Car coupler angle adjusting device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle coupling, and particularly discloses a coupler angle adjusting device and method. The car coupler angle adjusting device comprises a stress guide rod which is arranged on a first car coupler of a first compartment, and the first car coupler is hinged to the first compartment. The connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on a second car coupler of the second carriage, the second car coupler is hinged to the second carriage, one end of each connecting rod is hinged to the second car coupler, the other end of each connecting rod is provided with a roller, a spring is arranged between the connecting rods, and an included angle is formed between the connecting rods; by means of the stress guide rods, the connecting rods and the rollers on the connecting rods, automatic adjustment can be achieved when the car couplers of the two rows of carriages are located at different angles, manual participation is not needed in the whole process, and the car coupler adjusting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicle coupling, and in particular to a coupler angle adjustment device and method. Background Art

[0002] A coupler is a hook at both ends of a train car or locomotive, which has the functions of connection, traction, buffering and separation. At present, the connection method of railway trains is to connect two cars through a coupler. When coupling, the shunter usually sends a coupling signal, and the shunter driver pushes the front car to connect with the rear car.

[0003] However, in order to adapt to the straightness and curvature of the line, the coupler is specially set to a structure that can swing left and right relative to the car body, that is, the coupler can move around a fixed axis. When two cars are connected to each other, it is necessary to ensure that the longitudinal center lines of the two butted coupler hook bodies are basically on the same straight line for correct connection. However, in actual situations, if the cars are on a curve in the railway or cannot be aligned for other reasons, it is necessary to manually adjust the coupler angles so that the two coupler angles are roughly aligned to achieve the purpose of successful connection. The whole process is time-consuming and inefficient, and it is impossible to quickly align the couplers of the two cars. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a coupler angle adjustment device and method for solving the problem in the prior art that couplers cannot be quickly aligned when the angles are different.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a coupler angle adjustment device for connecting couplers of two carriages, comprising:

[0006] A force guide rod, arranged on a first hook of a first carriage, wherein the first hook is hinged to the first carriage;

[0007] A connecting rod is symmetrically arranged on the second hook of the second carriage, the second hook is hinged to the second carriage, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second hook, the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a roller, a spring is provided between the connecting rods, and an angle is formed between the connecting rods;

[0008] The roller and the force guide rod have a proximity position in which they do not contact each other and a contact position in which they contact each other. When in the proximity position, the angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are different. When in the contact position, the angle increases, and the first coupler and the second coupler rotate around the carriage respectively until the angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are consistent.

[0009] Optionally, the connecting rod comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second coupler, and one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the second coupler;

[0010] The roller includes a first roller and a second roller, the first roller is rotatably connected to the free end of the first connecting rod, and the second roller is rotatably connected to the free end of the second connecting rod.

[0011] Optionally, a first fixing seat is provided on the first coupler, and the first fixing seat includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate, the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the first coupler, the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are detachably connected, and the force guide rod is fixedly connected to the first fixing plate.

[0012] Optionally, a second fixing seat is provided on the second coupler, and the second fixing seat includes a third fixing plate and a fourth fixing plate, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the second coupler, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are detachably connected, and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged on the third fixing plate.

[0013] Optionally, a first fixing block is provided on the first connecting rod, a second fixing block is provided on the second connecting rod, and both ends of the spring are fixed on the first fixing block and the second fixing block respectively. When in the contact position, the first roller and the second roller move away from each other, and the spring is stretched by force.

[0014] Optionally, a first mounting position is provided on each of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, and a first fastening bolt is provided on the first mounting position.

[0015] Optionally, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are both provided with a second mounting position, and the first mounting position is provided with a second fastening bolt.

[0016] The present invention also proposes a coupler angle adjustment method, using the above coupler angle adjustment device, comprising:

[0017] When the first carriage approaches the second carriage, the first coupler and the second coupler have different angles;

[0018] The first roller or the second roller arranged on the first connecting rod is in contact with the force guide rod;

[0019] The force of the first roller or the second roller drives the first coupler to rotate, and the first roller rolls on the force guide rod until the other roller contacts the force guide rod. The angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are consistent, and the carriages continue to approach, and the first coupler and the second coupler engage.

[0020] Optionally, the method in which the other roller contacts the force guide rod and the angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are consistent includes:

[0021] The first roller or the second roller contacts the force guide rod and rolls on the force guide rod, and the second coupler rotates on the second carriage, and the rotation direction of the second coupler is opposite to that of the first coupler;

[0022] The carriages continue to approach, and the first coupler and the second coupler continue to rotate until the second roller contacts the force guide rod, and the first coupler and the second coupler stop rotating, and the angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are the same.

