Formula and preparation process of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer based on Gobi region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, and discloses a water-soluble fertilizer formula based on macroelements in gobi regions and a preparation process of the water-soluble fertilizer formula. The fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 40-80 parts of a phosphorus fertilizer, 80-150 parts of a potassium fertilizer, 5-10 parts of a chelating agent, 10-20 parts of a water-retaining agent, 15-30 parts of a soil conditioner, 8-15 parts of a modified composition and 2-5 parts of a trace element composition. Comprising the following steps: S1, raw material pretreatment, S2, mixing and stirring, S3, trace element addition, S4, granulation and drying, and S5, quality detection and packaging. The proportion of the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer is reasonably adjusted, the special requirements of crops in the gobi region for macroelements are met, the soil structure in the gobi region is effectively improved, the physical property of the soil is improved, and the soil acidity and alkalinity can be adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, in particular to a formula of a water-soluble fertilizer containing a large number of elements in a Gobi region and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a special ecological environment area, the Gobi region is characterized by drought, little rain, poor soil, strong winds and sand, and large temperature differences between day and night, which brings many severe challenges to agricultural production.

[0003] Lack of water resources: The Gobi region has little annual precipitation and great evaporation. The shortage of water resources has severely restricted agricultural irrigation water. Traditional irrigation methods often lead to a large waste of water resources, while the application of efficient water-saving irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation has put forward higher requirements on the solubility and adaptability of fertilizers. Ordinary fertilizers are difficult to meet the needs of these new irrigation systems.

[0004] Low soil fertility: The soil in the Gobi region is mostly sandy or gravelly, with poor soil structure, extremely low organic matter content, and poor water and fertilizer retention capacity. The soil lacks the macro-elements and trace elements required for plant growth. The poor nutrients make it difficult for crops to grow and develop normally, and the yield and quality are greatly affected. At the same time, due to the special properties of the soil, the nutrients in conventional fertilizers are easily lost, and the fertilizer utilization rate is low, which not only increases the cost of agricultural production, but also poses a potential risk of pollution to the environment.

[0005] The impact of adverse climatic conditions on crops: The large temperature difference between day and night makes crops face greater physiological pressure during their growth, and they need a more reasonable nutrient supply to enhance their resistance. Frequent sandstorms can easily cause mechanical damage to crops, and also affect the effect and stability of fertilizer application. In such an environment, ordinary fertilizers are difficult to meet the special nutrient needs of crops. There is an urgent need to develop a fertilizer product specifically suitable for the Gobi region and its supporting preparation process.

[0006] The limitations of existing fertilizers and preparation processes are as follows:

[0007] Inadaptability of traditional fertilizer formula: Most of the macronutrient water-soluble fertilizers on the market are designed for common soil and climate conditions. Their formula composition and nutrient ratios are difficult to meet the growth needs of crops in the Gobi region. For example, some fertilizers contain too much nitrogen fertilizer, ignoring the special needs of the Gobi region's soil for elements such as phosphorus and potassium; or lack the addition of effective ingredients for soil improvement and water retention in the Gobi region. In addition, the combination of trace elements in traditional fertilizers is not reasonable enough to meet the special needs of crops in the Gobi region for trace elements under special conditions.

[0008] Defects in the preparation process: The existing fertilizer preparation process also has many problems when facing the special raw materials and production conditions in the Gobi region. For example, in terms of raw material pretreatment, there is no special treatment method for raw materials unique to the Gobi region (such as mineral fertilizer raw materials rich in impurities), resulting in unstable product quality. During the mixing and stirring process, it is impossible to achieve full and uniform mixing of the components, affecting the fertilizer efficiency and stability. In the granulation and drying stages, traditional processes often have difficulty controlling the size and shape of the particles, making them unsuitable for the water-saving irrigation system in the Gobi region, and the drying process easily destroys the active ingredients in the fertilizer, reducing the quality of the fertilizer.

[0009] Lack of targeted innovative technologies: Existing fertilizer R&D and production technologies lack in-depth research and innovation on the special environment of the Gobi region. For example, the characteristics of the soil microbial community in the Gobi region are not fully considered, and there is a lack of adding beneficial microbial agents that can adapt to the environment of the Gobi region; the slow-release technology of fertilizers is not mature enough to meet the long-term and stable nutrient supply needs of crops in the Gobi region. At the same time, the existing preparation process cannot well adapt to the development requirements of the Gobi region in terms of energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection and sustainability.

