A method and device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder

Abstract

The present application provides a method and device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder, the device comprising a feeding mechanism, a chlorination reactor, a discharging mechanism and a heat exchange system, wherein: the feeding mechanism is used to transport the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to the chlorination reactor; the chlorination reactor is connected to the discharging end of the feeding mechanism, and a turning mechanism and a chlorine feeding pipe are provided in the chlorination reactor, and the turning mechanism is used to turn over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder; the discharging mechanism is connected to the discharging end of the chlorination reactor, and is used to transport the chlorination reaction product of the chlorination reactor to an external storage container; the heat exchange system is connected to the chlorination reactor, and is used to adjust the temperature in the chlorination reactor. The present application adjusts and controls the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor by adjusting the heat exchange system and the chlorine feed amount, and then fully converts the valuable metals in the black powder into corresponding chlorination products to achieve efficient recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of valuable metal recovery from waste lithium batteries, and in particular to a method and device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder. Background Art

[0002] With the retirement of lithium iron phosphate batteries, since retired lithium iron phosphate batteries contain valuable metals such as iron and lithium, most existing technologies dismantle and crush the waste lithium iron phosphate batteries for recycling. At present, for the recycling of dismantled lithium iron phosphate battery black powder, in addition to the wet process and the pyroprocess, there is also the use of chlorine gas and battery black powder for chlorination reaction to recover the valuable metals in retired lithium iron phosphate batteries. The reaction of waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder and chlorine gas is an exothermic reaction, which will release a lot of heat during the reaction. However, in order to improve the recovery rate of valuable metals in waste lithium iron phosphate black powder, the reaction temperature of waste lithium iron phosphate battery black powder and chlorine gas needs to be controlled in a higher temperature environment and a lower temperature environment at the same time. When the reaction temperature needs to be controlled in a lower temperature environment, the temperature is too high and a large number of side reactions will occur, which will affect the final recovery rate of valuable metals in lithium iron phosphate battery black powder.

[0003] Publication No. CN115149134A discloses a device for high-temperature chlorination roasting of waste lithium batteries, including a chlorine reaction chamber, a water leaching kettle and a first solution collection chamber: the chlorine reaction chamber includes a chlorine atmosphere inlet, a waste lithium battery material inlet and a reactant outlet, the reactant outlet is connected to the water leaching kettle through a pipeline, and the water leaching kettle is connected to the first solution collection chamber through a pipeline, so that the product of the reaction between the waste lithium battery material and the chlorine enters the water leaching kettle for treatment and flows into the first solution collection chamber; the chlorine reaction chamber is also equipped with a first stirring device and an automatic heating device, the first stirring device is used to strengthen the reaction between the waste lithium battery material and the chlorine, and the pipeline connected to the chlorine atmosphere inlet is provided with a chlorine control valve for controlling the input of the chlorine atmosphere. Among them, the automatic heating device can better control the temperature during the roasting process, ensuring that the reaction temperature of the chlorine reaction chamber is within ±3°C of the preset temperature. The device can effectively control the reaction temperature in the chlorine reaction chamber in a high temperature environment, but it cannot control the reaction temperature in a low temperature environment.

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a method and device for effectively controlling the chlorination reaction temperature and thus realizing efficient recovery of valuable metals in waste lithium iron phosphate black powder. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application discloses a method and device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder. The method and device turn the black powder over by arranging a turning mechanism in the chlorination reactor so that the black powder can fully contact and react with chlorine. At the same time, the temperature in the chlorination reactor is effectively controlled by combining the control of the heat exchange system and the chlorine feed amount, so that the chlorination reaction is carried out under the set temperature conditions, thereby achieving efficient recovery of waste lithium iron phosphate black powder.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a method and device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder, including a feeding mechanism, a chlorination reactor, a discharging mechanism and a heat exchange system, wherein:

[0007] A feeding mechanism, which is used to transport waste lithium iron phosphate black powder into a chlorination reactor;

[0008] A chlorination reactor, wherein the chlorination reactor is connected to the discharge end of the feeding mechanism, and a turning mechanism and a chlorine feeding pipe are provided in the chlorination reactor, and the turning mechanism is used to turn over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder so that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder is fully in contact with the chlorine;

[0009] A discharge mechanism, the discharge mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the chlorination reactor and is used to transport the chlorination reaction product of the chlorination reactor to an external storage container;

[0010] A heat exchange system, which is connected to the chlorination reactor and is used to adjust the temperature in the chlorination reactor;

[0011] The chlorine feed amount in the chlorine feed pipe is adjusted in combination with the heat exchange medium temperature in the heat exchange system and the real-time temperature in the chlorination reactor, and the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor is adjusted and controlled by adjusting the chlorine feed amount, or the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor is adjusted and controlled by adjusting the chlorine feed amount and the heat exchange medium temperature, so as to fully convert the valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder into corresponding chlorination products.

