Environment-friendly water-based cutting fluid and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an environment-friendly water-based cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of cutting fluids. The environment-friendly water-based cutting fluid disclosed by the invention is processed by using an extreme pressure anti-wear agent, an anti-rust agent, inorganic salt, a composite surfactant, a de-foaming agent and water as raw materials. By adding the inorganic salt and the composite surfactant, the lubricity and stability of the water-based cutting fluid are improved. The water-based cutting fluid prepared by the invention not only has the excellent characteristics of cooling property and cleaning property, but also has the lubricity of an oily cutting fluid, and has a relatively high application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cutting fluids, and in particular to an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the metal cutting process, there is a large friction between the tool and the workpiece, and between the tool and the cutting interface, which significantly increases the cutting force and cutting heat, causing severe wear of the tool and also increasing the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0003] Cutting fluid (coolant) is an industrial liquid used to cool and lubricate tools and workpieces during metal cutting and grinding. The use of cutting fluid can improve the interface friction during the cutting process, reduce the adhesion between the tool and the cutting, inhibit the growth of built-up edge and phosphorus thorns, reduce the cutting temperature, reduce the thermal deformation of the workpiece, ensure the processing accuracy, reduce the cutting force, and increase the tool life. Therefore, cutting fluid has the functions of lubrication, cooling, cleaning and rust prevention.

[0004] At present, cutting fluids are divided into oily cutting fluids and water-based cutting fluids. Oily cutting fluids have excellent lubricity, rust resistance and chemical stability, but lack cooling and cleaning properties. Water-based cutting fluids are water-based substances with excellent cooling and cleaning properties, but lack lubricity and stability. Therefore, the development of highly lubricating and stable water-soluble cutting fluids is currently a hot topic. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid and a preparation method thereof. The environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid developed by the present invention has lubricity and stability comparable to that of oily cutting fluid, and also has the cooling and cleaning properties of water-soluble cutting fluid.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0008] Extreme pressure anti-wear agent 5%~10%

[0009] Rust inhibitor 10%~30%

[0010] Inorganic salt 1%~3%

[0011] Composite surfactant 5%~10%

[0012] Defoamer 0.1%~0.5%

[0013] The rest is water;

[0014] The composite surfactant is prepared by mixing petroleum sodium sulfonate and quaternary ammonium salt surfactant in a mass ratio of 1:3-5.

[0015] Preferably, the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.

[0016] Preferably, the rust inhibitor is prepared by mixing hexadecenylsuccinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate.

[0017] More preferably, the mass ratio of hexadecenylsuccinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate is 3-5:1:2-4.

[0018] Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salt surfactant is at least one of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine or benzalkonium bromide.

[0019] Preferably, the inorganic salt is a chloride salt or a sulfate salt.

[0020] More preferably, the chloride salt is at least one of potassium chloride, sodium chloride and magnesium chloride.

[0021] More preferably, the sulfate is sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate or potassium sulfate.

[0022] Preferably, the defoamer is a siloxane defoamer. Preferably, the siloxane defoamer is at least one of BYK024, BYK066N, BYKA530 and BYKA555.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. Weigh extreme pressure anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, inorganic salt, composite surfactant, defoamer and water in proportion and set aside;

[0025] S2, mixing and dissolving the weighed inorganic salt and water to obtain an inorganic salt aqueous solution for standby use;

[0026] S3. After mixing the weighed extreme pressure anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, composite surfactant and defoamer evenly, pour into the inorganic salt aqueous solution described in step S2, and after ultrasonic dispersion evenly, obtain an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The raw materials of the aqueous cutting fluid of the present invention are widely available, the cost is low, and it has a high market application prospect;

[0029] (2) The water-based cutting fluid of the present invention is prepared by adjusting the types and proportions of extreme pressure anti-wear agents, rust inhibitors, inorganic salts, composite surfactants, and defoaming agents so that the cutting fluid has higher lubricity and stability, thereby overcoming the technical disadvantages of water-based cutting fluids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the maximum non-seizure load test data of the cutting fluids of Comparative Examples 1-5;