[0010] In summary, in order to promote the sustainable development of agriculture in the Gobi region and improve the yield and quality of crops, it is urgently necessary to develop an innovative water-soluble fertilizer formula of macroelements based on the Gobi region and its advanced preparation process. Summary of the invention

[0011] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0012] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a formula of a water-soluble fertilizer of a large number of elements based on the Gobi region and a preparation process thereof.

[0013] (II) Technical solution

[0014] A water-soluble fertilizer formula based on a large number of elements in the Gobi region, comprising the following weight components:

[0015] Nitrogen fertilizer: 30 to 50 parts, the nitrogen fertilizer shall be a mixed nitrogen fertilizer composed of urea and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 2:1, and the total nitrogen content shall not be less than 40%;

[0016] Phosphate fertilizer: 40 to 80 parts, the phosphate fertilizer shall be a mixed phosphate fertilizer composed of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate in a mass ratio of 1:2, and the effective phosphorus content shall not be less than 20%;

[0017] Potash fertilizer: 80 to 150 parts, which is a mixed potash fertilizer composed of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate in a mass ratio of 3:2, with a potassium content of not less than 55%;

[0018] Chelating agent: 5 to 10 parts, the chelating agent is a mixed chelating agent composed of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EDTA and citric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0019] Water retaining agent: 10 to 20 parts, the water retaining agent is a mixed water retaining agent composed of polyacrylamide and starch grafted acrylate in a mass ratio of 2:3;

[0020] Soil conditioner: 15 to 30 parts, the soil conditioner is composed of humic acid, biochar and zeolite in a mass ratio of 3:2:1;

[0021] Modified composition: 8 to 15 parts, the modified composition is composed of polyaspartic acid, chitosan and seaweed extract in a mass ratio of 2:1:3, the seaweed extract is rich in natural active substances required for plant growth, including plant hormones and amino acids;

[0022] Trace element composition: the mass proportion is 2 to 5 parts, and it is composed of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:0.5, wherein the boron fertilizer is borax with a boron content of not less than 10%; the zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate with a zinc content of not less than 30%; the iron fertilizer is ferrous sulfate with an iron content of not less than 15%; the molybdenum fertilizer is ammonium molybdate with a molybdenum content of not less than 50%.

[0023] Preferably, a microbial agent combination is introduced into the fertilizer formula, which includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and silicate bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:2:1. The nitrogen-fixing bacteria can convert nitrogen in the air into nitrogen that can be absorbed and utilized by plants, the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria converts the insoluble phosphorus in the soil into effective phosphorus, and the silicate bacteria is used to decompose potassium and minerals in the soil. The amount added is 3% to 6% of the total mass of the fertilizer.

[0024] Preferably, polyurea formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resin slow-release materials are added to the fertilizer formula, and the added amount of the slow-release materials is 5% to 10% of the total weight of the fertilizer.

[0025] Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1. Raw material pretreatment:

[0027] The nitrogen fertilizer raw materials urea and ammonium nitrate are crushed to a particle size of no more than 0.5 mm, the phosphate fertilizer raw materials monoammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate are dried to a moisture content of no more than 3%, and the potash fertilizer raw materials potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate are screened to remove impurities;

[0028] The soil conditioner composed of humic acid, biochar and zeolite is activated, and the soil conditioner is evenly mixed with 1% to 2% of microbial agent by weight by combining microbial fermentation and high-temperature calcination, and the moisture content is adjusted to 40% to 50%, and composting fermentation is carried out. The fermentation temperature is controlled between 40°C and 60°C, and the fermentation time is 7 to 10 days; the fermented soil conditioner is calcined at a high temperature, the calcination temperature is 300°C to 500°C, and the calcination time is 2 hours to 3 hours;

[0029] Pre-treating the modified composition composed of polyaspartic acid, chitosan and seaweed extract, dissolving chitosan in a dilute acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution with a mass concentration of 2% to 5%; respectively crushing the polyaspartic acid and the seaweed extract to a particle size not exceeding 0.2 mm;

[0030] S2. Mixing and stirring:

[0031] Add the pretreated nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, chelating agent, water retaining agent, soil conditioner, modified composition and microbial agent combination into a mixing and stirring device according to the formula ratio, and stir and mix for 30 to 60 minutes;

[0032] During the mixing process, water is added in stages to form a uniform slurry of the fertilizer, the amount of water added being 20% ​​to 30% of the total weight of the fertilizer, and the chitosan solution is added to the mixing system;

[0033] S3. Trace element addition:

[0034] Premix the boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer in proportion, then slowly add them into the mixing and stirring equipment under stirring, and continue stirring for 15 to 30 minutes to fully mix them;

[0035] S4, granulation and drying:

[0036] The mixed fertilizer slurry is sent to the granulator for granulation. The granulator adopts extrusion granulation method, and the granulation particle size is controlled between 1 mm and 3 mm;

[0037] The granulated fertilizer particles are sent to a drying device for drying. The drying temperature is controlled between 60°C and 80°C. The drying time is 2 hours to 4 hours. The moisture content of the fertilizer particles does not exceed 5%.