[0012] In some embodiments, the feeding mechanism includes a raw material bin, a screw feeder and a first variable frequency motor, the outlet end of the raw material bin is connected to the inlet end of the screw feeder, the outlet end of the screw feeder is connected to the inlet end of the chlorination reactor, and the outer sides of the raw material bin and the screw feeder are provided with a first jacket connected to the heat exchange system, and the first variable frequency motor is connected to the screw feeder for adjusting the feed amount of the screw feeder.

[0013] In some embodiments, a stirring device, a first driving mechanism and a vibrator are provided in the raw material bin. The first driving mechanism is connected to the stirring device and is used to drive the stirring device to rotate so as to stir the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the raw material bin. The vibrator is used to transport the stirred waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to the screw feeder.

[0014] In some embodiments, the chlorination reactor includes a reaction cylinder, a feed end plate and a discharge end plate, the feed end of the reaction cylinder is sealed and connected to the feed end plate, the discharge end of the reaction cylinder is sealed and connected to the discharge end plate, the turning mechanism includes a stirring rod and a second driving mechanism, the stirring rod is rotatably connected to the feed end plate or the discharge end plate for turning over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the reaction cylinder, the second driving mechanism is connected to the stirring rod for driving the stirring rod to rotate, the discharge end of the reaction cylinder is connected to a first air inlet for introducing protective gas, the feed end of the reaction cylinder is connected to a first air outlet for exhausting tail gas, and the outside of the reaction cylinder is connected to a second jacket connected to a heat exchange system or the reaction cylinder is provided with a coil connected to the heat exchange system and staggered with the stirring rod.

[0015] In some embodiments, the discharging mechanism includes a screw discharging machine, a second variable frequency motor and a temporary storage bin, the second variable frequency motor is connected to the screw discharging machine for adjusting the discharge amount of the screw discharging machine, the inlet end of the screw discharging machine is connected to the outlet end of the chlorination reactor, the outlet end of the screw discharging machine is connected to the feed port of the temporary storage bin, and the outer side of the screw discharging machine is provided with a third jacket connected to the heat exchange system.

[0016] In some embodiments, the inlet end of the spiral discharging machine is connected to the outlet end of the reaction cylinder or the discharging end plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the material turning mechanism includes a screw conveyor and a second driving mechanism. The screw conveyor is connected to the feeding mechanism and is used to convey the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder conveyed by the feeding mechanism from the feeding end of the chlorination reactor to the discharging end of the chlorination reactor. The second driving mechanism is connected to the screw conveyor and is used to drive the screw conveyor to rotate, thereby adjusting and controlling the feeding amount of the screw conveyor.

[0018] In some embodiments, the chlorination reactor is further provided with a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is arranged in the reaction cylinder to detect the temperature in the reaction cylinder, and the second temperature sensor is arranged in the second jacket to detect the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second jacket.

[0019] In some embodiments, the heat exchange system includes a heat exchange device, which is connected to an external electric heating system and a circulating cooling water system for controlling the temperature of a heat exchange medium in the heat exchange device, the outlet end of the heat exchange device is connected to the inlet end of the third jacket, the outlet end of the third jacket is connected to the inlet end of the second jacket or the coil, the outlet end of the second jacket or the coil is connected to the inlet end of the first jacket, and the outlet end of the first jacket is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange device.

