Low-temperature device

Abstract

The low-temperature device comprises a heat exchange assembly, a refrigerant sleeve assembly, a sample rod assembly, a cold shield assembly and a shell assembly, the heat exchange assembly comprises a first heat exchanger, the refrigerant sleeve assembly comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, the outer pipe is arranged on the outer side of the inner pipe in a sleeving mode, one end of the inner pipe is provided with a refrigerant inlet, and the other end of the inner pipe communicates with the first heat exchanger; a refrigerant enters the outer pipe after being subjected to heat exchange through the first heat exchanger, one end of the outer pipe communicates with the first heat exchanger, and the other end is provided with a refrigerant outlet. The sample rod assembly is thermally coupled with the first heat exchanger; the heat exchange assembly, the refrigerant sleeve assembly, the sample rod assembly and the cold shield assembly are sleeved with the shell assembly, the cold shield assembly is arranged between the position where the heat exchange assembly and the sample rod assembly are located and the shell assembly, cooling capacity carried by refrigerants can be fully utilized, cooling capacity fluctuation of the refrigerants entering the first heat exchanger is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Therefore, the cooling of the measured object is quicker and controllable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement and testing, relates to the adjustment of the temperature of a sample to be tested, and specifically relates to a low-temperature device. Background Art

[0002] A cryostat is a device that can cool down or keep the sample or corresponding components under test in a low-temperature state. It can provide the necessary temperature conditions for testing the sample under test in a low-temperature state. It is a key component in equipment involving the detection of low-temperature states and superconducting states.

[0003] Most of the existing cryostats use refrigerants to flow and exchange heat near the object to be cooled to achieve cooling of the sample being tested. For example, CN112825278B discloses a cryostat structure and a magnetic resonance imaging device for a magnetic resonance imaging device, wherein a refrigerant container is disposed in a chamber, and a superconducting coil is stored in the refrigerant container in such a way that the superconducting coil is immersed in liquid refrigerant to cool the superconducting coil and maintain a low temperature state. However, when this method is used, the refrigerant usually flows through the object to be cooled and then enters a recovery path or a release path, which wastes the remaining cold carried by the refrigerant, and the cold capacity of the refrigerant is not fully utilized, which affects the cold capacity utilization efficiency of the refrigerant to a certain extent.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the cold capacity of the refrigerant in the low-temperature constant temperature, the present invention provides a low-temperature device, including a heat exchange component, a refrigerant sleeve component, a sample rod component, a cold shield component, and a shell component; the heat exchange component includes a first heat exchanger, the refrigerant sleeve component includes an inner tube and an outer tube, the outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube, one end of the inner tube is provided with a refrigerant inlet, and the other end is connected to the first heat exchanger, and the refrigerant enters the outer tube after heat exchange in the first heat exchanger, one end of the outer tube is connected to the first heat exchanger, and the other end is provided with a refrigerant outlet; the sample rod assembly is installed on the first heat exchanger and thermally coupled with the first heat exchanger; the shell assembly is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange component, the refrigerant sleeve assembly, the sample rod assembly, and the cold shield assembly, and the cold shield assembly is arranged between the position of the heat exchange component and the sample rod assembly and the shell assembly.

[0006] Preferably, a vacuum infusion tube is arranged inside the inner tube, one end of the vacuum infusion tube is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the other end of the vacuum infusion tube is connected to the first heat exchanger.

[0007] Optionally, at least one of the inner tube and the outer tube is constructed with hard tube sections at both ends and a flexible joint in the middle.

[0008] Further, the inner tube includes an inner tube flexible joint, and the outer tube includes an outer tube flexible joint.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner tube includes an inner tube flexible joint, the outer tube includes a first outer tube flexible joint and a second outer tube flexible joint, and a hard tube section is provided between the first outer tube flexible joint and the second outer tube flexible joint and is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube flexible joint.

[0010] Optionally, the heat exchange assembly further includes a second heat exchanger, which is thermally coupled to the inner tube and connected to the outer tube, and the refrigerant in the outer tube flows through the second heat exchanger when flowing from one side of the first heat exchanger to the refrigerant outlet side.