[0038] S5, Quality Inspection and Packaging:

[0039] The prepared fertilizer is quality tested, and the test items include nutrient content, pH value, and particle size index. The pH value is between 6.0 and 7.5. The qualified fertilizer is packaged and stored. The packaging material is moisture-proof and leak-proof plastic woven bags or paper bags.

[0040] Preferably, in step S2, sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant is added, and the amount of surfactant added is 0.5% to 1% of the total mass of the fertilizer; the stirring equipment adopts a vertical mixer with multi-layer stirring blades, and adopts segmented stirring, firstly performs preliminary mixing at a speed of 30 to 35 rpm, then gradually increases the speed to 50 rpm for intensive mixing, and finally performs stable mixing at a speed of 30 to 35 rpm;

[0041] In step S3, the boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer raw materials in the trace element composition are pretreated, the borax is crushed to a particle size of no more than 0.1 mm; the zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate are dried to a moisture content of no more than 2%; and the ammonium molybdate is screened to remove impurities.

[0042] Preferably, in the step S5, the detection of the microbial activity in the fertilizer adopts a plate count method or a fluorescent quantitative PCR method to detect the number and activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and silicate bacteria in the microbial agent combination.

[0043] (III) Beneficial technical effects

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. Precise nutrient supply: The fertilizer formula of the present invention is carefully designed according to the soil characteristics and crop growth requirements of the Gobi region. The ratios of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer are rationally allocated to meet the special needs of crops in the Gobi region for a large number of elements. For example, the content of potash fertilizer is increased to adapt to the environment with large temperature difference between day and night in the Gobi region, helping crops to enhance stress resistance. At the same time, the added trace element composition provides comprehensive nutritional support for crops, makes up for the problem of trace element deficiency in the Gobi soil, promotes the normal growth and development of crops, and effectively improves the yield and quality of crops.

[0046] 2. Soil improvement: The soil improver in the formula is composed of humic acid, biochar and zeolite, which can effectively improve the soil structure in the Gobi region. Humic acid can increase the content of soil organic matter and improve soil fertility; biochar has good water retention and air permeability, which can improve the physical properties of the soil; zeolite can absorb and slowly release nutrients, reduce nutrient loss, and regulate soil pH. Through these effects, a good growth environment is created for crop roots, promoting the root system's absorption of nutrients.

[0047] 3. Water-retaining and water-saving function: The addition of water-retaining agent greatly improves the water-retaining capacity of the soil. In the case of water scarcity in the Gobi region, water-retaining agent can effectively reduce water evaporation and loss, keep the soil at a suitable humidity, and provide the necessary water conditions for crop growth. This not only saves irrigation water, but also reduces agricultural production costs, while also reducing problems such as soil salinization that may be caused by excessive irrigation.

[0048] 4. Advantages of modified compositions: Polyaspartic acid in the modified compositions can improve the utilization rate of fertilizers and reduce nutrient waste. It combines with metal ions in the soil to form stable chelates, preventing nutrients from being fixed, so that crops can more fully absorb and utilize nutrients in fertilizers. Chitosan has the function of regulating plant growth and enhancing stress resistance. It can activate the plant's defense system and improve the resistance of crops to harsh environments such as drought and high temperature. Seaweed extract is rich in natural active substances required for plant growth, such as plant hormones and amino acids, which can stimulate crop growth, promote root development, and improve the photosynthesis efficiency of crops. 5. Effect of microbial agents: Special microbial agent combinations include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and silicate bacteria, which can play an important role in the soil in the Gobi region. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria can convert nitrogen in the air into nitrogen that can be absorbed and utilized by plants, increase the nitrogen content in the soil, and reduce dependence on chemical nitrogen fertilizers. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can convert phosphorus that is difficult to dissolve in the soil into effective phosphorus, thereby improving the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizers. Silicate bacteria help decompose potassium and minerals in the soil, making them easier for plants to absorb, thereby improving the nutrient supply in the soil of the Gobi region and promoting crop growth.

