Lung cancer cell membrane coated polydopamine modified iron-based particle as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nano biological medicines, and particularly relates to a lung cancer cell membrane coated polydopamine modified iron-based particle as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing Fe3O4 by using an alkaline coprecipitation method, modifying polydopamine (PDA) through surface modified polyethylene glycol (PEG), loading an anti-lung cancer drug cis-platinum (Cis) on the surface of a Fe3O4 (at) PDA / PEG nanoparticle by using a hydrophobic effect to prepare Fe3O4 (at) PDA / PEG / Cis, and finally coating the surface of the Fe3O4 (at) PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticle with a cell membrane derived from lung cancer cells to finally prepare the nanoparticle LCM (at) Fe3O4 (at) PDA / PEG / Cis. The nano particles prepared by the invention can be specifically recognized and combined to a tumor part, and a drug cis-platinum is released by targeting a tumor; high-level glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment triggers PDA to degrade and release Fe3O4 particles inside, Fe3O4 reacts with H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment to release oxygen free radicals to poison tumor cells, Fe < 3 + > is reduced into Fe < 2 + > and accumulated in situ, the ferroptosis effect is amplified through Fenton reaction, and the tumor cells are killed cooperatively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nano-biomedicine, and in particular to iron-based particles modified by polydopamine coated with lung cancer cell membranes, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the treatment of many solid tumors, nanomedicines achieve passive tumor targeting due to their enhanced permeability and retention effects, making chemotherapy more effective. However, nanomedicines often have high recurrence rates, making the treatment of lung cancer unsatisfactory. Single nanomedicine treatment often requires large doses of drugs to achieve effective treatment, which inevitably produces serious toxic side effects, limiting its further clinical application.

[0003] Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles for drug delivery have become an emerging tumor-targeted modification method. Among them, cancer cell membranes have attracted widespread attention due to their ability to identify homologous tumors and tumor homing. Nanoparticles wrapped in cancer cell membranes combine the advantages of drug delivery and tumor targeting. This feature can be used to achieve more precise treatment, which is expected to reduce drug dosage and toxic side effects. However, while killing tumor cells, cancer resistance will inevitably occur, and cancer cells will be less sensitive to chemotherapy drugs, leading to the metastasis and invasion of cancer cells, resulting in unsatisfactory cancer treatment and prognosis. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above description, the present invention provides lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] The specific technical scheme of the present invention is:

[0006] A lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticle, which consists of a nano drug particle core and an outer cancer cell membrane. Polydopamine (PDA) with good biocompatibility is selected as the coating material, and ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) that triggers ferroptosis is loaded inside. In addition, PEG is modified on the surface of PDA to improve the biocompatibility and stability of PDA, reduce its immunogenicity and degradation rate in the body, and load the drug cisplatin; the outermost cancer cell membrane is a lung cancer cell membrane growing in the logarithmic phase.

[0007] (a) Preparation of Fe3O4 by alkaline co-precipitation method;

[0008] (ii) Polydopamine (PDA) modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) was modified on the surface of Fe3O4 to prepare Fe3O4@PDA / PEG;

[0009] (III) The anti-lung cancer drug cisplatin (Cis) was loaded on the surface of Fe3O4@PDA / PEG nanoparticles by utilizing hydrophobic interaction to prepare Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis;

[0010] (iv) Finally, the cell membrane derived from lung cancer cells is coated on the surface of Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles to finally prepare the nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis of the present invention.