[0011] Preferably, the sample rod assembly comprises a sample rod, one side of the sample rod carrying the sample extends outward, and the other side of the sample rod is connected to the first heat exchanger; the sample rod is fixedly connected to the cold shield assembly via a heat insulation element.

[0012] Preferably, the housing assembly and the cold shield assembly are fixedly connected via a heat insulation element.

[0013] Optionally, the housing assembly and the cold shield assembly are respectively provided with observation windows, the observation windows are transparent, and the observation windows are substantially opposite to the position of the sample rod assembly that carries the object to be measured.

[0014] Preferably, the housing component is in a closed form, and the interior of the housing component is a vacuum environment.

[0015] Preferably, the first heat exchanger is provided with a tubular plug connector, and a base connected to and closing one end of the plug connector, the base protrudes circumferentially from the plug connector, a through hole is provided on the side of the plug connector close to the base, the outer tube is connected to the base and forms a gap with the plug connector, the inner tube is connected to an open end of the plug connector, and the sample rod assembly is connected to a side of the base away from the plug connector.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the refrigerant directly enters the first heat exchanger through the inner tube, thereby directly cooling the sample assembly and the object to be measured, which can fully reduce the loss of cooling capacity. The refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger flows out along the inner and outer tube interlayers, and the remaining cooling capacity of the refrigerant can be used to cool the tube walls of the inner and outer tubes, thereby reducing the cooling capacity loss of the refrigerant during the transportation process, and at the same time reducing the heat leakage of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the liquid outlet, so that the cooling capacity of the refrigerant can be fully utilized, so that the total amount of refrigerant required to cool the sample to a specified temperature is less.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the following beneficial effects are also achieved: 1. A heat-insulating element is used to fix the sample rod assembly in the cold screen assembly, and the cold screen assembly is fixed in the outer shell assembly, to ensure that the position of the sample rod assembly has good rigidity and reduce sample vibration; 2. A second heat exchanger is arranged to export the remaining cold energy to the cold screen wrapping the sample assembly, to reduce heat leakage and reduce refrigerant consumption; 3. A flexible joint is provided in the inner tube and the outer tube connected to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, to ensure that the sample rod assembly will not drift in position due to the thermal stress of the inner tube and the outer tube, to reduce vibration caused by the flow of refrigerant, and to reduce stress and deformation caused by temperature changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a low-temperature device provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure inside the housing assembly of the illustrated embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the illustrated embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A.

[0022] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of part A of an embodiment in which a vacuum infusion tube is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose and features of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use inaccurate ratios, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention provides a low temperature device, including a heat exchange component, a refrigerant sleeve component, a sample rod component, a cold shield component, and a shell component. The heat exchange component includes a first heat exchanger 110 and a second heat exchanger 120. The refrigerant sleeve component includes an inner tube 210 and an outer tube 220. The inner tube 210 can be used as a flow path for the refrigerant. The outer tube 220 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube 210, so that a flow path for the refrigerant is formed on the inner side of the outer tube 210 and the outer side of the inner tube 220. The refrigerant flows from the inner tube 210 to the outer tube 220 and then flows out of the refrigerant sleeve component. Specifically, a refrigerant inlet 214 can be provided at one end of the inner tube 210, and the other end is connected to the first heat exchanger 110. The refrigerant enters the outer tube 220 after heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 110. One end of the outer tube 220 is connected to the first heat exchanger 110, and a refrigerant outlet 226 is provided at the other end.

[0025] The sample rod assembly is installed on the first heat exchanger 110 and is thermally coupled to the first heat exchanger 110, so that the temperature of the first heat exchanger 110 can affect the temperature of the sample rod assembly to adjust the temperature of the object carried by the sample rod assembly. Specifically, in some cases, the refrigerant can cool the first heat exchanger 110 and drive the sample rod assembly to cool down, so that the temperature of the object carried by the sample rod assembly reaches a preset temperature, so that the object is in a low temperature state.