[0020] The present application also provides a method for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder. The method is based on the above-mentioned device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to recover valuable metals, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] S100, opening the heat exchange system to connect the heat exchange system to the chlorination reactor;

[0022] S200, transporting waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to a chlorination reactor through a feeding mechanism, and simultaneously introducing chlorine gas into the chlorination reactor through a chlorine feeding pipe;

[0023] S300, using a turning mechanism to turn over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the chlorination reactor so that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder is fully contacted with chlorine for reaction, and at the same time, adjusting the chlorine feed amount in real time in combination with the temperature in the chlorination reactor and the temperature of the heat exchange medium, and effectively controlling the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor based on the chlorine feed amount or the chlorine feed amount and the temperature of the heat exchange medium, so that the valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can be fully converted into corresponding chlorination products;

[0024] S400, transporting the chlorinated product to an external storage container through a discharging mechanism for subsequent material separation.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application sets a turning mechanism in the chlorination reactor, and turns the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder transported to the chlorination reactor in real time based on the turning structure, so that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can fully react with the introduced chlorine gas; since the products generated by the chlorination reaction of waste lithium iron phosphate black powder with chlorine at different temperatures are different, and the reaction of black powder with chlorine is an exothermic reaction, therefore, the present application effectively adjusts and controls the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor by adjusting the chlorine feed amount in real time or combining the heat exchange medium temperature and the chlorine feed amount, so that the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor can be adjusted to the required temperature range, so that the valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can be fully converted into corresponding chlorination products, thereby realizing efficient recovery of valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating some embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder provided by the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 2The schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding mechanism provided by the present application is shown.

[0029] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the structure of the chlorination reactor provided by the present application is shown.

[0030] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of the discharging mechanism provided by the present application is shown.

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder without the heat exchange system provided by the present application is shown.

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder without the heat exchange system provided by the present application is shown.

[0033] Figure 7 A flow chart of a method for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder provided by the present application is shown.

[0034] The reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows:

[0035] 1 Feed mechanism, 11 Raw material bin, 12 Screw feeder, 13 First variable frequency motor, 14 Stirring device, 15 First drive mechanism, 16 First jacket, 2 Chlorination reactor, 21 Reaction cylinder, 22 Feed end plate, 23 Stirring rod, 24 Second drive mechanism, 25 Discharge end plate, 26 First air inlet, 27 First air outlet, 28 Second jacket, 29 Chlorine feed pipe, 3 Discharge mechanism, 31 Screw discharger, 32 Second variable frequency motor, 33 Temporary storage bin, 34 Third jacket, 4 Heat exchange system, 5 First temperature sensor, 6 Second temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like appear to indicate the orientation or position relationship, unless otherwise specified, they are understood to be based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0037] In addition, if there is a feature defined as "first" or "second", it is only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the defined features. If the description of "plurality" appears, the general meaning is to include at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0038] In the description of this specification, if the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" appear, it means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0039] It should be noted that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder described in the embodiments of the present application includes pole piece powder scrapped during the production process of lithium iron phosphate batteries and battery powder after disassembling waste lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0040] See also Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder, comprising a feeding mechanism 1, a chlorination reactor 2, a discharging mechanism 3 and a heat exchange system 4, wherein:

[0041] A feeding mechanism 1, wherein the feeding mechanism 1 is used to transport waste lithium iron phosphate black powder into a chlorination reactor 2;

[0042] A chlorination reactor 2, wherein the chlorination reactor 2 is connected to the discharge end of the feeding mechanism 1, and a turning mechanism and a chlorine feeding pipe 29 are provided in the chlorination reactor 2, and the turning mechanism is used to turn over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder so that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder is fully in contact with the chlorine;

[0043] A discharge mechanism 3, wherein the discharge mechanism 3 is connected to the discharge end of the chlorination reactor 2 and is used to transport the chlorination reaction product of the chlorination reactor 2 to an external storage container;

[0044] A heat exchange system 4, wherein the heat exchange system 4 is connected to the chlorination reactor 2 and is used to adjust the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2;

[0045] The chlorine feed amount in the chlorine feed pipe 29 is adjusted in combination with the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange system 4 and the real-time temperature in the chlorination reactor 2, and then the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 is adjusted and controlled by adjusting the chlorine feed amount, or the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 is adjusted and controlled by adjusting the chlorine feed amount and the temperature of the heat exchange medium, so as to fully convert the valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder into corresponding chlorination products.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder is transported to the chlorination reactor 2 through the feeding mechanism 1. Under the action of the turning mechanism, the black powder is fully contacted with the chlorine gas introduced into the chlorination reactor 2, so that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can fully react with the chlorine gas. Since the reaction of chlorine gas and waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can release heat, in order to control the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 within the required temperature range, the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 can be effectively adjusted by controlling the chlorine feed amount or controlling the chlorine feed amount and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange system. Specifically, when the chlorine gas and the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder are in contact, the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can be fully reacted with the chlorine gas. When the lithium iron phosphate black powder does not react or reacts but releases less heat, at this time, the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 can be increased by using a heat exchange medium to exchange heat with the material in the chlorination reactor 2, thereby increasing the chlorination reaction rate; when chlorine reacts with waste lithium iron phosphate black powder and releases more heat, at this time, a part of the heat in the chlorination reactor 2 can be taken away by using a heat exchange medium or / and the chlorine feed amount can be reduced to reduce the chlorination reaction to reduce the heat released by the chlorination reaction, thereby reducing the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2, so that the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 is controlled within the desired range. Therefore, the present application can effectively control the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2, and can make the black powder fully contact with chlorine, ensuring that the valuable metals in the black powder are converted into corresponding chlorides as much as possible, effectively improving the final yield of valuable metals, and having the characteristics of low energy consumption and high recovery rate.

