Modified blast hole blocking material applied to strip mine blasting and preparation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine blasting, and discloses a modified blast hole blocking material applied to strip mine blasting and a preparation method, the modified blast hole blocking material is specifically prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 20-30 parts of diatomite, 10-20 parts of perlite, 6-10 parts of cellulose fiber, 20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of a gelling agent and 1-3 parts of an additive, the gelling agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of Portland cement clinker, 6-10 parts of gypsum and 2-4 parts of a gypsum reinforcing agent, the blocking material is obtained through reasonable proportioning of diatomite, perlite, cellulosic fibers, water, the gelling agent and an additive, has good blocking performance, can effectively prevent explosive gas from leaking in a blast hole, and improves the safety of the blast hole. And the stability and safety of the blasting effect are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine blasting, and in particular to a modified blasthole plugging material used in open-pit mine blasting and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In open-pit mine blasting operations, blasthole blocking is an important link. Good blasthole blocking can not only improve the blasting effect, but also reduce blasting vibration and flying rock hazards, ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0003] However, the main method for plugging open-pit mine blastholes is still rock powder plugging. Simple rock powder plugging has certain disadvantages. The plugging airtightness is poor and it cannot effectively prevent the leakage of explosive gas in the blasthole, which reduces the stability and safety of the mine blasting effect.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a modified blasthole plugging material and a preparation method for open-pit mine blasting. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention mainly solves the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provides a modified blasthole plugging material used in open-pit mine blasting and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a modified blasthole plugging material used for open-pit mine blasting, which is specifically made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10-20 parts of perlite, 6-10 parts of cellulose fiber, 20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of gelling agent and 1-3 parts of additives. The gelling agent is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of silicate cement clinker, 6-10 parts of gypsum, and 2-4 parts of gypsum enhancer. The additives are made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts of waterproofing agent, 0.2-0.6 parts of retarder, 0.1-0.5 parts of water reducer, 0.1-0.5 parts of antifreeze agent, and 0.1-0.5 parts of anti-aging agent.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation method of the gelling agent specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: mixing the Portland cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in a predetermined ratio to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture;

[0009] S2: putting the gelling agent mixture into a ball mill for fine grinding until the predetermined fineness requirement is reached. During the fine grinding process, an appropriate amount of grinding aid can be added as needed to improve the grinding efficiency;

[0010] S3: drying the finely ground gelling agent mixture to remove excess water therein to ensure the stability and use effect of the gelling agent;

[0011] S4: Packaging the dried gelling agent mixture for subsequent storage and use.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the additive specifically comprises the following steps:

[0013] P1: Mix the waterproofing agent, retarder, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent and anti-aging agent in a predetermined proportion to form a preliminary additive mixture;

[0014] P2: Further homogenization of the additive mixture can be carried out by mechanical stirring or vibration to ensure that the components are fully mixed;

[0015] P3: According to the properties and usage requirements of the additives, further refinement can be selected to remove impurities and particles through grinding and filtering to improve the purity and use effect of the additives;

[0016] P4: Package the processed additive mixture and indicate its production date, shelf life and usage information for subsequent storage and use.

[0017] Preferably, the fineness requirement in S2 is D90 less than or equal to 20 microns. This fineness requirement ensures that the particles in the gelling agent mixture are small enough, which is conducive to better mixing with other raw materials in the subsequent preparation process to form a uniform and stable modified blasthole plugging material. The fine particles also help to improve the density and strength of the material, thereby enhancing its use effect in mine blasting.

[0018] Preferably, the grinding aids in S2 are sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium stearate, and the weight ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate to sodium stearate is 1:2. The addition of grinding aids can effectively improve the grinding efficiency of silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in the ball mill, so that the fineness of the gelling agent mixture reaches the predetermined requirements faster, while also reducing the wear and energy consumption of the equipment, and helping to improve the fluidity of the gelling agent mixture, making it easier to form a uniform mixture when it is subsequently mixed with other raw materials.

[0019] Preferably, the temperature and time of the drying treatment in S3 are 80-100° C. and 2-4 hours, respectively. At this temperature and time, the excess water in the gelling agent mixture can be effectively removed, while avoiding excessively high temperature causing chemical reactions or structural changes in certain components of the gelling agent, which would affect its use effect. The drying process also helps to improve the stability and storage properties of the gelling agent, extend its shelf life, and enable it to maintain good performance during use.