[0023] Optionally, the carriages continue to approach each other, and the method for engaging the first coupler and the second coupler comprises:

[0024] The first roller and the second roller continuously roll on the force guide rod and move away from each other, and the spring is stretched so that the first coupler and the second coupler always maintain the same angle;

[0025] The first coupler and the second coupler are in contact with each other and are connected at the same angle.

[0026] As described above, the coupler angle adjustment device and method proposed by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a force-bearing guide rod and a connecting rod. When the first coupler approaches the second coupler, the roller on the connecting rod will eventually contact the force-bearing guide rod, so that the couplers of the two carriages can be automatically aligned and engage with each other when the carriages get closer. The entire process does not require human intervention, and the couplers can be quickly and accurately aligned and effectively connected.

[0028] (2) Compared with the prior art, the present invention can be used at any time in a complex railway environment through a purely mechanical structure, without the involvement of a control system, and does not require complex electrical control and detection. It has an ingenious and simple structure, low maintenance cost, and better reliability. It is more suitable for open-air, high-dust working conditions in factories, mines, railways, etc.

[0029] (3) Compared with the prior art, the present invention can also enable the coupler to be transformed to a consistent angle when the carriage is on a curve, thereby improving the scope of application of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler before adjustment in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure after the coupler is adjusted in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 The diagram shows the couplers of one embodiment of the present invention after being engaged with each other.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] The first carriage 1, the first coupler 2, the second carriage 3, the second coupler 4, the force guide rail 5, the first fixing seat 6, the first fastening bolt 7, the second fixing seat 8, the second fastening bolt 9, the first connecting rod 10, the first roller 11, the second connecting rod 12, the second roller 13, the spring 14, and the mating surface 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that the diagram provided in the present embodiment only illustrates the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, so the diagram only shows the components related to the present invention rather than drawing according to the number, shape and size of the components during actual implementation. The type, quantity and ratio of each component during actual implementation can be a random change, and the component layout type may also be more complicated. The structure, ratio, size, etc. illustrated in the drawings of the present specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions that the present invention can implement, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effect that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of narration, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The change or adjustment of its relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention proposes a coupler angle adjustment device for connecting couplers of two carriages, comprising:

[0038] A force guide rod is arranged on the first coupler 2 of the first carriage 1, and the first coupler 2 is hinged to the first carriage 1;

[0039] A connecting rod is symmetrically arranged on the second coupler 4 of the second carriage 3, the second coupler 4 is hinged to the second carriage 3, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second coupler 4, the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a roller, a spring 14 is provided between the connecting rods, and an angle is formed between the connecting rods;

[0040] The roller and the force guide rod have a proximity position in which they do not contact each other and a contact position in which they contact each other. When in the proximity position, the angles of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are different. When in the contact position, the angle increases, and the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 rotate around the carriage respectively until the angles of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are consistent.

[0041] In this embodiment, by setting the force guide rod and the connecting rod, when the first coupler 2 approaches the second coupler 4, the roller on the connecting rod will eventually contact the force guide rod, so that the couplers of the two carriages can be automatically aligned and engage with each other as the carriages get closer. The whole process does not require human intervention, and the couplers can be aligned quickly and accurately and effectively connected.

[0042] In this embodiment, the couplers of the two carriages are adjusted through a purely mechanical structure, which can be used at any time in a complex railway environment. No control system involvement is required, and no complex electrical control and detection are required. The structure is ingenious and simple, with low maintenance costs and better reliability. It is more suitable for open-air, high-dust and other operating conditions in factories, mines and railways.

[0043] In this embodiment, if the carriage is on a curve, the coupler can also be changed to a consistent angle, thereby improving the scope of application of the present invention.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, the connecting rod includes a first connecting rod 10 and a second connecting rod 12, one end of the first connecting rod 10 is hinged to the second coupler 4, and one end of the second connecting rod 12 is hinged to the second coupler 4;

[0045] The rollers include a first roller 11 and a second roller 13 . The first roller 11 is rotatably connected to a free end of a first connecting rod 10 , and the second roller 13 is rotatably connected to a free end of a second connecting rod 12 .

[0046] In this embodiment, the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting rod 12 are both hinged on the second coupler 4 to facilitate opening or resetting of the angle, thereby achieving precise guidance, and the guidance is mainly performed by the first roller 11 and the second roller 13. When the angles of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are different and need to be adjusted, the first roller 11 or the second roller 13 first contacts the force guide rod, and after the first roller 11 or the second roller 13 contacts, the other roller contacts the force guide rod to make the angles of the two couplers consistent for easy engagement, thereby forming a guiding mechanism. In this embodiment, due to the action of the spring 14, the angles of the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting rod 12 remain unchanged in the natural state.

