Method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding river crabs under a photovoltaic panel. The method specifically comprises the following steps: S1, site selection and transformation of a pond; s2, constructing a photovoltaic panel; s3, preparation management is carried out before juvenile crab putting; s4, crab seed putting; s5, breeding management; s6, catching adult crabs. The invention relates to the technical field of river crab breeding. According to the method for breeding the river crabs under the photovoltaic panels, the photovoltaic panels are pointedly built in the pond, meanwhile, the aquatic plants are planted in a scientific range, and the Chinese herbal medicine agents are added in the breeding process of the river crabs, so that the power generation amount of the photovoltaic panels is guaranteed, the survival rate of the river crabs is remarkably increased, and the morbidity is reduced; water dissolved oxygen is not affected, the biological self-cleaning capacity is improved, then the survival rate and yield of the river crabs are increased, the breeding yield is increased, the breeding survival rate of the river crabs can reach 90% or above, and meanwhile the fishing operation of the river crabs is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of river crab breeding, and in particular to a method for breeding river crabs under a photovoltaic panel. Background Art

[0002] my country is the world's largest aquaculture country, with an aquaculture area of ​​5.75 million hectares, of which 4.41 million hectares are freshwater aquaculture, accounting for 45% of the total inland water area of ​​the country excluding rivers. The development mode of combining photovoltaic power generation with aquaculture is a new development direction in recent years. Use the surface of fish ponds or tidal flats to support photovoltaic modules for power generation. Install photovoltaic modules on the abundant aquaculture water surface to generate electricity, forming an innovative development model of "generating electricity on top and raising fish on the bottom", which can fully utilize space and save land resources, and use photovoltaic power stations to regulate the aquaculture environment, optimize regional energy structure, improve the environment, stabilize water temperature changes, reduce the adverse effects of high temperature on aquatic animals, increase unit fish pond output, increase production and income, and achieve field sharing in aquaculture and photovoltaic industries.

[0003] River crab, scientifically known as Chinese mitten crab, is a crustacean and a type of cold-blooded animal. It is sensitive to water temperature and has a suitable temperature range of 18℃ to 25℃. During the high temperature period (July to August), water quality will deteriorate, diseases will occur frequently, and appetite will decrease. The installation of photovoltaic panels can effectively reduce water temperature and avoid risks.

[0004] However, long-term and large-scale shading will affect the photosynthetic efficiency of aquatic plants and phytoplankton, leading to a decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water and a weakening of the biological self-purification ability. In addition, photovoltaic panels are fixed on the water surface in the form of columns, which increases the difficulty of feeding, fishing, and dredging river crabs, making it impossible for many machines to operate in the pond. For this reason, it is particularly important to change the traditional aquaculture management method.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a river crab farming method under the photovoltaic fishery model. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels, which solves the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention implements a method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels through the following technical scheme, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Pond site selection and renovation:

[0009] Select a pond with sufficient water source, good water quality, no pollution sources nearby, good water retention and ventilation, and a flat bottom, and install escape prevention, burrow prevention and oxygenation facilities in the pond;

[0010] S2. Photovoltaic panel installation: installing a plurality of pile foundations in the pond, on which photovoltaic modules are rotatably connected, the photovoltaic modules including photovoltaic panels, and the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panels does not exceed 50% of the total area of ​​the pond;

[0011] S3. Preparation and management before crab seedling release:

[0012] The pond is cleaned and disinfected before stocking, and then aquatic plants are planted in the pond;

[0013] S4. Crab seed placement:

[0014] In mid-March, healthy crablets are released into the pond at a specification of 0.3-0.5 g / crab (for example, 0.3 g / crab, 0.4 g / crab, 0.5 g / crab or other values ​​within the range) and a release amount of 1 kg-2 kg / acre (for example, 1 kg / acre, 1.5 kg / acre, 2 g / acre or other values ​​within the range), and are caught and sold from mid-to-late May. Then, in mid-to-late June, healthy crablets are released into the pond at a specification of 6-8 g / crab (for example, 6 g / crab, 7 g / crab, 8 g / crab or other values ​​within the range) and a release amount of 360 crablets / acre;

[0015] S5. Farming management: Choose special feed for river crabs, feed 1-2 times a day, and control water quality and prevent diseases and pests;

[0016] S6. Harvesting of adult crabs: When the breeding is completed, the adult crabs are harvested and sold.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, the suitable area of ​​the pond is 20-40 mu, the soil is loam or clay, the pond is 1.5 m deep, the silt is 10 cm-15 cm (for example, it can be 10 cm, 11 cm, 12 cm, 13 cm, 14 cm, 15 cm or other values ​​within this range), a crab ridge is built around the pond, the crab ridge is 1 m wide, 1 m higher than the pond bottom, the pond ridge slope is 1:1.2-2, and the escape prevention facility is an escape prevention film, and the escape prevention film is preferably a PE film.