[0047] In the above embodiment, the chlorination reactor 2 can be one or more. When the number of the chlorination reactor 2 is more than two, the multiple chlorination reactors 2 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel connection. The specific selection can be made according to the actual situation.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the turning mechanism can be a stirring device or a throwing device. Any mechanism that can turn over the material in the chlorination reactor in real time so that the material can fully contact with the chlorine gas can be used. This embodiment uses a stirring device as an example for explanation.

[0049] See also Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the feeding mechanism 1 includes a raw material bin 11, a screw feeder 12 and a first variable frequency motor 13, the outlet end of the raw material bin 11 is connected to the inlet end of the screw feeder 12, the outlet end of the screw feeder 12 is connected to the inlet end of the chlorination reactor 2, and the outer sides of the raw material bin 11 and the screw feeder 12 are provided with a first jacket 16 connected to the heat exchange system 4, and the first variable frequency motor 13 is connected to the screw feeder 12 for adjusting the feed amount of the screw feeder 12.

[0050] In the above embodiment, black powder is transported from the outside to the raw material bin 11. Driven by the first variable frequency motor 13, the screw feeder 12 can adjust the feed amount of black powder in the chlorination reactor 2 in real time, thereby providing a guarantee for the continuous production of the entire operating system. At the same time, the first jacket 16 can utilize the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange system to preheat the material temperature of the black powder entering the chlorination reactor 2, thereby improving the efficiency of the chlorination reaction in the chlorination reactor 2 to a certain extent.

[0051] See also Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a stirring device 14, a first driving mechanism 15 and a vibrator (not shown in the figure) are provided in the raw material bin 11. The first driving mechanism 15 is connected to the stirring device 14 and is used to drive the stirring device 14 to rotate so as to stir the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the raw material bin 11. The vibrator is used to transport the stirred waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to the screw feeder 12.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the stirring device 14 may be a single-screw stirrer or a double-screw stirrer; the first driving mechanism 15 may be a driving motor.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the stirring device 14 is driven by the first driving mechanism 15 to stir the black powder in the raw material bin 11 so that the heat exchange medium in the first jacket 16 can fully exchange heat with the black powder in the raw material bin 11 .

[0054] See also Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the chlorination reactor 2 includes a reaction cylinder 21, a feed end plate 22 and a discharge end plate 25, the feed end of the reaction cylinder 21 is sealed and connected to the feed end plate 22, the discharge end of the reaction cylinder 21 is sealed and connected to the discharge end plate 25, the turning mechanism includes a stirring rod 23 and a second driving mechanism 24, the stirring rod 23 is rotatably connected to the feed end plate 22 or the discharge end plate 25 for stirring the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the reaction cylinder 21, the second driving mechanism 24 is connected to the stirring rod 23 for driving the stirring rod 23 to rotate to turn the material, the discharge end of the reaction cylinder 21 is connected to a first air inlet 26 for introducing protective gas, the feed end of the reaction cylinder 21 is connected to a first air outlet 27 for exhausting tail gas, and the outside of the reaction cylinder 21 is connected to a second jacket 28 connected to the heat exchange system 4 or the reaction cylinder 21 is provided with a coil connected to the heat exchange system 4 and staggered with the stirring rod 23.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the stirring rod 23 is connected with a stirring blade for driving the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the chlorination reactor 2 to turn over. The stirring rod 23 can be rotatably set on the feed end plate 22, or can be rotatably set on the discharge end plate 25, or can be rotatably set on the feed end plate 22 and the discharge end plate 25 at the same time. In the embodiment of the present application, the two ends of the stirring rod 23 are rotatably set on the feed end plate 22 and the discharge end plate 25 respectively through bearings, and one end of the stirring rod 23 passes through the corresponding end plate and is fixedly connected to the driving end of the second driving mechanism 24.