[0031] Figure 2 This is the wear spot diameter detection data diagram of the cutting fluid of comparative examples 1-5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] The zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate used in the present invention is purchased from Jinzhou Jiaduorun Material Technology Co., Ltd. and its model is T202.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0037] S1. Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages and set aside:

[0038] Extreme pressure anti-wear agent (zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate) 8%

[0039] Rust inhibitor 16%

[0040] Inorganic salt (sodium chloride) 2.5%

[0041] Complex surfactant 7.5%

[0042] Defoamer (BYK024) 0.3%

[0043] The rest is water;

[0044] The composite surfactant is a mixture of sodium petroleum sulfonate and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:4. The rust inhibitor is a mixture of hexadecene succinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate in a mass ratio of 3:1:2.

[0045] S2, mixing and dissolving the weighed inorganic salt and water to obtain an inorganic salt aqueous solution for standby use;

[0046] S3. After mixing the weighed extreme pressure anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, composite surfactant and defoamer evenly, pour into the inorganic salt aqueous solution described in step S2, and after ultrasonic dispersion evenly, obtain an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0049] S1. Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages and set aside:

[0050] Extreme pressure anti-wear agent (zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate) 8%

[0051] Rust inhibitor 16%

[0052] Inorganic salt (sodium chloride) 2.5%

[0053] Complex surfactant 7.5%

[0054] Defoamer (BYK024) 0.3%

[0055] The rest is water;

[0056] The composite surfactant is a mixture of sodium petroleum sulfonate and N,N-dimethyldodecylamine in a mass ratio of 1:3. The rust inhibitor is a mixture of hexadecene succinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate in a mass ratio of 5:1:3.

[0057] S2, mixing and dissolving the weighed inorganic salt and water to obtain an inorganic salt aqueous solution for standby use;

[0058] S3. After mixing the weighed extreme pressure anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, composite surfactant and defoamer evenly, pour into the inorganic salt aqueous solution described in step S2, and after ultrasonic dispersion evenly, obtain an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0061] Extreme pressure anti-wear agent (zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate) 8%

[0062] Rust inhibitor 16%

[0063] Inorganic salt (sodium chloride) 2.5%

[0064] Complex surfactant 7.5%

[0065] Defoamer (BYK024) 0.3%

[0066] The rest is water;

[0067] The composite surfactant is prepared by mixing sodium petroleum sulfonate and benzalkonium bromide in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0068] The rust inhibitor is prepared by mixing hexadecene succinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate in a mass ratio of 4:1:3.

[0069] S2, mixing and dissolving the weighed inorganic salt and water to obtain an inorganic salt aqueous solution for standby use;

[0070] S3. After mixing the weighed extreme pressure anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, composite surfactant and defoamer evenly, pour into the inorganic salt aqueous solution described in step S2, and after ultrasonic dispersion evenly, obtain an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid.

[0071] Embodiments 4 to 8

[0072] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid is described in Table 1, referring to the method for preparing Example 1, except that the inorganic salt used is potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate or potassium sulfate, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0073] Example Inorganic salt Mass percentage of inorganic salt Example 1 Sodium chloride 2.5％ Example 4 Potassium chloride 1.0％ Example 5 Magnesium chloride 2.0％ Example 6 Sodium sulfate 3.0％ Example 7 Magnesium sulfate 2.8％ Example 8 Potassium sulfate 1.5％

[0074] Examples 9-11

[0075] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid is described in Table 2, referring to the method for preparing an environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid. The difference lies in the type and amount of the defoaming agent used, and the other parameters remain unchanged.

[0076] Table 2

[0077] Example Defoaming agent Mass percentage of defoamer Example 1 BYK024 0.3％ Example 9 BYK066N 0.1％ Example 10 BYKA530 0.4％ Embodiment 11 BYKA555 0.5％

[0078] The cutting fluids of Examples 1-11 were tested according to the GB / T3142 method, and the test indicators were the maximum non-seizure load and the wear spot diameter, as shown in Table 3.