[0018] Preferably, in step S2, the pile foundations are arranged in rows and / or columns, and the spacing between the pile foundation columns is not less than 4m, the spacing between the rows is not less than 8m, and the distance between the lowest point of the photovoltaic module and the water surface is not less than 2m.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the aquatic plants are planted in the non-shading area of ​​the photovoltaic panel and in rows with a row spacing of 8m-10m and a plant spacing of 4m-5m, and the aquatic plants include Elodea and Hydrilla verticillata.

[0020] Preferably, the Elodea and Hydrilla verticillata are planted in stages, the Elodea is planted in January-February, and the Hydrilla verticillata is planted in April-May. During planting, the water level in the pond is 15cm-25cm. After planting, water is added to 25cm-45cm.

[0021] Preferably, the crabs released in step S4 are required to be of uniform size, complete appendages, free from disease and injury, strong physique, and strong mobility.

[0022] Preferably, the water quality control in step S5 includes regular bottom disinfection, bacterial and algae cultivation, and water fertilization, so that the water transparency is maintained between 35cm-45cm, the pH value is 7.0-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 5mg / L-7mg / L; preferably, in spring, the pond water level is maintained between 0.45-0.55m; in summer, the pond water level is maintained above 1.5m.

[0023] Preferably, in step S5, the pest control includes: adding Chinese herbal medicine to the pond every other week, and the amount of the Chinese herbal medicine added is 0.5-0.7% of the total weight of the special feed for river crabs fed on that day; preferably, in parts by weight, the Chinese herbal medicine contains the following components: 10 parts of licorice, 4 parts of mulberry leaves, 3 parts of Polygonum multiflorum, 4 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 15 parts of Isatis indigotica, and 3 parts of Astragalus polysaccharide.

[0024] Preferably, the adult crabs in step S6 are caught and sold from September to October, and the fishing tools are sling cages and long ground cages. The sling cages are arranged in the non-photovoltaic area around the pond, and the bridles are hung on wooden stakes, 20cm-30cm above the water surface; the long ground cages are arranged in the photovoltaic area in the middle of the pond, laid parallel to the photovoltaic pile foundation, with both ends suspended on wooden stakes, and the bridles are 40cm-45cm above the water surface.

[0025] Beneficial Effects

[0026] The present invention provides a method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] Beneficial effects:

[0028] The method of breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels specifically builds photovoltaic panels in the pond, plants aquatic plants within a scientific range, and adds Chinese herbal medicines during the breeding process of river crabs. While ensuring the power generation of photovoltaic panels, the survival rate of river crabs is significantly improved and the morbidity rate is reduced. It will not affect the dissolved oxygen in the water body and the improvement of biological self-purification capacity, thereby improving the survival rate and yield of river crabs, thereby increasing the breeding output. The survival rate of river crabs can reach more than 90%, and the operation of catching river crabs is also simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides three technical solutions: specifically including the following embodiments:

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1. Pond site selection and renovation:

[0035] Choose a pond with sufficient water source, good water quality, no pollution sources nearby, good water retention and ventilation, and a flat bottom, and install escape prevention, burrow prevention and oxygenation facilities in the pond;

[0036] S2. Photovoltaic panel installation: several pile foundations are installed in the pond, and photovoltaic modules are rotatably connected to the pile foundations. The photovoltaic modules include photovoltaic panels, and the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panels does not exceed 50% of the total area of ​​the pond;

[0037] S3. Preparation and management before crab seedling release:

[0038] Before stocking, the pond should be cleaned and disinfected, and then aquatic plants should be planted in the pond. Live snails should be added to the pond twice. The small snails are rich in protein and calcium, which can provide active protein bait for the young crabs. The live snails should be added again in June-August. The two times of adding can prevent the water quality from being thin in the early stage due to a large amount of one-time addition.

[0039] The pond is desilted and disinfected with quicklime; the amount of quicklime used is 120kg / mu; the quicklime is dissolved and evenly sprinkled in the pond, and then the bottom mud is evenly raked to achieve sterilization and disinfection. After disinfection, a small amount of water is added to 30cm-40cm, and then basal fertilizer is applied to improve water quality and maintain transparency between 35cm-45cm; the basal fertilizer is fermented organic fertilizer, and the amount used is 150kg / mu.