[0026] The outer shell assembly is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange assembly, the refrigerant sleeve assembly, the sample rod assembly, and the cold shield assembly. The cold shield assembly is arranged between the heat exchange assembly, the sample rod assembly and the outer shell assembly. The cold shield assembly is used to isolate and control the temperature in the cold shield assembly area, minimize the impact of ambient heat energy on the low-temperature area inside the equipment, and improve the insulation effect of the entire system, especially the sample rod assembly and the heat exchange assembly.

[0027] In some cases, a vacuum infusion tube 230 may be further provided inside the inner tube 210, and one end of the vacuum infusion tube 230 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 214, and the other end is connected to the first heat exchanger 110, so as to reduce the loss of the refrigerant before entering the first heat exchanger 110, so as to further improve the low-temperature effect of the first heat exchanger 110. When the vacuum infusion tube 230 is provided, a sealing ring may be provided between the vacuum infusion tube 230 and the inner tube 210, so as to prevent the refrigerant in the vacuum infusion tube 230 from entering the inner side of the inner tube 210, so as to prevent the loss of the refrigerant.

[0028] When the vacuum infusion tube 230 is provided, the refrigerant passes through the vacuum infusion tube 230, the first heat exchanger 110, the interlayer formed by the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220, the second heat exchanger 120, the interlayer formed by the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220, and the refrigerant outlet 226 in sequence. During the movement of the refrigerant, the loss of cold energy when moving in the vacuum infusion tube 230 is extremely low, and the refrigerant can reach the first heat exchanger 110 with more cold energy and lower temperature, so as to fully exchange heat at the first heat exchanger 110, so that the sample rod assembly and the sample can reach an extremely low temperature; after heat exchange at the first heat exchanger 110, the refrigerant passes through the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220. 0 and the outer tube 220 continue to move, and the remaining cold energy is used to cool the tube walls of the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220, so as to enhance the thermal insulation effect of the inner side of the inner tube 210 and the vacuum infusion tube 230; further heat exchange and residual cold energy are used through the second heat exchanger 120 to further cool the cold screen and / or the outer tube 220 and / or the inner tube 210 connected to the second heat exchanger 120, so as to further enhance the thermal insulation effect; after the refrigerant passes through the second heat exchanger 120, the interlayer formed by the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220 continues to move, which can also enhance the thermal insulation effect of the inner side of the inner tube 210 and the vacuum infusion tube 230.

[0029] The inner tube 210 , the outer tube 220 , the flexible joint and the vacuum infusion tube 230 are all made of materials with low thermal conductivity to improve the thermal insulation effect.

[0030] As for the vacuum infusion tube 230, as a preferred embodiment, a combination of a hard tube and a flexible joint can be used, or a flexible tube can be used.

[0031] See also Figure 4 , shows a flow path of a refrigerant, wherein the arrow in the refrigerant sleeve assembly represents a feasible flow direction of the refrigerant. The refrigerant enters the inner tube 210 through the refrigerant inlet 214, flows in the inner tube 210 and reaches the first heat exchanger 110. In the first heat exchanger 110, the refrigerant performs a first heat exchange with the first heat exchanger 110, so that the temperature of the first heat exchanger 110 is reduced. Accordingly, the sample rod assembly is effectively cooled due to thermal coupling with the first heat exchanger 110. After passing through the first heat exchanger 110, the refrigerant enters the outer tube. When the refrigerant flows in the outer tube, one side of its flow path is the wall of the inner tube 210, and the other side is the wall of the outer tube 220. Although the refrigerant loses some cooling capacity when passing through the first heat exchanger 110, some cooling capacity is still retained, and a flow path for the refrigerant is formed on the inner side of the outer tube 210 and the outer side of the inner tube 220, which forms a narrow hydraulic diameter and a large heat exchange area, thereby ensuring that the refrigerant can fully exchange heat with the outer tube 210 and the inner tube 220, so as to utilize the remaining cooling capacity of the refrigerant to cool the tube walls of the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220, so that the temperature between the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220 tends to be consistent, so as to keep the temperature of the inner tube 210 at a relatively low temperature, thereby reducing the cooling capacity loss when the refrigerant in the inner tube 210 flows. In actual use, the refrigerant can be used to quickly cool the inner tube 210, the first heat exchanger 110, and the outer tube 220, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the cold carried by the refrigerant and making full use of the cold carried by the refrigerant. In the process of cooling the sample rod assembly, the cold fluctuation of the refrigerant entering the first heat exchanger 110 is reduced, making the cooling of the first heat exchanger 110 and the sample rod assembly faster and more controllable.