[0011] Preferably, the Fe3O4 preparation method in step (1) specifically comprises:

[0012] (1) Mix a divalent iron salt (such as FeSO4·7H2O) and a trivalent iron salt (such as FeCl3·6H2O) in a molar ratio of 1.8:2 and dissolve them in a NaOH solution with a pH of 10;

[0013] (2) stirring the mixed solution of step (1) at a constant speed at a hydrothermal temperature of 55° C. for 4 hours, and then repeatedly washing the product with distilled water to remove impurities and unreacted ions; drying the washed product in a vacuum drying oven at 70° C. for 2 hours, and grinding the dried product into a nanometer-scale powder.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of polydopamine (PDA) modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the surface of Fe3O4 in step (ii) specifically comprises:

[0015] (1) Purified Fe3O4 (90 mg) and 180 mg dopamine (DA) were dissolved in 90 mL deionized water, and 1 M NaOH solution was added thereto. After oxidative self-polymerization under magnetic stirring for 5 h, polydopamine-coated ferrosoferric oxide nanoparticles Fe3O4@PDA were obtained;

[0016] (2) Polyethylene glycol was connected to the polydopamine layer by physical adsorption to prepare the Fe3O4@PDA / PEG complex.

[0017] Preferably, the cisplatin (Cis) in step (iii) is loaded on the surface of Fe3O4@PDA / PEG nanoparticles, and the method for preparing Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis specifically includes:

[0018] The pH was adjusted to 8, and the drug cisplatin Cis was added dropwise to the Fe3O4@PDA / PEG complex aqueous solution under light-proof conditions, and the mixture was mixed and stirred at a uniform speed for 1 to 2 hours to prepare Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis.

[0019] Preferably, the method for preparing nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis in step (iv) specifically comprises:

[0020] After extracting the cell membrane by the hypotonic method, the nanodrug particle core and the lung cancer cell membrane fragments were vortex-mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4, allowed to stand for 30 minutes, and then filtered 3 to 5 times through 1μm, 0.75μm and 0.45μm filter membranes according to the pore size from large to small to obtain lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis.

[0021] The lung cancer cell membrane fragments extracted in step (i) were dissolved in pure water, and then ultrasonic cell disruptors were used to obtain uniformly dispersed nanoscale cell membrane fragments. The nano drug particle cores and lung cancer cell membrane fragments were then vortexed and mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 1:4, allowed to stand for 30 minutes, and then filtered 3 to 5 times through 1μm, 0.75μm and 0.45μm filter membranes according to pore size from large to small, respectively, to obtain lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis.

[0022] The mechanism of action of the LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanomedicine prepared by the present invention for cancer cell treatment is as follows: the high level of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment is used to trigger the degradation of PDA to release the internal Fe3O4 particles, and Fe3O4 reacts with H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment to release free radicals (O2 ·- , ·OH) poisons tumor cells, Fe 3+ Reduced to Fe 2+ It accumulates in situ and amplifies the ferroptosis effect through the Fenton reaction. At the same time, the combination of cisplatin and GSH consumes a large amount of GSH in the cell, further affecting the activity of GPX4, resulting in the inability to effectively remove lipid peroxides, thereby synergistically promoting cisplatin-induced ferroptosis.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention utilizes tumor cell membranes derived from lung cancer cells, has good biocompatibility, can specifically recognize and bind to tumor sites, and release the drug cisplatin in a targeted manner. It can not only reduce the damage of drugs to normal cells and reduce toxic side effects, but also reduce the risk of drug resistance caused by tumor cells due to stress response.

[0025] The present invention achieves efficient synergy with the chemotherapy drug Cis by subtly regulating the redox balance of cells in the tumor microenvironment, enhancing the efficiency of ferroptosis treatment and further enhancing the treatment effect of lung cancer. In addition, relatively low doses of Cis chemotherapy drugs can stimulate powerful tumor killing ability, indicating an important step in overcoming lung cancer resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is the TEM morphology of the Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanodrug core, scale bar 100nm.

[0027] Figure 2 TEM morphology of Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles coated with lung cancer cell membrane, scale bar 100nm.

[0028] Figure 3 The results of the material biocompatibility test.

[0029] Figure 4 A is the fluorescence staining result of co-culture of LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles with A549 cells, HepG2 cells, and MCF7 cells, scale bar: 20 μm; Figure 4 B is Figure 4 Fluorescence quantitative analysis results of A.

