Compound soil conditioner for reducing stem content of tobacco leaves as well as preparation method and application of compound soil conditioner

Abstract

The invention provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves as well as a preparation method and application of the compound soil conditioner. The compound soil conditioner comprises the following components: silicon calcium magnesium potassium, potassium fulvate, gypsum and bentonite. The compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of the tobacco leaves can promote growth and development of the tobacco leaves in the field, has a remarkable promoting effect on reduction of the stem content of flue-cured tobacco, and can remarkably increase the yield of the tobacco leaves and increase the output value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular relates to a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The stem content of tobacco leaves refers to the proportion of tobacco stems in tobacco leaves. It is an important technical and economic indicator for evaluating the quality of tobacco leaves. The effective utilization rate of tobacco leaves is directly related to the stem content of tobacco leaves. Usually, tobacco leaves with low stem content have high effective utilization rates, while tobacco leaves with high stem content have relatively low effective utilization rates. The stem content of tobacco leaves directly affects the stem and sheet (leaf) output rates of leaf threshing and redrying, and also affects the quality and economic traits of tobacco leaves. The quality of tobacco leaves determines the production costs and product quality of cigarette factories and leaf threshing and redrying factories. The stem content of tobacco leaves not only has a significant impact on economic traits, but also has a significant correlation with multiple quality indicators. The stem content of tobacco leaves decreases with the increase of leaf position. The stem content is significantly positively correlated with potassium content, significantly positively correlated with water-soluble chlorine, and significantly negatively correlated with nicotine content. The stem content of tobacco leaves also has a negative effect on some sensory evaluation indicators. As the stem content of tobacco leaves decreases, the impurities are significantly reduced, the irritation is smaller, the dryness is reduced, and the strength is significantly increased. However, studies by some scholars have shown that the lower the stem content of tobacco leaves, the better. Too low a stem content will cause the tobacco leaves to be broken too much, thus reducing the yield of tobacco leaves.

[0003] The stem content of tobacco leaves is generally considered to be about 25% more suitable, with the lowest in the upper leaves, the second highest in the middle leaves, and the highest in the lower leaves. In the late 1980s, the average stem content of tobacco leaves in my country was only about 25%, but with the continuous expansion of the cultivated area and the changes in the cultivation environment and soil environment, the stem content of tobacco leaves in major tobacco-growing areas showed a significant upward trend. By the end of the 2010s, the national average stem content had reached about 30%, and Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shaanxi and other regions even exceeded 30%. The stem content of tobacco leaves in various tobacco-growing areas across the country varies greatly, with the difference in stem content between different regions reaching up to 8%. In addition, the stem content of domestic flue-cured tobacco is about 4% higher than that of foreign flue-cured tobacco. The stem content of tobacco leaves has increased by more than 5% in 30 years. According to statistics, China's tobacco production in 2022 will total 43.76 million dan, which is equivalent to a reduction of 2.19 million dan of tobacco leaves per year based on the total tobacco production in 2022. The excessively high stem content has had a significant impact on the development of my country's cigarette industry.

[0004] CN114158570A discloses a compound agent for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves, a preparation method and an application thereof. The compound agent is prepared by dissolving three or four components of 6-benzylaminopurine, aminoethyl ester, lanthanum chloride and yield-increasing amine in a solvent to obtain a compound agent, which is sprayed on the flue-cured tobacco leaves twice, the first time when 50% of the tobacco plants are budding, and the second time on the day of topping, ensuring that each tobacco leaf is sprayed evenly on both sides until the whole leaf is moistened. The research results show that the compound agent can promote the growth and development of tobacco leaves in the field and reduce the stem content of tobacco leaves.

[0005] CN110294654A discloses a special fertilizer for tobacco and its preparation method and application. The mass percentage of inorganic components in the slow-release fertilizer is 60-75%; the content of N element in the inorganic components is 8-11%, the content of P element in terms of P2O5 is 4-9%, and the content of K element in terms of K2O is 14-18%; the phosphate fertilizer is composed of ammonium polyphosphate and monoammonium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:3-4; the organic component is composed of lignin and decomposed silkworm excrement in a mass ratio of 1:3-6. The invention uses decomposed silkworm excrement and lignin in a specific ratio as organic components, ammonium polyphosphate and monoammonium phosphate in a specific ratio as phosphate fertilizer, and is combined with a specific amount of inorganic fertilizer. The tobacco-specific fertilizer obtained can effectively promote slow seedling growth, early growth of strong seedlings, and help to appropriately accelerate the growth process. The dry matter accumulation time is extended, which is conducive to the formation of yield and quality, and the rate of top-grade and upper-medium tobacco is improved, and the stem content rate is appropriately reduced.

