A support steel column welding method for reducing welding deformation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for welding a supporting steel column for reducing welding deformation, and mainly relates to the technical field of submerged arc welding. The method comprises the following steps: assembling and spot welding the web and the wing plate to obtain an H-shaped workpiece; positioning and supporting the H-shaped workpiece based on the web being in an upright state, welding the H-shaped workpiece by submerged arc welding, and respectively arranging welding guns on both sides of the web, the welding guns have a straight-line welding stroke corresponding to the length direction of the workpiece, the welding guns and the wing plate form an inclination angle of 40-50 degrees, and an inclined material guide plate is arranged below the welding gun, the bottom side of the material guide plate is close to the top surface of the bottom wing plate, and the material guide plate and the wing plate form an inclination angle of 30-40 degrees. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the welding operation can be performed on both sides of the joint synchronously at the same time, thereby avoiding the deformation problem caused by asynchronous cooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of submerged arc welding, in particular to a supporting steel column welding method for reducing welding deformation. Background Art

[0002] Welded H-shaped steel is a common steel component, which is widely used in steel structure engineering, load-bearing of industrial structures, supporting structures of underground projects, beam supports of large equipment, etc. For large H-shaped supporting steel columns, its production and processing mainly involves cutting to length and welding of steel plates, among which welding is the most important processing link.

[0003] Most H-steel welding now uses submerged arc welding. After the web and wing plates are cut by CNC cutting machines, they are first assembled and spot welded manually, and then mounted on a support for assembly line submerged arc welding. In order to facilitate the accumulation and gathering of solder, the web and wing plates are generally placed at an angle during the submerged arc welding process. Since welding requires welding on both sides of the same position separately, and the welding stroke is long, the two weldings are not synchronized and the interval time is obvious, and the cooling is uneven. Common deformation problems also require subsequent correction processes, and even after correction, it is difficult to completely solve the deformation problem, resulting in the final product always having deformation problems based on cooling asynchrony, affecting the load-bearing capacity and product quality of steel components. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a supporting steel column welding method which reduces welding deformation, and can simultaneously and synchronously perform welding operations on both sides of the joint, thereby avoiding the deformation problem caused by asynchronous cooling.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation comprises the following steps:

[0007] Assemble and spot-weld the web and wing plates to obtain an H-shaped workpiece;

[0008] The H-shaped workpiece is positioned and supported based on the upright state of the web, and the H-shaped workpiece is welded by submerged arc welding. Welding guns are respectively arranged on both sides of the web. The welding guns have a straight welding stroke corresponding to the length direction of the workpiece, and the welding guns and the wing plate form an inclined angle of 40-50 degrees. An inclined guide plate is arranged below the welding gun, and the bottom side of the guide plate is close to the top surface of the bottom wing plate, and the guide plate and the wing plate form an inclined angle of 30-40 degrees.

[0009] Before assembling the web and wing plates, the following steps need to be performed on the wing plates:

[0010] A material guide groove is processed in the middle of the wing plate along the length direction of the wing plate. The material guide grooves are two and are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the wing plate. The minimum spacing between the two material guide grooves is less than the thickness of the web plate. The cross section of the material guide groove is a triangular groove.

[0011] When the web plate and the wing plate are assembled, the guide groove of the wing plate is located on the side adjacent to the web plate.

[0012] The inner wall of the material guide trough is a vertical trough wall, the outer trough wall of the material guide trough is an inclined trough wall, and the slot width of the material guide trough is adapted to the width of the weld.

[0013] The H-shaped workpiece is welded by a submerged arc welding production line, wherein the submerged arc welding production line comprises:

[0014] Support fixture, used to position and support H-shaped workpieces.

[0015] The welding mechanism includes two groups of welding mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged relative to the H-shaped workpiece on the supporting fixture. Each group of welding mechanisms includes a loading platform, on which a material guide plate and a material discharge pipe, a welding gun, and a negative pressure air duct are installed; the bottom end of the material discharge pipe is provided with a pipe opening located above the material guide plate;

[0016] The traveling mechanism is used to provide the welding mechanism with a welding stroke along the length direction of the H-shaped workpiece, and to provide the loading platform with a lifting and lateral movement stroke based on the cross section of the H-shaped workpiece.

[0017] The guide plate is provided with a stud fixed thereto near the top side, the stud passes through the loading platform upward and is fixed to the loading platform by a nut, and the inclination angle between the guide plate and the wing plate is 30 degrees;

[0018] and / or

[0019] A fixing seat is provided on the upper part of the feeding tube, and the fixing seat is fixedly installed with the loading platform. A hoop plate matched and fixed with the feeding tube is provided on one side of the fixing seat close to the feeding tube, and mounting grooves adapted to the feeding tube are provided on the adjacent sides of the hoop plate and the fixing seat;

[0020] and / or

[0021] The welding gun is fixed on the loading platform through an adapter frame, and the adapter frame includes an upright portion and an inclined portion connected to each other. The upright portion is installed and fixed to the loading platform, and the inclined portion has an inclination angle of 45 degrees. A groove plate is provided on the bottom side of the inclined portion and is vertically fixed thereto. A limiting groove adapted to the width of the welding gun is provided in the middle of the groove plate. A clamp is provided on the top surface of the inclined portion and is matched and fixed thereto. The welding gun passes through the limiting groove and the clamp, and is fixed to the inclined portion of the adapter plate through the clamp;

[0022] and / or

[0023] The negative pressure air duct is fixed on the material guide plate, and a suction port is arranged at the bottom end of the negative pressure air duct. During welding operation, the upper side of the suction port is arranged close to the belly plate, and a part of the suction port is arranged outside the material guide plate.

