An aperture-adjustable filtering and screening device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a filtration and screening device and method with adjustable pore size. The filtration and screening device includes an elastic filter media with an inlet and an outlet, several filter channels formed within the elastic filter media, two sets of band clamps, a tension adjustment structure acting on the corresponding band clamps, and a central controller. The tension adjustment structure includes an adjustment buckle, a stepper motor, and a rotating shaft. One end of the band clamp is fixed to the adjustment buckle, and the other end passes through the adjustment buckle. The end of the band clamp passing through the adjustment buckle is fixed to the rotating shaft. This invention can achieve targeted collection of materials with a certain range of particle sizes, meeting the application needs of certain specific situations. Furthermore, it has a venting function; by repeating the filtration and screening mode and the venting mode, automated and continuous material processing can be achieved without the risk of clogging. It can be flexibly applied to the filtration and screening of granular materials and has a promising market prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial and agricultural filtration and screening technology, and in particular to a filtration and screening device with adjustable pore size, and a method for using the filtration and screening device to filter and remove or screen and collect target substances of different particle sizes. Background Technology

[0002] Using filter media for filtration or sieving is a common material handling method in industrial and agricultural production. Common filter media are usually rigid materials with fixed pore sizes to ensure filtration accuracy. Therefore, filter media with different pore sizes must be replaced under different needs, which limits the application of rigid filter media.

[0003] Although a few technologies involve adjustable filtration or sieving pore sizes, they can be broadly categorized into three types. The first type uses two rigid filter materials with staggered, overlapping pores. Adjusting the area of ​​the overlapping pores changes the pore size, but this essentially still uses a rigid material with a fixed pore size for filtration. The second type uses a rigid filter material with gradually varying pore sizes and designs appropriate filtration or sieving methods. Similarly, the pore size of the rigid filter material remains essentially non-adjustable. The third type uses external factors such as temperature, filtration pressure, or voltage changes to alter the pore size of the filter material. However, this type of pore size adjustment often requires unique application conditions and special filter materials, and it is difficult to achieve precisely adjustable pore sizes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a filter and screening device and method with adjustable pore size for targeted filtering or screening of target materials within a certain particle size range.

[0005] A filter sieving device with adjustable pore size, comprising:

[0006] Elastic filter media, which has an inlet end and an outlet end;

[0007] Several filtration channels are formed within the elastic filter media, which connect the feed inlet and the discharge outlet.

[0008] Two sets of strip clamps are respectively fitted at the feed end and the discharge end;

[0009] A tension adjustment structure that acts on the corresponding band clamp; and a central controller that is electrically connected to the tension adjustment structure.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above solution, the elastic filter material is provided with a positioning groove that is compatible with the strip clamp.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above scheme, several filter channels are evenly distributed, and two adjacent filter channels are set independently.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution, the tightness adjustment structure includes an adjustment buckle fixedly installed on the elastic filter material, a stepper motor, and a rotating shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above solution, the adjusting buckle has a frame-shaped structure, and one end of the strip clamp is fixed to the adjusting buckle, while the other end passes through the adjusting buckle; the end of the strip clamp passes through the adjusting buckle and is fixed to the rotating shaft.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution, the central controller is equipped with an pore size variation equation. Based on the regularity between the change in clamp stroke and the change in filter media pore size, a regression formula is established using the least squares method to obtain the pore size variation equation. This invention uses the pore size variation equation as a basis to precisely control the pore size change of the filter channel through the change in clamp stroke. Based on this pore size variation equation, precise adjustment of the inlet and outlet pore sizes is achieved.

[0015] A screening method includes the following steps:

[0016] S1 develops a plan based on actual needs, which includes an average pore size of R for the porous elastic filter media and a collection particle size of R. o ~R i The materials, of which R i >R o ;

[0017] S2 manufactures a porous elastic filter material with adjustable pore size according to the plan;

[0018] S3 determined the variation law of porous elastic filter media and established the variation equation;

[0019] S4 constructs and applies a filtration and screening device;

[0020] S5 is set by a central controller and a tension adjustment mechanism, controlling the aperture of the porous elastic filter media feed end to be R. i The discharge end aperture is R o At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R i Gradually changing and shrinking to the discharge end R o The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. o ~R i Materials;

[0021] S6 is set by a central controller and a tension adjustment mechanism, controlling the aperture of the porous elastic filter media feed end to be R. o The discharge end aperture is Ri At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R o The changes gradually expand to the discharge end R i The filtration and screening device is operated to screen particles with a diameter of R. i ~R o The material is then emptied.

[0022] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a porous elastic filter material with an average pore size of R is produced by using a pre-embedded rod with a diameter of R, through injection molding, extrusion molding, or casting.

