Slurry shield tunneling simulation system and method for analyzing blockage condition of cutterhead of slurry shield tunneling simulation system

Abstract

The invention provides a slurry shield tunneling simulation system and an analysis method for the blockage condition of a cutter head thereof, and relates to the field of slurry shield simulation, and the scheme is that the slurry shield tunneling simulation system comprises a rack on which a driving assembly is arranged, and further comprises a shield simulation assembly used for simulating the slurry shield process; the simulation box is divided into an observation cavity and a containing cavity, the simulation box is made of a transparent material, and the containing cavity is used for containing transparent clay containing first fluorescent particles; the observation unit comprises an image acquisition module and an image analysis module, and the image acquisition module is arranged in the observation cavity and can capture an image in the accommodating cavity; the light source assembly comprises a movable base, and a first light source and a second light source are arranged on the movable base. According to the invention, the migration condition of substances in the slurry shield cutting space can be directly observed, the slurry slag carrying and discharging rule and mechanism can be accurately obtained, and an accurate guidance direction is provided for optimizing shield tunneling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of slurry shield simulation, in particular to a slurry shield tunneling simulation system and a method for analyzing the blockage of a cutter head thereof. Background Art

[0002] The shield method is widely used in tunnel excavation, especially in urban subway construction, because of its advantages of high operating efficiency, low construction noise, applicability to a variety of external weather environments, and little impact on surrounding buildings, structures, and road pipelines. With the increase of shield excavation diameter and the increase of single excavation distance, it is inevitable to encounter strata with high content of sticky minerals during shield excavation. The cutterhead is very easy to adhere to the cutterhead, resulting in cutterhead blockage. Not only does it affect the construction progress and quality, but the risk of opening the cabin is also high, and it may even cause personal injury or engineering accidents. Therefore, it is extremely important to study the cutterhead blockage phenomenon and its mechanism during slurry shield construction.

[0003] The key to preventing the cutterhead from being blocked is that the cutterhead debris can be smoothly discharged from the cutting space of the shield excavation face. The relevant technical research mainly focuses on the analysis of the properties of the stratum soil and the prediction of its risk of adhesion to the cutterhead, specific engineering cases and the summary of related measures (such as controlling mud indicators and optimizing tool configuration, transforming the mud and water flushing system, etc.) to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling the formation of mud cakes on the cutterhead of the slurry shield. In order to further study and analyze the laws and mechanisms of mud carrying and slag discharge, since the interaction between the "cutterhead-soil debris-mud" in the shield cutting space is relatively hidden, it is impossible to directly observe the material migration in the slurry shield cutting space. Most researchers use numerical analysis to study the migration laws of soil debris and mud.

[0004] However, numerical simulation phenomena are difficult to verify in practice, and the characteristics of soil chips, the adhesion between soil chips and cutterhead tools, and the characteristics of mud slag carrying cannot be fully restored to reality, so it is impossible to accurately obtain the laws and mechanisms of mud slag carrying. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem that the above-mentioned prior art cannot directly observe the material migration inside the cutting space of a slurry shield, the present invention provides a slurry shield tunneling simulation system and an analysis method of its cutterhead blockage situation, which can directly observe the material migration inside the cutting space of a slurry shield, accurately obtain the mud carrying and slag discharge rules and mechanisms, and provide accurate guidance for optimizing shield tunneling.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a slurry shield tunneling simulation system to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, comprising a stand, on which a driving assembly is arranged, and further comprising: a shield simulation assembly, the shield simulation assembly is used to simulate the slurry shield process, the shield simulation assembly comprises a cutterhead and a simulation cabin, the cutterhead is connected to the driving assembly, the shield simulation assembly further comprises a grouting assembly, the grouting assembly is connected to the simulation cabin, the grouting assembly comprises a slurry storage tank, the slurry storage tank is used to store transparent slurry containing fluorescent particles two; a simulation box, the simulation box is divided into an observation chamber and a containing chamber, the simulation box is made of transparent material, the containing chamber is used to contain transparent clay containing fluorescent particles one; a covering pressure simulation assembly, the covering pressure simulation assembly is arranged on the upper part of the containing chamber, the covering pressure simulation assembly is arranged on the upper part of the containing chamber, The pressure simulation component is used to apply a set pressure to the transparent clay; the observation unit, the observation unit includes an image acquisition module and an image analysis module, the image acquisition module is arranged in the observation cavity, the image acquisition module is used to capture the image in the accommodating cavity, and the image analysis module is used to determine the movement speed, movement trajectory and number of fluorescent particles one and two adhering to the cutter disc; the light source component, the light source component includes a moving seat, the moving seat is provided with light source one and light source two, the moving seat is movably arranged outside the simulation box and opposite to the accommodating cavity, the moving direction of the moving seat is parallel to the excavation direction of the shield simulation component, the light source one is used for the image acquisition module to capture the image of fluorescent particle one, and the light source two is used for the image acquisition module to capture the image of fluorescent particle two.