[0006] However, the above-mentioned existing technologies have a slow effect on reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. Therefore, it is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently to develop a new type of compound soil conditioner to cooperate with the application of chemical fertilizers to more effectively reduce the stem content of tobacco leaves, improve the quality and yield of tobacco leaves, and regulate the soil environment. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves, and a preparation method and application thereof. The compound soil conditioner has a novel formula, is convenient to prepare and easy to apply, and is intended to reduce the stem content of each leaf position of flue-cured tobacco and improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

[0008] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves, wherein the components of the compound soil conditioner include potassium calcium magnesium silicate, potassium humate, gypsum and bentonite.

[0010] The silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium described in the present invention has effective silicon ≥25%, effective calcium ≥25%, effective magnesium ≥12%, sulfur ≥10%, potassium humate ≥10%, small molecule carbon ≥1.5%, and alginic acid ≥5%, and has the effects of rooting and strengthening seedlings, salt and alkali resistance, disease resistance and frost resistance. The potassium humate (nitrogen: 3, potassium: 11) has small molecule organic matter ≥60%, fulvic acid ≥35%, and fulvic acid is a short carbon chain molecular structure substance extracted from natural humic acid, which has high loading capacity and physiological activity. Applied to agriculture and horticulture industries, it has the functions of preventing and controlling plant diseases, enhancing waterlogging resistance, stimulating plant microbial activity, slow-release fertilizers, improving fertilizer and pesticide utilization, improving nutrient absorption, promoting plant germination and growth, accelerating precipitation and decomposition, and improving soil structure. The gypsum and bentonite can improve the physical properties of the soil. The combination of the four has a synergistic effect, can promote the growth and development of tobacco leaves in the field, significantly increase tobacco leaf yield, reduce the stem content of flue-cured tobacco, and thus increase the output value of tobacco leaves.

[0011] Preferably, the components of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves include 90-110 parts of calcium magnesium potassium silicate, 90-110 parts of potassium humate, 5-20 parts of gypsum and 1-20 parts of bentonite in parts by weight.

[0012] The addition amount of silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium in the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves of the present invention can be 91 parts, 93 parts, 95 parts, 97 parts, 99 parts, 100 parts, 101 parts, 103 parts, 105 parts, 107 parts or 109 parts, etc.;

[0013] The amount of potassium humate added can be 91 parts, 93 parts, 95 parts, 97 parts, 99 parts, 100 parts, 101 parts, 103 parts, 105 parts, 107 parts or 109 parts, etc.;

[0014] The amount of gypsum added can be 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts or 19 parts, etc.;

[0015] The added amount of the bentonite can be 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts or 19 parts, etc.

[0016] Preferably, the components of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves include 95-110 parts of calcium magnesium potassium silicate, 90-105 parts of potassium humate, 8-18 parts of gypsum and 5-20 parts of bentonite in parts by weight.

[0017] Preferably, the components of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves include 95-105 parts of calcium magnesium potassium silicate, 95-105 parts of potassium humate, 10-15 parts of gypsum and 10-20 parts of bentonite in parts by weight.

[0018] Preferably, the silicon-calcium-magnesium-potassium fertilizer is selected from Shandong Akang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0019] Preferably, the potassium fulvic acid is selected from Qingdao Baiyuan Bioengineering Co., Ltd., China.

[0020] Preferably, the components of the compound soil conditioner also include any one or a combination of at least two of wood ash, dolomite powder or perlite.

[0021] Preferably, the components of the compound soil conditioner also include wood ash, dolomite powder and perlite.

[0022] The compound soil conditioner of the present invention can further improve the physical properties and soil aggregate structure of the soil by adding auxiliary materials such as plant ash, dolomite powder, and perlite, improve the soil environment, and promote the absorption and utilization of tobacco plant fertilizer by tobacco leaves.