[0023] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the method for establishing the variation equation is specifically operated as follows: the porous elastic filter material made by S2 is made into a suitable size and shape, with the filter holes through both ends. Following the through direction of the porous elastic filter material pores, a clamp is used to hold one end at a suitable position. The clamp is tightened with different forces, and the regularity of the change in clamp stroke and the change in filter material pore size is observed and recorded. The regression formula between the two is established using the least squares method, and the variation equation is constructed.

[0024] As a further improvement to the above scheme, when a stepped collection of particle sizes R is required... o ~R p R p ~R q R q ~R i When dealing with materials, R o <R p <R q <R i ;

[0025] The filtration and screening process is as follows:

[0026] 1) R o ~R p Material collection and discharge: Controlled by a central controller and tension adjustment mechanism, the aperture of the porous elastic filter media feed end is set to R. p The discharge end aperture is R o At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R p Gradually changing and shrinking to the discharge end R o The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. o ~R p The material; the pore size at the feed end of the porous elastic filter material is controlled to be R. o The discharge end aperture is R p For particle size R o ~R p The materials are emptied;

[0027] 2) R p ~R qMaterial collection and discharge: Controlled by a central controller and tension adjustment mechanism, the aperture of the porous elastic filter media feed end is set to R. q The discharge end aperture is R p At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R q Gradually changing and shrinking to the discharge end R p The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. p ~R q The material; the pore size at the feed end of the porous elastic filter material is controlled to be R. p The discharge end aperture is R q For particle size R p ~R q The materials are emptied;

[0028] 3) R q ~R i Material collection and discharge: Controlled by a central controller and tension adjustment mechanism, the aperture of the porous elastic filter media feed end is set to R. i The discharge end aperture is R q At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R i Gradually changing and shrinking to the discharge end R q The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. q ~R i The material; the pore size at the feed end of the porous elastic filter material is controlled to be R. q The discharge end aperture is R i For particle size R q ~R i The material is then emptied.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] The inlet and outlet apertures of this invention can be adaptively adjusted according to different production processes, thereby classifying materials into three ranges: large particle size, medium particle size, and small particle size. It can be used for material filtration and removal, as well as for the collection of materials within the target particle size range. It is simple to apply and highly efficient.

[0031] This invention allows for convenient online adjustment of the orifice size at both the feed and discharge ends. It can collect materials within a specific range and also empty the collected material, achieving automated and continuous material processing without the risk of blockage. Furthermore, by progressively increasing and continuously setting different R values... i R o The numerical value allows for step-by-step filtration and screening of materials based on increasing particle size, thereby obtaining materials with different particle size ranges in sequence. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a screening diagram of an adjustable aperture filtration and screening device provided by the present invention. The arrows in the diagram indicate the flow direction of the material.

[0033] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a discharge diagram of an adjustable aperture filtration and screening device provided by the present invention. The arrows in the diagram indicate the outflow direction of the material.

[0034] Explanation of main component symbols

[0035] 1. Elastic filter media; 2. Filter channel; 3. Belt clamp; 4. Adjustable buckle; 5. Stepper motor; 6. Rotary shaft; 7. Central controller.

[0036] The above description of the main component symbols, together with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a more detailed explanation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Example 1

[0038] Please see Figure 1-2 This embodiment provides a filter sieving device with adjustable aperture, which includes an elastic filter material 1 with an inlet end and an outlet end, a plurality of filter channels 2 opened in the elastic filter material 1, two sets of belt clamps 3, a tension adjustment structure acting on the corresponding belt clamps 3, and a central controller 7 electrically connected to the tension adjustment structure.

[0039] The elastic filter material 1 is made of silicone. In other embodiments, elastic materials with the same properties as silicone can also be used to make the elastic filter material 1, which will not be elaborated here. The filter channel 2 is used to connect the feed end and the discharge end. Several filter channels 2 are evenly arranged, and two adjacent filter channels 2 are set independently. This embodiment is illustrated by arranging multiple filter channels in a 3×3 matrix.

[0040] Two sets of strip clamps 3 are respectively fitted at the feed end and the discharge end, and the elastic filter material 1 has a positioning groove that matches the strip clamps 3. In this embodiment, the strip clamps 3 are limited by the positioning groove on the elastic filter material 1 to prevent them from dislodging during adjustment.