[0032] In addition, the temperature of the first heat exchanger 110 may be maintained within a certain range by controlling the refrigerant.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 4At least one of the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220 is constructed in the form of a hard tube section at both ends and a flexible joint in the middle. By using the flexible joint, the vibration of the external part of the inner tube 210 and / or the outer tube 220 is isolated, thereby reducing the vibration of the first heat exchanger 110 and the sample rod assembly, so that the position of the object to be measured remains stable. As a feasible way, the inner tube 210 includes an inner tube flexible joint 212, and the outer tube 220 includes an outer tube flexible joint 222. In addition, the low rigidity and freedom of the flexible joint in its axial direction can also be used to compensate for the low-temperature deformation of the inner tube 210 and / or the outer tube 220 caused by temperature changes, so that when the temperature of the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220 changes, the position of the sample rod assembly remains unchanged, thereby keeping the position of the object to be measured carried by the sample rod assembly unchanged; in addition, the flexible joint can also prevent the inner tube 210, the outer tube 220, the sample rod assembly and other components from being affected by temperature stress.

[0034] The flexible joint may be a corrugated pipe, a pipe section or a joint made of other soft materials, or a pipe joint constructed in a flexible form, such as a metal flexible joint.

[0035] Other numbers of flexible joints may also be provided on the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220 to meet corresponding requirements. Figure 3 , Figure 4 The inner tube 210 includes an inner tube flexible joint 212, and the outer tube 220 includes a first outer tube flexible joint 222 and a second outer tube flexible joint 224. A hard pipe section 223 is provided between the first outer tube flexible joint 222 and the second outer tube flexible joint 224 and is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube flexible joint. This arrangement avoids the flexible joints from being nested with each other, thereby avoiding the impact of the refrigerant flow on other flexible joints caused by the rupture of some flexible joints, so as to improve the overall robustness of the device.

[0036] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220 can be provided with a flexible joint. The inner tube 210 is taken as an example for explanation below: the inner tube 210 can be composed of a first hard inner tube 211, an inner tube flexible joint 212, and a second hard inner tube 213, and the two ends of the inner tube flexible joint 212 are respectively connected to the first hard inner tube 211 and the second hard inner tube 213 to form a tubular inner tube 210; under normal circumstances, the first heat exchanger 110 and the refrigerant inlet 214 can be fixed to the hard pipe section more stably. For example, the first heat exchanger 110 can be fixed to the end of the second hard inner tube 213 that is not connected to the inner tube flexible joint 212, and the refrigerant inlet 214 can be fixed to the first hard inner tube 211.

[0037] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 The inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220 may also be provided with multiple flexible joints. The outer tube 220 is taken as an example for explanation below: the outer tube 220 may be connected in sequence by a first rigid outer tube 221, a first outer tube flexible joint 222, a second rigid outer tube 223, a second outer tube flexible joint 224, and a third rigid outer tube 225 to form a tubular outer tube 220; usually, the first heat exchanger 110 and the refrigerant outlet 226 may be fixed relatively stably to the rigid tube section. For example, the first heat exchanger 110 is fixed to the end of the third rigid outer tube 225 that is not connected to the flexible joint, and the refrigerant outlet 226 is provided on the first rigid outer tube 221.

[0038] In some cases, a heat exchange component may be further provided to fully utilize the cooling capacity of the refrigerant in the outer tube 220. Figure 3 , Figure 4 The heat exchange component can also include a second heat exchanger 120, which is thermally coupled to the inner tube 210 and connected to the outer tube 220. A pipeline 121 for the flow of refrigerant is provided in the second heat exchanger 120. The refrigerant in the outer tube 220 flows through the second heat exchanger 120 when flowing from the first heat exchanger 110 to the refrigerant outlet 226, so that the refrigerant exchanges heat in the second heat exchanger 120, and then cools the inner tube 210 through the second heat exchanger 120.