[0007] The present invention can capture the movement trajectory and movement speed of fluorescent particles 1 in transparent clay and fluorescent particles 2 in transparent mud by using the cooperation of the observation unit and the light source assembly, and then intuitively reflect the soil debris characteristics inside the cutting space of the slurry shield, the adhesion between the soil debris and the cutterhead, and the mud slag characteristics of the shield simulation assembly under different working parameters, which is convenient for researchers to accurately grasp the mud slag carrying and discharge rules and mechanisms, and provide accurate guidance for optimizing shield excavation.

[0008] Furthermore, a partition is provided in the simulation cabin, a cavity is provided between the partition and the cutter disc, a slurry inlet pipe and a slurry discharge pipe are provided on the partition, the slurry inlet pipe is connected to the grouting assembly, the slurry discharge pipe is connected to the recovery bucket, and a flow rate sensor is provided on the slurry discharge pipe.

[0009] The present invention can obtain the slurry discharge speed by arranging a flow rate sensor, thereby determining whether the shield simulation component has started to stably excavate, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0010] Furthermore, the grouting assembly also includes a connected air pump, one end of the air pump is connected to the slurry storage tank, and the other end of the air pump is connected to the slurry inlet pipe through a pressure-stabilizing valve.

[0011] The present invention ensures that the transparent mud can enter the simulation cabin at a stable set flow rate by arranging a pressure-stabilizing valve, thereby further improving the accuracy of the simulation test.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutter disc is rotatably disposed at the front of the simulation cabin, the cutter disc is connected to the driving assembly, a support plate is disposed between the simulation cabin and the stand, and a pushing cylinder is disposed between the simulation cabin and the support plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a servo motor, and the output shaft of the servo motor is provided with a torque sensor and is connected to the cutter disc via a telescopic rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a tangential adhesion testing device is provided on the end surface of the cutter disc.

[0015] The present invention can more accurately know the adhesion force generated by the cutter disc under set working parameters by setting the tangential adhesion test device, thereby further improving the accuracy of guiding the working parameters.

[0016] Furthermore, the soil covering pressure simulation component includes a pressure cylinder, and the pressure cylinder is connected to a pressure plate.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the driving component, grouting component, cover pressure simulation component, observation unit, light source component and the tangential adhesion test device, and the control unit is also electrically connected to a display and an input module.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for analyzing the blockage of a cutterhead in a slurry shield tunneling simulation system, using the above-mentioned slurry shield tunneling simulation system, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S01: Prepare transparent clay and transparent mud, wherein the transparent clay is mixed with fluorescent particles 1 of a set density, and the transparent mud is mixed with fluorescent particles 2 of the same density;

[0020] S02: storing the prepared transparent mud in a mud storage tank, filling the prepared transparent clay into the containing cavity, and applying a set pressure to the containing cavity for a set consolidation time;

[0021] S03: Turn on the drive assembly and the thrust cylinder, and the shield simulation assembly simulates the excavation process according to the set working parameters;

[0022] S04: Turn on the light source assembly, and the moving seat reciprocates according to the set speed and starting position, the starting point is the end surface position of the cutter disc, and the end point is the end of the cutter on the cutter disc, and the image acquisition module captures the image in the accommodating cavity;

[0023] S05: The image analysis module obtains the movement trajectory and movement speed of the fluorescent particle 1 and the fluorescent particle 2;

[0024] S06: Calculate the mass of the transparent clay adhering to the cutter disc, weigh the mass of the slag in the mixture of mud and slag in the recovery bucket, and calculate the mass of the transparent clay theoretically excavated.