[0041] The tension adjustment structure includes an adjustment buckle 4 fixedly installed on the elastic filter material 1, a stepper motor 5, and a rotating shaft 6 fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor 5. The adjustment buckle 4 has a frame-shaped structure, and one end of the strip clamp 3 is fixed to the adjustment buckle 4, while the other end passes through the adjustment buckle 4. The end of the strip clamp 3 passes through the adjustment buckle 4 and is fixed to the rotating shaft 6. In this embodiment, the stepper motor 5 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, thereby pulling the strip clamp 3 to change the aperture of the filter channel 2 at the feed end and the discharge end. For example, when the stepper motor 5 rotates forward, the rotating shaft 6 applies a winding force to the strip clamp 3. At this time, the strip clamp 3 is in a tightened state, and correspondingly, the aperture of the filter channel 2 corresponding to the strip clamp 3 becomes smaller. Conversely, when the stepper motor 5 rotates in reverse, the rotating shaft 6 applies an unwinding force to the strip clamp 3. At this time, the strip clamp 3 is in a relaxed state, and correspondingly, the aperture of the filter channel 2 corresponding to the strip clamp 3 becomes larger.

[0042] To improve the accuracy of pore size adjustment in filter channel 2, this embodiment employs a central controller 7 and a stepper motor 5 in synergy to precisely control the stroke of the strip clamp 3, thereby achieving precise pore size adjustments at the feed and discharge ends. The central controller 7 contains a pore size variation equation. Based on the regularity between clamp stroke changes and filter media pore size changes, a regression formula is established using the least squares method to obtain the pore size variation equation. This invention uses the pore size variation equation as a basis to accurately predict the pore size change of filter channel 2 through clamp stroke changes. Based on this equation, the central controller 7 sends the stroke target to a dedicated inverter (not shown), which assists in controlling the stepper motor 5 to achieve precise adjustment of the feed and discharge end pore sizes.

[0043] Considering that material may gradually accumulate inside the elastic filter media 1 during actual use, potentially causing blockage, the filtration and sieving device in this embodiment has two operating modes: filtration and sieving mode and venting mode. This embodiment uses a collection particle size of R... o ~R i Taking the material as an example, R i >R o .

[0044] When the filtration and screening mode is activated, the central controller 7 adjusts the band clamps 3 at the feed end and the discharge end so that the aperture at the feed end is R. i The diameter of the discharge end is R. o At this time, the filtration channel 2 of the elastic filter material 1 exhibits a shape consisting of pores R i Gradually change and shrink to R o The gradient structure has a particle size greater than R. i Materials smaller than R cannot enter. i But greater than R o Materials can enter but cannot pass through; only particles smaller than R are allowed.o The material passes through, at which point the particle size is R. o ~R i The material is trapped and accumulates in the device.

[0045] When the venting mode is activated, the central controller 7 adjusts the band clamps 3 at the feed end and the discharge end, so that the orifice diameter at the feed end changes from R... i Decrease to R o The orifice diameter at the discharge end is from R o Increase to become R i At this point, the filtration channel 2 of the elastic filter material 1 exhibits a gradual increase in pore size from R0 to R. i With its gradual change in structure, the material accumulated in the channel can then be discharged outside the device.

[0046] The filtration and screening device in this embodiment can separate materials into different categories based on particle size. <R o R o ~R i >R i The system consists of three parts to achieve targeted filtration or screening. The R value is set appropriately according to actual production needs. i R o By adjusting the values, different application goals can be achieved, such as gradually increasing and continuously setting different R values. i R o The numerical method allows for step-by-step filtration and sieving of materials based on increasing particle size, thereby obtaining materials with different particle size ranges. Furthermore, the filtration and sieving mode and the emptying mode can be repeated to achieve automated and continuous material processing.

[0047] In summary, the filtration and screening device of this embodiment has the following advantages: based on the precise adjustment and control of the aperture at the feed end and the discharge end, it can achieve targeted collection of materials with a certain range of particle sizes, meet the application needs of certain specific situations, and has an emptying function. By repeating the filtration and screening mode and the emptying mode, the material can be processed automatically and continuously without the risk of clogging. Example 2

[0048] This embodiment provides a sieving method that uses a filtration and sieving device with adjustable pore size as described in Embodiment 1 to adaptively filter and remove or sieve and collect target substances of different particle sizes. The sieving method includes the following steps:

[0049] S1 develops a filtration or screening plan based on actual needs. The plan includes an average pore size of R for the porous elastic filter media and a collection particle size of R. o ~R i The materials, of which R i >R o .

[0050] S2, according to the plan, manufactures porous elastic filter media with adjustable pore size. Using pre-embedded rods with a diameter of R, the porous elastic filter media with an average pore size of R is produced through injection molding, extrusion molding, or casting.

[0051] S3 determined the variation law of porous elastic filter material and established the variation equation.

[0052] The method for establishing the variation equation is as follows: The porous elastic filter material made of S2 is shaped to a suitable size, with the filter pores extending through both ends. Following the direction of the porous elastic filter material's pores, a clamp is used to secure one end at a suitable position. The clamp is tightened with varying forces, and the regularity between the clamp travel and the filter material pore size change is observed and recorded. A regression formula is established using the least squares method to construct the variation equation. Specifically: Let the clamp travel be X. As the clamp gradually tightens, the pore size of the elastic filter material gradually decreases from R1 to R2. A regression formula is established using the least squares method to obtain the regression function equation, which is R = R(X). Therefore, based on R = R(X), the change in the pore size of the porous elastic filter material can be accurately predicted by the change in the clamp travel.