[0039] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 When the second heat exchanger 120 is provided, the outer tube 220 can be composed of a first hard outer tube 221, a first outer tube flexible joint 222, a second hard outer tube 223, a second outer tube flexible joint 224, and a third hard outer tube 225 connected in sequence, and the second heat exchanger 120 is fixed to the position of the second hard outer tube 223. The outer tube flexible joints 222 and 224 at both ends of the second hard outer tube 223 are used to isolate the vibration and displacement that may be generated when the refrigerant flows through the second heat exchanger 120 from affecting other components, especially reducing the impact on the sample rod assembly.

[0040] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4In some cases, the first heat exchanger 110 can be connected to the hard pipe sections of the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220 at the same time. By respectively providing flexible joints in the inner tube 210 and the outer tube 220, the position of the sample rod assembly can be kept unchanged at all times, and the inner tube 210, the outer tube 220, the sample rod assembly and other components are not affected by temperature stress. When the second heat exchanger 120 is provided, the second heat exchanger 120 can be connected to the outer tube 220, and at least one flexible joint 224 can be provided between the first heat exchanger 110 and the second heat exchanger 120 of the outer tube 220, so as to compensate for the temperature strain of the outer tube 220 and reduce the vibration transmission between the first heat exchanger 110 and the second heat exchanger 120; a flexible joint 222 can also be provided between the second heat exchanger 120 and the refrigerant outlet 226, and a flexible joint 212 can also be provided between the first heat exchanger 110 and the refrigerant inlet 214, so as to respectively compensate for the corresponding temperature strain and reduce the vibration transmission between the heat exchanger and the refrigerant inlet and outlet. If multiple second heat exchangers are arranged in the outer tube 220, the outer tube 220 can add flexible joints or corresponding flexible connection components between the heat exchangers accordingly. In addition, corresponding cold screens can be provided on the second heat exchangers as needed, and multiple cold screens can be wrapped in sequence.

[0041] The sample rod assembly includes a sample rod, the sample-bearing side 310 of the sample rod extends outward, and the other side 320 is connected to the first heat exchanger 110; the sample rod is fixedly connected to the cold shield assembly through a heat-insulating element, and the heat-insulating element can be made of a low-thermal-conductivity heat-insulating material to achieve heat insulation, or can be set up with a specific heat-insulating structure that can reduce thermal conductivity to achieve heat insulation. It should be noted that the sample-bearing side 310 of the sample rod extends outward, which means that one end of the sample rod is fixed, and the other end extends from the fixed position to other positions, and it is not required to extend to the outside of a certain component. Please refer to Figure 3 to Figure 4 , shows a sample rod assembly and a connection method between the sample rod assembly and the cold shield assembly, specifically, the sample carrying end 310 of the sample rod extends to one side, and the fixed end 320 of the sample rod is fixed to the first heat exchanger 110; the cold shield assembly is provided with a sample rod section 410 and a connecting section 420, the sample rod section 410 is sleeved on the sample carrying end 310 and fixed to the connecting section 420, a sample rod fixing part 422 is provided in the connecting section 420, the sample rod is fixed to the sample rod fixing part 422, and the sample rod fixing part 422 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting section 420. More specifically, the sample rod can be connected to the sample rod fixing part 422 through the fixed end 320, so as to facilitate the installation and fixation of the sample rod.