[0020] Preferably, the grinding and filtering requirements in P3 are grinding to D90 less than or equal to 10 microns and filtering through a 100-mesh sieve to ensure that the particles of the additive mixture are sufficiently fine and pure, thereby improving its dispersibility and effect in the modified blasthole plugging material.

[0021] A method for preparing a modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, comprising the above-mentioned modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: preparing mixed raw materials: mixing diatomaceous earth, perlite, cellulose fiber, gelling agent and additives in proportion to obtain mixed raw materials;

[0023] Step 2: Preparation of paste: Add the mixed raw materials into water and stir until a uniform paste is formed;

[0024] Step 3: Filling treatment: Pour the mixed paste into the pre-prepared blasthole, compact and smooth it with special tools to ensure that the plugging material is tightly filled in the blasthole;

[0025] Step 4: Curing treatment: Wait for the plugging material to dry and solidify naturally to form a solid plugging body.

[0026] Beneficial Effects

[0027] The invention provides a modified blasthole plugging material used in open-pit mine blasting and a preparation method thereof.

[0028] (1) The modified blasthole plugging material and preparation method used in open-pit mine blasting is a plugging material obtained by rationally mixing diatomaceous earth, perlite, cellulose fiber, water, gelling agent and additives. The material has good plugging performance and can effectively prevent leakage of explosive gas in the blasthole, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the blasting effect.

[0029] (2) The modified blasthole plugging material and preparation method used for open-pit mine blasting, by setting a waterproofing agent, makes the entire plugging material have good waterproof performance, can maintain stable performance in a humid environment, and will not affect the blasting effect due to water absorption.

[0030] (3) The modified blasthole plugging material and preparation method used for open-pit mine blasting, by providing an anti-aging agent, makes the entire plugging material have excellent anti-aging properties, can maintain stable performance during long-term use, and will not fail due to aging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Embodiment 1: A modified blast hole plugging material used in open pit mine blasting, such as Figure 1As shown, it specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10 parts of perlite, 6 parts of cellulose fiber, 20 parts of water, 3 parts of gelling agent and 1 part of additive, the gelling agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of silicate cement clinker, 6 parts of gypsum, 2 parts of gypsum reinforcing agent, the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 parts of waterproofing agent, 0.2 parts of retarder, 0.1 parts of water reducing agent, 0.1 parts of antifreeze agent, 0.1 parts of anti-aging agent, the preparation method of the gelling agent specifically comprises the following steps: S1: uniformly mixing silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum reinforcing agent in a predetermined ratio to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture; S2: putting the gelling agent mixture into a ball mill for fine grinding until a predetermined fineness requirement is reached, and an appropriate amount of grinding aid can be added as needed during the fine grinding process, To improve the grinding efficiency; S3: Dry the finely ground gelling agent mixture to remove excess water therein to ensure the stability and use effect of the gelling agent; S4: Package the dried gelling agent mixture for subsequent storage and use. The preparation method of the additive specifically includes the following steps: P1: Mix the waterproofing agent, retarder, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent and anti-aging agent in a predetermined proportion to form a preliminary additive mixture; P2: Further homogenize the additive mixture, and mechanical stirring or vibration methods may be used to ensure that the components are fully mixed; P3: According to the properties and use requirements of the additive, further refinement may be selected to remove impurities and particles therein by grinding and filtering to improve the purity and use effect of the additive;P4: The processed additive mixture is packaged and its production date, shelf life and usage information are noted for subsequent storage and use. The fineness requirement in S2 is D90 less than or equal to 20 microns. This fineness requirement ensures that the particles in the gelling agent mixture are fine enough, which is conducive to better mixing with other raw materials in the subsequent preparation process to form a uniform and stable modified blasthole plugging material. The fine particles also help to improve the density and strength of the material, thereby enhancing its use effect in mine blasting. The grinding aids in S2 are sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium stearate. The weight ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate to sodium stearate is 1:2. The agent can effectively improve the grinding efficiency of silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in the ball mill, so that the fineness of the gelling agent mixture can reach the predetermined requirements faster, while also reducing the wear and energy consumption of the equipment. It can also help to improve the fluidity of the gelling agent mixture, making it easier to form a uniform mixture when it is subsequently mixed with other raw materials. The temperature and time of the drying treatment in S3 are 80°C and 2 hours respectively. At this temperature and time, the excess water in the gelling agent mixture can be effectively removed, while avoiding excessively high temperatures that cause chemical reactions or structural changes in certain components of the gelling agent, affecting its use effect. The drying process also helps to improve the gelling agent. The stability and storage of the coagulant can be improved, and its shelf life can be extended so that it can maintain good performance during use. The grinding and filtering requirements in P3 are to grind to a D90 less than or equal to 10 microns and filter through a 100-mesh sieve to ensure that the particles of the additive mixture are small enough and pure, thereby improving its dispersibility and effect in the modified blasthole plugging material. A method for preparing a modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, including the above-mentioned modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of mixed raw materials: diatomaceous earth, perlite, cellulose fiber, gelling agent and additives are mixed in proportion. Mix to obtain mixed raw materials; Step 2: Preparation of paste: Add the mixed raw materials into water and stir until a uniform paste is formed; Step 3: Filling treatment: Pour the stirred paste into the pre-prepared blasthole, compact and smooth it with special tools to ensure that the plugging material is tightly filled in the blasthole; Step 4: Curing treatment: Wait for the plugging material to dry and solidify naturally to form a solid plugging body. The plugging material obtained by the reasonable proportion of diatomaceous earth, perlite, cellulose fiber, water, gelling agent and additives has good plugging performance, which can effectively prevent the leakage of explosive gas in the blasthole and ensure the stability and safety of the blasting effect. ;