[0053] S4 constructs and applies a filtration and screening device.

[0054] S5 controls the inlet diameter of the porous elastic filter media to be R. i The discharge end aperture is R o The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. o ~R i The material. In this embodiment, when the orifice diameter at the feed end is R... i The diameter of the discharge end is R. o At that time, the porous elastic filter material is composed of pores with a diameter R i Gradually change and shrink to R o The filter media features a gradient pore size, therefore, the particle size is larger than R. i Materials smaller than R cannot enter the filter media. i But greater than R o Materials that can enter the filter media cannot pass through; only particles smaller than R are allowed. o The material passes through, at which point the particle size is R. o ~R i The material is trapped and accumulates in the filter media.

[0055] S6 controls the inlet diameter of the porous elastic filter media to be R. o The discharge end aperture is R i The filtration and screening device is operated to screen particles with a diameter of R. i ~R o The material is discharged. In this embodiment, when the orifice diameter at the feed end is R...i Decrease to R o The orifice diameter at the discharge end is from R o Increase to become R i At that time, the porous elastic filter material gradually increases from pore size R0 to R i With the gradually changing pore size of the filter media, the material accumulated in the channels can be discharged outside the filter media. It should be noted that the evacuation mode can be started on a timer or automatically based on changes in filter media clogging or pressure fluctuations. Example 3

[0056] In a certain air handling application, it is necessary to remove PM2.5 particulate pollutants as much as possible. Conventional air purifiers are easily clogged. Based on this, this embodiment provides a filter sieving device with adjustable pore size to remove air particulate pollutants.

[0057] Step 1: Take silicone raw materials, or materials with equivalent elasticity, and use injection molding or extrusion molding to produce a through-hole filter material with an average pore size of about 10μm and a filter material length of not less than 0.25m.

[0058] Step two: Following the pore direction of the elastic filter material, the porous filter material prepared in step one is cut into a suitable shape. Strip clamps 3 are placed at appropriate positions at both ends of the through-holes, and the tightness of the strip clamps 3 is controlled by a stepper motor 5. The data between the tightening stroke X of the strip clamps 3 and the average pore diameter R of the porous filter material is observed and recorded step by step. Starting with a pore diameter R = 10 μm, the tightening stroke X of the strip clamps 3 is recorded for every 1 μm decrease, until the pore diameter R of the filter material shrinks to 1 μm. A regression function between R and X is established using the least squares method, and the equation is set as R = R(X). The aforementioned control equation is embedded in an industrial control chip, serving as the central controller 7 for controlling the pore diameter at both ends of the porous filter material in this embodiment.

[0059] Step 3: Fabricate and apply an adjustable pore size filter sieving device. Based on the porous filter media pore size control equation established in Step 2, the central controller 7 is set as follows: the inlet clamp stroke is 0mm, the average pore size is 10μm, and the outlet clamp stroke is adjusted until the average pore size is 1.5μm; thus forming a pore size gradient filter from the inlet to the outlet, where the pore size gradually decreases from 10μm to 1.5μm, thereby purifying and filtering the air.

[0060] Step 4: Operation, cleaning, and reset of the filtration and screening device.

[0061] In the filtration and screening device applied through the aforementioned steps, particulate pollutants with a diameter of 1.5~10μm easily accumulate. When this accumulation reaches a certain level, it leads to a decrease in air purification efficiency or even malfunction. Timed automatic cleaning is employed, or the cleaning program is initiated based on a drop in air pressure at the outlet. The automatic cleaning process is as follows: The operating mode is interrupted, switching to cleaning mode, with the outlet facing the pollutant collection container; the central controller 7 issues adjustment commands to the inlet and outlet stepper motors 5, causing the inlet aperture to shrink to 1.5μm and the outlet aperture to return to 10μm, before restarting the filtration and screening device or applying pressure for purging. Because the porous filter media automatically reverses its pore size, gradually increasing from 1.5μm to 10μm from the inlet to the outlet, the accumulated 1.5~10μm particulate pollutants are easily purged and dispersed, accumulating in the pollutant collection container. Furthermore, in some cases, the inlet aperture can remain unchanged during cleaning, creating a continuous aperture of 10μm from the inlet to the outlet, which makes it easier to purge and clean particulate pollutants accumulated in the filter. The filtration and screening device, after the aforementioned steps, exhibits excellent particulate pollutant removal. Repeating steps three and four can effectively reduce PM2.5 in a specific environment to below the ideal target value, achieving excellent air quality conditions.