[0023] Preferably, the components of the composite soil conditioner also include 15-25 parts of wood ash (for example, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts or 24 parts, etc.), 5-10 parts of dolomite powder (for example, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts, etc.), and 5-10 parts of perlite (for example, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts, etc.).

[0024] Other specific point values ​​within the above numerical ranges can be selected and will not be described in detail here.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves as described in the first aspect, the preparation method comprising mixing and crushing potassium calcium magnesium silicate, potassium humate, gypsum and bentonite and then granulating to obtain the compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves.

[0026] Preferably, the preparation method comprises:

[0027] (1) Silicon calcium magnesium potassium, potassium humate and gypsum are mixed and crushed, and then sieved to obtain a crushed product;

[0028] The bentonite is crushed and sieved, and then mixed with plant ash, dolomite powder and perlite to obtain auxiliary materials;

[0029] (2) The pulverized product and auxiliary materials are mixed, water is added after being uniformly mixed, and then granulated by a granulator to obtain the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves.

[0030] Preferably, the pulverized product in step (1) is sieved through a 55-70 mesh sieve, for example, 56 mesh, 58 mesh, 60 mesh, 62 mesh, 64 mesh, 66 mesh or 68 mesh.

[0031] Preferably, the bentonite in step (1) is sieved after being crushed through a 30-50 mesh sieve, such as 31 mesh, 33 mesh, 35 mesh, 38 mesh, 40 mesh, 45 mesh, 47 mesh or 49 mesh.

[0032] Preferably, the particle size after granulation in step (2) is 2-5 mm, for example, it can be 2.2 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.8 mm, 3 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.8 mm, 4 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.5 mm or 4.8 mm.

[0033] Preferably, the granulation in step (2) is followed by a drying process.

[0034] Other specific point values ​​within the above numerical ranges can be selected and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a use of the compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves as described in the first aspect in tobacco planting.

[0036] Preferably, during tobacco planting, the compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is spread on the soil surface together with the base fertilizer, and the soil is rotary tilled and ridges are formed to plant tobacco.

[0037] Preferably, the dosage of the compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is 150-300 kg / mu, for example, it can be 160 kg / mu, 170 kg / mu, 180 kg / mu, 190 kg / mu, 200 kg / mu, 210 kg / mu, 220 kg / mu, 230 kg / mu, 240 kg / mu, 250 kg / mu, 260 kg / mu, 270 kg / mu, 280 kg / mu or 290 kg / mu, etc.

[0038] Other specific point values ​​within the above numerical ranges can be selected and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] (1) The composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves of the present invention can promote the growth and development of tobacco leaves in the field, has a significant promoting effect on reducing the stem content of flue-cured tobacco, and can significantly increase the yield of tobacco leaves and improve the output value.

[0041] (2) The preparation method of the compound soil conditioner of the present invention has simple steps, is easy to operate, and is more suitable for industrial production. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0043] The silicon-calcium-magnesium-potassium fertilizers in the embodiments of the present invention were purchased from Shandong Akang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] The potassium humate was purchased from Qingdao Baiyuan Bioengineering Co., Ltd., China.

[0045] The rest of the raw materials can be used as long as they are purchased from regular dealers.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] This embodiment provides a composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The components of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves are as follows:

[0048] 100 parts of silicon calcium magnesium potassium, 100 parts of potassium humate, 12 parts of gypsum, 20 parts of wood ash, 8 parts of dolomite powder, 8 parts of perlite, and 15 parts of bentonite.

[0049] The preparation method of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is as follows:

[0050] (1) mixing calcium magnesium silicon potassium, potassium humate and gypsum, and crushing the mixture, and passing the mixture through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed product;

[0051] (2) crushing the bentonite, passing it through a 40-mesh sieve, and then uniformly mixing it with wood ash, dolomite powder, and perlite to obtain auxiliary materials;

[0052] (3) The crushed product and auxiliary materials are mixed and stirred evenly, and an appropriate amount of water is added to the mixture, and the mixture is crushed, mixed, and granulated in a granulator to form particles with a diameter of 4 mm. After drying, the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is obtained.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment provides a composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The components of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves are as follows:

[0055] 95 parts of silicon calcium magnesium potassium, 110 parts of potassium humate, 8 parts of gypsum, 15 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of dolomite powder, 5 parts of perlite, and 20 parts of bentonite;

[0056] The preparation method of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is as follows:

[0057] (1) mixing calcium magnesium silicon potassium, potassium humate and gypsum, and crushing the mixture, and passing the mixture through a 70-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed product;

[0058] (2) crushing the bentonite, passing it through a 30-mesh sieve, and then uniformly mixing it with wood ash, dolomite powder, and perlite to obtain auxiliary materials;

[0059] (3) The pulverized product and auxiliary materials are mixed and stirred evenly, and an appropriate amount of water is added to the mixture, and the mixture is pulverized, mixed, and granulated in a granulator to form particles with a diameter of 3 mm. After drying, the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is obtained.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] This embodiment provides a composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The components of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves are as follows:

[0062] 105 parts of silicon calcium magnesium potassium, 90 parts of potassium humate, 15 parts of gypsum, 25 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of dolomite powder, 10 parts of perlite, and 10 parts of bentonite;

[0063] The preparation method of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is as follows:

[0064] (1) mixing calcium magnesium silicon potassium, potassium humate and gypsum, and crushing the mixture, and passing the mixture through a 550-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed product;

[0065] (2) crushing the bentonite, passing it through a 50-mesh sieve, and then uniformly mixing it with wood ash, dolomite powder, and perlite to obtain auxiliary materials;

[0066] (3) The crushed product and auxiliary materials are mixed and stirred evenly, and an appropriate amount of water is added to the mixture, and the mixture is crushed, mixed, and granulated in a granulator to form particles with a diameter of 5 mm. After drying, the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is obtained.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] This embodiment provides a composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The components of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves are as follows:

[0069] 100 parts of silicon calcium magnesium potassium, 100 parts of potassium humate, 12 parts of gypsum, and 15 parts of bentonite;

[0070] The preparation method of the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is as follows:

[0071] (1) mixing calcium magnesium silicon potassium, potassium humate and gypsum, and crushing the mixture, and passing the mixture through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a crushed product;

[0072] (2) crushing bentonite and passing it through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain auxiliary materials;

[0073] (3) The crushed product and auxiliary materials are mixed and stirred evenly, and an appropriate amount of water is added to the mixture, and the mixture is crushed, mixed, and granulated in a granulator to form particles with a diameter of 4 mm. After drying, the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is obtained.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] The present embodiment provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves differs from that of Example 1 only in that dolomite powder is not included, and the reduced amount is supplemented by wood ash and perlite in proportion to the number of parts. The amounts of other components and the preparation method are the same as those of Example 1.

[0076] Example 6

[0077] The present embodiment provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves differs from that of Example 1 only in that wood ash is not included, and the reduced amount is supplemented by dolomite powder and perlite in proportion to the number of parts. The amounts of other components and the preparation method are the same as those of Example 1.

[0078] Example 7

[0079] The present embodiment provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves differs from that of Example 1 only in that perlite is not included, and the reduced amount thereof is supplemented by wood ash and dolomite powder in proportion to the number of parts. The amounts of other components and the preparation method are the same as those of Example 1.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] This comparative example provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves differs from Example 1 only in that it does not include silicon, calcium, magnesium and potassium, and the reduced amount is supplemented by potassium humate, gypsum and bentonite in proportion to the number of parts. The amount of other components and the preparation method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0082] Comparative Example 2

[0083] This comparative example provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is different from Example 1 only in that potassium humate is not included, and the reduced amount is supplemented by potassium calcium magnesium silicate, gypsum and bentonite in proportion to the number of parts. The amount of other components and the preparation method are consistent with those in Example 1.

[0084] Comparative Example 3

[0085] This comparative example provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves differs from Example 1 only in that gypsum is not included, and the reduced amount is supplemented by potassium calcium magnesium silicate, potassium humate and bentonite in proportion to the number of parts. The amount of other components and the preparation method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0086] Comparative Example 4

[0087] This comparative example provides a compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves. The compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves differs from Example 1 only in that bentonite is not included, and the reduced amount is supplemented by potassium calcium magnesium silicate, potassium humate and gypsum in proportion to the number of parts. The amount of other components and the preparation method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0088] Test Case

[0089] 1 Materials and methods

[0090] 1.1 Test location

[0091] Suburban Tobacco Station, Guiyang County, Chenzhou City, Hunan Province.