[0024] The supporting tooling includes a support platform, guide frames are respectively provided on both sides of the support platform, and axially upright positioning wheels and guide wheels are rotatably installed on the guide frames. The middle parts of the positioning wheels and the guide wheels are provided with wheel grooves adapted to the sides of the lower wing plates. There are multiple positioning wheels and they are equidistantly arranged in the length direction of the support platform. There are multiple guide wheels and they are arranged in an arc shape at one end of the support platform. The end of the support platform where the guide wheels are provided is a loading port.

[0025] The support platform has multiple strip openings arranged along its length direction, and a base frame fixed in parallel with the support platform above and below is provided below the support platform, and the base frame is provided with multiple bottom shafts equidistantly along its length direction, and multiple swing frames are hinged on the bottom shafts, and a horizontal connecting frame is provided between the swing frames, and the connecting frame is hinged to each swing frame, and a transverse axis is provided at the top of the swing frame, and a roller is rotatably connected to the transverse axis, and the roller is located below the strip opening, and based on the swing of the swing frame, the roller can pass through the strip opening, and a reinforcing rod hinged to the transverse axis is provided at the center of the transverse axis, and a swing cylinder is hingedly installed at the bottom of the base frame, and a swing cylinder rod that cooperates with the swing cylinder for extension is provided at the top of the swing cylinder, and the top of the swing cylinder rod is connected to the upper part of the reinforcing rod.

[0026] The walking mechanism includes a hanging rail arranged above the supporting tooling, the hanging rail is provided with a pulley with a linear walking stroke along its length direction, a hanger is hoisted and fixed under the pulley, two telescopic cylinder bodies are fixed on the hanger, one end of the telescopic cylinder body is provided with a telescopic cylinder rod matching it, the two telescopic cylinder rods are arranged in opposite directions, the outer ends of the telescopic cylinder rods are provided with mounting plates fixed thereto, the two mounting plates on both sides are arranged at the same height, the mounting plates are arranged upright, and lifting screws and lifting guide rails are installed on the outer end surfaces of the mounting plates away from each other, the lifting guide rails are matched with a lifting slide, the lifting screw is matched with a nut fixed on the lifting slide, a fixed block is fixed on the lifting slide, and a vertical pole fixedly connected to the loading platform is provided on the outer side of the loading platform, and the top of the vertical pole is fixed on the fixed block.

[0027] A material box is fixed on the hanger, and discharge ports are respectively provided at both ends of the material box. A material pipe connecting the discharge port and the discharge pipe on the same side is provided, and a control valve for controlling the solder is provided on the discharge port and / or the discharge pipe.

[0028] Based on the submerged arc welding production line, the welding operation performed includes the following steps in sequence:

[0029] In the standby state, the pulley is located at one end of the supporting tooling, and the loading platforms on both sides move outward and away from the supporting tooling;

[0030] Loading materials to supporting tooling;

[0031] Start the walking mechanism to move the loading platforms on both sides toward the workpiece and close to the joint position, with a gap of 5-15mm between the bottom side of the guide plate and the top surface of the wing plate;

[0032] Start the feeding pipe, welding gun and negative pressure air duct of the welding mechanism, and perform submerged arc welding on both sides of the web and wing plate joints at the same time. At the same time, start the walking mechanism to execute the welding stroke, driving the welding machine mechanisms on both sides to synchronously move along the workpiece to the other end of the H-shaped workpiece;

[0033] The welded workpiece is unloaded, and the pulley and loading platform are reset to the standby state.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] Through this method, simultaneous and synchronous welding operations can be carried out on both sides of the wing plate and web seam. The synchronization of welding on both sides makes it possible to ensure balanced cooling of the temperature on both sides, thereby solving the deformation problem caused by asynchronous cooling, eliminating the subsequent correction link, simplifying the processing link, and greatly reducing the defective part rate, improving the quality of components, enhancing the supporting strength of components, and reducing the overall production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a view of the present invention from one end of the workpiece.

[0037] Figure 2 The present invention and Figure 1 The view from the opposite end.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall processing state of the submerged arc welding production line of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the walking mechanism and welding mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the welding mechanism and the hanger of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the welding mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of the P part.

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting tooling of the present invention.

[0044] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of installing a swing frame on a base frame of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.10 It is a top view of the production line of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the welding mechanisms on both sides of the workpiece during the processing of the workpiece according to the present invention.

