Laser power density adjustment device

Abstract

The present invention proposes a laser power density adjustment device, comprising a housing, a controller, a moving mechanism, a lens, a photoelectric detector and a prediction module, wherein the housing has one end for receiving laser light and the other end for emitting laser light; the controller is used to control the moving mechanism to move; the lens is connected to the moving mechanism and is used to adjust the laser power density; the photoelectric detector is used to receive laser light and send the detected laser power density to the prediction module; the prediction module is used to receive the laser power density sent by the photoelectric detector and the preset laser power density, predict the position of the lens through a neural network, and control the moving mechanism through the controller to control the lens to move to the corresponding position. The device detects the laser power density in real time through the photoelectric detector, and feeds the data back to the prediction module, and adjusts the laser power density at the output end of the device by adjusting the lens position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing and energy measurement, and in particular to a laser power density regulating device. Background Art

[0002] As we all know, with the widespread application of laser technology in industry, scientific research and other fields, especially in industrial processing (such as laser cutting, welding, marking, etching, etc.) and scientific research, laser power is a very critical parameter. Different applications have different requirements for laser power. For example, when performing fine processing or processing sensitive materials, excessive laser power may cause material damage or reduced processing quality. Therefore, it is very necessary to accurately control and adjust the laser power, but the problem of high-power laser damage to detection equipment is becoming increasingly prominent. For example, when the laser power density exceeds a certain threshold, it will produce thermal effects, electrical effects and mechanical effects on the detection equipment, which may cause the performance of the detector to deteriorate or even permanently damage it; when a strong laser is irradiated on the detection equipment, it will quickly convert a large amount of energy into heat energy, causing the local temperature to rise sharply. If the heat cannot be effectively dissipated, it may cause thermal burns, causing the material inside the detection equipment to melt or the structure to deform. The uneven distribution of temperature will generate thermal stress inside the material; when the thermal stress exceeds the material's tolerance limit, it will cause cracks to form or the material to rupture; etc. These damages will affect the optical properties of the detection equipment.

[0003] Existing laser power control devices mostly adopt a fixed design, lacking the ability of real-time adjustment and feedback control, and cannot effectively cope with transient laser intensity changes, making the detection equipment vulnerable to damage in high-power laser environments. In addition, traditional power control methods usually rely on manual adjustment, which is not only cumbersome to operate, but also difficult to meet the demand for precise control of power density under high-dynamic laser conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a solution to this technical problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a laser power density adjustment device, including a housing, a controller, a moving mechanism, a lens, a photodetector and a prediction module, wherein:

[0005] A shell, one end of which is used to receive laser light and the other end of which is used to emit laser light;

[0006] A controller, used for controlling the moving mechanism to move;

[0007] A lens connected to the moving mechanism and used to adjust the laser power density;

[0008] A photodetector, used for receiving laser light and sending the power density of the laser light to a prediction module;

[0009] The prediction module is used to receive the laser power density sent by the photoelectric detector and the preset laser power density, predict the position of the lens through the neural network, and control the moving mechanism through the controller to control the movement of the lens.

[0010] Furthermore, the lens includes a front-end lens, a modulation lens and a rear-end lens.

[0011] Furthermore, the moving mechanism includes a base plate arranged at the inner bottom end of the shell, a slide rail, a fixed plate and an installation frame for installing the lens arranged on the base plate, an electric slider is arranged between the installation frame and the slide rail, the electric slider is connected to the controller, and the controller controls the movement of the electric slider.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide mechanism is provided between the electric slider and the bottom plate, a fixing column is provided on one side of the electric slider, an electromagnetic lock is provided at one end of the fixing column, an iron plate is provided on one side of the fixing plate, and the electromagnetic lock is against the iron plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide mechanism includes a guide block and a guide groove. The guide groove is arranged at the top of the bottom plate. The guide block is slidably connected to the guide groove. A connecting frame is arranged between the guide block and the electric slider.

[0014] Furthermore, an auxiliary support mechanism is provided between the mounting frame and the interior of the shell, and the auxiliary support mechanism includes a mounting groove and a mounting frame. The mounting groove is opened at the inner top of the shell, and a positioning column is provided on the mounting groove. The mounting frame is installed at the top of the mounting frame, and a positioning hole is opened on the mounting frame, and the positioning column passes through the positioning hole.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a position detector for detecting the position information of the lens and sending it to the position tuning module, and a position tuning module for calculating the difference between the lens position generated by the prediction module and the distance between the lens position, and sending the lens position corresponding to the minimum difference to the controller, thereby controlling the movement of the moving mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a precision control module, which is used to receive the precision input by the user, generate a number of preset laser power densities according to the precision, and send them to the position tuning module.