[0079] Table 3

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0084] S1. Weigh the raw materials according to the following mass percentages and set aside:

[0085] Extreme pressure anti-wear agent (zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate) 8%

[0086] Rust inhibitor 16%

[0087] Complex surfactant 7.5%

[0088] Defoamer (BYK024) 0.3%

[0089] The rest is water;

[0090] The composite surfactant is a mixture of sodium petroleum sulfonate and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:4. The rust inhibitor is a mixture of hexadecene succinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate in a mass ratio of 3:1:2.

[0091] S2. Evenly mix the weighed extreme pressure anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, composite surfactant and defoaming agent, pour in water, and evenly disperse them by ultrasonication to obtain an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid.

[0092] After testing, the maximum non-seizure load of the cutting fluid in comparative example 1 is 866P B / N, the wear spot diameter is 0.445mm.

[0093] Comparative Examples 2-5

[0094] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid, referring to Comparative Example 1, except that the composition of the composite surfactant is adjusted. As shown in Table 4.

[0095] Table 4

[0096] Complex surfactant Comparative Example 1 A mixture of sodium petroleum sulfonate and octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:4 Comparative Example 2 Sodium petroleum sulfonate Comparative Example 3 Octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride Comparative Example 4 Mixture of sodium petroleum sulfonate and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:1 Comparative Example 5 Mixed sodium petroleum sulfonate and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in a mass ratio of 1:8

[0097] The maximum non-seizure load and wear spot diameter of the cutting fluids of Comparative Examples 2-5 were tested. Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0098] Comparative Examples 6-9

[0099] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid is described with reference to Example 1, except that the composition of the rust inhibitor is adjusted, as shown in Table 5.

[0100] Table 5

[0101] Complex surfactant Example 1 Hexadecene succinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate in a mass ratio of 3:1:2 Comparative Example 6 Hexadecene succinic acid Comparative Example 7 Benzotriazole Comparative Example 8 Sodium Gluconate Comparative Example 9 Hexadecene succinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate in a mass ratio of 1:1:1

[0102] The anti-rust performance of the cutting fluids of comparative examples 7-9 was tested with reference to patent CN110129121A. After testing, the anti-rust grade of the cutting fluid of Example 1 was A-grade, and the anti-rust grade of the cutting fluids of comparative examples 6-9 was B-grade.

[0103] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid, characterized in that: The following raw materials are included in the following mass percentages: Extreme pressure anti-wear agent 5%~10% Rust inhibitor 10%~30% Inorganic salt 1%~3% Composite surfactant 5%~10% Defoamer 0.1%~0.5% The rest is water; The composite surfactant is prepared by mixing petroleum sodium sulfonate and quaternary ammonium salt surfactant in a mass ratio of 1:3-5.

2. The environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extreme pressure anti-wear agent is zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.

3. The environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rust preventive is prepared by mixing hexadecenylsuccinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate.

4. The environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the hexadecenylsuccinic acid, benzotriazole and sodium gluconate is 3-5:1:2-4.

5. The environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quaternary ammonium salt surfactant is at least one of octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine or benzalkonium bromide.

6. The environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic salt is chloride or sulfate.

7. The environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chloride salt is at least one of potassium chloride, sodium chloride and magnesium chloride.

8. The environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sulfate is sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate or potassium sulfate.

9. The environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The defoamer is a silicone defoamer.

10. The method for preparing the environmentally friendly aqueous cutting fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Weigh extreme pressure anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, inorganic salt, composite surfactant, defoamer and water in proportion and set aside; S2, mixing and dissolving the weighed inorganic salt and water to obtain an inorganic salt aqueous solution for standby use; S3. After mixing the weighed extreme pressure anti-wear agent, rust inhibitor, composite surfactant and defoamer evenly, pour into the inorganic salt aqueous solution described in step S2, and after ultrasonic dispersion evenly, obtain an environmentally friendly water-based cutting fluid.

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