[0033] Embodiment 2: A modified blast hole plugging material used in open pit mine blasting, such as Figure 1As shown, it specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10 parts of perlite, 7 parts of cellulose fiber, 20 parts of water, 3 parts of gelling agent and 1 part of additive, the gelling agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of silicate cement clinker, 7 parts of gypsum, 2 parts of gypsum reinforcing agent, the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 parts of waterproofing agent, 0.3 parts of retarder, 0.2 parts of water reducing agent, 0.2 parts of antifreeze agent, 0.2 parts of anti-aging agent, the preparation method of the gelling agent specifically comprises the following steps: S1: uniformly mixing silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum reinforcing agent in a predetermined ratio to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture; S2: putting the gelling agent mixture into a ball mill for fine grinding until a predetermined fineness requirement is reached, and an appropriate amount of grinding aid can be added as needed during the fine grinding process, To improve the grinding efficiency; S3: Dry the finely ground gelling agent mixture to remove excess water therein to ensure the stability and use effect of the gelling agent; S4: Package the dried gelling agent mixture for subsequent storage and use. The preparation method of the additive specifically includes the following steps: P1: Mix the waterproofing agent, retarder, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent and anti-aging agent in a predetermined proportion to form a preliminary additive mixture; P2: Further homogenize the additive mixture, and mechanical stirring or vibration methods may be used to ensure that the components are fully mixed; P3: According to the properties and use requirements of the additive, further refinement may be selected to remove impurities and particles therein by grinding and filtering to improve the purity and use effect of the additive;P4: The treated additive mixture is packaged and its production date, shelf life and usage information are noted for subsequent storage and use. The fineness requirement in S2 is D90 less than or equal to 20 microns. This fineness requirement ensures that the particles in the gelling agent mixture are fine enough, which is conducive to better mixing with other raw materials in the subsequent preparation process to form a uniform and stable modified blasthole plugging material. The fine particles also help to improve the density and strength of the material, thereby enhancing its use effect in mine blasting. The grinding aids in S2 are sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium stearate. The weight ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate to sodium stearate is 1: 2. Adding a grinding aid can effectively improve the grinding efficiency of silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in the ball mill, so that the fineness of the gelling agent mixture can reach the predetermined requirements faster, while also reducing the wear and energy consumption of the equipment. It also helps to improve the fluidity of the gelling agent mixture, making it easier to form a uniform mixture when it is subsequently mixed with other raw materials. The temperature and time of the drying treatment in S3 are 80°C and 2 hours, respectively. At this temperature and time, the excess water in the gelling agent mixture can be effectively removed, while avoiding excessively high temperatures that cause certain components in the gelling agent to undergo chemical reactions or structural changes, affecting its use effect. The drying process also helps to improve the stability and storage of the gelling agent, extend its shelf life, and enable it to maintain good performance during use. The grinding and filtering requirements in P3 are to grind to a D90 less than or equal to 10 microns and filter through a 100-mesh sieve to ensure that the particles of the additive mixture are small enough and pure, thereby improving its dispersibility and effect in the modified blasthole plugging material. A method for preparing a modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, including the above-mentioned modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of mixed raw materials: diatomaceous earth, perlite , cellulose fiber, gelling agent and additives are mixed in proportion to obtain a mixed raw material; Step 2: Preparation of paste: Add the mixed raw material into water and stir until a uniform paste is formed; Step 3: Filling treatment: Pour the stirred paste into the pre-prepared blasthole, compact and smooth it with special tools to ensure that the plugging material is tightly filled in the blasthole; Step 4: Curing treatment: Wait for the plugging material to dry and solidify naturally to form a solid plugging body. By setting a waterproofing agent, the entire plugging material has good waterproof performance, can maintain stable performance in a humid environment, and will not affect the blasting effect due to water absorption. ;

