Compound fertilizer for preventing and treating fruit bolus disease of autumn pears as well as preparation method and application of compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound fertilizer for preventing and treating autumn pear fruit tree bolt disease as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0-0.4% of anhydrous calcium chloride, 0-0.02% of boric acid, 0.025-0.075% of organic silicon, 0.05-0.1% of amino acid raw powder and the balance of water. The compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organic silicon and amino acid raw powder with water according to a specific mass percentage, and then the compound fertilizer is sprayed on leaves of autumn pear trees, so that the morbidity of the hidrosis of autumn pear fruits is reduced, and the weight of a single fruit is increased. The research on the influence of the combination of the four nutrient elements of calcium, boron, silicon and amino acid on the quality of the autumn pear fruits and the bombardment disease has very important significance on the timely development of the reason of the occurrence of the autumn pear fruit bombardment disease and the corresponding prevention technical countermeasure research and the development of the pear tree industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of disease prevention and control of Qiuyue pear trees, and in particular to a compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruits, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Qiuyue Pear is a variety of Japanese and Korean sand pears. It is characterized by its sweet juice and storage resistance. It can still taste good and crisp after long-term storage. It has high yield, strong growth of fruit trees, thick branches, low germination rate, strong branching ability, and easy formation of short fruit branches. After the one-year-old branches are released, axillary flower buds can be formed. The fruit is nearly round, with a fruit shape index of about 0.84. The fruit is large, golden yellow, and extremely beautiful in appearance. The flesh is milky white, the core is small, the edible rate is more than 95%, the flesh is fine and crisp, with very few stone cells, and the quality is excellent. It is famous for its unique fragrance.

[0003] Qiuyue pear is a pear variety with development potential. However, in recent years, a physiological disease called corky spots has appeared in the production of Qiuyue pear, which has had a very adverse effect on the fruit quality and market sales, and has become a key factor restricting the development of this variety.

[0004] Therefore, timely research on the causes of Qiuyue pear fruit cork disease and corresponding preventive technical countermeasures is of great significance to the development of the pear industry. In view of this, this application is filed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit, a preparation method and application thereof. The compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organosilicon and amino acid raw powder with water in a specific mass percentage, and then the compound fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves of Qiuyue pear trees to reduce the incidence of cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit and increase the weight of single fruit.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0007] A compound fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit trees. The raw materials include, by mass percentage, 0-0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0-0.02% boric acid, 0.025-0.075% organic silicon, 0.05-0.1% amino acid raw powder, and the rest is water.

[0008] Furthermore, the raw materials include, by mass percentage, 0.2-0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0-0.02% boric acid, 0.025-0.075% organosilicon, 0.05-0.1% amino acid raw powder, and the rest is water.

[0009] The invention obtains a plurality of compound fertilizers by combining and compounding calcium, boron, silicon and amino acid elements of different concentrations, sprays each compound fertilizer onto the surface of leaves of an Autumn Moon Pear tree, measures the incidence of cork disease in the fruit, average single fruit weight and soluble solids according to the condition of the leaves after fertilization, analyzes the influence of calcium, boron, silicon and amino acid elements of different concentrations on the Autumn Moon Pear fruit and leaves of the Autumn Moon Pear tree, and screens out the optimal concentration based on the above, so that the incidence of cork disease in the Autumn Moon Pear fruit is minimized, the average single fruit weight is maximized and the soluble solids are optimal without affecting the growth of the leaves, thereby improving the yield and flavor of the Autumn Moon Pear fruit.

[0010] A preparation method of a compound fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit, using the above-mentioned compound fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit, wherein the raw materials include, by mass percentage: 0.2-0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0-0.02% boric acid, 0.025-0.075% organosilicon, 0.05-0.1% amino acid raw powder, and the rest is water;

[0011] The preparation method is prepared by fully and uniformly mixing anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organic silicon, amino acid raw powder and water.

[0012] An application of the compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit in the planting process of Qiuyue pear trees.

[0013] The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a compound fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit, a preparation method and an application thereof, wherein a plurality of compound fertilizers are prepared by mixing anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organosilicon and amino acid raw powder with water at different concentrations, and then the compound fertilizers are sprayed on the leaf surface of Qiuyue pear trees, and the incidence of cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit, the average single fruit weight, soluble solids and the influence of leaves are analyzed, so as to determine the concentration of each component of the optimal compound fertilizer, so as to minimize the incidence of cork disease of the fruit, optimize the average single fruit weight, and increase the content of soluble solids, and prevent the leaves from curling, yellowing and falling off, thereby improving the quality of Qiuyue pear fruit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is an apparent diagram of cork spots on Qiuyue pear fruit after removing the epidermis in Examples 1, 6, 7 of the present invention and the comparative example with different elements;

[0015] Figure 2 The apparent effect of different elements in Examples 1 to 9 on the cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit skin, wherein the fruit is obtained 115 days after the flower falls, and A to I are the Qiuyue pear fruits obtained in Examples 1 to 9 respectively;

[0016] Figure 3This is an apparent diagram of the effects of foliar spraying concentrations of different elements on the leaves of Qiuyue pear trees in Examples 7, 8, 9 and the comparative example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a compound fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit. The raw materials include, by mass percentage, 0% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0% boric acid, 0.025% organosilicon and 0.05% amino acid powder, and the rest is water.