[0049] 6. Advanced raw material pretreatment: crushing, drying, screening and other pretreatments are carried out on nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and other raw materials to remove impurities and improve the purity and quality of raw materials. Activation treatment is carried out on soil conditioners, and a combination of microbial fermentation and high-temperature calcination is used to improve their activity and fertility so that they can play a better role in the soil. Pretreatment of modified compositions and trace element compositions ensures that they can be fully mixed with other raw materials to improve the overall performance of fertilizers.

[0050] 7. Efficient mixing and stirring: Special mixing equipment and mixing technology are used to ensure that all components can be fully and evenly mixed. Segmented mixing and specially designed mixing blades can produce different flow fields and shear forces, so that the fertilizer raw materials can fully contact and fuse during the mixing process, improving the consistency and stability of the fertilizer. At the same time, adding an appropriate amount of water and chitosan solution during the mixing process can make the fertilizer form a uniform slurry, which is conducive to the subsequent granulation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a bar graph for detecting nutrient content of water-soluble fertilizer.

[0052] Figure 2 It is a bar chart of the number of water-soluble fertilizer microorganisms.

[0053] Figure 3 It is a bar graph of soil organic matter content before and after fertilization.

[0054] Figure 4 It is a bar chart comparing fertilizer efficiency and utilization rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] A water-soluble fertilizer formula based on a large number of elements in the Gobi region, comprising the following weight components:

[0056] Nitrogen fertilizer: 30 to 50 parts. The nitrogen fertilizer shall be a mixed nitrogen fertilizer composed of urea and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 2:1. The total nitrogen content shall not be less than 40%.

[0057] Phosphate fertilizer: 40 to 80 parts. The phosphate fertilizer shall be a mixed fertilizer of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate in a mass ratio of 1:2, and the effective phosphorus content shall not be less than 20%.

[0058] Potash fertilizer: 80 to 150 parts. The potash fertilizer is a mixture of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate in a mass ratio of 3:2, and the potassium content is not less than 55%.

[0059] Chelating agent: 5 to 10 parts, the chelating agent is a mixed chelating agent composed of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EDTA and citric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0060] Water retaining agent: 10 to 20 parts. The water retaining agent is a mixed water retaining agent composed of polyacrylamide and starch grafted acrylate in a mass ratio of 2:3.

[0061] Soil conditioner: 15 to 30 parts. The soil conditioner is composed of humic acid, biochar and zeolite in a mass ratio of 3:2:1.

[0062] Modified composition: 8 to 15 parts, the modified composition consists of polyaspartic acid, chitosan and seaweed extract in a mass ratio of 2:1:3, and the seaweed extract is rich in natural active substances required for plant growth, including plant hormones and amino acids.

[0063] Trace element composition: the mass proportion is 2 to 5 parts, and it is composed of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:0.5, wherein the boron fertilizer is borax with a boron content of not less than 10%; the zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate with a zinc content of not less than 30%; the iron fertilizer is ferrous sulfate with an iron content of not less than 15%; the molybdenum fertilizer is ammonium molybdate with a molybdenum content of not less than 50%.

[0064] A microbial agent combination, which includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and silicate bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:2:1. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria can convert nitrogen in the air into nitrogen that can be absorbed and utilized by plants. Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria converts insoluble phosphorus in the soil into effective phosphorus. Silicate bacteria are used to decompose potassium and minerals in the soil. The amount added is 3% to 6% of the total mass of the fertilizer.

[0065] Preferably, polyurea formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resin slow-release materials are added to the fertilizer formula, and the added amount of the slow-release materials is 5% to 10% of the total weight of the fertilizer.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] S1. Raw material pretreatment:

[0068] The nitrogen fertilizer raw materials 30kg urea and 15kg ammonium nitrate were crushed respectively to make their particle size not exceed 0.5 mm, the phosphate fertilizer raw materials 20kg monoammonium phosphate and 40kg ammonium polyphosphate were dried to make their moisture content not exceed 3%, and the potash fertilizer raw materials 60kg potassium sulfate and 40kg potassium nitrate were screened to remove impurities.

[0069] A soil conditioner consisting of 12kg of humic acid, 8kg of biochar and 4kg of zeolite was activated, and the soil conditioner was evenly mixed with 0.3kg of microbial agent Bacillus subtilis by a method combining microbial fermentation and high-temperature calcination. The moisture content was adjusted to 50%, and composting fermentation was carried out. The fermentation temperature was controlled at 50°C and the fermentation time was 7 days. The fermented soil conditioner was calcined at a high temperature, the calcination temperature was 450°C, and the calcination time was 3 hours.