[0034] Embodiment 3: A modified blast hole plugging material used in open pit mine blasting, such as Figure 1As shown, it specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of diatomaceous earth, 15 parts of perlite, 8 parts of cellulose fiber, 25 parts of water, 4 parts of gelling agent and 2 parts of additives, the gelling agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of silicate cement clinker, 8 parts of gypsum, 3 parts of gypsum reinforcing agent, the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of waterproofing agent, 0.4 parts of retarder, 0.3 parts of water reducing agent, 0.3 parts of antifreeze agent, 0.3 parts of anti-aging agent, and the preparation method of the gelling agent specifically comprises the following steps: S1: uniformly mixing silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum reinforcing agent in a predetermined ratio to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture; S2: putting the gelling agent mixture into a ball mill for fine grinding until a predetermined fineness requirement is reached, and an appropriate amount of grinding aid can be added as needed during the fine grinding process to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture; S3: grinding the gelling agent mixture in a ball mill until a predetermined fineness requirement is reached, and an appropriate amount of grinding aid can be added as needed during the fine grinding process to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture; Improve grinding efficiency; S3: Dry the finely ground gelling agent mixture to remove excess water therein to ensure the stability and use effect of the gelling agent; S4: Package the dried gelling agent mixture for subsequent storage and use. The preparation method of the additive specifically includes the following steps: P1: Mix the waterproofing agent, retarder, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent and anti-aging agent in a predetermined proportion to form a preliminary additive mixture; P2: Further homogenize the additive mixture, and mechanical stirring or vibration methods may be used to ensure that the components are fully mixed; P3: According to the properties and use requirements of the additive, further refinement may be selected to remove impurities and particles therein by grinding and filtering to improve the purity and use effect of the additive;P4: The treated additive mixture is packaged and its production date, shelf life and usage information are noted for subsequent storage and use. The fineness requirement in S2 is D90 less than or equal to 20 microns. This fineness requirement ensures that the particles in the gelling agent mixture are fine enough, which is conducive to better mixing with other raw materials in the subsequent preparation process to form a uniform and stable modified blasthole plugging material. The fine particles also help to improve the density and strength of the material, thereby enhancing its use effect in mine blasting. The grinding aids in S2 are sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium stearate. The weight ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate to sodium stearate is 1: 2. Adding a grinding aid can effectively improve the grinding efficiency of silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in the ball mill, so that the fineness of the gelling agent mixture can reach the predetermined requirements faster, while also reducing the wear and energy consumption of the equipment. It also helps to improve the fluidity of the gelling agent mixture, making it easier to form a uniform mixture when it is subsequently mixed with other raw materials. The temperature and time of the drying treatment in S3 are 90°C and 3 hours, respectively. At this temperature and time, the excess water in the gelling agent mixture can be effectively removed, while avoiding excessively high temperatures that cause certain components in the gelling agent to undergo chemical reactions or structural changes, affecting its use effect. The drying process also helps to improve the stability and storage of the gelling agent, extend its shelf life, and enable it to maintain good performance during use. The grinding and filtering requirements in P3 are to grind to a D90 less than or equal to 10 microns and filter through a 100-mesh sieve to ensure that the particles of the additive mixture are small enough and pure, thereby improving its dispersibility and effect in the modified blasthole plugging material. A method for preparing a modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, including the above-mentioned modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of mixed raw materials: diatomaceous earth, perlite , cellulose fiber, gelling agent and additives are mixed in proportion to obtain a mixed raw material; Step 2: Preparation of paste: Add the mixed raw material into water and stir until a uniform paste is formed; Step 3: Filling treatment: Pour the stirred paste into the pre-prepared blasthole, compact and smooth it with special tools to ensure that the plugging material is tightly filled in the blasthole; Step 4: Curing treatment: Wait for the plugging material to dry and solidify naturally to form a solid plugging body. By setting an anti-aging agent, the entire plugging material has excellent anti-aging performance, which can maintain stable performance during long-term use and will not fail due to aging. ;