[0019] A preparation method of a compound fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit is as follows: anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organosilicon, amino acid raw powder and water are fully and evenly mixed to obtain a compound fertilizer for standby use.

[0020] Example 2

[0021] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the mass percentages of the raw materials are different, specifically: 0% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0.01% boric acid, 0.05% organosilicon and 0.07% amino acid raw powder.

[0022] Example 3

[0023] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the mass percentages of the raw materials are different, specifically: 0% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0.02% boric acid, 0.075% organosilicon and 0.10% amino acid raw powder.

[0024] Example 4

[0025] The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the mass percentages of the raw materials are different, specifically: 0.2% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0% boric acid, 0.05% organosilicon and 0.10% amino acid raw powder.

[0026] Example 5

[0027] The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the mass percentages of the raw materials are different, specifically: 0.2% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0.01% boric acid, 0.075% organosilicon and 0.05% amino acid raw powder.

[0028] Example 6

[0029] The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the mass percentages of the raw materials are different, specifically: 0.2% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0.02% boric acid, 0.025% organosilicon and 0.10% amino acid raw powder.

[0030] Example 7

[0031] The difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that the mass percentages of the raw materials are different, specifically: 0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0% boric acid, 0.075% organosilicon and 0.07% amino acid raw powder.

[0032] Example 8

[0033] The difference between Example 8 and Example 1 is that the mass percentages of the raw materials are different, specifically: 0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0.01% boric acid, 0.025% organosilicon and 0.10% amino acid raw powder.

[0034] Example 9

[0035] The difference between Example 9 and Example 1 is that the mass percentages of the raw materials are different, specifically: 0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0.02% boric acid, 0.05% organosilicon and 0.05% amino acid raw powder.

[0036] Comparative Example

[0037] In this comparative example, no anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organosilicon and amino acid raw powder were added, and water was used as a blank control.

[0038] (I) Experimental materials: Eight-year-old Qiuyue pear trees with a spacing of 3*2m from Anhui Taoli Tianxia Agriculture Co., Ltd. in Hefei were selected for the experiment.

[0039] (ii) Field trial of compound fertilizer: The trial started in early April 2023. The compound fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and the comparative examples were sprayed on the leaves of Qiuyue pear trees. When spraying, ensure that each treatment was above 1L. One tree was reserved between each treatment without spraying. Each period was sprayed once every 10 days, for a total of 9 times in 4 periods. The final sampling was carried out in late August to investigate the incidence of cork disease, and to determine the average single fruit weight and soluble solids.

[0040] (III) Results and analysis

[0041] 3.1 Effect of compound fertilizer on the development of cork in Qiuyue pear fruit

[0042] Table 1 Effects of different nutrient element combinations on the incidence of cork

[0043]

[0044] The test shows that, as shown in Table 1, compared with the comparative example, there is no significant difference in the incidence rate of the two treatments (Examples 7 and 9) sprayed with 0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride. The incidence rate is lower than that of the other concentration treatments. However, due to the phytotoxicity in Example 8, the leaves of Example 8 after foliar spraying curled, necrotized, and fell off, and the calcium element was not transported to the fruit, resulting in a higher incidence rate. Figure 3 .

[0045] Table 1.1 Variance analysis of different nutrient element combinations on the incidence of cork

[0046] Dependent variable: VAR00005

[0047]

[0048] aR square = .893 (adjusted R square = .570)

[0049] By SPSS variance analysis of the incidence (Table 1.1), it was found that there was no significant difference between Example 2, Example 3 and the comparative blank control, and there was no significant difference between Example 1 and Example 2 and Example 3, indicating that the Qiuyue pear trees without spraying anhydrous calcium chloride were insufficient in their ability to resist cork disease. In Example 4, Example 5, Example 6, Example 7, and Example 9, the cork disease was inhibited to varying degrees because of the spraying of different concentrations of anhydrous calcium chloride. It can be seen from the table that the incidence of Qiuyue pear cork disease was the lowest when anhydrous calcium chloride was 0.4%, boric acid was 0%, organosilicon was 0.075%, and amino acid was 0.07%.