[0092] 1.2 Test materials

[0093] The test variety was Yunyan 87, and the test was carried out in the form of seedling trays. The test soil type was loess paddy soil. The basic physical and chemical properties of the soil were: organic matter 48.5g / kg, total nitrogen 2.66g / kg, total phosphorus 0.96g / kg, total potassium 10.9g / kg, available phosphorus 39.9mg / kg, available potassium 206.6mg / kg, alkaline nitrogen 188.7mg / kg, and pH 6.5.

[0094] 1.3 Experimental design

[0095] A flat plot was selected for the experiment, with 11 compound soil conditioner treatment groups and 1 control group. A randomized block test design was adopted, with a total of 12 plots. The plots were arranged before ridge formation, with an area of ​​0.5 mu for each plot (the shape of the plot can be adjusted according to the actual situation, but the area of ​​each plot must be guaranteed to be more than 0.2 mu). After the flue-cured tobacco transplanting was completed, the actual number of transplanted plants in each plot was accurately counted, and the spacing between transplanted rows was unified to 1.2m×0.5m. Other production technical measures were consistent with the local ones.

[0096] The compound soil conditioners of Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were applied together with basal fertilizer during the flue-cured tobacco production season (the dosage was 200 kg / mu), and a control group was used without using the compound soil conditioner and only using basal fertilizer, and the method of hole application was adopted.

[0097] More than 10 tobacco plants were selected from each area to measure their agronomic traits during the dome stage (about 7 days after topping and before the first tobacco shed was harvested and cured).

[0098] 2 kg of tobacco leaf samples of B2F, C3F and X2F were taken from each area for other tests.

[0099] 2. Stem content and sensory quality test

[0100] 2.1. Stem content (%): The test samples were tobacco leaves from B2F, C3F and X2F of each district.

[0101] Test method: Randomly select 10 tobacco leaves, balance the moisture for 7 days, separate the mesophyll and the main vein, weigh the weight of the tobacco leaves and the stems, and calculate the stem content according to the formula: stem content = (weight of 10 tobacco stems / weight of 10 tobacco leaves) × 100%. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0102] Table 1

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] As shown in Table 1, the stem content rate of different leaf positions of the flue-cured tobacco leaves treated with the compound soil conditioner was lower than that of the control group, indicating that the additional application of the compound soil conditioner can reduce the stem content rate of tobacco leaves at different leaf positions to varying degrees.

[0106] 2.2. Prepare B2F and C3F tobacco leaves into flue-cured tobacco for determination of sensory quality.

[0107] Flue-cured tobacco process: carried out in accordance with the standard "Technical Regulations for Flue-cured Tobacco GB / T 23219-2008".

[0108] Tobacco sensory evaluation and smoking quality indexes and identification methods: In this test, the original tobacco is cut into shreds after the stems are removed, and the shredded tobacco is fully mixed to make cigarette sticks, which are placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of (22±1)℃ and an air humidity of (60±3)% for 48 hours. The single-material tobacco smoking quality index and scoring standard are established with reference to the standard YC / T 138-1998

[18] , and the smoking evaluation is conducted by 6 professional smoking evaluation personnel. The sensory evaluation indexes include 10 indicators: aroma characteristics (aroma quality, aroma volume, permeability, and impurities), taste characteristics (irritation, dryness, and aftertaste), and style characteristics (style expression, concentration, and strength). The full score for each indicator is 9 points.

[0109] The results are shown in Table 2.

[0110] Table 2

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] As shown in Table 2, the sensory quality of the middle and upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco treated with the compound soil conditioner was different. As for the middle leaves, the quality evaluation of the embodiment group was generally at the same level as that of the control group, the degree of style characteristics was better than that of the control group, and the smoke concentration and strength were slightly lower than those of the control group. As for the upper leaves, the aroma quality, aroma volume and permeability of the embodiment group were higher than those of the control group, the impurities were lighter, the aftertaste was more comfortable, and the smoke concentration and strength were higher than those of the control group.

[0114] 3. Physical and chemical index tests

[0115] In the determination of the physical indices, the agronomic trait terms "dome period, plant height, biological leaf number, effective leaf number, stem girth, internode distance, maximum leaf length, maximum leaf width, inverted trifoliate leaf length, inverted trifoliate leaf width" are based on "Tobacco Terminology Part 1: Tobacco Types and Tobacco Leaf Production GB / T 18771.1-2015".