[0035] Embodiment 4: A modified blast hole plugging material used in open pit mine blasting, such as Figure 1As shown, it specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of diatomaceous earth, 20 parts of perlite, 9 parts of cellulose fiber, 30 parts of water, 5 parts of gelling agent and 3 parts of additives, the gelling agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of silicate cement clinker, 9 parts of gypsum, 4 parts of gypsum reinforcing agent, the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of waterproofing agent, 0.5 parts of retarder, 0.4 parts of water reducing agent, 0.4 parts of antifreeze agent, 0.4 parts of anti-aging agent, the preparation method of the gelling agent specifically comprises the following steps: S1: uniformly mixing silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum reinforcing agent in a predetermined ratio to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture; S2: putting the gelling agent mixture into a ball mill for fine grinding until a predetermined fineness requirement is reached, and an appropriate amount of grinding aid can be added as needed during the fine grinding process, To improve the grinding efficiency; S3: Dry the finely ground gelling agent mixture to remove excess water therein to ensure the stability and use effect of the gelling agent; S4: Package the dried gelling agent mixture for subsequent storage and use. The preparation method of the additive specifically includes the following steps: P1: Mix the waterproofing agent, retarder, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent and anti-aging agent in a predetermined proportion to form a preliminary additive mixture; P2: Further homogenize the additive mixture, and mechanical stirring or vibration methods may be used to ensure that the components are fully mixed; P3: According to the properties and use requirements of the additive, further refinement may be selected to remove impurities and particles therein by grinding and filtering to improve the purity and use effect of the additive;P4: The treated additive mixture is packaged and its production date, shelf life and usage information are noted for subsequent storage and use. The fineness requirement in S2 is D90 less than or equal to 20 microns. This fineness requirement ensures that the particles in the gelling agent mixture are fine enough, which is conducive to better mixing with other raw materials in the subsequent preparation process to form a uniform and stable modified blasthole plugging material. The fine particles also help to improve the density and strength of the material, thereby enhancing its use effect in mine blasting. The grinding aids in S2 are sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium stearate. The weight ratio of sodium stearate to sodium stearate is 1:2. The addition of grinding aids can effectively improve the grinding efficiency of silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in the ball mill, so that the fineness of the gelling agent mixture can reach the predetermined requirements faster, while also reducing the wear and energy consumption of the equipment. It also helps to improve the fluidity of the gelling agent mixture, making it easier to form a uniform mixture when it is subsequently mixed with other raw materials. The temperature and time of the drying treatment in S3 are 100°C and 4 hours, respectively. At this temperature and time, the excess water in the gelling agent mixture can be effectively removed, while avoiding excessively high temperatures that cause the gelling agent to Some components in the coagulant undergo chemical reactions or structural changes, affecting its use effect. The drying process also helps to improve the stability and storage of the gelling agent, extend its shelf life, and enable it to maintain good performance during use. The requirements for grinding and filtering in P3 are to grind to a D90 of less than or equal to 10 microns and filter through a 100-mesh sieve to ensure that the particles of the additive mixture are small enough and pure, thereby improving its dispersibility and effect in the modified blasthole plugging material. A method for preparing a modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, comprising the above-mentioned method for use in The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Mixed raw material preparation: diatomaceous earth, perlite, cellulose fiber, gelling agent and additives are mixed in proportion to obtain a mixed raw material; Step 2: Paste preparation: Add the mixed raw material into water and stir until a uniform paste is formed; Step 3: Filling treatment: Pour the stirred paste into the pre-prepared blasthole, compact and smooth it with special tools to ensure that the plugging material is tightly filled in the blasthole; Step 4: Curing treatment: Wait for the plugging material to dry and solidify naturally to form a solid plugging body. ;