[0017] Furthermore, the prediction module generates positions of several lenses according to the range of laser power density that the photoelectric detector can receive, and sends the positions to the position tuning module.

[0018] Furthermore, for a preset laser power density, the prediction module selects several groups of lens position information with high probability and sends them to the position tuning module.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the laser power density adjustment device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The laser power density is detected in real time by a photoelectric detector and the data is fed back to the controller. The controller adjusts the position of the electric slider, thereby changing the position of the lens and controlling the emitted laser power density.

[0021] (2) The electromagnetic lock adsorbs the iron plate on the fixed plate to ensure the stability and reliability of the electric slider at the set position, avoiding displacement caused by external factors, and improving the stability and durability of the overall system. When the laser power density needs to be adjusted, just turn off the electromagnetic lock and move the electric slider, which greatly simplifies the operation process.

[0022] (3) The power density of the emitted laser can be precisely adjusted through the precision module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A left half-section view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent adjustment part of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See also Figure 1-4 The present invention is a laser power density adjustment device, comprising a housing 1, a controller 4, a moving mechanism, a lens, a photodetector 7 and a prediction module 3, wherein the housing 1 has one end for receiving laser light and the other end for emitting laser light; the controller 4 is used to control the moving mechanism to move; the lens is connected to the moving mechanism and is used to adjust the laser power density; the photodetector is used to receive laser light and send the detected laser power density to the prediction module 3; the prediction module 3 is used to receive the laser power density sent by the photodetector 7 and the preset laser power density, predict the position of the lens through a neural network, and control the moving mechanism through the controller 4, thereby controlling the lens 4 to move to the corresponding position.

[0029] The moving mechanism includes a base plate arranged at the inner bottom end of the shell, a slide rail 5, a fixing plate 6 and a mounting frame 11 for mounting the lens arranged on the base plate, an electric slider 12 is arranged between the mounting frame 11 and the slide rail 5, and the electric slider 12 is connected to the controller 4, and the controller 4 controls the movement of the electric slider 12.

[0030] In one embodiment, the lens includes a front-end lens 8, a modulation lens 9, and a rear-end lens 10. The front-end lens is used to receive the laser beam entering the device and perform preliminary focusing or divergence on it. It can help adjust the initial shape and size of the laser beam to provide suitable incident conditions for subsequent lens processing. The modulation lens is used to accurately adjust the focus of the laser beam, which is to make a more precise focus or divergence adjustment on the laser beam. The rear-end lens is used to focus the laser beam processed by the front-end lens and the modulation lens onto the photodetector. The focal position of the laser beam can be further adjusted to ensure that the laser beam reaches the photodetector in the best state. The rear-end lens can also help reduce chromatic aberration and other aberrations of the optical system.

[0031] The prediction module is used to receive the laser power density sent by the photoelectric detector and the preset laser power density, predict the position of the lens through the neural network, and control the moving mechanism through the controller to control the lens to move to the corresponding position.

[0032] Neural network is a prior art and has many models. In the present invention, for example, a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) architecture can be used, which includes an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer, wherein:

[0033] Input layer: used to receive the laser power density sent by the photodetector and the preset laser power density. The preset laser power density is within the range of laser power density that the photodetector can receive. It can be manually specified, that is, the laser power density to be adjusted, or it can be automatically generated, such as randomly generated according to the receiving range of the photodetector, or the accuracy can be manually specified, and then randomly generated or all generated within the accuracy range to meet the accuracy. These methods will be introduced one by one in the following embodiments.

[0034] Hidden layer: includes multiple neurons, which are used to extract features and establish nonlinear mapping.

[0035] Output layer: Output the position of the lens. If there are multiple lenses, the position information of each lens. If the position of the front lens, modulation lens and rear lens.

[0036] In practical applications, a large number of training samples can be collected, each of which contains an input vector and the corresponding expected output. The input vector includes the current laser power density and the adjusted laser power density, and the output is the position information of the lens. During the training process, a loss function needs to be defined to measure the difference between the network output and the expected output. Common loss functions include mean square error (MSE) or root mean square error (RMSE). In order to minimize the loss function, a back propagation algorithm is used to update the weights and bias terms. The above training is a common method and will not be repeated here.