[0116] The leaf length, leaf width, single leaf weight, thickness, leaf weight and moisture content are measured by pre-processing tobacco leaf samples according to YC / T 31-1996, and the determination methods are as follows:

[0117] (1) Leaf length (cm) and leaf width (cm): Randomly select 10 tobacco leaves, measure the length of each leaf, and calculate the average length of the 10 leaves to two decimal places, such as 75.26 cm. Import the data into an Excel spreadsheet and calculate the average length of the 10 leaves as the length of the sample. Measure the width of each leaf, and calculate the average width of the 10 leaves to two decimal places, such as 25.26 cm. Import the data into an Excel spreadsheet and calculate the average width of the 10 leaves as the width of the sample.

[0118] (2) Single leaf weight (g): Single leaf weight refers to the weight of a leaf. Ten tobacco leaves were randomly selected and weighed after 7 days of moisture balance. The average weight of the ten tobacco leaves was calculated as the single leaf weight of the sample.

[0119] (3) Leaf thickness (mm): 10 tobacco leaves were randomly selected and allowed to equilibrate their moisture content for 7 days. The 10 leaves were then punched with a circular punch. Two discs were punched from each leaf, avoiding the side veins as much as possible. The total thickness of the 20 discs was measured with a micrometer. The average thickness of the 20 discs was taken as the thickness of the sample.

[0120] (4) Leaf weight (g·cm -2 ): According to the formula: leaf weight (g·cm -2 ) = average disc weight / disc area.

[0121] (5) Moisture content (%): 20 small discs were placed in an oven for drying at 85°C for 6 to 8 hours. When the sample reached a constant weight, it was weighed again. The moisture content of tobacco leaves was calculated according to the following formula: Moisture content of tobacco leaves (%) = (weight of 20 discs - dry weight of 20 discs after drying) ÷ weight of 20 discs × 100%.

[0122] 3.1 Agronomic traits

[0123] The agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco at the dome stage after treatment with compound soil conditioners were statistically analyzed (as shown in Table 3), where the average value of more than ten plants was taken for each index.

[0124] Table 3

[0125]

[0126] As shown in Table 3, under the conditions of applying different compound soil conditioners, the agronomic traits of tobacco plants in the field period will be different. The biological leaf number, maximum leaf length, and maximum leaf width of the Example 1 group are all greater than those of the control group, while the plant height, effective leaf number, stem girth, internode distance, inverted third leaf length, and inverted third leaf width are less than those of the control group. It can be seen that the additional application of compound soil conditioners can increase the leaf length and width of the middle leaves to a certain extent, which is beneficial to leaf surface light accumulation and increase dry matter mass.

[0127] 3.2 Physical indicators

[0128] The physical indicators of flue-cured tobacco after treatment with compound soil conditioners were statistically analyzed (see Table 4).

[0129] Table 4

[0130]

[0131] As shown in Table 4, for the lower leaves, the leaf length, leaf width, single leaf weight, leaf mass weight, and thickness of the Example 1 group were greater than the control, and the water content was lower than the control. For the middle leaves, the leaf length, leaf width, single leaf weight, thickness, and water content of the Example 1 group were greater than the control, and the leaf mass weight was lower than the control. For the upper leaves, the thickness and water content of the Example 1 group were greater than the control, and the leaf length, leaf width, single leaf weight, and leaf mass weight were all less than the control.

[0132] 3.3 General chemical composition

[0133] The conventional chemical components of flue-cured tobacco at the dome stage after treatment with compound soil conditioners were statistically analyzed (as shown in Table 5).

[0134] Table 5

[0135]

[0136] As shown in Table 5, as far as the lower leaves are concerned, the total sugar, starch, potassium content, and water-soluble chlorine content of Example 1 group are higher than the control, and the total nitrogen, nicotine, and reducing sugar content are lower than the control. As far as the middle leaves are concerned, the starch, potassium content, and total nitrogen content of Example 1 group are higher than the control, and the total sugar, reducing sugar, and nicotine content are lower than the control, while the water-soluble chlorine content is no different from the control. As far as the upper leaves are concerned, the total sugar, reducing sugar, starch, total nitrogen, and nicotine content of Example 1 group are all higher than the control, and the potassium content and water-soluble chlorine content are lower than the control. Among them, the starch content of each leaf position is higher than the control, the total sugar content of the lower leaves and the middle leaves is higher than the control, the nicotine content of the lower leaves and the middle leaves is reduced, and the chemical components are coordinated and balanced.