[0025] The present invention arranges different fluorescent particles in transparent clay and transparent mud, and analyzes the movement trajectory and movement speed of the fluorescent particles to intuitively and qualitatively obtain the soil debris characteristics inside the cutting space of the slurry shield, the adhesion between the soil debris and the cutterhead, and the mud slag carrying characteristics, so that researchers can accurately grasp the mud slag carrying and discharge rules and mechanisms. At the same time, by calculating the weight of the transparent clay adhered to the cutterhead and the recovered slag, the cutterhead blockage condition of the simulation system under the working parameters set by the shield simulation component can be quantitatively known.

[0026] Further, the S01 comprises the following steps:

[0027] S011: Test the in-situ shear strength of clay soil, the maximum adhesion between clay soil and metal, and determine the refractive index of the simulation box;

[0028] S012: Select the response surface Box-Behnken test to determine the components and proportions of multiple groups of transparent clay and transparent mud, conduct experiments, collect the soil shear strength, maximum adhesion to metal and refractive index of transparent clay under different factor levels, collect the refractive index and flow characteristics of transparent mud under different factor levels, establish a mathematical model, and use polynomial functions to approximate implicit limit state functions;

[0029] S013: Determine the optimal components and proportions of transparent clay and transparent mud by optimizing and predicting the established mathematical model.

[0030] The present invention establishes a mathematical model through experiments, and can efficiently and accurately determine the composition and proportion of transparent mud and transparent clay, ensure that the shear strength of in-situ clay, the maximum adhesion of clay and metal, and the refractive index of the simulation box are the same as or close to those of the in-situ clay, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation test.

[0031] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] The present invention provides a slurry shield tunneling simulation system and a method for analyzing the blockage of its cutterhead. By using the cooperation of an observation unit and a light source component, the movement trajectory and movement speed of fluorescent particles one in transparent clay and fluorescent particles two in transparent mud can be captured, thereby intuitively reflecting the soil debris characteristics inside the cutting space of the slurry shield under different working parameters of the shield simulation component, the adhesion between the soil debris and the cutterhead, and the mud slag carrying characteristics, so that researchers can accurately grasp the mud slag carrying and discharge law and mechanism, and provide accurate guidance for optimizing shield tunneling; by setting a flow rate sensor, the slurry discharge speed can be obtained, so as to determine that the shield simulation component has started to tunnel stably, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test; by setting a pressure regulating valve, it is ensured that the transparent mud can enter the simulation cabin at a stable set flow rate, thereby further improving the accuracy of the simulation test; by setting a tangential adhesion force measurement The test device can more accurately determine the adhesion force generated by the cutterhead under the set working parameters, further improving the accuracy of the guiding working parameters; by setting different fluorescent particles in the transparent clay and transparent mud, and analyzing the movement trajectory and movement speed of the fluorescent particles, the soil debris characteristics inside the cutting space of the slurry shield, the adhesion between the soil debris and the cutterhead, and the mud slag characteristics can be intuitively and qualitatively obtained, which is convenient for researchers to accurately grasp the mud slag carrying and discharge rules and mechanisms, and at the same time, by calculating the weight of the transparent clay adhered to the cutterhead and the recycled slag, the cutterhead blockage of this simulation system can be quantitatively determined; through the experimental establishment of a mathematical model, the composition and ratio of the transparent mud and transparent clay can be determined efficiently and accurately, ensuring that the shear strength of the in-situ clay, the maximum adhesion between the clay and the metal, and the refractive index of the simulation box are the same or close, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation mode 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shield simulation component in the first specific implementation mode of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the simulation box, image acquisition module and observation component in the first specific implementation mode of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure, 1. simulation box; 101. containing cavity; 102. observation cavity; 2. image acquisition module; 201. high-speed camera; 3. light source assembly; 301. moving seat; 302. track; 4. shield simulation assembly; 401. cutterhead; 402. simulation cabin; 403. slurry inlet pipe; 404. slurry discharge pipe; 405. thrust cylinder; 5. recovery barrel; 6. stand; 7. drive assembly; 8. slurry storage tank; 9. air pump; 10. support plate; 11. covering soil pressure simulation assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this specific embodiment. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent. Specific implementation method 1