[0062] The filter and sieving device of this embodiment is used in air filtration. It is easy to operate and can easily and accurately set and adjust the aperture of its air inlet and outlet ends, thereby effectively removing particulate pollutants in the air and performing timely automatic cleaning. It is simple and practical. Example 4

[0063] In a recirculating aquaculture system, it is necessary to remove particulate pollutants such as uneaten feed and feces with a diameter between 8mm and 100μm. However, conventional filters such as arc screens only have one pore size and their efficiency is not very high. Therefore, this embodiment provides a filter sieving device with an adjustable pore size to remove particulate pollutants with a diameter between 8mm and 100μm.

[0064] Step 1: Take silicone raw materials, or materials with equivalent elasticity, and use injection molding or extrusion molding to produce a through-hole filter material with an average pore size of about 8mm and a length of not less than 0.50m.

[0065] Step two: Following the pore direction of the elastic filter material, the porous filter material prepared in step one is cut into a suitable shape. Strip clamps 3 are placed at appropriate positions at both ends of the through-holes, and the tightness of the strip clamps 3 is controlled by a stepper motor 5. The data between the tightening stroke X of the strip clamps 3 and the average pore diameter R of the porous filter material is observed and recorded step by step. Starting with a pore diameter R = 8 mm, the diameter is reduced by 100 μm each time, and the tightening stroke X of the strip clamps 3 is recorded until the pore diameter R of the filter material is reduced to 100 μm. A regression function between R and X is established using the least squares method, and the equation of this function is set as R = R(X). The aforementioned control equation is embedded in an industrial control chip as a central controller 7 for controlling the pore diameter at both ends of the porous filter material in this embodiment.

[0066] Step 3: Fabricate and apply an adjustable pore size filter screening device. Based on the porous filter media pore size control equation established in Step 2, the central controller 7 is set as follows: the inlet clamp stroke is 0mm, the average pore size is 8mm, and the outlet clamp stroke is adjusted until the average pore size is 100μm; thus forming a pore size gradient filter that gradually decreases in pore size from 8mm to 100μm from the inlet to the outlet, thereby filtering and recycling aquaculture water.

[0067] Step 4: Operation, cleaning, and reset of the filtration and screening device.

[0068] In the filtration and screening device applied through the aforementioned steps, particulate pollutants such as uneaten food and feces with a particle size of 100μm to 8mm easily accumulate. When this accumulation reaches a certain level, it leads to a decrease in water treatment efficiency or even malfunction. Timed automatic cleaning is employed, or the cleaning program is initiated based on a drop in outlet pressure. The automatic cleaning process is as follows: The operating mode is interrupted, and the device is switched to cleaning mode, with the outlet facing the uneaten food and feces collection container. The central controller 7 issues adjustment commands to the inlet and outlet stepper motors 5, causing the inlet aperture to shrink to 100μm and the outlet aperture to return to 8mm. The filtration and screening device is then restarted, or pressurized water is applied for flushing. Because the porous filter media automatically reverses its pore size, gradually increasing from 100μm to 8mm from the inlet to the outlet, the accumulated 100μm to 8mm particulate pollutants such as uneaten food and feces are easily flushed away and collected in the pollutant collection container. Furthermore, in some cases, the inlet aperture can remain unchanged during cleaning, resulting in a continuous aperture of 8mm from the inlet to the outlet. This makes it easier to purge and clean particulate pollutants such as uneaten feed and feces accumulated in the filter. After the aforementioned steps, the filtration and screening device achieves good particulate pollutant removal. Repeating steps three and four can effectively reduce particulate pollutants in specific aquaculture environments to below the ideal target value, resulting in excellent aquaculture environmental conditions.

[0069] The filtration and screening device of this embodiment is used in the filtration of circulating water and aquaculture water treatment. It is easy to operate and its inlet and outlet apertures can be easily and accurately set and adjusted, thereby effectively removing particulate pollutants such as uneaten feed and feces in circulating aquaculture and performing timely automatic cleaning. It is simple and practical. Example 5

[0070] In a certain pharmaceutical production process, it is necessary to obtain drug particles with a particle size between 10 and 200 μm. Drug particles that are too large or too small are not conducive to drug use and efficacy. Conventional processing methods are unlikely to obtain drug powder with a specific particle size range in one step. Based on this, this embodiment provides a filter sieving device with adjustable pore size to obtain drug particles with a particle size between 10 and 200 μm.

[0071] Step 1: Take silicone raw materials, or materials with equivalent elasticity, and use injection molding or extrusion molding to produce a through-hole filter material with an average pore size of about 200μm and a filter material length of not less than 0.50m.