[0037] Since the incident laser power density, if adjusted, may have different adjustment schemes according to different preset laser power densities (i.e., the power density of the emission device), i.e., different lens positions, in order to improve the response speed and reduce the impact of ultra-high power laser on the photodetector, such as breakdown of the photodetector, especially the impact of the laser emitted from the device on subsequent applications, a preferred embodiment of the present invention also includes a position detector and a position tuning module, wherein the position detector is arranged in the housing and is used to send the position information of the lens to the position tuning module, and the position tuning module is used to calculate the difference between the distances of several lens positions generated by the prediction module and the current lens position, and send the lens position corresponding to the minimum difference to the controller, thereby controlling the movement of the moving mechanism. The minimum difference indicates that the lens position movement distance is the minimum. Preferably, the difference in lens position distance is taken as an absolute value. When there are multiple lenses, the difference in distance of each lens position is taken as an absolute value, and then added to obtain the total lens distance difference.

[0038] In one embodiment, a preset laser power density is set, but there can be multiple groups of predicted results, that is, different results have different predicted probabilities, and several groups of lens positions with high probabilities can be selected and sent to the position tuning module. The position tuning module sends the lens position with the smallest distance from the current lens position to the controller, and then the controller controls the moving mechanism to control the lens to move to the corresponding position.

[0039] In one embodiment, a precision control module is further included, which is used to receive the precision input by the user, and generate a number of preset laser power densities according to the precision, and send them to the prediction module, so as to generate the position information of multiple groups of lenses. For example, assuming that the power density is 100, the precision is 1, and the range is 5, then the preset power densities that can be generated are: 51, 52, 53, 54, 55; if the precision is 0.1, the preset laser power densities generated are: 50.1, 50.2...55.

[0040] The precision control module, position tuning module, and prediction module can be located on a host computer, smart terminals such as smartphones, or the cloud.

[0041] The controller 4 receives the lens position information sent by the prediction module or the position tuning module, and then adjusts the electric slider 12 of the moving mechanism to change the position of the lens, thereby changing the laser power density after the laser passes through the lens, that is, the laser power density entering the photodetector 7. At this time, the laser passes through the photodetector 7 and is emitted from the other end of the shell. The emitted laser power density is the adjusted laser power density, thereby achieving precise control of the emitted laser power density.

[0042] In one embodiment, a guide mechanism is provided between the electric slider 12 and the bottom plate, a fixing column 13 is provided on one side of the electric slider 12, an electromagnetic lock 14 is provided at one end of the fixing column 13, an iron plate 15 is provided on one side of the fixing plate 6, and the electromagnetic lock 14 is against the iron plate 15.

[0043] A wireless transmission mechanism 16 is provided inside the controller 4, which can communicate with the prediction module through wireless communication.

[0044] In one embodiment, each lens corresponds to an electric slider, and the controller 4 controls the three electric sliders 12 to move linearly on the slide rail 5, adjusts the positions of the front-end lens 8, the modulation lens 9 and the rear-end lens 10, and detects the laser power density in real time through the photodetector 7, and feeds the data back to the controller 4. The controller 4 adjusts the position of the electric slider 12, thereby changing the positions of the front-end lens 8, the modulation lens 9 and the rear-end lens 10, thereby controlling the laser power density.

[0045] In one embodiment, when the lens is adjusted into place, the controller 4 opens the electromagnetic lock 14 at one end of the fixing column 13, and the electromagnetic lock 14 adsorbs the iron plate 15 on the fixing plate 6, so that the electric slider 12 can be firmly fixed without loosening, thereby ensuring the fixation reliability of the front end lens 8, the modulation lens 9 and the rear end lens 10, and preventing the front end lens 8, the modulation lens 9 and the rear end lens 10 from loosening or displacement due to external influences. When the electric slider 12 needs to be used, the controller 4 closes the electromagnetic lock 14, and then moves the electric slider 12, thereby adjusting the positions of the front end lens 8, the modulation lens 9 and the rear end lens 10, and changing the focusing degree and shape of the laser beam.

[0046] In one embodiment, the guide mechanism can enable the electric slider 12 to move in a more stable and straight line. The mounting mechanism can be used to fix the shell 1 at a specified position. The wireless transmission mechanism 16 can transmit the information of the controller 4 to the network terminal, making it convenient for personnel to view the information remotely.

[0047] In one embodiment, the guide mechanism includes a guide block 17 and a guide groove. The guide groove is opened at the top of the bottom plate. The guide block 17 is slidably connected to the guide groove. A connecting frame is provided between the guide block 17 and the electric slider 12. When the electric slider 12 moves, it drives the connecting frame to move, and the connecting frame drives the guide block 17 to move. By sliding the guide block 17 to connect to the guide groove, the stability of the electric slider 12 during movement can be improved.