[0070] The modified composition consisting of 4kg of polyaspartic acid, 2kg of chitosan and 6kg of seaweed extract was pretreated, and chitosan was dissolved in a dilute acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution with a mass concentration of 3%; the polyaspartic acid and the seaweed extract were crushed separately to make the particle size not exceed 0.2 mm.

[0071] S2. Mixing and stirring:

[0072] The pretreated 40kg nitrogen fertilizer, 50kg phosphorus fertilizer, 90kg potash fertilizer, 5kg chelating agent, 15kg water retaining agent, 24kg soil conditioner, 12kg modified composition and 8kg microbial agent are added into a mixing and stirring device for stirring and mixing. The stirring device adopts a vertical mixer with multi-layer stirring blades and adopts segmented stirring. The initial mixing is first carried out at a speed of 30 rpm, and then the speed is gradually increased to 50 rpm for intensive mixing. Finally, the speed is 35 rpm for stable mixing. The stirring time is 60 minutes.

[0073] During the mixing process, 50 kg of water was added in stages to make the fertilizer form a uniform slurry, the chitosan solution was added to the mixed system, and then 2 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant was added.

[0074] S3. Trace element addition:

[0075] The raw materials of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer are pretreated, and the borax is crushed to make its particle size not exceed 0.1 mm; the zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate are dried to make the moisture content not exceed 2%; the ammonium molybdate is screened to remove impurities; 1kg of boron fertilizer, 1kg of zinc fertilizer, 2kg of iron fertilizer and 0.5kg of molybdenum fertilizer are mixed evenly, and then slowly added into the mixing and stirring equipment under stirring state, and stirring is continued for 15 minutes, and then 20kg of polyurea formaldehyde slow-release material is added to make them fully mixed evenly.

[0076] S4, granulation and drying:

[0077] The mixed fertilizer slurry is sent to the granulator for granulation. The granulator adopts extrusion granulation method, and the granulation particle size is controlled between 1 mm and 3 mm.

[0078] The granulated fertilizer particles are sent to a drying device for drying. The drying temperature is controlled between 60° C. and 80° C., the drying time is 2 hours to 4 hours, and the moisture content of the fertilizer particles does not exceed 5%.

[0079] S5, Quality Inspection and Packaging:

[0080] The prepared fertilizer is tested for quality, including nutrient content, pH value, and particle size index. The pH value is between 6.0 and 7.5. The plate count method is used to test the number and activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-dissolving bacteria, and silicate bacteria in the microbial agent combination. The qualified fertilizer is packaged and stored in moisture-proof and leak-proof plastic woven bags.

[0081] Comparative Example 1: No modified composition was added, and the remaining processes were the same as in Example 1.

[0082] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A formula of water-soluble fertilizer based on a large number of elements in the Gobi region, characterized in that: Contains the following components by weight: Nitrogen fertilizer: 30 to 50 parts, the nitrogen fertilizer shall be a mixed nitrogen fertilizer composed of urea and ammonium nitrate in a mass ratio of 2:1, and the total nitrogen content shall not be less than 40%; Phosphate fertilizer: 40 to 80 parts, the phosphate fertilizer shall be a mixed phosphate fertilizer composed of monoammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate in a mass ratio of 1:2, and the effective phosphorus content shall not be less than 20%; Potash fertilizer: 80 to 150 parts, which is a mixed potash fertilizer composed of potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate in a mass ratio of 3:2, with a potassium content of not less than 55%; Chelating agent: 5 to 10 parts, the chelating agent is a mixed chelating agent composed of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EDTA and citric acid in a mass ratio of 1:1; Water retaining agent: 10 to 20 parts, the water retaining agent is a mixed water retaining agent composed of polyacrylamide and starch grafted acrylate in a mass ratio of 2:3; Soil conditioner: 15 to 30 parts, the soil conditioner is composed of humic acid, biochar and zeolite in a mass ratio of 3:2:1; Modified composition: 8 to 15 parts, the modified composition is composed of polyaspartic acid, chitosan and seaweed extract in a mass ratio of 2:1:3, the seaweed extract is rich in natural active substances required for plant growth, including plant hormones and amino acids; Trace element composition: the mass proportion is 2 to 5 parts, and it is composed of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:0.5, wherein the boron fertilizer is borax with a boron content of not less than 10%; the zinc fertilizer is zinc sulfate with a zinc content of not less than 30%; the iron fertilizer is ferrous sulfate with an iron content of not less than 15%; the molybdenum fertilizer is ammonium molybdate with a molybdenum content of not less than 50%.