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this specific embodiment provides a slurry shield tunneling simulation system, including a stand 6, on which a driving component 7 is arranged, and also includes a shield simulation component 4, a simulation box 1, a cover pressure simulation component 11, an observation unit and a light source component 3. The shield simulation component 4 is used to simulate the mud shield process. The shield simulation component 4 includes a cutter head 401 and a simulation cabin 402. The cutter head 401 is connected to the drive component 7. The shield simulation component 4 also includes a grouting component. The grouting component is connected to the simulation cabin 402. The simulation cabin 402 can extend into the accommodating cavity 101. The grouting component includes a slurry storage tank 8. The slurry storage tank 8 is used to store transparent mud containing fluorescent particles 2; the simulation box 1 is divided into an observation chamber 102 and a accommodating chamber 101. The simulation box 1 is made of transparent material. The accommodating chamber 101 is used to accommodate transparent clay containing fluorescent particles 1; the covering pressure simulation component 11 is arranged on the upper part of the accommodating chamber 101, and the covering pressure simulation component 11 is used to apply a set pressure to the transparent clay; the observation unit includes an image acquisition module 2 and an image analysis module. The image acquisition module 2 is arranged in the observation cavity 102, the image acquisition module 2 is used to capture the image in the accommodating cavity 101, the image acquisition module 2 adopts a high-speed camera 201, the image analysis module is used to determine the movement speed, movement trajectory and number of fluorescent particles 1 and 2 adhering to the cutter head 401. In this specific embodiment, the image analysis module is equipped with MicroVec software; the light source assembly 3 includes a moving seat 301, and the moving seat 301 is provided with a light source 1 and a light source 2. The moving seat 301 is movably arranged outside the simulation box 1 and opposite to the accommodating cavity 101. The moving direction of the moving seat 301 is parallel to the excavation direction of the shield simulation assembly 4. The light source 1 is used by the image acquisition module 2 to capture the image of the fluorescent particle 1, and the light source 2 is used by the image acquisition module 2 to capture the image of the fluorescent particle 2.