[0047] Exemplarily, the first coupler 2 is provided with a first fixing seat 6, and the first fixing seat 6 includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate (not shown in the figure), the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the first coupler 2, the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are detachably connected, and the force guide rod is fixedly connected to the first fixing plate. The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are both provided with a first mounting position, and the first mounting position is provided with a first fastening bolt 7. In this embodiment, due to cost and actual conditions, the coupler body cannot be improved, so the first fixing seat 6 is formed by the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate in a form similar to a clamping seat, which are respectively arranged above and below the first coupler 2, and are locked by a plurality of first fastening bolts 7 to achieve fixation with the coupler. In this embodiment, the force guide rod is installed on the first fixing plate, and its installation and disassembly are more convenient. The force guide rod is installed on the first fixing plate by screws or bolts.

[0048] Exemplarily, the second coupler 4 is provided with a second fixing seat 8, and the second fixing seat 8 includes a third fixing plate and a fourth fixing plate (not shown in the figure), the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the second coupler 4, the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are detachably connected, and the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting rod 12 are hinged on the third fixing plate. The third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are both provided with a second mounting position, and the first mounting position is provided with a second fastening bolt 9. In this embodiment, the connection method of the second fixing seat 8 and the second coupler 4 is the same as that of the first fixing seat 6, so as to realize the effective connection between the second fixing seat 8 and the second coupler 4.

[0049] It is worth mentioning that, in the present embodiment, the first contact surface of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 during engagement is the mating surface 15, while in the present invention, when the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting rod 12 are provided, they themselves have an angle, and in a natural state, the axis line connecting the two rollers needs to be parallel to the mating surface 15, and correspondingly, the axis line of the force guide rod also needs to be parallel to the mating surface 15, therefore, when the first roller 11 and the second roller 13 are in contact with the force guide rod at the same time, it is possible to effectively ensure that the mating surfaces 15 of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are parallel, and the angles of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 can be consistent, thereby enabling engagement.

[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, a first fixed block is provided on the first connecting rod 10, a second fixed block is provided on the second connecting rod 12, and both ends of the spring 14 are respectively fixed on the first fixed block and the second fixed block. When in the contact position, the first roller 11 and the second roller 13 move away from each other, and the spring 14 is stretched by force.

[0051] In this embodiment, the spring 14 can be effectively fixed by setting the first fixing block and the second fixing block. The function of the spring 14 is to ensure the connection relationship between the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting rod 12. At the same time, since the spring 14 is in a stretched state during the adjustment of the coupler, the spring 14 can ensure that the first roller 11 and the second roller 13 are subjected to the same force. Therefore, their displacement is also the same, so that the second coupler and the first coupler 2 can gradually approach each other at the same angle and finally achieve engagement.

[0052] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the length direction of the spring 14 is also parallel to the mating surface 15 of the coupler.

[0053] It is worth noting that before the roller of the connecting rod contacts the force-bearing slide rail, the second coupler 4 needs to be in a stationary state relative to the first coupler 2; at the same time, under the action of the tension of the spring 14, the first connecting rod 10 and the second connecting rod 12 will not rotate to both sides; but the tension of the spring 14 cannot be too small, and needs to be greater than the rotational force of the coupler, so as to ensure that the force rod can push the force-bearing slide rail to rotate.

[0054] After the two rollers contact the force-bearing guide rail 5, the angle of the coupler has been adjusted. At this time, the second coupler 4 still needs to be in a stationary state relative to the first coupler 2, so as to ensure that the connecting rod rotates to both sides under the pushing force of the first coupler 2, further shortening the distance between the two couplers, and thus achieving the purpose of successful coupling. When the connecting rod rotates, it will be pulled by the spring 14, and this pulling force needs to be smaller than the force of the second carriage 3 being pushed, that is, the friction resistance.

[0055] In summary, the tension of spring 14 needs to be greater than the rotational force of the coupler, but needs to be less than the force of the train being pushed. Normally, the rotational force of the coupler is less than 100kg, and a person can easily kick the coupler to rotate with his feet. The trains of factories and mines, such as molten iron tank cars, are generally greater than 50 tons, and the friction coefficient between the train wheels and the rails is about 0.2, so the driving force of the train will not be less than 50t*1000kg / t*0.2=10000kg. Therefore, the tension of spring 14 needs to be greater than 100kg (or 980N) and less than 10000kg (or 98000N). The tension of spring 14 of the present invention is designed to be 200kg (or 1960N), which can effectively ensure the connection of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4.