[0036] Example 5: A modified blast hole plugging material used in open pit mine blasting, such as Figure 1As shown, it specifically includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of diatomaceous earth, 20 parts of perlite, 10 parts of cellulose fiber, 30 parts of water, 5 parts of gelling agent and 3 parts of additives. The gelling agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of silicate cement clinker, 10 parts of gypsum, and 4 parts of gypsum reinforcing agent. The additive includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of waterproofing agent, 0.6 parts of retarder, 0.5 parts of water reducing agent, 0.5 parts of antifreeze agent, and 0.5 parts of anti-aging agent. The preparation method of the gelling agent specifically includes the following steps: S1: mixing silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum reinforcing agent in a predetermined ratio to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture; S2: putting the gelling agent mixture into a ball mill for fine grinding until the predetermined fineness requirement is reached. During the fine grinding process, an appropriate amount of grinding aid can be added as needed. , to improve the grinding efficiency; S3: drying the finely ground gelling agent mixture to remove excess water therein to ensure the stability and use effect of the gelling agent; S4: packaging the dried gelling agent mixture for subsequent storage and use. The preparation method of the additive specifically includes the following steps: P1: mixing the waterproofing agent, retarder, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent and anti-aging agent in a predetermined proportion to form a preliminary additive mixture; P2: further homogenizing the additive mixture, which can be done by mechanical stirring or vibration to ensure that the components can be fully mixed; P3: according to the properties and use requirements of the additive, further refinement can be selected to remove impurities and particles therein by grinding and filtering to improve the purity and use effect of the additive;P4: The treated additive mixture is packaged and its production date, shelf life and usage information are noted for subsequent storage and use. The fineness requirement in S2 is D90 less than or equal to 20 microns. This fineness requirement ensures that the particles in the gelling agent mixture are fine enough, which is conducive to better mixing with other raw materials in the subsequent preparation process to form a uniform and stable modified blasthole plugging material. The fine particles also help to improve the density and strength of the material, thereby enhancing its use effect in mine blasting. The grinding aids in S2 are sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium stearate. The weight ratio of sodium stearate to sodium stearate is 1:2. The addition of grinding aids can effectively improve the grinding efficiency of silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in the ball mill, so that the fineness of the gelling agent mixture can reach the predetermined requirements faster, while also reducing the wear and energy consumption of the equipment. It also helps to improve the fluidity of the gelling agent mixture, making it easier to form a uniform mixture when it is subsequently mixed with other raw materials. The temperature and time of the drying treatment in S3 are 100°C and 4 hours, respectively. At this temperature and time, the excess water in the gelling agent mixture can be effectively removed, while avoiding excessively high temperatures that cause the gelling agent to Some components in the coagulant undergo chemical reactions or structural changes, affecting its use effect. The drying process also helps to improve the stability and storage of the gelling agent, extend its shelf life, and enable it to maintain good performance during use. The requirements for grinding and filtering in P3 are to grind to a D90 of less than or equal to 10 microns and filter through a 100-mesh sieve to ensure that the particles of the additive mixture are small enough and pure, thereby improving its dispersibility and effect in the modified blasthole plugging material. A method for preparing a modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, comprising the above-mentioned method for use in The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Mixed raw material preparation: diatomaceous earth, perlite, cellulose fiber, gelling agent and additives are mixed in proportion to obtain a mixed raw material; Step 2: Paste preparation: Add the mixed raw material into water and stir until a uniform paste is formed; Step 3: Filling treatment: Pour the stirred paste into the pre-prepared blasthole, compact and smooth it with special tools to ensure that the plugging material is tightly filled in the blasthole; Step 4: Curing treatment: Wait for the plugging material to dry and solidify naturally to form a solid plugging body. ;

