Quinoa grain peeling method and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a chenopodium quinoa willd grain peeling method and equipment, and relates to the technical field of food processing, and the method comprises the following steps: screening chenopodium quinoa willd grains; performing ultrasonic effect and mechanical stirring treatment on the screened chenopodium quinoa willd grains; performing drying treatment on the chenopodium quinoa willd grains subjected to the ultrasonic stirring treatment; performing kneading and peeling treatment on the dried quinoa grains; and carrying out air suction separation treatment on the chenopodium quinoa willd grains subjected to kneading and peeling treatment. According to the peeling method disclosed by the invention, the consumption of water resources and the pollution to the environment are reduced, the chenopodium quinoa willd grains are prevented from being damaged and broken due to excessive grinding in pursuit of peeling efficiency, and the quality and the integrity of products are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of food processing technology, and in particular to a method and equipment for peeling quinoa seeds. Background Art

[0002] Quinoa, as a complete nutritious food, is gradually gaining favor among consumers. It is rich in protein, dietary fiber, fat, vitamins and various mineral elements, and has a balanced ratio of amino acids, which can meet all the amino acids required by the human body. However, the epidermis of quinoa grains contains a large amount of bitter saponins, which makes quinoa less palatable. At the same time, saponins are considered to be the most anti-nutritional factor in quinoa grains. Excessive consumption will not only affect the absorption of minerals and proteins, but may also be toxic to the human body. Therefore, quinoa needs to be peeled in the food processing technology of quinoa.

[0003] At present, the main methods for quinoa peeling in the market are dry and wet peeling. In addition, there are other methods such as germination, fermentation and heat treatment. Dry peeling mainly adopts mechanical grinding, but the saponin removal is not thorough in this method, the saponin content is higher than the international standard, the broken rice rate is high, and the loss rate is large; wet peeling mainly adopts water immersion, using alkaline water to wash quinoa, but this method consumes a lot of water and pollutes the environment. Long-term soaking will also cause quinoa grains to germinate, resulting in a large loss of nutrients; the germination method can cause a large amount of quinoa grain epidermis to fall off, thereby reducing the saponin content, but this method not only affects the appearance of quinoa rice, but is also not conducive to subsequent storage; the heat treatment method of steam, extrusion expansion or baking can reduce the saponin content, but the starchy endosperm will gelatinize in the process, and the structure and properties of saponins will also change. Although the existing quinoa processing methods have achieved certain results, there is still a lack of efficient and environmentally friendly peeling and saponin reduction processes. Therefore, it is urgent to explore a new quinoa peeling method to produce quinoa rice with high precision and high quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a quinoa grain peeling method and equipment, which can achieve green production, efficient production and safe production, and obtain clean peeled quinoa rice.

[0005] The present application provides a method for peeling quinoa seeds using the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for peeling quinoa seeds comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1. Screening quinoa seeds;

[0008] S2. treating the screened quinoa grains with an ultrasonic effect combined with mechanical stirring;

[0009] S3. Drying the quinoa grains after ultrasonic stirring;

[0010] S4. kneading and peeling the dried quinoa seeds;

[0011] S5. The quinoa grains that have been subjected to the rubbing and peeling treatment are subjected to suction separation treatment.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the screening process in step S1 includes an air screening cleaning process and a gravity selection process to clean out the empty grains and impurities in the quinoa grains.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, in the ultrasonic effect combined with mechanical stirring in step S2, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-28 kHz, the ultrasonic time is 10-40 min, the mechanical stirring frequency is not higher than 1 time / s, and the water temperature is 20-40°C.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the drying treatment conditions in step S3 are: wind temperature is 90-100°C, and the drying treatment time is 15-30 minutes.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, in step S4, the quinoa kneading and peeling process is carried out by a peeling device based on the kneading and squeezing principle.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, in step S5, the peeled quinoa rice and the epidermis are separated by a negative pressure blower.