[0048] In one embodiment, the guide block 17 and the guide groove are both in a T-shaped structure, and the guide block 17 and the guide groove in a T-shaped structure can prevent the guide block 17 from being separated from the guide groove.

[0049] In one embodiment, an auxiliary support mechanism is provided between the mounting frame 11 and the interior of the shell 1, and the auxiliary support mechanism includes a mounting groove and a mounting frame 18. The mounting groove is opened at the inner top of the shell 1, and a positioning column 19 is provided on the mounting groove. The mounting frame 18 is installed at the top of the mounting frame 11, and a positioning hole is opened on the mounting frame 18. The positioning column 19 passes through the positioning hole. The positioning column 19 passes through the positioning hole of the mounting frame 18 on the mounting frame 11. When the mounting frame 11 moves with the electric slider 12, the mounting frame 18 can move in a straight line on the positioning column 19, which can improve the movement stability of the mounting frame 11 and play an auxiliary supporting effect on the mounting frame 11.

[0050] In one embodiment, the mounting mechanism includes a mounting plate 20, which is mounted on the bottom end of the shell 1. A mounting hole 21 is opened on the mounting plate 20, and there are multiple mounting holes 21. The multiple mounting holes 21 on the mounting plate 20 make it convenient for personnel to use bolt assemblies to fix the structure at a specified position.

[0051] In one embodiment, the positioning column 19 is matched with the positioning hole. By matching the positioning column 19 with the positioning hole, the mounting frame 18 can stably move linearly on the positioning column 19 without shaking.

[0052] In one embodiment, anti-collision pads are provided on both sides of the installation groove, and the anti-collision pads at both ends of the installation groove can effectively prevent the installation frame 18 from being damaged by collision with one side of the installation groove.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser power density adjustment device, characterized in that: It includes a housing, a controller, a moving mechanism, a lens, a photodetector and a prediction module, wherein: A shell, one end of which is used to receive laser light and the other end of which is used to emit laser light; A controller, used for controlling the moving mechanism to move; A lens connected to the moving mechanism and used to adjust the laser power density; A photodetector, used for receiving laser light and sending the power density of the laser light to a prediction module; A prediction module is used to receive the laser power density sent by the photodetector and the preset laser power density, predict the position of the lens through a neural network, and control the moving mechanism through a controller to control the movement of the lens; It also includes a position detector for detecting the position information of the lens and sending it to a position tuning module, and a position tuning module for calculating the difference between the lens position generated by the prediction module and the distance between the lens position, and sending the lens position corresponding to the minimum difference to the controller, thereby controlling the movement of the moving mechanism.

2. The laser power density adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens includes a front lens, a modulation lens and a rear lens.

3. The laser power density adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism includes a base plate arranged at the inner bottom end of the shell, a slide rail, a fixing plate and a mounting frame for mounting the lens arranged on the base plate, an electric slider is arranged between the mounting frame and the slide rail, the electric slider is connected to a controller, and the controller controls the movement of the electric slider.

4. The laser power density adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide mechanism is arranged between the electric slider and the bottom plate, a fixing column is arranged on one side of the electric slider, an electromagnetic lock is arranged at one end of the fixing column, an iron plate is arranged on one side of the fixing plate, and the electromagnetic lock is against the iron plate.

5. The laser power density adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide mechanism comprises a guide block and a guide groove. The guide groove is arranged at the top of the bottom plate. The guide block is slidably connected to the guide groove. A connecting frame is arranged between the guide block and the electric slide block.

6. The laser power density adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An auxiliary support mechanism is provided between the mounting frame and the interior of the shell, and the auxiliary support mechanism includes a mounting groove and a mounting frame. The mounting groove is opened at the inner top of the shell, and a positioning column is provided on the mounting groove. The mounting frame is installed on the top of the mounting frame, and a positioning hole is opened on the mounting frame, and the positioning column passes through the positioning hole.

7. The laser power density adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a precision control module, which is used to receive the precision input by the user, generate a number of preset laser power densities according to the precision, and send them to the position tuning module.

8. The laser power density adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prediction module generates the positions of several lenses according to the range of laser power density that the photodetector can receive, and sends them to the position tuning module.

9. The laser power density adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: For a preset laser power density, the prediction module selects several groups of lens position information with high probability and sends them to the position tuning module.

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