[0030] Figure 5 These are the flow cytometry results after LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles were incubated with A549 cells for 4h, 16h, and 24h, respectively.

[0031] Figure 6 The relative GSH content results of A549 cells simulated by different cell treatments in vitro.

[0032] Figure 7 Flow cytometry was used to determine the level of ·OH produced by A549 cells after treatment with PBS, Cis, LCM@Fe3O4 / Cis, LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis and LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis+DFO.

[0033] Figure 8 (A) Tumor weight of A549 tumor-bearing mice treated with different administration methods; Figure 8 (B) is an image of tumors in mice after euthanasia.

[0034] Fig. 9 Representative images of H&E staining of A549 tumor-bearing mice treated with different drug administration methods. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0036] Example 1: A method for preparing lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles comprises the following steps:

[0037] 1. Extraction of lung cancer cell membrane:

[0038] Take lung cancer cells growing in the logarithmic phase, scrape the cells with a cell scraper, collect the cells by centrifugation at 700g, wash with isotonic pre-cooled PBS, discard the supernatant after centrifugation, add a hypotonic solution and ice bath for 15-20 minutes, repeatedly freeze and thaw the cell solution after the ice bath at room temperature and in liquid nitrogen until the cells are completely broken, then centrifuge at 700g to obtain the supernatant, centrifuge at 14000g to obtain the precipitate, which is the cell membrane fragment, and store the above cell membrane fragments at -80°C freeze-dried.

[0039] (II) Preparation of Nanoparticle Cores:

[0040] (1) Mix a divalent iron salt (such as FeSO4·7H2O) and a trivalent iron salt (such as FeCl3·6H2O) in a ratio of 1.8:2 and dissolve in a NaOH solution with a pH of 10;

[0041] (2) stirring the mixed solution of step (i) at a constant speed at a hydrothermal temperature of 55° C. for 4 hours, and then repeatedly washing the product with distilled water to remove impurities and unreacted ions; drying the washed product in a vacuum drying oven at 70° C. for 2 hours, and grinding the dried product into a nano-scale powder;

[0042] (3) The purified product (90 mg) of step (2) and 180 mg of dopamine (DA) were dissolved in 90 mL of deionized water, and 1 M NaOH solution was added thereto. After oxidative self-polymerization under magnetic stirring for 5 h, polydopamine-coated ferrosoferric oxide nanoparticles Fe3O4@PDA were obtained;

[0043] (4) In order to stabilize Fe3O4@PDA nanoparticles, polyethylene glycol was connected to the polydopamine layer by physical adsorption to prepare Fe3O4@PDA / PEG complex. Then, the pH was adjusted to 8, and the drug cisplatin Cis was added dropwise under light-proof conditions. The mixture was mixed and stirred at a uniform speed for 1 to 2 h to prepare Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis.

[0044] (III) Nanoparticle core is wrapped and fused with lung cancer cell membrane:

[0045] The lung cancer cell membrane fragments extracted in step (i) were dissolved in pure water, and then ultrasonic cell disruptors were used to obtain uniformly dispersed nanoscale cell membrane fragments. The nano drug particle cores and lung cancer cell membrane fragments were then vortexed and mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 1:4, allowed to stand for 30 minutes, and then filtered 3 to 5 times through 1μm, 0.75μm and 0.45μm filter membranes according to pore size from large to small, respectively, to obtain lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis.

[0046] Example 2: Characterization of Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis Nanodrug Cores and LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis Nanoparticles

[0047] Take an appropriate amount of the prepared sample to be tested and dissolve it in deionized water. After ultradispersion, take 8 μL and drop it on the carbon-coated copper mesh. Naturally adsorb and dry it at room temperature. Observe the morphology of the nanoparticles under a transmission electron microscope at 200 KV.