[0050] Reference Figure 1 , which is the inhibitory effect of Example 1, Example 6, Example 7 and the comparative example on the cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit. The effect of corking was observed after the Qiuyue pear fruit peel was removed, and the number of cork spots was counted. There were three obvious cork diseases in Example 1 (0% anhydrous calcium chloride), Example 6 (0.2% anhydrous calcium chloride) and the comparative example (0% anhydrous calcium chloride), and there was only one cork disease in Example 7 (0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride). Figure 2 , which is the effect of cork disease on the peel of multiple Qiuyue pear fruits in Examples 1 to 9, indicating that the calcium content in Qiuyue pear fruit has a greater impact on cork disease, and with the increase of calcium concentration, the incidence of cork disease in Qiuyue pear fruit gradually decreases. At the same time, the boric acid content in Example 7 is 0%, the silicone content is 0.075%, and the amino acid raw powder content is 0.07%.

[0051] 3.2 Effects of compound fertilizers on soluble solids in Qiuyue pear fruit

[0052] Table 2 Effect of different elements on soluble solid content

[0053]

[0054] Table 2.1 Variance analysis of the effects of different elements on soluble solids content

[0055] Dependent variable VAR00005

[0056]

[0057] aR square = .611 (adjusted R square = -.556)

[0058] SPSS software was used to orthogonally analyze the soluble solids content of Qiuyue pear fruit. According to Table 2 and Table 2.1, there was no significant difference in the soluble solids obtained by treating with different concentrations of anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organosilicon and amino acid.

[0059] 3.3 Effect of compound fertilizer on average single fruit weight of Qiuyue pear

[0060] Table 3 Effects of different elements on average single fruit weight

[0061]

[0062] Table 3.1 Variance analysis of the effects of different elements on average single fruit weight

[0063] Dependent variable VAR00005

[0064]

[0065] aR square = .940 (adjusted R square = .759)

[0066] SPSS software was used to orthogonally analyze the effects of the average single fruit weight on Qiuyue pear fruit. Based on the comparative analysis of the average single fruit weight in Table 3 and Table 3.1, it can be concluded that among the average single fruit weights: 0.2% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0% boric acid, 0.05% organosilicon, and 0.07% amino acid were significantly different from other concentrations; it can be seen that the average single fruit weight was the highest when 0.2% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0% boric acid, 0.025% organosilicon, and 0.07% amino acid were added.

[0067] 3.4 Effect of compound fertilizer on leaf fertilization of Qiuyue pear tree

[0068] It can be seen from Tables 1 to 3 that at the level of 0.05, the concentrations of anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organosilicon and amino acid powder in Examples 4, 5, 6, 7 and 9 all had significant inhibitory effects on the cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit.

[0069] Although the incidence of Qiuyue pear fruit cork disease gradually decreased with the increase of calcium spraying concentration, fertilizer damage would occur with the increase of calcium spraying concentration. Figure 3 The calcium concentration used in Examples 7 to 9 was 0.4%, which caused the leaves to curl, turn yellow, and fall off.

[0070] Therefore, according to Tables 1 to 3, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 And through the above analysis, the most suitable combination was selected from the 9 embodiments: 0.2% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0.02% boric acid, 0.025% organosilicon, and 0.07% amino acid, and the compound fertilizer with this ratio was sprayed on the leaves of Qiuyue pear trees, so that the final Qiuyue pear fruit cork disease incidence rate was the lowest, the average single fruit weight was the best, the soluble solids content was high, the leaves did not curl, turn yellow or fall off, and the quality of Qiuyue pear fruit was improved; at the same time, the influence of the combination of four nutrients of calcium, boron, silicon and amino acids on the quality and cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit was explored, and the timely research on the causes of the cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit and the corresponding prevention technical countermeasures was of great significance to the development of the pear industry.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the raw materials include: 0-0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0-0.02% boric acid, 0.025-0.075% organic silicon, 0.05-0.1% amino acid raw powder, and the rest is water.

2. A composite fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated by mass percentage, the raw materials include: 0.2-0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0-0.02% boric acid, 0.025-0.075% organic silicon, 0.05-0.1% amino acid raw powder, and the rest is water.

3. A method for preparing a compound fertilizer for preventing and treating cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit, characterized in that: A compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling cork disease of autumn moon pear according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the raw materials include, by mass percentage: 0.2-0.4% anhydrous calcium chloride, 0-0.02% boric acid, 0.025-0.075% organosilicon, 0.05-0.1% amino acid powder, and the rest is water; The preparation method is prepared by fully and uniformly mixing anhydrous calcium chloride, boric acid, organic silicon, amino acid raw powder and water.

4. Use of the compound fertilizer for preventing and controlling cork disease of Qiuyue pear fruit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the cultivation process of Qiuyue pear trees.

Images