[0041] This specific implementation method can capture the transfer of fluorescent particles 1 and 2 in three dimensions by using the cooperation of the observation unit and the light source component 3, obtain the movement trajectory and movement speed of the fluorescent particles 1 and 2 that change with time, and then intuitively reflect the soil debris characteristics inside the mud shield cutting space, the adhesion between the soil debris and the cutter disc 401, and the mud slag characteristics of the shield simulation component 4 under different working parameters, so that researchers can accurately grasp the mud slag carrying and discharge rules and mechanisms, and at the same time, the number of fluorescent particles 1 adhered to the cutter disc 401 can be obtained, so as to derive and calculate the mass of the transparent clay adhered to the cutter disc 401. It can be seen that this simulation device obtains the mud slag carrying and discharge rules and mechanisms, and adhesion effects from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives, providing accurate guidance for optimizing shield tunneling.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in this specific embodiment, the shield simulation component 4 also includes the following technical features: the cutter disc 401 is rotatably arranged at the front of the simulation cabin 402 through a bearing, the cutter disc 401 is connected to the drive component 7, the drive component 7 includes a servo motor, the output shaft of the servo motor is provided with a torque sensor and is connected to the cutter disc 401 through a telescopic rod, a support plate 10 is arranged between the simulation cabin 402 and the stand 6, a pushing cylinder 405 is arranged between the simulation cabin 402 and the support plate 10, and the telescopic rod passes through the support plate 10; a detachable cutting knife, a rolling cutter, and a center cutter are arranged on the end face of the cutter disc 401. In order to obtain the adhesion force more accurately, a tangential adhesion test device is also arranged on the end face of the cutter disc 401; when the shield simulation component 4 is excavating, the servo motor drives the cutter disc 401 to rotate at a set speed and torque, and at the same time the thrust cylinder pushes the simulation cabin 402 forward.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, in this specific embodiment, in order to facilitate uniform grouting, a partition is provided in the simulation cabin, a cavity is provided between the partition and the cutter head 401, a slurry inlet pipe 403 and a slurry discharge pipe 404 are provided on the partition, the slurry inlet pipe 403 is connected to the grouting assembly, in order to recycle the excavated mud and slag mixture, the slurry discharge pipe 404 is connected to the recovery bucket 5, and a flow rate sensor is provided on the slurry discharge pipe 404. By providing the flow rate sensor, the slurry discharge speed can be known, thereby determining that the shield simulation assembly 4 has started to stably excavate, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to ensure that the transparent mud can enter the simulation chamber 402 at a stable flow rate, in this specific embodiment, the grouting assembly also includes a connected air pump 9, one end of the air pump 9 is connected to the slurry storage tank 8, and the other end of the air pump 9 is connected to the slurry inlet pipe 403 through a pressure-stabilizing valve.

[0045] In this specific embodiment, the soil pressure simulation component 11 includes a pressure cylinder, a piston rod of the pressure cylinder is connected to a pressure plate, and the cylinder body of the pressure cylinder can be installed on the roof of the test room or on a dedicated support frame.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, in this specific embodiment, a track 302 is provided on one side of the simulation box 1, a rack is provided parallel to the track 302, a moving seat 301 is movably provided on the track 302, a moving motor is provided on the moving seat 301, a gear is provided on the output shaft of the moving motor and the gear is meshed with the rack, and the moving seat 301 moves in a manner of moving forward and reciprocating at the same time, and the starting point of the movement is the end face of the cutter disc 401, and the end point is the end of the tool, and the starting point of each reciprocating movement is different and changes as the cutter disc 401 moves forward; the light source 1 and the light source 2 on the moving seat 301 are arranged in an upper and lower manner, which can ensure that they correspond to the same cross-section in the accommodating cavity 101.

[0047] In order to improve the automation level of the simulation test, in this specific embodiment, it also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the drive component 7, the grouting component, the cover pressure simulation component 11, the observation unit, the light source component 3 and the tangential adhesion test device. The control unit is also electrically connected to a display and an input module, and the input module uses a keyboard and a mouse; it can input the rotation speed of the cutter head 401, the moving speed of the simulation cabin 402, the mud conveying flow rate, the working pressure of the pressure cylinder, the moving speed of the moving seat 301, the tool condition, etc. Specific implementation method 2

[0049] This specific implementation provides a method for analyzing the blockage of the cutter head of a slurry shield tunneling simulation system, using the slurry shield tunneling simulation system of the specific implementation method 1, including the following steps:

[0050] S01: Prepare transparent clay and transparent mud;

[0051] S02: storing the prepared transparent mud in the mud storage tank 8, filling the prepared transparent clay into the containing chamber 101, and applying a set pressure to the containing chamber 101 for a set consolidation time;

[0052] S03: Turn on the drive assembly 7 and the thrust cylinder, and the shield simulation assembly 4 simulates the excavation process according to the set working parameters;

[0053] S04: Turn on the light source assembly 3, and the moving seat 301 reciprocates according to the set speed and the starting position, the starting point is the end surface position of the cutter disc 401, and the end point is the end of the cutter on the cutter disc 401, and the image acquisition module 2 captures the image in the accommodating cavity 101;

[0054] S05: The image analysis module obtains the movement trajectory and movement speed of the fluorescent particle 1 and the fluorescent particle 2;

[0055] S06: Calculate the mass of the transparent clay adhering to the cutter head 401, weigh the mass of the slag in the mixture of mud and slag in the recovery bucket 5, and calculate the mass of the transparent clay theoretically excavated.