[0048] TEM characterization results of Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanodrug core before cancer cell membrane coating Figure 1 As shown in Figure 2, the structure is uniform and stable; the TEM characterization of LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles after coating lung cancer cell membrane is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 As shown, the LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis has a regular spherical structure with uniform size.

[0049] Example 3: Biocompatibility test of the material of the present invention

[0050] In order to further verify the biosafety performance of the materials of the present invention, Fe3O4, PDA / PEG, Fe3O4@PDA / PEG and LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG materials without drug Cis were prepared according to the LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticle preparation method of the present invention. Human normal lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B were selected as the cell model. BEAS-2B cells (8×10 3 ) were inoculated into 96-well plates, and 100 μL of culture medium was added to each well. After 24 hours of cell culture, the original culture medium was aspirated, and culture medium containing Fe3O4, PDA / PEG, Fe3O4@PDA / PEG and LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG was added, and the cells were cultured in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator for 24 hours. 10 μL of CCK-8 solution was added to each well of the plate, and after incubation for 1-3 hours, the absorbance at a wavelength of 450 nm was measured by an ELISA reader to calculate the cell viability.

[0051] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, the viability of BEAS-2B cells after Fe3O4 treatment is about 55%, indicating that Fe3O4 material has low-dose biotoxicity to normal lung cells; the viability of BEAS-2B cells after PDA / PEG treatment is about 87%, with good biocompatibility; and after Fe3O4@PDA / PEG treatment, the viability of BEAS-2B cells is about 85%, indicating that the Fe3O4 core is coated with PDA / PEG, which greatly reduces its cytotoxicity and improves biosafety; and the viability of Fe3O4@PDA / PEG cells coated with lung cancer cell membrane is about 97%, which further improves biocompatibility.

[0052] Example 4: Homologous targeting ability of lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis

[0053] In order to study the targeting ability of LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles to homologous cells, tetramethylrhodamine (TRITC)-labeled cisplatin (TRITC-CDDP) was used as a model drug, lung cancer cells A549 were selected, and liver cancer cells HepG2 and breast cancer cells MCF7 were used as controls. The operation steps were as follows: A549 cells, HepG2 cells and MCF7 cells were inoculated in confocal dishes, and the cell culture volume in each dish was 1×10 5 / mL, the amount of culture medium added was 1mL. After the cells were cultured for 24h and attached to the wall, LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles were added and cultured for another 24h. The liquid was then removed and the cells were washed with the corresponding culture medium. The corresponding culture medium containing 10μg / mL Hoechst 33342 was added for staining for 15 minutes, and the excess dye was washed with PBS buffer, and the cells were observed and quantitatively analyzed using a laser confocal microscope.

[0054] In order to verify the homologous targeting effect of LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles, Cis was used as a model drug, and the uptake of nanoparticles and intracellular drug distribution of different cancer cells A549, Hep-G2 and MCF7 were detected by laser confocal microscopy. LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles were co-incubated with the above cancer cells, such as Figure 4A shows that for homologous cancer cells A549, the targeting ability of LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles is much higher than that of the other two tumor cells (HepG2 cells and MCF7 cells). LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles show the highest recognition performance on homologous cells, and the fluorescence intensity in A549 cells is significantly higher than that in heterologous cancer cells (Hep-G2 and MCF7), with the fluorescence intensity being about 4 times higher ( Figure 4 B), which was significantly different from the other two groups (p<0.0001). The above results show that compared with heterologous cells, LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis has high targeting specificity for homologous cells.

[0055] Example 5: In vitro antitumor performance of lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis

[0056] A549 cells were seeded in cell culture flasks (1×10 6 / mL), and after culturing for 24h, LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles were added, and the cells were divided into groups for 4h, 16h, and 24h for further culturing. After culturing, the cells were washed with PBS, and trypsin without EDTA was added to carefully digest the cells. After centrifugation, PBS was added to resuspend the precipitate, and the cell density was adjusted to 1-5×10 5 / mL, according to the instructions of the kit, add 300μL Binding Buffer, gently blow the cells, then add 1μL Annexin V, mix well, add 0.5μL propidium iodide (PI), incubate in the dark for 20min, and finally detect on the flow cytometer.