[0040] S4. Crab seed placement:

[0041] In mid-March, healthy crablets are released into the pond at a weight of 0.3-0.5g / piece and a release amount of 1kg-2kg / mu. They are caught and sold from mid-to-late May. Then, in mid-to-late June, healthy crablets are released into the pond at a weight of 6-8g / piece and a release amount of 360 / mu. The released crablets are required to have uniform specifications, complete appendages, no disease or injury, strong physique, and strong mobility. The time for releasing the crablets is chosen on a sunny morning. The specific release method is: after the released crablets arrive at the pond, they are gently placed in the shallow water on the shore to allow them to crawl into the pond by themselves. If some of the crablets cannot crawl into the water by themselves, it proves that the crablets are unhealthy and these unhealthy crablets can be directly removed.

[0042] S5. Farming management: Choose special feed for river crabs, feed 1-2 times a day, and control water quality and prevent diseases and pests;

[0043] The feeding is carried out in stages. In the juvenile crab stage, 7% of the total weight of the crabs in the pond are fed every day; in the middle crab stage, 4% of the total weight of the crabs in the pond are fed every day; in the crab stage, 2% of the total weight of the crabs in the pond are fed every day.

[0044] S6. Harvesting of adult crabs: When the breeding is completed, the adult crabs are harvested and sold.

[0045] In step S1, the suitable area of ​​the pond is 20-40 mu, the soil is loam or clay, the pond is 1.5m deep, the silt is 10cm-15cm, a crab ridge is built around the pond, the width of the crab ridge is 1m, 1m higher than the bottom of the pond, the slope of the pond ridge is 1:1.2-2, and a calcium plastic fence is specifically used. The operation method is as follows: bury the calcium plastic board in the soil around the ridge for 20cm and compact it, and fix it with wooden stakes at intervals of 1m. The above-mentioned anti-escape facility is an anti-escape film, and the anti-escape film is preferably a PE film. The installation steps of the anti-escape film are as follows:

[0046] A small groove with a depth of 30 cm is dug on the pond stalk, a 90 cm long bamboo pole is inserted every 3 m, a rope is tied to the bamboo pole, and then the 50 cm high anti-escape film is hung on the rope, 30 cm on each side, fixed with paper clips, the lowest part of the anti-escape film is placed in the small groove and covered with soil.

[0047] In step S2, the pile foundations are arranged in rows and / or columns, and the distance between pile foundation columns is not less than 4m, the distance between rows is not less than 8m, and the distance between the lowest point of the photovoltaic module and the water surface is not less than 2m.

[0048] In step S3, aquatic plants are planted in the non-shading area of ​​the photovoltaic panel and in rows with a row spacing of 8m-10m and a plant spacing of 4m-5m. The aquatic plants include Elodea and Hydrilla verticillata. Elodea and Hydrilla verticillata are planted in stages. Elodea is planted in January and February, and Hydrilla verticillata is planted in April and May. During planting, the water level in the pond is 15cm-25cm. After planting, water is added to 25cm-45cm.

[0049] The water quality control in step S5 includes regular bottom disinfection, bacterial and algae cultivation, and water fertilization, so that the water transparency is maintained between 35cm-45cm, the pH value is 7.0-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 5mg / L-7mg / L; preferably, in spring, the pond water level is maintained between 0.45-0.55m; in summer, the pond water level is maintained above 1.5m.

[0050] In step S5, pest control includes: adding Chinese herbal medicine to the pond every other week, and the amount of the Chinese herbal medicine added is 0.5-0.7% of the total weight of the special feed for river crabs fed on that day; in terms of weight, the Chinese herbal medicine contains the following components: 10 parts of licorice, 4 parts of mulberry leaves, 3 parts of Polygonum multiflorum, 4 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 15 parts of Isatis indigotica, and 3 parts of Astragalus polysaccharide.

[0051] The adult crabs in step S6 are caught and sold from September to October. The fishing tools include sling cages and long ground cages. The sling cages are placed in the non-photovoltaic area around the pond, with the bridles hung on wooden stakes, 20cm-30cm above the water surface. The long ground cages are placed in the photovoltaic area in the middle of the pond, parallel to the photovoltaic pile foundation, for easy operation by electric push boats. Both ends are hung on wooden stakes, with the bridles 40cm-45cm above the water surface.

[0052] At the end of the breeding, the survival rate of river crabs was 93.5%, there was almost no disease, and the yield of river crabs was 200kg / mu.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that, in step S2, Elodea and Hydrilla verticillata are selected and planted simultaneously in January and February.

[0055] At the end of the breeding, the survival rate of river crabs was 90.6%, there was almost no disease, and the yield of river crabs was 195kg / mu.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The method of river crab farming under photovoltaic panels is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that in step S2, the live snails are released all at once in March and April.

[0058] At the end of the breeding, the survival rate of river crabs was 90.8%, there was almost no disease, and the yield of river crabs was 185kg / mu.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The method of cultivating river crabs under photovoltaic panels using the method in the above-mentioned comparative example 1 is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the process of building the photovoltaic panels in step S2 is missing.

