Images