[0047] Numbers shown in the accompanying drawings:

[0048] 1. Support platform; 2. Strip mouth; 3. Guide frame; 4. Positioning wheel; 5. Guide wheel; 6. Base frame; 7. Bottom shaft; 8. Swing frame; 9. Horizontal shaft; 10. Roller; 11. Strengthening rod; 12. Swing cylinder; 13. Connecting frame; 14. Hanging rail; 15. Pulley; 16. Track wheel; 17. Auxiliary wheel; 18. Hanging frame; 19. Telescopic cylinder; 20. Mounting plate; 21. Lifting screw; 22. Lifting 1. Descending rail; 23. Lifting slide; 24. Fixed block; 25. Loading platform; 26. Vertical pole; 27. Material guide plate; 28. Stud; 29. ​​Material discharge pipe; 30. Fixed seat; 31. Hoop plate; 32. Material receiving box; 33. Welding gun; 34. Adapter frame; 35. Vertical plate; 36. Strip hole; 37. Upright part; 39. Slot plate; 41. Clamp; 42. Negative pressure air duct; 43. Suction port; 44. Material guide trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the application equally.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] During the welding process, the deposited metal shrinks in volume as it changes from liquid to solid. When the material is tilted and one side is welded before the other, the first welded part will cool down first, causing the material to shrink. When the second welded part cools down, it cannot shrink freely due to the restriction of the first welded part, resulting in internal stress and deformation. Therefore, it is difficult to avoid deformation problems with existing welding methods. Therefore, we break the limitations of existing welding methods and reconstruct the H-steel production method through the following equipment.

[0052] In order to fully describe the method, the equipment improvements involved are first described as follows:

[0053] After improvement, we adopted a complete set of self-developed submerged arc welding production line, the main structure of which includes:

[0054] 1.1 Supporting tooling

[0055] It includes a support platform 1, which is in a long strip shape. A plurality of strip openings 2 are arranged along the length direction of the support platform 1. The length of the strip openings 2 is adapted to the width of the support platform 1. The strip openings 2 are used to facilitate exposure of the roller 10 below.

[0056] Guide frames 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the support platform 1, and axially upright positioning wheels 4 and guide wheels 5 are rotatably installed on the guide frames 3. There are multiple positioning wheels 4 and they are equidistantly arranged in the length direction of the support platform 1. A wheel groove is provided in the middle of the positioning wheel 4. The spacing between the wheel grooves of the positioning wheels 4 on both sides is adapted to the width of the wing plate. The left and right horizontal positions of the wing plate are limited by the wheel grooves of the two rows of positioning wheels 4 arranged in parallel on both sides, thereby ensuring that it is located at the predetermined processing position.

[0057] The shape and structure of the guide wheel 5 are the same as those of the positioning wheel 4, but the position is different. There are multiple guide wheels 5, which are arranged in an arc shape and installed at one end of the guide frame 3. The guide wheels 5 on both sides form a trumpet-shaped opening state, which makes it easier to guide the material during the feeding process and allows the wing plate to easily enter between the positioning wheels 4 on both sides.

[0058] Therefore, one end of the support platform 1 provided with the guide wheel 5 is the loading port / unloading port, and the other end of the support platform 1 can be equipped with a sensor to assist in positioning the position of the workpiece.

[0059] Based on the support of the support platform 1, the T-shaped or H-shaped workpiece after electric welding is supported, and the height of the bottom surface of the wing plate is limited, and the guide wheels 5 on both sides facilitate the workpiece to be pushed and loaded to the fixed processing position, so as to provide positioning for automatic welding.

[0060] A bottom frame 6 is provided below the support platform 1 and is fixed in parallel with the bottom frame 6. The length direction of the bottom frame 6 is consistent with the length direction of the support platform 1. The bottom frame 6 is provided with multiple bottom shafts 7 equidistantly along its length direction. Multiple swing frames 8 are hinged on the bottom shaft 7. A transverse axis 9 is provided at the top of the swing frame 8. A roller 10 is rotatably connected to the transverse axis 9. The roller 10 is located below the strip-shaped opening 2, and the roller 10 can pass through the strip-shaped opening 2 based on the swing of the swing frame 8. A reinforcing rod 11 hinged to the transverse axis 9 is provided in the center of the transverse axis 9. The bottom end of the reinforcing rod 11 is hinged to the bottom shaft 7. The bottom frame 6 A swing cylinder 12 is hingedly installed at the bottom, and a swing cylinder rod is provided at the top of the swing cylinder 12 to cooperate with the swing cylinder rod, and the top of the swing cylinder rod is connected to the upper part of the reinforcing rod 11, so that the swing angle of the swing frame 8 can be controlled by the extension and contraction of the cylinder. A connecting frame 13 is also provided, and the length direction of the connecting frame 13 is in the same direction as the base frame 6. The connecting frames 13 are two and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the swing frame 8. The connecting frames 13 extend horizontally and are hinged to the outer side of each swing frame 8, so that each horizontal axis 9 is hinged and linked, so one swing cylinder 12 can be used to lift all the swing frames 8.

[0061] When the workpiece is loaded or unloaded, the swing frame 8 swings upward so that the top surface of the roller 10 supports the bottom surface of the workpiece wing plate, which is convenient for loading by utilizing the rotation of the roller 10. A proximity switch can be set at the end of the support platform 1 away from the guide wheel 5, and the proximity switch is linked to the swing cylinder 12. When one end of the workpiece reaches the proximity switch, the swing cylinder 12 contracts, and the swing frame 8 starts to swing downward. The workpiece falls on the support platform 1 (between the positioning wheels 4 on both sides), obtains relatively stable support, and is not easy to move.