[0042] In addition, the cold shield assembly may also be provided with a heat exchanger section 430, which is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange assembly and fixed to the connection section 420 of the cold shield assembly. Figure 3 , Figure 4, the heat exchanger section 430 is at least sleeved on the outside of the first heat exchanger 110; when the second heat exchanger 120 is provided, the heat exchanger section 430 can also be sleeved on the outside of the second heat exchanger 120, thereby further isolating the heat exchange component from the external environment. Figure 4 The heat exchanger section 430 may also be directly connected to the second heat exchanger 120 to cool the cold shield assembly through the second heat exchanger 120, further reducing the heat exchange between the inside and outside of the cold shield assembly.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 3 , the shell assembly and the cold shield assembly can be fixedly connected through the heat insulation element 560. Specifically, the shell assembly is provided with a sample rod segment 510, a connecting segment 520, and a refrigerant sleeve segment 530. The sample rod segment 510 of the shell assembly is sleeved on the sample rod segment 410 of the cold shield assembly, the connecting segment 520 of the shell assembly is sleeved on the connecting segment 420 of the cold shield assembly, and the refrigerant sleeve segment 530 is sleeved on the outside of the refrigerant sleeve assembly; as a feasible connection method, a connector joint 421 is provided on the outside of the connecting segment 420 of the cold shield assembly, and the connector joint 421 is connected to the inner side of the connecting segment 520 of the shell assembly through the heat insulation element 560, thereby realizing the connection between the cold shield assembly and the shell assembly. When the cold shield assembly is provided with a heat exchanger segment 430, the heat exchanger segment 430 of the cold shield assembly can also be located in the refrigerant sleeve segment 530 of the shell assembly, and at least partially located on the inner side of the connecting segment 520 of the shell assembly.

[0044] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 In order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of each component, the shell component can be provided with a shell end cover 521 on the connecting section 520, and the connecting section 520 is closed by the shell end cover 521; the cold shield component can be provided with a cold shield end cover 422 on the connecting section 420, and the connecting section 420 is closed by the cold shield end cover 422; when in use, the shell end cover 521 and the cold shield end cover 422 can be removed to connect and fix the sample rod assembly and the first heat exchanger 110, and the shell end cover 521 can also be removed to fix the cold shield assembly.

[0045] In some cases, observation windows 540 and 411 may be provided at the sample rod sections 510 and 410 of the outer shell assembly and the cold shield assembly, respectively. The observation windows 540 and 411 are transparent and are substantially opposite to the position of the sample rod assembly that carries the object to be measured, so as to facilitate observation of the object to be measured carried by the sample rod assembly from the outside of the low-temperature device.

[0046] The housing assembly can be constructed in a closed form, and a vacuum environment can be created inside the housing assembly to further reduce heat exchange between the components inside the housing assembly and the external environment, thereby ensuring a cooling effect. In order to facilitate the construction of a vacuum environment inside the housing assembly, a vent hole 550 can be provided on the housing assembly, so that the gas inside the housing assembly can be extracted through the vent hole 550 to create a vacuum environment.

[0047] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 In some cases, in order to facilitate the transfer of refrigerant and the connection of pipelines, some components of the refrigerant sleeve assembly can be extended to the outside of the shell assembly, for example, the outer tube 220 is extended to the outside of the shell assembly, and a refrigerant outlet 226 is set on the outer tube 220 outside the shell assembly; the refrigerant outlet 226 end of the outer tube 220 is extended out of the shell assembly; and the refrigerant inlet 214 of the inner tube 210 is set outside the shell assembly. It should be noted that even if part of the refrigerant sleeve assembly is extended out of the shell, since a flexible joint can be provided in the refrigerant sleeve assembly, the heat transfer performance of the flexible joint is poor, and the part of the refrigerant sleeve assembly extending out of the shell assembly can be substantially isolated from the part of the refrigerant sleeve assembly connected to the heat exchange assembly in terms of heat transfer, thereby ensuring the cooling and temperature maintenance effect of the low-temperature device on the object to be measured. The refrigerant inlet 214 can be set as a vacuum infusion tube 230 to reduce the loss of refrigerant input.