[0072] Step two: Following the pore direction of the elastic filter material, the porous filter material prepared in step one is cut into a suitable shape. Strip clamps 3 are placed at appropriate positions at both ends of the through-holes, and the tightness of the strip clamps 3 is controlled by a stepper motor 5. The data between the tightening stroke X of the strip clamps 3 and the average pore diameter R of the porous filter material is observed and recorded step by step. Starting with a pore diameter R = 200 μm, the tightening stroke X of the strip clamps 3 is recorded for every 20 μm decrease, until the pore diameter R of the filter material shrinks to 10 μm. A regression function between R and X is established using the least squares method, and the equation is set as R = R(X). The aforementioned control equation is embedded in an industrial control chip, serving as the central controller 7 for controlling the pore diameter at both ends of the porous filter material in this embodiment.

[0073] Step 3: Fabricate and apply an adjustable pore size filtration and sieving device. Based on the porous filter media pore size control equation established in Step 2, the central controller 7 is set as follows: the clamp stroke at the feed end is 0 mm, and the average pore size is 200 μm. At the discharge end, the clamp stroke is adjusted until the average pore size is 10 μm. This forms a pore size gradient sieve where the pore size gradually decreases from 200 μm to 10 μm from the feed end to the discharge end, thereby enabling the sieving and collection of drug particles with a particle size of 10~200 μm.

[0074] Step four: Operation of the filtration and sieving device and collection of the drug.

[0075] In the filtration and sieving device applied through the aforementioned steps, drug particles with a diameter of 10~200μm are easily collected. When these particles accumulate to a certain extent, the collection effect decreases or the device becomes inoperable. Timed automatic cleaning and collection is employed, or the cleaning and collection program is initiated based on a drop in air pressure at the discharge end. The automatic cleaning and collection process is as follows: The operating mode is interrupted, and the device is switched to cleaning and collection mode, with the discharge end facing the drug cleaning and collection container. The central controller 7 issues adjustment commands to the stepper motors 5 at both the inlet and outlet ends, causing the inlet end aperture to shrink to 10μm and the outlet end aperture to return to 200μm. The filtration and sieving device is then restarted, or pressurized purging is applied. Because the porous filter material automatically reverses its pore size, from the inlet end to the outlet end, the pore size gradually increases from 10μm to 200μm, making it easy to purge and remove the accumulated 10~200μm drug particles, which then accumulate in the drug cleaning and collection container. Furthermore, in some cases, the feed end aperture can remain unchanged during the cleaning and collection process, forming a continuous aperture of 200μm from the feed end to the discharge end, which also makes it easier to purge and clean the drug accumulated in the filter. Repeating steps three and four can effectively sieve and collect specific drug powder particles of 10~200μm for further drug processing.

[0076] The filtration and sieving device of this embodiment is used in the sieving of drug powders. It is easy to operate and its feed end and discharge end aperture can be easily and accurately set and adjusted, thereby effectively sieving and collecting target drugs in a specific particle size range of 10~200μm. It is simple and practical. Example 6

[0077] In a specific production process of a certain enterprise, materials need to be separated into three different types of materials with particle sizes ranging from R1 to R2, R2 to R3, and R3 to R4, where the values ​​of R1, R2, R3, and R4 increase sequentially. Conventional processing methods are unlikely to obtain materials with different specific particle size ranges in one step. Based on this, this embodiment provides a filter and sieving device with adjustable pore size to obtain materials with particle sizes in different ranges of R1 to R2, R2 to R3, and R3 to R4.

[0078] Step 1: Take silicone raw materials, or materials with equivalent elasticity, and use injection molding or extrusion molding to produce a through-hole filter material with an average pore size of about R4. The length of the filter material should not be less than 0.50m.

[0079] Step two: Following the pore direction of the elastic filter material, cut the porous filter material prepared in step one into a suitable shape. Place strip clamps 3 at appropriate positions at both ends of the through-holes. Control the tightness of the strip clamps 3 using a stepper motor 5. Gradually observe and record the data between the tightening stroke X of the strip clamps 3 and the average pore diameter R of the porous filter material. Starting with the pore diameter R4, decrease the diameter by (R4-R) / 30 each time, recording the tightening stroke X of the strip clamps 3, until the pore diameter R of the filter material shrinks to R1. Establish a regression function between R and X using the least squares method, denoted as R=R(X). Integrate the aforementioned control equation into an industrial control chip, serving as the central controller 7 for controlling the pore diameter at both ends of the porous filter material in this embodiment.

[0080] Step 3: Fabricate and apply an adjustable pore size filter screening device. Based on the porous filter media pore size control equation established in Step 2, the following settings are made in the central controller 7: adjust the clamp stroke at the feed end so that the average pore size at the feed end is R2; adjust the clamp stroke at the discharge end so that the average pore size at the discharge end is R1; thus forming a pore size gradient screen from the feed end to the discharge end, where the pore size gradually decreases from R2 to R1, thereby screening and collecting materials with particle sizes between R1 and R2.