[0017] The quinoa seed peeling equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0018] A quinoa seed peeling device comprises an ultrasonic mixer, a dryer arranged at the discharge end of the ultrasonic mixer, a peeling machine arranged at the discharge end of the dryer, and a separator arranged at the discharge end of the peeling machine. The ultrasonic mixer comprises a stirring chamber, a stirring mechanism arranged above the stirring chamber, and an ultrasonic generating device arranged below the stirring chamber. The stirring mechanism can be raised and lowered on the stirring chamber, and a fishing cage for placing quinoa seeds is arranged in the stirring chamber.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the ultrasonic generating device includes an ultrasonic transducer connected to the bottom plate of the stirring chamber and an ultrasonic generator connected to the ultrasonic transducer, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are evenly distributed along the bottom plate of the stirring chamber.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the dryer includes a drying bin, a lifting bin cover arranged above the drying bin, and a hot air unit arranged at the bottom of the drying bin. The salvage cage can be placed in the drying bin, and the lifting bin cover can cover the upper opening of the salvage cage.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the peeling machine includes a peeling bin, a fixed grinding disc arranged on the bottom plate of the peeling bin, a movable grinding disc arranged directly above the fixed grinding disc, and an adjusting frame for adjusting the height of the movable grinding disc. A receiving plate is arranged around the fixed grinding disc, and a feeding port is opened on the movable grinding disc which passes through from top to bottom.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The present application adopts the ultrasonic-based acoustic cavitation effect to cause cracks in the quinoa epidermis and change its structure. At the same time, the number of channels for water molecules to enter the interior of the quinoa grains increases, thereby forming more sufficient hydration, causing the gap between the interior of the grain and the epidermis to increase, and ultimately causing the epidermis to become easier to fall off. Combined with the kneading equipment to remove the quinoa epidermis, clean peeled quinoa rice can be obtained.

[0024] 2. Compared with traditional methods such as soaking, washing and dry grinding, this application reduces the consumption of water resources and environmental pollution, avoids the damage and breakage of quinoa grains caused by excessive grinding in pursuit of peeling efficiency, and greatly improves the quality and integrity of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic mixer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dryer in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a peeling machine in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a process flow chart of an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] In the figure, 1. ultrasonic mixer; 11. mixing chamber; 12. ultrasonic transducer; 13. ultrasonic generator; 14. stirring wheel; 15. support frame; 2. dryer; 21. drying chamber; 22. lifting chamber cover; 23. hot air unit; 24. bracket; 25. control cylinder; 26. cover plate; 3. peeling machine; 31. peeling chamber; 32. fixed grinding disc; 33. movable grinding disc; 34. receiving tray; 35. feeding port; 4. salvage cage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 , further details of this application are given.

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment: This application proposes a quinoa seed peeling device, referring to Figure 1-3 The equipment includes a screening machine, an ultrasonic mixer 1, a dryer 2, a peeling machine 3 and a separator in the order of production and processing. The screening machine is used to screen quinoa grains to remove impurities and shriveled grains. The ultrasonic mixer 1 is used to perform ultrasonic effect combined with mechanical stirring on the screened quinoa grains. The dryer 2 is used to dry the quinoa grains treated with ultrasonic stirring to remove moisture from the surface of the quinoa grains. The peeling machine 3 is used to rub and peel the dried quinoa grains to separate the rice grains from the skin. The separator is used to separate the rice grains from the skin, and finally obtain relatively clean quinoa rice.

[0033] In this embodiment, the screening machine is divided into two screening parts. The quinoa raw material is fed into the screening processing unit through an automatic feeding device. First, light impurities and dust in the quinoa raw material are removed by wind screening, and then impurities such as straw, stones, and shriveled grains in the quinoa raw material are removed by a specific gravity selection method.

[0034] The quinoa raw material processed by the screening machine is put into the ultrasonic mixer 1, which includes a mixing chamber 11, a mixing mechanism and an ultrasonic generator. The mixing chamber 11 is set as a rectangular box structure, an opening is set on the upper side, and the box wall is sealed. The mixing chamber 11 contains water medium for soaking the quinoa raw material. The mixing mechanism is set above the mixing chamber 11. The mixing mechanism includes a support frame 15 and a mixing wheel 14. The support frame 15 can be fixed on the outer chamber wall of the mixing chamber 11. The mixing wheel 14 is connected to the upper end of the support frame 15 and suspended above the mixing chamber 11. A driving motor is installed on the top of the support frame 15. The mixing wheel 14 is connected to the lower end of the output shaft of the driving motor. A lifting cylinder is installed on the support frame 15 to control the lifting of the driving motor and the mixing wheel 14. The mixing wheel 14 includes a main shaft and an impeller connected to the lower end of the main shaft, and the impeller can extend into the mixing chamber 11.

[0035] The ultrasonic generator is arranged below the stirring chamber 11, and includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 12 and an ultrasonic generator 13. An ultrasonic generator 13 is simultaneously connected to a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 12 through a line. The ultrasonic transducers 12 are evenly distributed along the bottom plate of the stirring chamber 11 and emit ultrasonic waves into the stirring chamber 11. A salvage cage 4 for holding quinoa raw materials is placed in the stirring chamber 11. The salvage cage 4 is rectangular, with an opening on the upper side and lifting handles on the tops of the two side walls.