[0056] This specific implementation method arranges different fluorescent particles in transparent clay and transparent mud, and analyzes the movement trajectory and movement speed of the fluorescent particles to intuitively and qualitatively obtain the soil debris characteristics inside the cutting space of the slurry shield, the adhesion between the soil debris and the cutterhead 401, and the mud slag characteristics, so that researchers can accurately grasp the mud slag carrying and discharge rules and mechanisms. At the same time, by calculating the weight of the transparent clay adhered to the cutterhead 401 and the recovered slag, the cutterhead blockage of the simulation system can be quantitatively known, providing accurate guidance for optimizing shield tunneling. If it is found that in the movement trajectory, the movement trajectory of fluorescent particle one is a circular motion with the cutterhead 401, and the movement speed is greatly different from that of fluorescent particle two, it means that the slag where the fluorescent particle one is located is adhered to the cutterhead 401. Excavation under this working parameter is prone to cause slag adhesion.

[0057] Wherein, S01 comprises the following steps:

[0058] S011: Test the in-situ shear strength of clay soil, the maximum adhesion between clay soil and metal, and determine the refractive index of simulation box 1;

[0059] S012: Select the response surface Box-Behnken test to determine the components and proportions of multiple groups of transparent clay and transparent mud, conduct experiments, collect the soil shear strength, maximum adhesion to metal and refractive index of transparent clay under different factor levels, collect the refractive index and flow characteristics of transparent mud under different factor levels, use the Kriging interpolation method to establish a mathematical model, and use polynomial functions to approximate the implicit limit state function;

[0060] S013: Determine the optimal components and proportions of transparent clay and transparent mud by optimizing and predicting the established mathematical model.

[0061] In S02, the transparent clay is filled in layers, and the filling height of each layer of the transparent clay in the accommodating cavity 101 is controlled at 2 cm to 3 cm until it is filled to a specified height; according to the actual tunnel burial depth h and the scale ratio N, a consolidation pressure ρgh / N is applied, where ρ is the actual stratum density, g is the gravitational acceleration, and the consolidation time is greater than 72 h.

[0062] In S04, after the flow rate sensor of the slurry discharge pipe 404 monitors that the flow rate of the discharged mixture is stable, turn on the mobile motor, light source 1, light source 2 and high-speed camera 201 to record the images of fluorescent particles 1 and 2 at corresponding times and positions, with a recording frequency of 5 Hz, until the end of the test.

[0063] In S05, the image analysis module generates the movement trajectories of the fluorescent particles 1 and 2 according to the acquired multiple images, and calculates the movement speeds of the fluorescent particles 1 and 2. The display shows the trajectories and movement speeds, and provides them to researchers for comparative analysis.

[0064] In S06, the image analysis module counts the number of fluorescent particles 1 adhered to the end surface of the cutter disc 401 when it moves to the end position (n), and calculates the mass of clay adhering to the cutter disc 401 (n×m) based on the added density (m), and the weight of the load-bearing slag after filtering out the mud in the recovery bucket 5 (M1). According to the excavation distance of the shield simulation component 4, the theoretical excavated transparent clay mass (M2) is calculated. If M1<M2, it indicates that part of the slag is adhered to the panel of the cutter disc 401, which can be used to compare and verify the adhesion status of the cutter disc 401 slag recorded by the high-speed camera 201 (theoretically n×m is equal to M2-M1).

[0065] According to the blockage of the cutterhead, the working parameters of the shield simulation component 4 can be adjusted, including the cutterhead 401 rotation speed, excavation speed, cutterhead 401 opening rate, and tool distribution. By comparing different working parameters and the mass of transparent clay adhering to the cutterhead 401, the optimal working parameters can be obtained, thereby achieving accurate guidance on the determination of actual working parameters.