[0081] Step 4: Filtration, screening, and collection of materials with particle sizes between R1 and R2.

[0082] In the filtration and screening device applied through the aforementioned steps, materials with a particle size smaller than R1 are filtered through, while materials with a particle size larger than R2 are blocked from passing through. This easily leads to the collection of particles with a particle size of R1 to R2, which, when accumulated to a certain extent, reduces the collection efficiency or causes the device to malfunction. To address this, a timed automatic cleaning and collection process is adopted, or the cleaning and collection program is initiated based on a drop in pressure at the discharge end. The automatic cleaning and collection process is as follows: The operating mode is interrupted, and the device is switched to cleaning and collection mode, with the discharge end facing the material cleaning and collection container. The central controller 7 issues adjustment commands to the stepper motors 5 at both the inlet and outlet ends, maintaining the inlet end aperture at R2 while expanding the outlet end aperture to R2. The filtration and screening device is then restarted, or pressurized purging is applied. Because the porous filter media automatically changes its pore size to R2 from the inlet end to the outlet end, the accumulated materials with a particle size of R1 to R2 are easily purged and dispersed, accumulating in the material cleaning and collection container. Repeating the above operations can effectively screen and collect materials with particle sizes between R1 and R2 for further processing or application.

[0083] Step 5: Filtration, sieving, and collection of materials with particle sizes between R2 and R3.

[0084] In the filtration and screening device applied through the aforementioned steps, all materials have a particle size greater than R2. Further, the central controller 7 is configured as follows: the stroke of the feed end clamp is adjusted so that the average aperture at the feed end is R3; the stroke of the discharge end clamp is adjusted so that the average aperture at the discharge end is R2; thus forming a gradually decreasing aperture screen from R3 to R2 from the feed end to the discharge end, thereby screening and collecting materials with particle sizes between R2 and R3. However, the filtration device easily collects particles with particle sizes between R2 and R3, which, when accumulated to a certain extent, leads to a decrease in collection efficiency or even malfunction. Timed automatic cleaning and collection is adopted, or the cleaning and collection program is initiated based on a drop in pressure at the discharge end to a certain level. The automatic cleaning and collection process is as follows: the operating condition is interrupted, switching to the cleaning and collection condition, with the discharge end facing the material cleaning and collection container; the central controller 7 issues adjustment commands to the feed end and discharge end stepper motors 5, keeping the feed end aperture constant at R3, while expanding the discharge end aperture to R3. Restart the filtration and screening device, or apply pressure and purge. Because the porous filter media automatically changes its pore size to R3 from the feed end to the discharge end, particles with a size of R2 to R3 are easily purged away and collected in the material collection container. Repeating the above operation effectively screens and collects materials with a particle size between R2 and R3 for further processing or application.

[0085] Step 6: Filtration, screening, and collection of materials with particle sizes between R3 and R4.

[0086] In the filtration and screening device applied through the aforementioned steps, all materials have a particle size greater than R3. Further, the central controller 7 is configured as follows: the stroke of the feed end clamp is adjusted so that the average aperture at the feed end is R4; the stroke of the discharge end clamp is adjusted so that the average aperture at the discharge end is R3; thus forming a gradually decreasing aperture screen from R4 to R3 from the feed end to the discharge end, thereby screening and collecting materials with particle sizes between R3 and R4. However, the filtration device easily collects particles with particle sizes between R3 and R4, which, when accumulated to a certain extent, leads to a decrease in collection efficiency or even malfunction. Timed automatic cleaning and collection is adopted, or the cleaning and collection program is initiated based on a drop in pressure at the discharge end to a certain level. The automatic cleaning and collection process is as follows: the operating condition is interrupted, switching to the cleaning and collection condition, with the discharge end facing the material cleaning and collection container; the central controller 7 issues adjustment commands to the feed end and discharge end stepper motors 5, keeping the feed end aperture at R4 unchanged, while expanding the discharge end aperture to R4. Restart the filtration and screening device, or apply pressure and purge. Because the porous filter media automatically changes its pore size to R4 from the feed end to the discharge end, particles with a size of R3 to R4 are easily purged away and collected in the material collection container. Repeating the above operation effectively screens and collects materials with a particle size between R3 and R4 for further processing or application.

[0087] Furthermore, the remaining material with a particle size greater than R4 can be returned for further crushing and the operations in steps four, five, and six above can be repeated to obtain different types of materials with particle sizes in three ranges: R1~R2, R2~R3, and R3~R4, for subsequent applications.