[0062] 1.2 Walking mechanism

[0063] A hanging rail 14 extending in parallel with the supporting platform 1 is provided in the center above the supporting platform 1, and a pulley 15 having a linear travel stroke along its length direction is provided on the hanging rail 14. A mounting slot is provided in the middle of the pulley 15, and track wheels 16 are symmetrically installed in the mounting slot. There are at least two track wheels 16 on the same side, and step grooves are provided on adjacent inner end faces of the track wheels 16 along the circumferential direction. The step grooves make the cross-section of the track wheels 16 along the axial direction to be "╞"-shaped. The track wheels 16 cooperate with both sides of the hanging rail 14 for travel, and the pulley 15 is further provided with auxiliary wheels 17 on the front and rear sides of the mounting slot, respectively. The axial direction of the auxiliary wheels 17 is vertically arranged, and the auxiliary wheels 17 roll in cooperation with both sides of the hanging rail 14 to achieve auxiliary constraint on the walking direction.

[0064] One or more track wheels 16 on the same side are driven to rotate based on a travel motor to achieve control of moving forward and backward along the hanging rail 14.

[0065] A hanger 18 is fixedly mounted below the pulley 15, and two telescopic cylinder bodies 19 are fixed on the hanger 18. The telescopic cylinder bodies 19 adopt a pneumatic cylinder, and one end of the telescopic cylinder body 19 is provided with a telescopic cylinder rod matched therewith, and the two telescopic cylinder rods are arranged in opposite directions, and the outer ends of the telescopic cylinder rods are provided with a mounting plate 20 fixed thereto, and the two mounting plates 20 on both sides are arranged at the same height, and the mounting plates 20 are arranged upright, and the outer end surfaces of the mounting plates 20 away from each other are installed with a lifting screw 21 and a lifting guide rail 22, and the lifting guide rail 22 adopts The bare rod guide rails, the lifting guide rails 22 on the same mounting plate 20 are two and are installed in parallel on the left and right sides, the lifting screw 21 is centrally and rotatably installed between the two lifting guide rails 22, the lifting guide rail 22 is equipped with a lifting slide 23, the lifting screw 21 is equipped with a nut fixed on the lifting slide 23, and a screw motor for driving the lifting screw 21 to rotate is provided on the top of the mounting plate 20, the lifting slide 23 is fixed with a fixing block 24, and the two ends of the fixing block 24 are provided with through holes to reserve a position for the installation of the vertical rod 26.

[0066] 1.3 Welding mechanism

[0067] The welding mechanism includes two groups and is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the support platform 1. Each group of automatic welding mechanisms includes a loading platform 25, on which are fixed: a group of welding guns 33, a group of negative pressure air ducts 42, a group of feed pipes 29, and a guide plate 27;

[0068] 1.3.1 Loading station 25

[0069] The loading platform 25 is mainly used to carry the above-mentioned related components for welding operations. The outer side of the loading platform 25 is provided with a vertical pole 26 fixedly connected thereto. The top end of the vertical pole 26 is fixed on the fixed block 24. There are two vertical poles 26, which penetrate the fixed block 24 upward and are fixed to the fixed block 24 by screws.

[0070] 1.3.2 Guide plate 27

[0071] The guide plate 27 is tilted, with the bottom side of the guide plate 27 tilted toward the web, and the top side of the guide plate 27 tilted outward. In this example, the angle between the guide plate 27 and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees. This example is not limited thereto, and the maximum angle can also be set to 40 degrees. A larger inclination angle is not recommended. Within the range of 30-40 degrees, it is beneficial to provide space for the accumulation and welding of solder.

[0072] The guide plate 27 is used to concentrate the solder so that the solder is gathered in the triangular space between the bottom of the guide plate 27 and the side of the web.

[0073] The guide plate 27 is provided with a stud 28 fixed thereto (which can be fixed by welding) near the top side. The stud 28 passes through the loading platform 25 upward and is fixed to the loading platform 25 by a nut, so that the guide plate 27 can follow the loading platform 25 to move back and forth, and move closer to or away from the workpiece. The stud 28 is vertically arranged, which is convenient for adjusting the installation position, and is easy to disassemble and maintain.

[0074] 1.3.3 Feeding pipe 29

[0075] The feed pipe 29 is vertically fixed on the loading platform 25:

[0076] The upper part of the discharge pipe 29 is provided with a fixing seat 30 for fixing it on the loading platform 25. The fixing seat 30 is tightened on the loading platform 25 by screws. The fixing seat 30 is provided with a hoop plate 31 matching with the discharge pipe 29 on one side thereof. The hoop plate 31 is tightened and fixed to the fixing seat 30 by bolts. The side surfaces adjacent to the hoop plate 31 and the fixing seat 30 are provided with mounting grooves adapted to the discharge pipe 29. A bushing is provided in the mounting groove. The discharge pipe 29 passes through the bushing and is arranged in the mounting groove opposite to the hoop plate 31 and the mounting seat, thereby achieving installation and fixation.

[0077] The top end of the feed pipe 29 is butt-jointed with a serpentine feed pipe, which is a hose. The top end of the feed pipe is used to connect to a material box 32, which is mounted and fixed on a hanger 18. The material box is provided with independent feed ports on both sides, which are butt-jointed with the feed pipe 29 through the feed pipe. Control valves are provided on the feed pipe 29 and the feed port, respectively, for controlling the discharge of solder.

[0078] The bottom end of the feed pipe 29 is provided with a pipe opening, which is located on the top side slope of the guide plate 27, and naturally falls down along the guide plate 27 and accumulates between the guide plate 27 and the web. There are two pipe openings, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the hanger 18, so that the feed pipe 29 on the same side can take out the material.