[0036] During ultrasonic stirring, the quinoa raw material is placed in a salvaging cage 4, and then the salvaging cage 4 is placed in a stirring bin 11, so that the quinoa raw material is immersed in the water medium, an ultrasonic generator 13 generates ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic transducer 12 transmits the ultrasonic waves to the stirring bin 11, so that the quinoa grains are ultrasonically treated, and during the ultrasonic treatment process, the water medium and the quinoa grains are mechanically stirred by a stirring wheel 14.

[0037] The dryer 2 includes a drying chamber 21, a lifting chamber cover 22, and a hot air unit 23. The drying chamber 21 is configured as a rectangular box body of the same size as the mixing chamber 11, and the upper side is also configured as an opening. The hot air unit 23 is installed on the bottom plate, and the salvage cage 4 can be placed in the drying chamber 21. In this embodiment, the hot air unit 23 includes three hot air blowers, and the hot air blowers blow upward. A vent is opened on the bottom plate of the drying chamber 21 for hot air to enter the drying chamber 21. The lifting bin cover 22 is arranged above the drying bin 21, and the lifting bin cover 22 can cover the upper opening of the salvage cage 4 to prevent the quinoa grains in the salvage cage 4 from being blown out; the lifting bin cover 22 includes a bracket 24 connected to the outer wall of the drying bin 21, a control cylinder 25 connected to the upper end of the bracket 24 and facing vertically downward, and a cover plate 26 connected to the lower end of the control cylinder 25. The top of the bracket 24 is suspended above the drying bin 21, and the control cylinder 25 controls the lifting of the cover plate 26. After the cover plate 26 is lowered, it can abut against the upper opening of the salvage cage 4 to prevent the quinoa grains from being blown out of the salvage cage 4.

[0038] The peeling machine 3 includes a peeling bin 31, a fixed grinding disc 32, a movable grinding disc 33 and an adjustment frame. The peeling bin 31 is configured as a cylindrical structure with an upper end opening, the fixed grinding disc 32 is configured as a disc and is coaxially fixed to the inner side of the bottom plate of the peeling bin 31, a receiving plate 34 is arranged on the outer ring of the fixed grinding disc 32, the receiving plate 34 is lower in height than the fixed grinding disc 32 and is fixed to the bottom plate of the peeling bin 31, and a discharge port is provided on the side wall of the peeling bin 31 to facilitate the discharge of the shelled quinoa on the receiving plate 34.

[0039] The structure of the adjustment frame is the same as that of the support frame 15. A driving motor is installed on the top of the adjustment frame. The movable grinding disc 33 is connected to the lower end of the output shaft of the driving motor. A lifting electric cylinder is installed on the adjustment frame to control the lifting of the driving motor and the movable grinding disc 33. The movable grinding disc 33 is set to a disc with the same diameter as the fixed grinding disc 32. A feeding port 35 that runs through from top to bottom is provided at an eccentric position on the movable grinding disc 33. Quinoa grains can be put into the rubbing space between the fixed grinding disc 32 and the movable grinding disc 33 through the feeding port 35, so that the fixed grinding disc 32 and the movable grinding disc 33 can be conveniently rubbed with quinoa grains. In the present embodiment, a spherical protrusion is provided on the sides opposite to the fixed grinding disc 32 and the movable grinding disc 33 to enhance the rubbing effect on the quinoa grains.

[0040] In this embodiment, the separator is in the form of a conveyor belt and a negative pressure fan. The conveyor belt is responsible for conveying the peeled quinoa grains, and the negative pressure fan sucks away the skin of the quinoa grains to obtain cleaner quinoa rice.

[0041] The present application also proposes a method for peeling quinoa seeds, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0042] S1. The quinoa grains are screened and processed. The screening process includes an air-screen cleaning process and a gravity selection process. The quinoa raw material is fed into a screening processing unit through an automatic feeding device. The air-screen cleaning process is used to screen out light impurities and dust, and the gravity selection is used to screen out straw, shriveled grains and stones.