[0057] Combination Figure 5 According to flow cytometry analysis, A549 cells treated with LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles for 24 hours (95.5%) had more apoptosis than those treated for 16 hours (79.1%). It is worth noting that LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles did not show high cytotoxicity when treated for 4 hours. This may be due to the good effect of lung cancer cell membrane coating and high biocompatibility. As lung cancer cell membranes target homologous cells, they release the core drug after recognizing and binding to homologous lung cancer cells. After co-culture for more than 16 hours, the cell viability was below 21%, and the in vitro anti-tumor performance was significantly enhanced.

[0058] Example 6: Lung cancer cell membrane coated polydopamine modified iron-based nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis ferroptosis Fenton reaction

[0059] (1) Simulating GSH to trigger PDA degradation

[0060] A549 cells were plated at 1×10 5 / mL of cells were seeded in a 6-well cell plate and cultured in a cell culture incubator at 37°C and 5% CO2 for 24 hours. The original culture medium was removed, and the cells were treated with culture medium containing LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis and LCM@Fe3O4 / Cis nanoparticles, respectively. A549 cells were cultured normally as a negative control. After 24 hours, the cells were lysed, centrifuged at 12000g for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was extracted and the GSH content was determined using a GSH detection kit.

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis simulates the high level of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment in vivo to trigger the degradation of PDA to release the internal Fe3O4 particles. First, the lung cancer cell membrane coated on the surface of LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles can effectively deliver the nanoparticles to the tumor cells. Then, the GSH in the tumor microenvironment destroys the PDA shell, leading to the release of Fe3O4. The reducing agents in the cells, especially GSH, convert Fe3O4 into 3+ Reduction to Fe 2+ , the intracellular GSH level dropped to about 40%; compared with the group LCM@Fe3O4 / Cis, the GSH level decreased more (80%).

[0062] (2) Detection of ferroptosis

[0063] A549 cells were plated at 1×10 5 / mL of cells were inoculated in a 6-well cell plate and cultured in a cell culture incubator at 37°C and 5% CO2 for 24h. The original culture medium was removed, and the cells were cultured for 24h with culture medium containing Cis, LCM@Fe3O4 / Cis, LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis, and LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis+DFO. According to the instructions of the kit, 1μM HPF working solution was added and incubated at 37°C for 1h, the staining working solution was aspirated, and the cells were gently washed 2-3 times with HHBS buffer and detected by flow cytometry.

[0064] Hydroxyphenylfluorescein (HPF), a ·OH-specific fluorescent probe, was used to confirm the generation of ·OH via the Fenton reaction in cells. Figure 7As shown, PBS is the negative control group, and the fluorescence shift of the Cis group and the LCM@Fe3O4 / Cis group did not shift significantly compared with the PBS negative control group, while the LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis group showed a significant FITC fluorescence shift, indicating that ·OH was generated in the cells through the Fenton reaction. DFO is an iron-dependent cell death inhibitor. The fluorescence shift of lung cancer cells treated with LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis+DFO returned to a negative level. The above results provide evidence for cell death caused by ferroptosis mediated by the LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles prepared in the present invention.

[0065] Example 7: In vivo antitumor performance of lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis

[0066] A549 cells (1x10 6 / mL) was subcutaneously injected into the lungs of each mouse in 50 μL PBS to establish a subcutaneous tumor-bearing mouse model. On the 5th day after inoculation, the tumor volume of the mouse reached about 50 mm 3 The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=5) with different administration methods: (1) PBS control group; (2) cisplatin and Cis; (3) Fe3O4@PDA / PEG (1 mg / mL, 100 μL); (4) Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis (1 mg / mL, 100 μL); (5) LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis (1 mg / mL, 100 μL). The mice were injected and the body weight and tumor size were recorded on the 5th, 7th, 10th and 13th days, and euthanized on the 14th day.