[0048] The structure of the heat exchange component can be spiral, needle-punched, slit, etc. It can also be set with a smaller hydraulic diameter and a larger heat exchange area, and use high-purity copper, aluminum and other materials with high thermal conductivity at low temperatures, so that the heat exchange component has a higher heat exchange efficiency. Figure 4, shows a feasible structure of the first heat exchanger 110. Specifically, the first heat exchanger 110 is provided with a tubular plug connector 111, a base 113 connected and closed at one end of the plug connector 111, and a path for the flow of refrigerant is formed inside the tubular plug connector 111. The base 113 protrudes from the plug connector 111 in the circumferential direction, and the outer tube 220 is connected to the base 113 for the flow of refrigerant. A through hole 112 is provided on the side of the plug connector 111 close to the base 113, so that the refrigerant can flow from the inside of the plug connector 111 to the outside. The inner tube 210 is connected to the open end of the plug connector 111, so that the refrigerant in the inner tube 210 can enter the inside of the plug connector 111, and flow from the through hole 112 provided on the side of the plug connector 111 to the outside of the plug connector 111, and then flow into the outer tube 220 through the gap between the plug connector 111 and the outer tube 220. When the refrigerant flows through the first heat exchanger 111, the refrigerant releases coldness and reduces the temperature of the first heat exchanger 110. The sample rod assembly is connected to the side of the base 113 away from the plug connector 111, thereby cooling the sample rod assembly. The form of the plug connector 111 and the through hole 112 can also be adjusted as needed, for example, by increasing the side wall area of ​​the tubular passage in the plug connector 111, increasing the hole wall area of ​​the through hole 112, and adding fins to the flow path of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 110, etc., to further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchanger 110.

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention, so the above is only an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also includes various equivalent changes and improvements, which will fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A cryogenic device, characterized in that: Including heat exchange assembly, refrigerant sleeve assembly, sample rod assembly, cold shield assembly, shell assembly; The heat exchange assembly includes a first heat exchanger, and the refrigerant sleeve assembly includes an inner tube and an outer tube, wherein the outer tube is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube, a refrigerant inlet is provided at one end of the inner tube, and the other end is connected to the first heat exchanger, and the refrigerant enters the outer tube after heat exchange in the first heat exchanger, and one end of the outer tube is connected to the first heat exchanger, and a refrigerant outlet is provided at the other end; The sample rod assembly is mounted on the first heat exchanger and thermally coupled to the first heat exchanger; The shell assembly is sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange assembly, the refrigerant sleeve assembly, the sample rod assembly, and the cold shield assembly. The cold shield assembly is arranged between the heat exchange assembly, the sample rod assembly and the shell assembly.

2. A cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vacuum infusion tube is arranged inside the inner tube, one end of the vacuum infusion tube is connected to the refrigerant inlet, and the other end of the vacuum infusion tube is connected to the first heat exchanger.

3. A cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the inner tube and the outer tube is constructed in a form with hard tube sections at both ends and a flexible joint in the middle.

4. A cryogenic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner tube comprises an inner tube flexible joint, and the outer tube comprises an outer tube flexible joint.

5. A cryogenic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner tube includes an inner tube flexible joint, and the outer tube includes a first outer tube flexible joint and a second outer tube flexible joint. A hard tube section is arranged between the first outer tube flexible joint and the second outer tube flexible joint and is sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube flexible joint.

6. A cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly also includes a second heat exchanger, which is thermally coupled to the inner tube and connected to the outer tube. The refrigerant in the outer tube flows through the second heat exchanger when flowing from the first heat exchanger to the refrigerant outlet.

7. A cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample rod assembly comprises a sample rod, one side of the sample rod carrying the sample extends outward, and the other side of the sample rod is connected to the first heat exchanger; the sample rod is fixedly connected to the cold shield assembly via a heat insulation element.

8. A cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell assembly is fixedly connected to the cold shield assembly via a heat insulation element.

9. A cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing assembly and the cold shield assembly are respectively provided with observation windows, which are transparent and substantially face the position of the sample rod assembly that carries the object to be measured.

10. A cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell component is in a closed form, and the interior of the shell component is a vacuum environment.

11. A cryogenic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat exchanger is provided with a tubular plug connector and a base connected to and closing one end of the plug connector, the base protrudes from the plug connector in the circumferential direction, a through hole is opened on the side of the plug connector close to the base, the outer tube is connected to the base and forms a gap with the plug connector, the inner tube is connected to an open end of the plug connector, and the sample rod assembly is connected to the side of the base away from the plug connector.

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