[0061] At the end of the breeding period, the survival rate of river crabs was 75%, with a small amount of disease. The yield of river crabs was 148kg / mu.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that in step S2, the spacing between the pile columns is 2m and the spacing between the rows is 5m.

[0064] The method in the above comparative example 2 was adopted to culture river crabs. At the end of the culture, the survival rate of river crabs was 82%, the yield of river crabs was 165 kg / mu, and the power generation of the photovoltaic panels was equivalent to that in Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] The method of breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that in step S3, the step of planting aquatic plants is missing.

[0067] The method in the comparative example 2 was adopted to culture river crabs. At the end of the culture, the survival rate of river crabs was 65%, and the yield of river crabs was 135 kg / mu.

[0068] In summary, it can be seen from the above results that when the methods in Examples 1-3 are used to culture river crabs, the survival rate of river crabs is above 90%, and the yield reaches above 180 kg / mu, which has high economic value. The river crabs cultured in Example 1 have the highest survival rate and the highest yield, and are the preferred option; the other two options are both acceptable.

[0069] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0070] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0071] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Pond site selection and renovation: Select a pond with sufficient water source, good water quality, no pollution sources nearby, good water retention and ventilation, and a flat bottom, and install escape prevention, burrow prevention and oxygenation facilities in the pond; S2. Photovoltaic panel installation: installing a plurality of pile foundations in the pond, on which photovoltaic modules are rotatably connected, the photovoltaic modules including photovoltaic panels, and the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panels does not exceed 50% of the total area of ​​the pond; S3. Preparation and management before crab seedling release: The pond is cleaned and disinfected before stocking, and then aquatic plants are planted in the pond; S4. Crab seed placement: In mid-March, healthy crab larvae are released into the pond at a weight of 0.3-0.5 g / piece and a release amount of 1 kg-2 kg / acre. They are caught and sold from mid-to-late May. Then, healthy crab larvae are released into the pond at a weight of 6-8 g / piece and a release amount of 360 crabs / acre in mid-to-late June. S5. Farming management: Choose special feed for river crabs, feed 1-2 times a day, and control water quality and prevent diseases and insect pests; S6. Harvesting of adult crabs: When the breeding is completed, the adult crabs are harvested and sold.

2. The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the suitable area of ​​the pond is 20-40 mu, the soil is loam or clay, the pond is 1.5m deep, the silt is 10cm-15cm, a crab ridge is built around the pond, the crab ridge is 1m wide, 1m higher than the pond bottom, the slope of the pond ridge is 1:1.2-2, and the escape prevention facility is an escape prevention film, and the escape prevention film is preferably a PE film.

3. The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the pile foundations are arranged in rows and / or columns, and the distance between the pile foundation columns is not less than 4m, the distance between the rows is not less than 8m, and the distance between the lowest point of the photovoltaic module and the water surface is not less than 2m.

4. The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the aquatic plants are planted in the non-shading area of ​​the photovoltaic panel and in rows, with a row spacing of 8m-10m and a plant spacing of 4m-5m. The aquatic plants include Elodea and Hydrilla verticillata.

5. The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Elodea and Hydrilla verticillata are preferably planted in stages, the Elodea is planted in January-February, and the Hydrilla verticillata is planted in April-May. During planting, the water level in the pond is 15cm-25cm. After planting, water is added to 25cm-45cm.

6. The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crabs released in step S4 are required to be of uniform size, complete appendages, free from disease or injury, strong physique, and strong mobility.

7. The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality control in step S5 includes regular bottom disinfection, bacterial and algae cultivation, and water fertilization, so that the water transparency is maintained between 35cm-45cm, the pH value is 7.0-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 5mg / L-7mg / L; preferably, in spring, the pond water level is maintained between 0.45-0.55m; in summer, the pond water level is maintained above 1.5m.

8. The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the pest control includes: adding Chinese herbal medicine to the pond every other week, and the amount of the Chinese herbal medicine added is 0.5-0.7% of the total weight of the special feed for river crabs fed on that day; preferably, the Chinese herbal medicine contains the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of licorice, 4 parts of mulberry leaves, 3 parts of Polygonum multiflorum, 4 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 15 parts of Isatis indigotica, and 3 parts of Astragalus polysaccharide.

9. The method for breeding river crabs under photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adult crabs in step S6 are caught and sold from September to October, and the fishing tools include sling cages and long ground cages. The sling cages are placed in the non-photovoltaic area around the pond, with the cage heads hung on wooden stakes, 20cm-30cm above the water surface. The long ground cages are placed in the photovoltaic area in the middle of the pond, laid parallel to the photovoltaic pile foundations, with both ends hung on wooden stakes, and the cage heads 40cm-45cm above the water surface.

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