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modified blasthole plugging material used in open-pit mine blasting, characterized in that: Specifically, it is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of diatomaceous earth, 10-20 parts of perlite, 6-10 parts of cellulose fiber, 20-30 parts of water, 3-5 parts of gelling agent and 1-3 parts of additives. The gelling agent is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of Portland cement clinker, 6-10 parts of gypsum, and 2-4 parts of gypsum reinforcing agent. The additives are made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts of waterproofing agent, 0.2-0.6 parts of retarder, 0.1-0.5 parts of water reducing agent, 0.1-0.5 parts of antifreeze agent, and 0.1-0.5 parts of anti-aging agent.

2. The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the gelling agent specifically comprises the following steps: S1: mixing the Portland cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in a predetermined ratio to form a preliminary gelling agent mixture; S2: putting the gelling agent mixture into a ball mill for fine grinding until the predetermined fineness requirement is reached. During the fine grinding process, an appropriate amount of grinding aid can be added as needed to improve the grinding efficiency; S3: drying the finely ground gelling agent mixture to remove excess water therein to ensure the stability and use effect of the gelling agent; S4: Packaging the dried gelling agent mixture for subsequent storage and use.

3. The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the additive specifically comprises the following steps: P1: Mix the waterproofing agent, retarder, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent and anti-aging agent in a predetermined proportion to form a preliminary additive mixture; P2: Further homogenization of the additive mixture can be carried out by mechanical stirring or vibration to ensure that the components are fully mixed; P3: According to the properties and usage requirements of the additives, further refinement can be selected to remove impurities and particles through grinding and filtering to improve the purity and use effect of the additives; P4: Package the processed additive mixture and indicate its production date, shelf life and usage information for subsequent storage and use.

4. The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fineness requirement in S2 is that D90 is less than or equal to 20 microns. This fineness requirement ensures that the particles in the gelling agent mixture are small enough, which is conducive to better mixing with other raw materials in the subsequent preparation process to form a uniform and stable modified blasthole plugging material. The fine particles also help to improve the density and strength of the material, thereby enhancing its use effect in mine blasting.

5. The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding aids in S2 are sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium stearate, and the weight ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate to sodium stearate is 1:

2. The addition of grinding aids can effectively improve the grinding efficiency of silicate cement clinker, gypsum and gypsum enhancer in the ball mill, so that the fineness of the gelling agent mixture reaches the predetermined requirements faster, while also reducing the wear and energy consumption of the equipment, and helping to improve the fluidity of the gelling agent mixture, making it easier to form a uniform mixture when it is subsequently mixed with other raw materials.

6. The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature and time of the drying treatment in S3 are 80-100° C. and 2-4 hours, respectively. At this temperature and time, the excess water in the gelling agent mixture can be effectively removed, while avoiding excessively high temperature causing chemical reactions or structural changes in certain components of the gelling agent, which would affect its use effect. The drying process also helps to improve the stability and storage properties of the gelling agent, extend its shelf life, and enable it to maintain good performance during use.

7. The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The requirements for grinding and filtering in P3 are grinding to D90 less than or equal to 10 microns and filtering through a 100-mesh sieve to ensure that the particles of the additive mixture are sufficiently fine and pure, thereby improving its dispersibility and effect in the modified blasthole plugging material.

8. A method for preparing a modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting, characterized in that: The modified blasthole plugging material for open-pit mine blasting according to any one of claims 1 to 7 specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1: preparing mixed raw materials: mixing diatomaceous earth, perlite, cellulose fiber, gelling agent and additives in proportion to obtain mixed raw materials; Step 2: Preparation of paste: Add the mixed raw materials into water and stir until a uniform paste is formed; Step 3: Filling treatment: Pour the mixed paste into the pre-prepared blasthole, compact and smooth it with special tools to ensure that the plugging material is tightly filled in the blasthole; Step 4: Curing treatment: Wait for the plugging material to dry and solidify naturally to form a solid plugging body.

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