[0067] like Figure 8 As shown in Figure 2, among all treatment groups, the best therapeutic effect was achieved with LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles, with the mass of the tumor ( Figure 8 A) and volume ( Figure 8 In addition, through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tumor sections, LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis nanoparticles treatment showed the most significant tumor apoptosis and necrosis, and the other treatment groups had limited therapeutic effects on tumor cells with normal membrane morphology and nuclear structure ( Fig. 9 ).

[0068] The above is an exemplary description of the present invention, which is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticle, characterized in that: The nanoparticle is composed of a nanoparticle core of ferroferric oxide Fe3O4, a coating shell of polydopamine PDA and an outermost cancer cell membrane. The surface of the coating shell PDA is modified with PEG and loaded with drug cisplatin. The outermost cancer cell membrane is a lung cancer cell membrane growing in the logarithmic phase.

2. A method for preparing lung cancer cell membrane-coated polydopamine-modified iron-based nanoparticles, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Mix the divalent iron salt FeSO4·7H2O and the trivalent iron salt FeCl3·6H2O in a certain proportion, dissolve in a NaOH solution with a pH of 10, stir the mixed solution at a constant speed at a hydrothermal temperature of 55°C, stir for 4 hours, and then repeatedly wash the product with distilled water to remove impurities and unreacted ions; The washed product was placed in a vacuum drying oven at 70°C and dried for 2 h, and the dried product was ground into nano-scale powder; S2: The nano product prepared in step S1 and dopamine are dissolved in deionized water, and 1M NaOH solution is added thereto, and oxidative self-polymerization is carried out under magnetic stirring for 5 hours to obtain polydopamine-coated ferroferric oxide nanoparticles Fe3O4@PDA; S3: Connect polyethylene glycol to the polydopamine layer of the Fe3O4@PDA complex to obtain Fe3O4@PDA / PEG, adjust the pH, add the drug cisplatin Cis dropwise under light-proof conditions, and mix and stir at a uniform speed for 1 to 2 hours to prepare Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis; S4: A549 lung cancer cell membrane was extracted by hypotonic method, and lung cancer cell membrane fragments were obtained by ice bath ultrasonic treatment. Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis and lung cancer cell membrane fragments were vortex mixed evenly according to the proportion, allowed to stand for 30 minutes, and then filtered through filter membranes from large to small pore size for 3 to 5 times to obtain LCM@Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis.

3. The method for preparing iron-based nanoparticles according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the divalent iron salt and the trivalent iron salt are mixed in a molar ratio of 9:

10.

4. The method for preparing iron-based nanoparticles according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the purified Fe3O4@PDA product and dopamine DA are dissolved in a certain volume of deionized water, and the mass ratio of the Fe3O4@PDA product to dopamine DA is 1:

2.

5. The method for preparing iron-based nanoparticles according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the pH of the Fe3O4@PDA / PEG solution is adjusted to 8.

6. The method for preparing iron-based nanoparticles according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis and the lung cancer cell membrane fragments are vortex-mixed at a mass ratio of 1:

4.

7. The method for preparing iron-based nanoparticles according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the Fe3O4@PDA / PEG / Cis and lung cancer cell membrane fragments are vortexed and evenly mixed, and then filtered through 1 μm, 0.75 μm and 0.45 μm filter membranes for 3 to 5 times respectively.

8. Use of the iron-based nanoparticles according to claim 1 in preparing drugs for treating lung cancer.

9. The use of the iron-based nanoparticles according to claim 8 in preparing a drug for treating lung cancer, characterized in that: Reduce GSH levels in lung cancer cells and enhance ferroptosis effects.

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