[0056] In the above embodiment, a second jacket 28 can be connected to the outside of the reaction cylinder 21, or a coil that will not conflict with the stirring rod 23 during stirring can be set on the inside of the reaction cylinder 21. Based on the connection between the heat exchange system 4 and the second jacket 28 or the coil, effective heat exchange can be achieved between the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange system 4 and the black powder material in the reaction cylinder 21.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the first gas inlet 26 and the chlorine gas feed pipe 29 are arranged in parallel at the discharge end of the reaction cylinder 21, and the protective gas can be an inert gas such as nitrogen, helium, argon, etc.

[0058] See also Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the discharging mechanism 3 includes a screw discharging machine 31, a second variable frequency motor 32 and a temporary storage bin 33, the second variable frequency motor 32 is connected to the screw discharging machine 31 for adjusting the discharge amount of the screw discharging machine 31, the inlet end of the screw discharging machine 31 is connected to the outlet end of the chlorination reactor 2, the outlet end of the screw discharging machine 31 is connected to the feed port of the temporary storage bin 33, and the outer side of the screw discharging machine 31 is provided with a third jacket 34 connected to the heat exchange system 4.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the screw discharging machine 31 is driven by the second variable frequency motor 32, so that the discharge amount of the screw discharging machine 31 can be controlled. Based on the control of the feed amount of the screw feeder 12 and the control of the discharge amount of the screw discharging machine 31, the processing amount of the black powder material in the chlorination reactor 2 can be accurately controlled. At the same time, based on the third jacket 34, the material temperature in the discharging mechanism 3 can be adjusted and controlled, which provides a guarantee for the efficient recovery of valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder.

[0060] In some embodiments, the inlet end of the spiral discharging machine 31 is connected to the outlet end of the reaction cylinder 21 or the discharging end plate 25 .

[0061] In the above embodiment, the inlet end of the spiral discharging machine 31 can be connected to the outlet end of the reaction cylinder 21 to realize the discharging of the black powder material in the chlorination reactor 2, or the inlet end of the spiral discharging machine 31 can be connected to the discharge port opened on the discharge end plate 25 to realize the discharging of the black powder material in the chlorination reactor 2.

[0062] In some embodiments, sealing devices are provided between the stirring rod 23 and the feed end plate 22 and between the stirring rod 23 and the discharge end plate 25. The sealing devices may be mechanical seals, packing seals, labyrinth seals, or combinations thereof.

[0063] In some embodiments, the material turning mechanism includes a screw conveyor (not shown in the figure) and a second driving mechanism 15. The screw conveyor is connected to the feeding mechanism 1 and is used to convey the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder conveyed by the feeding mechanism 1 from the feeding end of the chlorination reactor 2 to the discharging end of the chlorination reactor 2. The second driving mechanism 15 is connected to the screw conveyor and is used to drive the screw conveyor to rotate, thereby adjusting and controlling the feeding amount of the screw conveyor.

[0064] In the above embodiment, a screw feeder is provided to replace the stirring rod 23, which can adopt a variable frequency speed regulation mode, and the feeding amount of the screw feeder is adjusted by the second driving mechanism 15, thereby assisting in regulating the chlorination reaction in the chlorination reactor 2 to control the heat released by the chlorination reaction. Moreover, the screw feeder can also maintain the balance of the input and output of the chlorination reactor 2, which provides a prerequisite for the continuous operation of the device.

[0065] In some embodiments, the chlorination reactor 2 is further provided with a first temperature sensor 5 and a second temperature sensor 6. The first temperature sensor 5 is arranged in the reaction cylinder 21 to detect the temperature in the reaction cylinder 21, and the second temperature sensor 6 is arranged in the second jacket 28 to detect the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second jacket 28.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the first temperature sensor 5 and the second temperature sensor 6 can be set to multiple. Based on the temperatures measured by the first temperature sensor 5 and the second temperature sensor 6, the chlorine feed amount of the chlorine feed pipe 29 is adjusted in real time to achieve effective control of the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2.