[0088] The filtration and screening device of this embodiment can be applied to the screening of stepped materials of different particle sizes. It is easy to accurately set and adjust the aperture of its feed end and discharge end, thereby effectively screening and collecting target materials within a specific particle size range of R1~R2, R2~R3, and R3~R4, realizing continuous or intermittent screening and processing of stepped materials of different particle sizes. It is simple and practical.

[0089] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, and substitutions made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filter sieving device with adjustable pore size, characterized in that, include: Elastic filter media (1) having an inlet end and an outlet end; A plurality of filter channels (2) are formed in the elastic filter material (1) for connecting the feed end and the discharge end; Two sets of strip clamps (3) are respectively fitted at the feed end and the discharge end; A tension adjustment structure acting on the corresponding band clamp (3); and a central controller (7) electrically connected to the tension adjustment structure; Several filter channels (2) are evenly distributed, and two adjacent filter channels (2) are set independently; The tension adjustment structure includes an adjustment buckle (4) fixedly installed on the elastic filter material (1), a stepper motor (5), and a rotating shaft (6) fixedly connected to the output end of the stepper motor (5). The adjusting buckle (4) has a frame structure, and one end of the strip clamp (3) is fixed to the adjusting buckle (4), while the other end is arranged through the adjusting buckle (4); The band clamp (3) passes through the end of the adjusting buckle (4) and the rotating shaft (6) for fixation.

2. The adjustable pore size filtering and sieving device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic filter material (1) has a positioning groove that is compatible with the strip clamp (3).

3. The adjustable pore size filtering and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central controller (7) is equipped with an pore size change equation. Based on the regularity of the change in clamp stroke and the change in filter material pore size, the least squares method is used to establish a regression formula between the two to obtain the pore size change equation.

4. A screening method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 develops a plan based on actual needs, which includes an average pore size of R for the porous elastic filter media and a collection particle size of R. o ~R i The materials, of which R i >R o ; S2 manufactures a porous elastic filter material with adjustable pore size according to the plan; S3 determined the variation law of porous elastic filter media and established the variation equation; S4. Construct and apply the filtration and screening device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3; S5 is set by the central controller (7) and the tension adjustment mechanism, controlling the aperture of the porous elastic filter material feed end to be R. i The discharge end aperture is R o At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R i Gradually changing and shrinking to the discharge end R o The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. o ~R i Materials; S6 is set by the central controller (7) and the tension adjustment mechanism to control the aperture of the porous elastic filter material feed end to R. o The discharge end aperture is R i At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R o The changes gradually expand to the discharge end R i The filtration and screening device is operated to screen particles with a diameter of R. i ~R o The material is then emptied.

5. The screening method according to claim 4, characterized in that, A porous elastic filter material with an average pore size of R is produced by using pre-embedded rods with a diameter of R through injection molding, extrusion molding, or casting.

6. The screening method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for establishing the variation equation is as follows: The porous elastic filter material made by S2 is made into a suitable size and shape, with the filter holes connected at both ends. Following the direction of the porous elastic filter material pores, a clamp is used to hold one end at a suitable position. The clamp is tightened with different forces, and the regularity of the change in clamp stroke and the change in filter material pore size is observed and recorded. The least squares method is used to establish a regression formula between the two, and the variation equation is constructed.

7. The screening method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When a stepped collection of particle size R is required o ~R p R p ~R q R q ~R i When dealing with materials, R o <R p <R q <R i ; The filtration and screening process is as follows: 1) R o ~R p Material collection and discharge: The central controller (7) and the tension adjustment mechanism are used to control the aperture of the porous elastic filter material feed end to R. p The discharge end aperture is R o At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R p Gradually changing and shrinking to the discharge end R o The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. o ~R p The material; the pore size at the feed end of the porous elastic filter material is controlled to be R. o The discharge end aperture is R p For particle size R o ~R p The materials are emptied; 2) R p ~R q Material collection and discharge: The central controller (7) and the tension adjustment mechanism are used to control the aperture of the porous elastic filter material feed end to R. q The discharge end aperture is R p At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R q Gradually changing and shrinking to the discharge end R p The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. p ~R q The material; the pore size at the feed end of the porous elastic filter material is controlled to be R. p The discharge end aperture is R q For particle size R p ~R q The materials are emptied; 3) R q ~R i Material collection and discharge: The central controller (7) and the tension adjustment mechanism are used to control the aperture of the porous elastic filter material feed end to R. i The discharge end aperture is R q At this time, the filter media pore size is from the feed end R i Gradually changing and shrinking to the discharge end R q The filtration and screening device was operated to collect particles with a diameter of R. q ~R i The material; the pore size at the feed end of the porous elastic filter material is controlled to be R. q The discharge end aperture is R i For particle size R q ~R i The material is then emptied.

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