[0137] 3.4 Economic traits

[0138] The economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco at the dome stage after treatment with compound soil conditioners were statistically analyzed (as shown in Table 6).

[0139] Table 6

[0140] deal with <![CDATA[Yield / kg / 666.67m 2 > Output value per mu / yuan Average price / yuan / kg Ratio of high-quality cigarettes / % Upper and middle smoke ratio / % Example 1 182.66 6553.84 35.88 65.78 91.19 Control group 169.24 6163.72 36.42 64.16 91.92

[0141] As shown in Table 6, except for the average price and the proportion of upper and middle tobacco in Example 1, which were slightly lower than those in the control, the other economic traits were higher than those in the control. The yield of Example 1 reached 182.66 kg / 666.67 m 2 , an increase of 13.42kg / 666.67m compared with the control group 2 The per mu output value was as high as 6553.84 yuan, an increase of 390.12 yuan compared with the control, and the proportion of high-quality tobacco increased by 1.62%. In summary, the application of compound soil conditioner can increase the proportion of high-quality tobacco, yield and output value, significantly improve economic traits, and increase income for tobacco farmers.

[0142] In summary, the application of compound soil conditioners can not only effectively reduce the stem content of each leaf position of flue-cured tobacco, thereby improving the utilization value of tobacco leaves, but also improve the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco and increase economic benefits, which has great promotion value. In addition, the materials of the conditioner itself are beneficial to the soil itself and will not cause damage to the soil environment. The materials are all common crop fertilizers, and the auxiliary materials also have a promoting effect on the soil environment. The preparation method is simple and the application method is convenient.

[0143] The applicant declares that the present invention uses the above-mentioned embodiments to illustrate the compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves and its preparation method and application, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

[0144] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0145] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

Claims

1. A composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves, characterized in that: The components of the compound soil conditioner include silicon calcium magnesium potassium, potassium humate, gypsum and bentonite.

2. The composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the composite soil conditioner include 90-110 parts of calcium magnesium potassium silicate, 90-110 parts of potassium humate, 5-20 parts of gypsum and 1-20 parts of bentonite by weight; Preferably, the components of the composite soil conditioner include 95-110 parts of calcium magnesium potassium silicate, 90-105 parts of potassium humate, 8-18 parts of gypsum and 5-20 parts of bentonite in parts by weight; Preferably, the components of the composite soil conditioner include 95-105 parts of calcium magnesium potassium silicate, 95-105 parts of potassium humate, 10-15 parts of gypsum and 10-20 parts of bentonite in parts by weight.

3. The composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The components of the compound soil conditioner also include any one of wood ash, dolomite powder or perlite, or a combination of at least two of them.

4. The composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves according to claim 3, characterized in that: The components of the composite soil conditioner also include plant ash, dolomite powder and perlite; Preferably, the components of the composite soil conditioner further include 15-25 parts of wood ash, 5-10 parts of dolomite powder and 5-10 parts of perlite, by weight.

5. A method for preparing a composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing, crushing and granulating potassium calcium magnesium silicate, potassium fulvic acid, gypsum and bentonite to obtain the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: (1) Silicon calcium magnesium potassium, potassium humate and gypsum are mixed and crushed, and then sieved to obtain a crushed product; The bentonite is crushed and sieved, and then mixed with plant ash, dolomite powder and perlite to obtain auxiliary materials; (2) The pulverized product and auxiliary materials are mixed, water is added after being uniformly mixed, and then granulated by a granulator to obtain the composite soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pulverized product in step (1) is sieved through a 55-70 mesh sieve; Preferably, the bentonite in step (1) is sieved through a 30-50 mesh sieve after being crushed; Preferably, the particle size after granulation in step (2) is 2-5 mm; Preferably, the granulation in step (2) is followed by a drying process.

8. Use of the compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 in tobacco planting.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that When planting tobacco, the compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is spread on the soil surface together with the base fertilizer, and the tobacco is planted in ridges after rotary tillage.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that The dosage of the compound soil conditioner for reducing the stem content of tobacco leaves is 150-300kg / mu.

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