[0067] In some embodiments, the heat exchange system 4 includes a heat exchange device, which is connected to an external electric heating system and a circulating cooling water system for controlling the temperature of a heat exchange medium in the heat exchange device. The outlet end of the heat exchange device is connected to the inlet end of the third jacket 34, the outlet end of the third jacket 34 is connected to the inlet end of the second jacket 28 or the coil, the outlet end of the second jacket 28 or the coil is connected to the inlet end of the first jacket 16, and the outlet end of the first jacket 16 is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange device.

[0068] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the electric heating system and the circulating cooling water system are used to control the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange device, thereby realizing the regulation and control of the temperature of each device.

[0069] See also Figure 7 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder. The method is based on the above-mentioned device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to recover valuable metals, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] S100, opening the heat exchange system 4 to connect the heat exchange system 4 to the chlorination reactor 2;

[0071] S200, transporting waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to the chlorination reactor 2 through the feeding mechanism 1, and at the same time introducing chlorine gas into the chlorination reactor 2 through the chlorine feeding pipe 29;

[0072] S300, using a turning mechanism to turn over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the chlorination reactor 2 so that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder is fully contacted with the chlorine gas for reaction, and at the same time, adjusting the chlorine feed amount in real time in combination with the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 and the temperature of the heat exchange medium, and effectively controlling the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 based on the chlorine feed amount or the chlorine feed amount and the temperature of the heat exchange medium, so that the valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can be fully converted into corresponding chlorination products;

[0073] S400, the chlorinated product is transported to an external storage container through the discharging mechanism 3 for subsequent material separation.

[0074] In the above embodiment, when the chlorine gas and the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder do not undergo an exothermic chlorination reaction or the heat released is insufficient to make the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 reach a preset temperature value, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange system 4 is used to exchange heat with the medium in the chlorination reactor 2 to increase the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2, thereby increasing the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2, so as to improve the reaction efficiency of the chlorination reaction; when the chlorination reaction of the chlorine gas and the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder releases a lot of heat and makes the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 exceed the preset temperature value, at this time, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange system 4 can be used to take away part of the heat in the chlorination reactor 2 or the chlorination reaction in the chlorination reactor 2 can be reduced by the heat exchange medium and controlling the chlorine feed amount, so that the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 can be adjusted to the desired range, so that the valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can be fully converted into corresponding chlorination products, thereby realizing efficient recovery of valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder.

[0075] In the above-mentioned method for efficiently recovering valuable metals, the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 can be effectively controlled by combining the temperature of the heat exchange medium and the chlorine feed amount. For example, when the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 is high, the chlorine feed amount in the chlorine feed pipe 29 is reduced while the temperature of the heat exchange medium is reduced. The reduction of the temperature of the heat exchange medium can take away more heat in the chlorination reactor 2. The reduction of the chlorine feed amount can reduce the chlorination reaction between chlorine and waste lithium iron phosphate black powder, thereby reducing the heat released by the chlorination reaction, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2. The temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 can also be adjusted and controlled by first using the temperature of the heat exchange medium. When the temperature of the heat exchange medium is not enough to adjust the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2, the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 is adjusted and controlled by reducing the chlorine feed amount. For example, the temperature of the heat exchange medium is first set to a constant temperature value, that is, the heat that can be taken away by the heat exchange medium is relatively constant. When the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 is too high, the temperature of the heat exchange medium is not enough to adjust the temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 within the required range. At this time, the purpose of controlling the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor 2 can be achieved by reducing the chlorine feed amount.

[0076] The above is a detailed introduction to a method and device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder provided by the present application. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder, characterized in that: It includes a feeding mechanism, a chlorination reactor, a discharging mechanism and a heat exchange system, wherein: A feeding mechanism, which is used to transport waste lithium iron phosphate black powder into a chlorination reactor; A chlorination reactor, wherein the chlorination reactor is connected to the discharge end of the feeding mechanism, and a turning mechanism and a chlorine feeding pipe are provided in the chlorination reactor, and the turning mechanism is used to turn over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder so that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder is fully in contact with the chlorine; A discharge mechanism, the discharge mechanism is connected to the discharge end of the chlorination reactor and is used to transport the chlorination reaction product of the chlorination reactor to an external storage container; A heat exchange system, the heat exchange system is connected to the chlorination reactor and is used to adjust the temperature in the chlorination reactor. The heat exchange system includes a heat exchange device, the heat exchange device is connected to the external electric heating system and the circulating cooling water system to control the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange device, the outlet end of the heat exchange device is connected to the inlet end of the third jacket, the outlet end of the third jacket is connected to the inlet end of the second jacket or the coil, the outlet end of the second jacket or the coil is connected to the inlet end of the first jacket, and the outlet end of the first jacket is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchange device; The chlorine feed amount in the chlorine feed pipe is adjusted in combination with the heat exchange medium temperature in the heat exchange system and the real-time temperature in the chlorination reactor, and the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor is adjusted and controlled by adjusting the chlorine feed amount, or the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor is adjusted and controlled by adjusting the chlorine feed amount and the heat exchange medium temperature, so as to fully convert the valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder into corresponding chlorination products.