[0056] The present invention also provides a coupler angle adjustment method, which uses the above coupler angle adjustment device and includes the following steps:

[0057] When the first carriage 1 approaches the second carriage 3, the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are at different angles;

[0058] The first roller 11 or the second roller 13 arranged on the first connecting rod 10 is in contact with the force guide rod;

[0059] The force of the first roller 11 or the second roller 13 drives the first coupler 2 to rotate, and the first roller 11 rolls on the force guide rod until the other roller contacts the force guide rod. The angles of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are consistent, and the carriages continue to approach, and the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 engage.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the method in which the other roller contacts the force guide rod and the angles of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are consistent includes:

[0061] The first roller 11 or the second roller 13 contacts the force guide rod and rolls on the force guide rod, and the second coupler 4 rotates on the second carriage 3, and the rotation direction of the second coupler 4 is opposite to the rotation direction of the first coupler 2;

[0062] The carriages continue to approach, and the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 continue to rotate until the second roller 13 contacts the force guide rod, and the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 stop rotating. At this time, the angles of the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are the same.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, as the carriages continue to approach, the method for engaging the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 includes:

[0064] As the first coupler 2 gradually approaches the second coupler 4, the first roller 11 and the second roller 13 continue to roll on the force guide rod and move away from each other, and the spring 14 stretches, so that the first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 always maintain the same angle;

[0065] The first coupler 2 and the second coupler 4 are in contact with each other and are connected at the same angle.

[0066] In summary, the present invention can automatically adjust the couplers of two trains at different angles by means of the force-bearing guide rods, connecting rods and rollers on the connecting rods. The entire process does not require human intervention, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency of the couplers.

[0067] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupler angle adjustment device, used for connecting couplers of two carriages, characterized in that: include: A force guide rod, arranged on a first hook of a first carriage, wherein the first hook is hinged to the first carriage; A connecting rod is symmetrically arranged on the second hook of the second carriage, the second hook is hinged to the second carriage, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second hook, the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a roller, a spring is provided between the connecting rods, and an angle is formed between the connecting rods; The roller and the force guide rod have a proximity position in which they do not contact each other and a contact position in which they contact each other. When in the proximity position, the angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are different. When in the contact position, the angle increases, and the first coupler and the second coupler rotate around the corresponding carriages respectively until the angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are consistent.

2. The coupler angle adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the second coupler, and one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the second coupler; The roller includes a first roller and a second roller, the first roller is rotatably connected to the free end of the first connecting rod, and the second roller is rotatably connected to the free end of the second connecting rod.

3. The coupler angle adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first coupler is provided with a first fixing seat, which includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate. The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the first coupler. The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are detachably connected, and the force guide rod is fixedly connected to the first fixing plate.

4. The coupler angle adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second coupler is provided with a second fixing seat, and the second fixing seat includes a third fixing plate and a fourth fixing plate. The third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the second coupler, and the third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are detachably connected. The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are hinged on the third fixing plate.

5. The coupler angle adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first connecting rod is provided with a first fixing block, the second connecting rod is provided with a second fixing block, both ends of the spring are fixed on the first fixing block and the second fixing block respectively, when in the contact position, the first roller and the second roller are away from each other, and the spring is stretched by force.

6. The coupler angle adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are both provided with a first mounting position, and the first mounting position is provided with a first fastening bolt.

7. The coupler angle adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third fixing plate and the fourth fixing plate are both provided with a second mounting position, and the first mounting position is provided with a second fastening bolt.

8. A method for adjusting the angle of a coupler, using the coupler angle adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: When the first carriage approaches the second carriage, the first coupler and the second coupler have different angles; The first roller or the second roller arranged on the first connecting rod is in contact with the force guide rod; The force of the first roller or the second roller drives the first coupler to rotate, and the first roller rolls on the force guide rod until the other roller contacts the force guide rod. The angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are consistent, and the carriages continue to approach, and the first coupler and the second coupler engage.

9. The method for adjusting the coupler angle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method in which the other roller contacts the force guide rod and the angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are consistent includes: The first roller or the second roller contacts the force guide rod and rolls on the force guide rod, and the second coupler rotates on the second carriage, and the rotation direction of the second coupler is opposite to that of the first coupler; The carriages continue to approach, and the first coupler and the second coupler continue to rotate until the second roller contacts the force guide rod, and the first coupler and the second coupler stop rotating, and the angles of the first coupler and the second coupler are the same.

10. The method for adjusting the coupler angle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method in which the carriages continue to approach and the first coupler and the second coupler engage with each other includes: The first roller and the second roller continuously roll on the force guide rod and move away from each other, and the spring is stretched so that the first coupler and the second coupler always maintain the same angle; The first coupler and the second coupler are in contact with each other and are connected at the same angle.

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