[0066] This specific embodiment establishes a mathematical model through experiments, which can efficiently and accurately determine the composition and ratio of transparent mud and transparent clay, ensure that the shear strength of in-situ clay, the maximum adhesion between clay and metal, and the refractive index of simulation box 1 are the same or close to each other, and improve the accuracy of the simulation test; wherein, in this specific embodiment, the transparent clay uses fused quartz sand particles as the soil skeleton, a mixed mineral oil of n-dodecane and 15# white oil as the pore fluid, and nano-scale hydrophobic fumed silica powder as the binder, and the added fluorescent particles one appear blue under the action of light source one, and the transparent mud uses a transparent mixed solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) + pure water + glycerol to replace the bentonite mud in the actual project, and the added fluorescent particles two appear green under the action of light source two.

[0067] From the above specific implementations, it can be seen that the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0068] 1. By using the cooperation of the observation unit and the light source component 3, the transfer of the fluorescent particle 1 and the fluorescent particle 2 can be captured in three dimensions, and the moving trajectory and moving speed of the fluorescent particle 1 and the fluorescent particle 2 that change with time can be obtained, thereby intuitively reflecting the soil debris characteristics inside the slurry shield cutting space, the adhesion between the soil debris and the cutterhead 401, and the mud slag characteristics of the shield simulation component 4 under different working parameters, which is convenient for researchers to accurately grasp the mud slag carrying and discharge law and mechanism, and at the same time, the number of fluorescent particles 1 adhered to the cutterhead 401 can be obtained, which is convenient for deriving and calculating the mass of the transparent clay adhered to the cutterhead 401. It can be seen that this simulation device obtains the mud slag carrying and discharge law and mechanism, adhesion effect from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives, and provides accurate guidance for optimizing shield tunneling;

[0069] 2. By setting a pressure stabilizing valve, it is ensured that the transparent mud can enter the simulation chamber 402 at a stable set flow rate, thereby further improving the accuracy of the simulation test;

[0070] 3. By setting up a tangential adhesion test device, the adhesion force generated by the cutter head 401 under the set working parameters can be more accurately known, further improving the accuracy of the guiding working parameters;

[0071] 4. By establishing a mathematical model through experiments, the composition and ratio of transparent mud and transparent clay can be determined efficiently and accurately, ensuring that the shear strength of in-situ clay, the maximum adhesion between clay and metal, and the refractive index of simulation box 1 are the same or close to those of the in-situ clay, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation test.

[0072] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A slurry shield tunneling simulation system, comprising a frame (6), on which a driving assembly (7) is arranged, characterized in that: Also includes: A shield simulation component (4), the shield simulation component (4) is used to simulate a slurry shield process, the shield simulation component (4) comprises a cutterhead (401) and a simulation cabin (402), the cutterhead (401) is connected to the drive component (7), the shield simulation component (4) further comprises a grouting component, the grouting component is connected to the simulation cabin (402), the grouting component comprises a slurry storage tank (8), and the slurry storage tank (8) is used to store transparent slurry containing fluorescent particles 2; A simulation box (1), the simulation box (1) being divided into an observation chamber (102) and a receiving chamber (101), the simulation box (1) being made of a transparent material, and the receiving chamber (101) being used to receive transparent clay containing fluorescent particles; A soil covering pressure simulation component (11), the soil covering pressure simulation component (11) being arranged at the upper part of the accommodating cavity (101), the soil covering pressure simulation component (11) being used to apply a set pressure to the transparent clay; An observation unit, the observation unit comprising an image acquisition module (2) and an image analysis module, the image acquisition module (2) being arranged in the observation cavity (102), the image acquisition module (2) being used to capture the image in the containing cavity (101), and the image analysis module being used to determine the movement speed and movement trajectory of the first fluorescent particle and the second fluorescent particle, as well as the number of particles adhering to the blade disc (401); A light source assembly (3), the light source assembly (3) comprising a movable seat (301), a light source 1 and a light source 2 being arranged on the movable seat (301), the movable seat (301) being movably arranged outside the simulation box (1) and opposite to the accommodating cavity (101), the moving direction of the movable seat (301) being parallel to the excavation direction of the shield simulation assembly (4), the light source 1 being used by the image acquisition module (2) to capture an image of the fluorescent particle 1, and the light source 2 being used by the image acquisition module (2) to capture an image of the fluorescent particle 2.