[0079] 1.3.4 Welding gun 33

[0080] The welding gun 33 is an automatic welding gun 33 with automatic wire feeding. The bottom end of the welding gun 33 is used to feed the welding wire, and the rear end of the welding gun 33 is used to connect the automatic wire feeding system. The wire feeding system is an existing common wire feeding device, which is usually composed of a wire feeder, a reducer, a straightening wheel, a wire feeding wheel, a wire feeding hose, a wire reel, etc. The welding wire wound on the wire reel is sent to the welding gun 33 through the straightening wheel and the wire feeding wheel.

[0081] The welding gun 33 is fixed on the loading platform 25 at an angle, and the angle of inclination of the welding gun 33 is 45 degrees. During welding, the wire coming out of the bottom end is opposite to the joint of the web and the wing plate, so as to obtain a better welding angle.

[0082] The welding gun 33 is fixed on the loading platform 25 through an adapter frame 34. The loading platform 25 is in a "┏" shape. The loading platform 25 is provided with a vertical plate 35 on the inner side close to the workpiece. The vertical plate 35 is provided with a horizontally extending strip hole 36. The adapter frame 34 includes a vertical portion 37 and an inclined portion connected to each other. The vertical portion 37 is equipped with a plurality of mounting bolt assemblies. The mounting bolt assemblies fix the vertical portion 37 on the vertical plate 35 on the inner side of the loading platform 25 by passing through the strip hole 36. This can avoid the installation position of the discharge pipe 29 and can also adjust the distance between the welding gun 33 and the discharge pipe 29 as needed to give the pile material sufficient time to flow out. The inclined portion is inclined at 45 degrees in the same direction as the welding gun 33 to provide a stable supporting structure. A groove plate 39 is provided on the bottom side of the inclined portion and is vertically fixed thereto. A limiting groove adapted to the width of the welding gun 33 is provided in the middle of the groove plate 39. A clamp 41 is provided on the top surface of the inclined portion and is fixed thereto by bolts. The welding gun 33 passes through the limiting groove and the clamp 41 and is fixed to the inclined portion of the adapter plate by the clamp 41. The above structure achieves a relatively firm fixation and restraint of the welding gun 33 to ensure that it does not loosen during welding.

[0083] 1.3.5 Negative pressure duct 42

[0084] The negative pressure air duct 42 is fixed on the material guide plate 27 so that the welding gun 33 is located between the negative pressure air duct 42 and the material discharge pipe 29 .

[0085] The negative pressure air duct 42 is fixed on the material guide plate 27 by a hoop, the top end of the negative pressure air duct 42 is connected to a negative pressure air source, and a suction port 43 is arranged at the bottom end thereof, and the upper side of the suction port 43 is arranged close to the web to absorb and collect excess solder.

[0086] A portion of the suction port 43 is located within the range of the guide plate 27 , and at least 1 / 3 of the suction port 43 is located outside the guide plate 27 , so that the solder and slag on the guide plate 27 and scattered on the guide plate 27 can be collected at the same time.

[0087] 1.3.6 System Operation Instructions

[0088] According to the welding stroke to be executed, the feed pipe 29, welding gun 33 and negative pressure air duct 42 are arranged in sequence in the walking direction, and the operation process is to first feed the solder, then weld, and finally clean and absorb along the walking direction.

[0089] Based on the movement of the walking mechanism, the loading platform 25 has a relative movement of approaching or separating along the width direction of the workpiece. When separating, it is used to separate from the workpiece to facilitate loading and unloading of the workpiece. When the loading platforms 25 are approached to each other, the welding gun 33 can reach the joint position (the bottom side of the web and the wing plate), and under the gathering effect of the guide plate 27 on the solder, submerged arc welding operations can be carried out simultaneously from both sides.

[0090] Based on the small lifting action of the walking mechanism, the height of the bottom end of the welding gun 33 and the bottom side of the guide plate 27 can be adjusted to correspond to the size of the workpiece.

[0091] 2. Welding work

[0092] In welding operations, we have innovated the submerged arc welding process. The overall processing method after improvement is:

[0093] 2.1 Plate pretreatment

[0094] Check the quality certificates of steel and welding materials used in H-steel, take samples, inspect and accept them as required, keep inspection records, and conduct mechanical property tests;

[0095] 2.2 Cutting

[0096] The materials used for H-shaped steel are all qualified plates. CNC cutting machines can be used for cutting steel plates. Hydraulic swing shearing machines can also be used for cutting plates with a thickness of less than 12mm, and the burrs can be processed.

[0097] After cutting, the web and flange plates are obtained in fixed length.

[0098] 2.3 Wing plate milling

[0099] A guide groove 44 is processed in the middle of the wing plate along the length direction of the wing plate. The guide groove 44 is two and is symmetrically arranged relative to the general center. The guide groove 44 is triangular in cross section and includes an upper groove opening located on the surface of the wing plate, and a straight groove wall and an inclined groove wall constituting the guide groove 44. The straight groove wall is arranged on the inner side close to the general center. The distance between the straight groove walls of the two guide grooves 44 is less than the thickness of the web. Fig. 9 As shown, when the web is combined with the general, the straight groove wall is located in the area of ​​the wing plate. When submerged arc welding is performed, the molten flux covers both end surfaces of the web, increasing the contact surface and obtaining better fixing ability. The inclined groove wall has an inclined surface that is inclined downward at the center, and its outer side cooperates with the bottom side of the guide plate 27, which is conducive to further gathering the solder to the joint position.