[0043] S2. Place the screened quinoa raw material into the salvage cage 4, and then place the salvage cage 4 into the stirring bin 11, put a water medium into the stirring bin 11, the water medium is required to submerge the quinoa raw material, the stirring wheel 14 descends and extends into the water medium and starts to rotate, the ultrasonic generator 13 starts to generate ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic transducer 12 transmits the ultrasonic waves to the stirring bin 11, and the quinoa grains are subjected to ultrasonic effect combined with mechanical stirring. In order to avoid agglomeration of quinoa grains during ultrasonic treatment, a mechanical stirring device is used to stir them. The stirring frequency is determined according to the ratio of quinoa to water. The stirring frequency should not be too high, and the quinoa grains in the water are disturbed to avoid the weakening effect of the sound field caused by too high stirring frequency. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-28kHz, the ultrasonic time is 10-40min, the mechanical stirring frequency is not higher than 1 time / s, and the water temperature of the water medium is 20-40℃;

[0044] S3. After the ultrasonic treatment is completed, the fishing cage 4 is taken out from the stirring chamber 11, and the quinoa is fished out of the water through the fishing cage 4, and the fishing cage 4 is put into the dryer 2 together. The drying treatment is carried out by bottom blowing, and the drying treatment conditions are: the treatment time is 15-30 minutes, and the wind temperature is 90-100°C.

[0045] S4. After the quick drying of the quinoa grains is completed, the dried quinoa enters the peeling machine 3. First, the spacing between the fixed grinding disc 32 and the movable grinding disc 33 is adjusted, and then the quinoa grains are put into the kneading space between the fixed grinding disc 32 and the movable grinding disc 33 through the feeding port 35, and the movable grinding disc 33 is rotated to start kneading and peeling the quinoa grains. The speed and kneading gap of the movable grinding disc 33 need to be accurately adjusted to ensure that the kneading action of the equipment will not cause damage and breakage to the quinoa grains.

[0046] S5. The quinoa grains that have been rubbed and peeled are subjected to suction separation treatment, and the peeled quinoa rice and the skin are separated by a negative pressure fan. Finally, the quinoa grains are output from the finished product outlet to obtain pure quinoa rice, and the saponin skin is output from the bran outlet.

[0047] The embodiments of this specific implementation are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. The same components are represented by the same figure marks. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for peeling quinoa seeds, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Screening quinoa seeds; S2. treating the screened quinoa grains with an ultrasonic effect combined with mechanical stirring; S3. Drying the quinoa grains after ultrasonic stirring; S4. kneading and peeling the dried quinoa seeds; S5. The quinoa grains that have been subjected to the rubbing and peeling treatment are subjected to suction separation treatment.

2. A quinoa seed peeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the screening process includes an air screening cleaning process and a gravity selection process to clean out the empty grains and impurities in the quinoa grains.

3. A quinoa seed peeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the ultrasonic effect combined with mechanical stirring in step S2, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-28 kHz, the ultrasonic time is 10-40 min, the mechanical stirring frequency is not higher than 1 time / s, and the water temperature is 20-40°C.

4. A quinoa seed peeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the drying treatment conditions are: wind temperature is 90-100°C, and the drying treatment time is 15-30 minutes.

5. The method for peeling quinoa seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the quinoa kneading and peeling process is carried out by a peeling device based on the kneading and squeezing principle.

6. A quinoa seed peeling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the peeled quinoa rice and the skin are separated by a negative pressure blower.

7. A quinoa seed peeling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ultrasonic mixer (1), a dryer (2) arranged at the discharge end of the ultrasonic mixer (1), a peeling machine (3) arranged at the discharge end of the dryer (2), and a separator arranged at the discharge end of the peeling machine (3). The ultrasonic mixer (1) comprises a stirring chamber (11), a stirring mechanism arranged above the stirring chamber (11), and an ultrasonic generating device arranged below the stirring chamber (11). The stirring mechanism can be lifted and lowered on the stirring chamber (11), and a fishing net cage (4) for placing quinoa grains is arranged in the stirring chamber (11).

8. The quinoa seed peeling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ultrasonic generating device comprises an ultrasonic transducer (12) connected to the bottom plate of the stirring chamber (11) and an ultrasonic generator (13) connected to the ultrasonic transducer (12), and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers (12) are evenly distributed along the bottom plate of the stirring chamber (11).

9. The quinoa seed peeling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dryer (2) comprises a drying bin (21), a lifting bin cover (22) arranged above the drying bin (21), and a hot air unit (23) arranged at the bottom of the drying bin (21); a salvage net box (4) can be placed in the drying bin (21), and the lifting bin cover (22) can cover the upper opening of the salvage net box (4).

10. The quinoa seed peeling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The peeling machine (3) comprises a peeling bin (31), a fixed grinding disc (32) arranged on the bottom plate of the peeling bin (31), a movable grinding disc (33) arranged directly above the fixed grinding disc (32), and an adjustment frame for adjusting the height of the movable grinding disc (33); a material receiving disc (34) is arranged around the fixed grinding disc (32); and a feeding port (35) is opened on the movable grinding disc (33) and is connected from top to bottom.

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