2. A water-soluble fertilizer formula based on a large number of elements in the Gobi region according to claim 1, characterized in that: A microbial agent combination is introduced into the fertilizer formula. The microbial agent combination includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and silicate bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:2:1, and the addition amount thereof is 3% to 6% of the total mass of the fertilizer.

3. The formula of a water-soluble fertilizer based on a large number of elements in the Gobi region according to claim 1, characterized in that: Polyurea formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resin slow-release materials are added to the fertilizer formula, and the added amount of the slow-release materials is 5% to 10% of the total weight of the fertilizer.

4. A formula of a water-soluble fertilizer containing a large number of elements in the Gobi region according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material pretreatment: The nitrogen fertilizer raw materials urea and ammonium nitrate are crushed to a particle size of no more than 0.5 mm, the phosphate fertilizer raw materials monoammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate are dried to a moisture content of no more than 3%, and the potash fertilizer raw materials potassium sulfate and potassium nitrate are screened to remove impurities; The soil conditioner composed of humic acid, biochar and zeolite is activated, and the soil conditioner is evenly mixed with 1% to 2% of microbial agent by weight by combining microbial fermentation and high-temperature calcination, and the moisture content is adjusted to 40% to 50%, and composting fermentation is carried out. The fermentation temperature is controlled between 40°C and 60°C, and the fermentation time is 7 to 10 days; the fermented soil conditioner is calcined at a high temperature, the calcination temperature is 300°C to 500°C, and the calcination time is 2 hours to 3 hours; Pre-treating the modified composition composed of polyaspartic acid, chitosan and seaweed extract, dissolving chitosan in a dilute acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution with a mass concentration of 2% to 5%; respectively crushing the polyaspartic acid and the seaweed extract to a particle size not exceeding 0.2 mm; S2. Mixing and stirring: Add the pretreated nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, chelating agent, water retaining agent, soil conditioner, modified composition and microbial agent combination into a mixing and stirring device according to the formula ratio, and stir and mix for 30 to 60 minutes; During the mixing process, water is added in stages to form a uniform slurry of the fertilizer, the amount of water added being 20% ​​to 30% of the total weight of the fertilizer, and the chitosan solution is added to the mixing system; S3. Trace element addition: Premix the boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer in proportion, then slowly add them into the mixing and stirring equipment under stirring, and continue stirring for 15 to 30 minutes to fully mix them; S4, granulation and drying: The mixed fertilizer slurry is sent to the granulator for granulation. The granulator adopts extrusion granulation method, and the granulation particle size is controlled between 1 mm and 3 mm; The granulated fertilizer particles are sent to a drying device for drying. The drying temperature is controlled between 60°C and 80°C. The drying time is 2 hours to 4 hours. The moisture content of the fertilizer particles does not exceed 5%. S5, Quality Inspection and Packaging: The prepared fertilizer is quality tested, and the test items include nutrient content, pH value, and particle size index. The pH value is between 6.0 and 7.

5. The qualified fertilizer is packaged and stored. The packaging material is moisture-proof and leak-proof plastic woven bags or paper bags.

5. A formula of a water-soluble fertilizer based on a large number of elements in the Gobi region according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step S2, sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant is added, and the amount of surfactant added is 0.5% to 1% of the total mass of the fertilizer; the stirring equipment adopts a vertical mixer with multi-layer stirring blades, and adopts segmented stirring, firstly performs preliminary mixing at a speed of 30 to 35 rpm, then gradually increases the speed to 50 rpm for intensive mixing, and finally performs stable mixing at a speed of 30 to 35 rpm; In step S3, the boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, iron fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer raw materials in the trace element composition are pretreated, the borax is crushed to a particle size of no more than 0.1 mm; the zinc sulfate and ferrous sulfate are dried to a moisture content of no more than 2%; and the ammonium molybdate is screened to remove impurities.

6. The formula of a water-soluble fertilizer based on a large number of elements in the Gobi region according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step S5, the activity of microorganisms in the fertilizer is detected by using a plate count method or a fluorescent quantitative PCR method to detect the number and activity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and silicate bacteria in the microbial agent combination.

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