[0100] In the original process, the workpiece surface in the welding area needs to be rust-removed and polished before assembly. After the groove milling process, the rust-removing and polishing process can be replaced based on making the width of the guide groove 44 adapt to the weld area.

[0101] 2.4 Web pretreatment

[0102] Use a grinder to remove rust and polish the web welding area;

[0103] 2.5 Assembly

[0104] The web and wing plates are manually assembled and spot welded to form an H-shaped workpiece. During assembly, it is important to keep the guide groove 44 inside and to fix the two sides of the web between the guide grooves 44 .

[0105] 2.6 Dual-side simultaneous welding

[0106] The submerged arc welding production line of this example is used to simultaneously weld both sides of the joint between the web and the wing plate on the bottom side, specifically including:

[0107] 2.6.1 In the standby state, the pulley 15 is located at one end close to the guide wheel 5, the swing frame 8 is raised so that the roller 10 is slightly higher than the support platform 1, the lifting slide 23 is set at the corresponding height during welding, and the telescopic cylinder rod is extended outward to make the two sets of welding mechanisms on both sides move away from each other;

[0108] 2.6.2 Combine the crane and the lifting device in the workshop to load the workpiece, let one end of the workpiece enter from the bell mouth of the guide wheel 5, and use the roller 10 to quickly push the workpiece to the welding station, the swing frame 8 falls, and the workpiece falls on the support table 1;

[0109] 2.6.3 Start the telescopic cylinder 19 of the walking mechanism, so that the welding mechanisms on both sides are translated toward the center until the welding gun 33 is located at the bottom side of the web and the general joint position, and there is a gap of 5-15mm between the bottom side of the guide plate 27 and the top surface of the wing plate;

[0110] 2.6.4 Start the welding machine mechanism on both sides, so that both sides can simultaneously carry out the solder feeding, wire feeding and welding of the welding gun 33, and suction operation of the negative pressure air duct 42. The solder falls from the feeding pipe 29 onto the guide plate 27, passes through the guide plate 27 and is concentrated between the guide plate 27 and the web, and is further accumulated and gathered toward the center based on the guide groove 44. The submerged arc welding operation is completed under the welding operation of the welding gun 33. The excess solder is sucked by the negative pressure air duct 42 at the rear. When the pulley 15 moves from one end of the workpiece to the other end, the welding of the two sides of the seam between the bottom side of the web and the wing plate is completed synchronously;

[0111] 2.6.5 Raise the swing frame 8 to assist the workpiece in unloading and turning upside down, load the workpiece again, repeat steps 2.6.2-2.6.4, complete the welding of both sides of the web, raise the swing frame 8, and unload the workpiece;

[0112] After the above processing, sawing, drilling, locking, cleaning and painting processes can be added according to the final customization needs of the workpiece to complete the processing of the H-steel component.

[0113] After this method is executed, the advantages include:

[0114] The two sides of the joint work synchronously to avoid the deformation of the workpiece caused by the hardening of the molten pool and the asynchronous cooling of the temperature;

[0115] In production, the workpiece is placed at an angle so that the weld is in a V-shaped state upwards. Therefore, each welding side needs to be manually lifted and the workpiece angle adjusted. After the improvement, the welding of both sides of the workpiece is completed at one time, and only the placement of the workpiece needs to be adjusted once. Compared with the previous three adjustments, it has greatly saved production time and labor, and reduced costs.

[0116] The processing steps of the workpiece are simplified, which avoids the manpower and time-consuming subsequent correction and optimizes the steps;

[0117] The quality of the workpiece is improved, based on the solution of the common problem of component deformation, thus significantly improving the product quality and strength;

[0118] The defect rate is reduced, and the resulting costs are also improved.

[0119] Embodiment 2:

[0120] On the basis of Example 1, the submerged arc welding production line is provided with two groups of processing stations, namely:

[0121] The length of the hanging rail 14 is not less than the length of two workpieces;

[0122] Two groups of supporting tooling are arranged below the hanging rail 14, and the loading and unloading ports of the supporting tooling are opposite, that is, two groups of supporting platforms 1 are arranged below the hanging rail 14 and aligned with it up and down, and the guide wheels 5 are arranged at one end of the two supporting platforms 1 away from each other, and the loading and unloading of the workpieces are completed through the outer ends without interfering with each other's operations.

[0123] For the convenience of description, the two groups of processing stations are respectively defined as station No. 1 (corresponding to one supporting tool) and station No. 2 (corresponding to another supporting tool). The extension of the hanging rail 14 enables the pulley 15 to move between station No. 1 and station No. 2.

[0124] A sensor is provided at the inner end of the support table 1 for locating the position of the workpiece;

[0125] Based on the above improvements, the processing method of the H-beam in this example is:

[0126] 2.1 Plate pretreatment

[0127] Conduct quality inspection, sampling and testing of steel materials and welding materials used in H-steel;

[0128] 2.2 Cutting

[0129] After cutting, the web and flange plates are obtained in fixed length.

[0130] 2.3 Wing plate milling

[0131] Two symmetrical guide grooves 44 are symmetrically milled in the center of the wing plate. The guide grooves 44 are triangular in cross section. The minimum spacing between the two guide grooves 44 is less than the thickness of the wing plate. The inner groove wall is vertical and the outer groove wall is inclined.