2. The device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes a raw material bin, a screw feeder and a first variable frequency motor. The outlet end of the raw material bin is connected to the inlet end of the screw feeder, and the outlet end of the screw feeder is connected to the inlet end of the chlorination reactor. The outer sides of the raw material bin and the screw feeder are both provided with a first jacket connected to the heat exchange system. The first variable frequency motor is connected to the screw feeder for adjusting the feed amount of the screw feeder.

3. The device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The raw material bin is provided with a stirring device, a first driving mechanism and a vibrator. The first driving mechanism is connected to the stirring device and is used to drive the stirring device to rotate so as to stir the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the raw material bin. The vibrator is used to transport the stirred waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to the screw feeder.

4. The device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The chlorination reactor comprises a reaction cylinder, a feed end plate and a discharge end plate, the feed end of the reaction cylinder is sealed and connected to the feed end plate, the discharge end of the reaction cylinder is sealed and connected to the discharge end plate, the turning mechanism comprises a stirring rod and a second driving mechanism, the stirring rod is rotatably connected to the feed end plate or the discharge end plate for turning over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the reaction cylinder, the second driving mechanism is connected to the stirring rod for driving the stirring rod to rotate, the discharge end of the reaction cylinder is connected to a first air inlet for introducing protective gas, the feed end of the reaction cylinder is connected to a first air outlet for exhausting tail gas, and the outside of the reaction cylinder is connected to a second jacket connected to a heat exchange system or a coil connected to the heat exchange system and staggered with the stirring rod is provided in the reaction cylinder.

5. The device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The discharging mechanism includes a spiral discharging machine, a second variable frequency motor and a temporary storage bin. The second variable frequency motor is connected to the spiral discharging machine for adjusting the discharging amount of the spiral discharging machine. The inlet end of the spiral discharging machine is connected to the outlet end of the chlorination reactor. The outlet end of the spiral discharging machine is connected to the feed port of the temporary storage bin. A third jacket connected to the heat exchange system is provided on the outer side of the spiral discharging machine.

6. The device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The inlet end of the spiral discharging machine is communicated with the outlet end of the reaction cylinder or the discharging end plate.

7. The device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The material turning mechanism includes a screw conveyor and a second driving mechanism. The screw conveyor is connected to the feeding mechanism and is used to convey the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder conveyed by the feeding mechanism from the feeding end of the chlorination reactor to the discharging end of the chlorination reactor. The second driving mechanism is connected to the screw conveyor and is used to drive the screw conveyor to rotate, thereby adjusting and controlling the feeding amount of the screw conveyor.

8. The device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The chlorination reactor is also provided with a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor. The first temperature sensor is arranged in the reaction cylinder to detect the temperature of the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the reaction cylinder, and the second temperature sensor is arranged in the second jacket to detect the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the second jacket.

9. A method for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder, characterized in that: The method is based on the device for efficiently recovering valuable metals from waste lithium iron phosphate black powder according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and specifically comprises the following steps: S100, opening the heat exchange system to connect the heat exchange system to the chlorination reactor; S200, transporting waste lithium iron phosphate black powder to a chlorination reactor through a feeding mechanism, and simultaneously introducing chlorine gas into the chlorination reactor through a chlorine feeding pipe; S300, using a turning mechanism to turn over the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder in the chlorination reactor so that the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder is fully contacted with chlorine for reaction, and at the same time, adjusting the chlorine feed amount in real time in combination with the temperature in the chlorination reactor and the temperature of the heat exchange medium, and effectively controlling the reaction temperature in the chlorination reactor based on the chlorine feed amount or the chlorine feed amount and the temperature of the heat exchange medium, so that the valuable metals in the waste lithium iron phosphate black powder can be fully converted into corresponding chlorination products; S400, transporting the chlorinated product to an external storage container through a discharging mechanism for subsequent material separation.

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