2. The slurry shield tunneling simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition is provided in the simulation cabin (402), a cavity is provided between the partition and the cutter disc (401), a slurry inlet pipe (403) and a slurry discharge pipe (404) are provided on the partition, the slurry inlet pipe (403) is connected to the grouting assembly, the slurry discharge pipe (404) is connected to the recovery bucket (5), and a flow rate sensor is provided on the slurry discharge pipe (404).

3. The slurry shield tunneling simulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grouting assembly also includes a connected air pump (9), one end of which is connected to the slurry storage tank (8), and the other end of which is connected to the slurry inlet pipe (403) via a pressure-stabilizing valve.

4. The slurry shield tunneling simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc (401) is rotatably arranged at the front of the simulation cabin (402), the cutter disc (401) is connected to the driving assembly (7), a support plate (10) is arranged between the simulation cabin (402) and the platform (6), and a pushing cylinder is arranged between the simulation cabin (402) and the support plate (10).

5. The slurry shield tunneling simulation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly (7) comprises a servo motor, the output shaft of which is provided with a torque sensor and is connected to the cutter disc (401) via a telescopic rod.

6. The slurry shield tunneling simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tangential adhesion testing device is provided on the end surface of the cutter disc (401).

7. The slurry shield tunneling simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil cover pressure simulation component (11) comprises a pressure cylinder, and the pressure cylinder is connected to a pressure plate.

8. The slurry shield tunneling simulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises a control unit, the control unit being electrically connected to the drive assembly (7), the grouting assembly, the cover pressure simulation assembly (11), the observation unit, the light source assembly (3) and the tangential adhesion test device, and the control unit being also electrically connected to a display and an input module.

9. A method for analyzing the blockage of the cutterhead of a slurry shield tunneling simulation system, characterized in that: The slurry shield tunneling simulation system as claimed in claim 8 comprises the following steps: S01: Prepare transparent clay and transparent mud; S02: storing the prepared transparent mud in a mud storage tank, filling the prepared transparent clay into the containing cavity, and applying a set pressure to the containing cavity for a set consolidation time; S03: Turn on the drive assembly and the thrust cylinder, and the shield simulation assembly simulates the excavation process according to the set working parameters; S04: Turn on the light source assembly, and the moving seat reciprocates according to the set speed and starting position, the starting point is the end surface position of the cutter disc, and the end point is the end of the cutter on the cutter disc, and the image acquisition module captures the image in the accommodating cavity; S05: The image analysis module obtains the movement trajectory and movement speed of the fluorescent particle 1 and the fluorescent particle 2; S06: Calculate the mass of the transparent clay adhering to the cutter disc, weigh the mass of the slag in the mixture of mud and slag in the recovery bucket, and calculate the mass of the transparent clay theoretically excavated.

10. The method for analyzing the blockage of the cutter head of a slurry shield tunneling simulation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The S01 comprises the following steps: S011: Test the in-situ shear strength of clay soil, the maximum adhesion between clay soil and metal, and determine the refractive index of the simulation box; S012: Select the response surface Box-Behnken test to determine the components and proportions of multiple groups of transparent clay and transparent mud, conduct experiments, collect the soil shear strength, maximum adhesion to metal and refractive index of transparent clay under different factor levels, collect the refractive index and flow characteristics of transparent mud under different factor levels, establish a mathematical model, and use polynomial functions to approximate implicit limit state functions; S013: Determine the optimal components and proportions of transparent clay and transparent mud by optimizing and predicting the established mathematical model.

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