[0132] 2.4 Rust removal and grinding of the belly plate

[0133] 2.5 Assembly

[0134] The web and wing plates are manually assembled and spot welded to form an H-shaped workpiece. During assembly, it is important to keep the guide groove 44 inside and to fix the two sides of the web between the guide grooves 44 .

[0135] 2.6 Dual-side simultaneous welding

[0136] The double-station submerged arc welding production line of this example is used to simultaneously weld both sides of the joint between the web and the wing plate on the bottom side, specifically including:

[0137] The welding stroke of the pulley 15 is set to be a stroke from the No. 1 station to the No. 2 station, and the loading port of the supporting tooling of the No. 1 station is the initial standby position.

[0138] 2.6.1 Workstation No. 1 and Workstation No. 2 are on standby

[0139] The standby state is that the swing frame 8 is raised so that the roller 10 is slightly higher than the support platform 1 (for loading and unloading coordination), and the telescopic cylinder rod is extended outward so that the two sets of welding mechanisms on both sides are away from each other;

[0140] 2.6.2 Pulley 15 is located at the loading port of station No. 1, loading new workpieces to be welded onto the loading platform of station No. 1;

[0141] 2.6.3 Start the telescopic cylinder 19 of the walking mechanism to move the welding mechanisms on both sides to the center until the welding gun 33 is located at the bottom side of the web and the general joint position.

[0142] 2.6.4 Start the welding machine mechanisms on both sides, so that both sides can simultaneously carry out solder unloading, wire feeding and welding of the welding gun 33, and suction operation of the negative pressure air duct 42, and the pulley 15 synchronously starts the loading port of the No. 1 station and moves to the other end of the No. 1 station;

[0143] When the welding operation is being performed at the No. 1 station, the loading operation is being performed at the No. 2 station. The loading port is located at the end away from the No. 1 station, so as not to affect the welding operation at the No. 1 station.

[0144] 2.6.5 After the welding is completed at the No. 1 station, the pulley 15 continues to move forward to perform welding operations on the workpiece on the No. 2 station. When the welding operation is performed at the No. 2 station, the weldment is unloaded and new parts are loaded at the No. 1 station;

[0145] 2.6.6 After the welding of the No. 2 station is completed, the welding machine mechanism is shut down and moves away from the welding area, and the pulley 15 is reset to the No. 1 loading port;

[0146] Repeat the above steps 2.6.4-2.6.6 to achieve alternating continuous welding operations at workstations No. 1 and No. 2.

[0147] Through the improvement of the above steps, alternating welding operations at two workstations can be achieved. When one workstation is performing welding operations, the other workstation can be convenient for loading and unloading operations, so that the welding mechanism can operate continuously without stopping to wait for loading and unloading, greatly improving production efficiency.

[0148] Whether the workpiece is turned over or replaced after unloading can be adjusted according to production needs and progress without affecting the orderly progress of the above steps.

Claims

1. A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Assemble and spot-weld the web and wing plates to obtain an H-shaped workpiece; The H-shaped workpiece is positioned and supported in a state where the web is in an upright position, and the H-shaped workpiece is welded by submerged arc welding. Welding guns (33) are respectively arranged on both sides of the web. The welding guns (33) have a welding stroke corresponding to the length direction of the workpiece. The welding guns (33) and the wing plate form an inclined angle of 45 degrees. An inclined material guide plate (27) is arranged below the welding gun (33). The bottom side of the material guide plate (27) is close to the top surface of the bottom wing plate. The H-shaped workpiece is welded by a submerged arc welding production line, wherein the submerged arc welding production line comprises: Support fixture, used to position and support H-shaped workpieces; The welding mechanism comprises two groups of welding mechanisms which are symmetrically arranged relative to the H-shaped workpiece on the supporting tooling, each group of welding mechanisms comprises a loading platform (25), and the loading platform (25) is equipped with a material guide plate (27) and a material discharge pipe (29), a welding gun (33), and a negative pressure air duct (42); the bottom end of the material discharge pipe (29) is provided with a pipe opening located above the material guide plate (27); A traveling mechanism, used for providing a welding stroke along the length direction of the H-shaped workpiece to the welding mechanism, and providing a lifting and lateral movement stroke based on the cross section of the H-shaped workpiece to the loading platform (25); The guide plate (27) is provided with a stud (28) fixed thereto near the top side, the stud (28) passes through the loading platform (25) upwards and is fixed to the loading platform (25) via a nut member, and the guide plate (27) and the wing plate form an inclined angle of 30-40 degrees; A fixing seat (30) is provided at the upper part of the feed tube (29), and the fixing seat (30) is fixedly mounted on the loading platform (25). A hoop plate (31) is provided on one side of the fixing seat (30) close to the feed tube (29) and fixed thereto, and mounting grooves adapted to the feed tube (29) are provided on adjacent sides of the hoop plate (31) and the fixing seat (30); The welding gun (33) is fixed on the loading platform (25) via an adapter frame (34); the adapter frame (34) comprises an upright portion (37) and an inclined portion connected to each other; the upright portion (37) is mounted and fixed to the loading platform (25); the inclined portion has an inclination angle of 45 degrees; a groove plate (39) is provided on the bottom side of the inclined portion and is vertically fixed thereto; a limiting groove adapted to the width of the welding gun (33) is provided in the middle of the groove plate (39); a clamp (41) is provided on the top surface of the inclined portion and is matched and fixed thereto; the welding gun (33) passes through the limiting groove and the clamp (41) and is fixed to the inclined portion of the adapter plate via the clamp (41); The negative pressure air duct (42) is fixed on the material guide plate (27), and a material suction port (43) is arranged at the bottom end of the negative pressure air duct (42). During welding operation, the upper side of the material suction port (43) is arranged close to the web, and a part of the material suction port (43) is arranged outside the material guide plate (27).

2. A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before assembling the web and wing plates, the following steps need to be performed on the wing plates: A material guide groove (44) is processed in the middle of the wing plate along the length direction of the wing plate, wherein the material guide grooves (44) are two and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the wing plate, the minimum spacing between the two material guide grooves (44) is less than the thickness of the web, and the cross section of the material guide groove (44) is a triangular groove; When the web plate and the wing plate are assembled, the guide groove (44) of the wing plate is located on the side adjacent to the web plate.

3. A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the material guide groove (44) is a vertical groove wall, the outer groove wall of the material guide groove (44) is an inclined groove wall, and the groove width of the material guide groove (44) is adapted to the width of the weld.

4. A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting tooling comprises a support platform (1), guide frames (3) are respectively provided on both sides of the support platform (1), and a positioning wheel (4) and a guide wheel (5) are rotatably mounted on the guide frame (3) and are axially upright, and the middle parts of the positioning wheel (4) and the guide wheel (5) are both provided with wheel grooves adapted to the sides of the lower wing plates, the positioning wheels (4) are multiple and are equidistantly arranged in the length direction of the support platform (1), the guide wheels (5) are multiple and are arranged in an arc shape at one end of the support platform (1), and the end of the support platform (1) provided with the guide wheels (5) is a loading port.

5. A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support platform (1) has a plurality of strip-shaped openings (2) arranged along its length direction. A bottom frame (6) fixed in parallel with the support platform (1) is provided below the support platform (1). The bottom frame (6) has a plurality of bottom shafts (7) equidistantly provided along its length direction. A plurality of swing frames (8) are hingedly connected to the bottom shafts (7). A horizontal connecting frame (13) is provided between the swing frames (8). The connecting frame (13) is hingedly connected to each swing frame (8). A transverse axis (9) is provided at the top end of the swing frame (8). The transverse axis (9) A roller (10) is rotatably connected to the upper portion, the roller (10) being located below the strip-shaped opening (2), and the roller (10) can pass through the strip-shaped opening (2) based on the swing of the swing frame (8), a reinforcing rod (11) hinged to the transverse axis (9) is provided at the center of the transverse axis (9), a swing cylinder (12) is hingedly mounted at the bottom of the base frame (6), a swing cylinder rod telescopically matched with the swing cylinder (12) is provided at the top end of the swing cylinder (12), and the top end of the swing cylinder rod is connected to the upper part of the reinforcing rod (11).

6. A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking mechanism comprises a hanging rail (14) arranged above the supporting tooling, a pulley (15) having a linear walking stroke along its length direction is arranged on the hanging rail (14), a hanger (18) is fixedly mounted below the pulley (15), two telescopic cylinder bodies (19) are fixed on the hanger (18), one end of the telescopic cylinder body (19) is provided with a telescopic cylinder rod matched therewith, the two telescopic cylinder rods are arranged in opposite directions, the outer end of the telescopic cylinder rod is provided with a mounting plate (20) fixed thereto, and the two mounting plates (20) on both sides are of equal height. The mounting plate (20) is arranged upright, and a lifting screw (21) and a lifting guide rail (22) are installed on the outer end surfaces of the mounting plate (20) which are away from each other. The lifting guide rail (22) is matched with a lifting slide (23), and the lifting screw (21) is matched with a nut fixed on the lifting slide (23). A fixing block (24) is fixed on the lifting slide (23). A vertical rod (26) fixedly connected to the loading platform (25) is provided on the outer side of the loading platform (25), and the top end of the vertical rod (26) is fixed on the fixing block (24).

7. A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A material box is fixed on the hanger (18), and discharge ports are respectively provided at both ends of the material box. A material pipe connecting the discharge port and the discharge pipe (29) on the same side is provided, and a control valve for controlling the solder is provided on the discharge port and / or the discharge pipe (29).

8. A method for welding a supporting steel column to reduce welding deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the submerged arc welding production line, the welding operation performed includes the following steps in sequence: In the standby state, the pulley (15) is located at one end of the supporting tooling, and the loading platforms (25) on both sides move outward and away from the supporting tooling; Loading materials to supporting tooling; The walking mechanism is started, so that the loading platforms (25) on both sides are moved laterally toward the workpiece and close to the joint position, and a gap of 5-15 mm is formed between the bottom side of the guide plate (27) and the top surface of the wing plate; The feeding pipe (29), welding gun (33) and negative pressure air duct (42) of the welding mechanism are started to simultaneously perform submerged arc welding on both sides of the web and wing plate joints, and the traveling mechanism is started to execute the welding stroke, driving the welding machine mechanisms on both sides to synchronously travel along the workpiece to the other end of the H-shaped workpiece; The welded workpiece is unloaded, and the pulley (15) and the loading platform (25) are reset to a standby state.

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