Energy storage type cold power station

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage type cold power station which is used for efficiently absorbing photovoltaic power and wind power or used for valley shifting and peak filling of an electric power system, and the energy storage type cold power station further has cold energy combined supply capacity and can further produce liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen or high-purity nitrogen as a byproduct, and the expected social and economic benefits are obvious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an energy storage type cold power station, and in particular to a cold power station using liquid air for energy storage (liquid air is referred to as liquid air, the same below). Background Art

[0003] Since photovoltaic and wind power generation are random and intermittent, and electricity has the characteristics of real-time balance of supply and demand and is difficult to store on a large scale, the large-scale grid-connected photovoltaic and wind power generation will aggravate the dual volatility and uncertainty on both the supply and demand sides of the power system, making system peak regulation difficult and bringing about a series of problems such as abandoned solar and wind power. Energy storage can smooth out the instability of photovoltaic and wind power generation and achieve a dynamic balance of electricity supply and demand.

[0004] In the summer, electricity demand is strong, and the peak-valley electricity price difference continues to expand. In 17 provinces and regions, the peak-valley electricity price difference exceeds 0.7 yuan / kWh, and the economic benefits of industrial and commercial energy storage projects are highlighted. In July 2024, with the arrival of summer, the peak-valley electricity price difference in various regions across the country has widened. A total of 17 regions have a peak-valley electricity price difference of more than 0.7 yuan / kWh. The top three are Guangdong Province (five cities in the Pearl River Delta), Hainan Province, and Jiangsu Province. The largest peak-valley price differences reached 1.27 yuan / kWh, 1.22 yuan / kWh, and 1.14 yuan / kWh, respectively, and the economic benefits of peak-valley arbitrage have been significantly improved. Even in the spring when electricity demand is relatively stable, there are still 16 regions with a peak-valley electricity price difference of more than 0.7 yuan / kWh in March, which effectively guarantees the profitability stability of peak-valley arbitrage of industrial and commercial energy storage systems in the year-round dimension.

[0005] The new energy power supply system will face problems such as mismatch between power supply and demand, and energy storage, virtual power plants, microgrids and other regulatory means are indispensable. Electricity is a dynamic process energy that is not easy to store. It is mainly achieved through the power grid to achieve simultaneous production, transmission and consumption. The power generation method of new energy (such as wind power and solar energy) is greatly affected by weather conditions and has the characteristics of intermittent, volatility and instability. Large-scale application will have an impact on the stability of the power grid. In order to cope with the power generation characteristics of new energy power generation, energy storage, virtual power plants, microgrids and other regulatory means will be widely used in the future. Therefore, the configuration of energy storage is indispensable in the future green power energy system, and the role of new energy storage in promoting the development and consumption of new energy and the safe and stable operation of the power system is gradually emerging.

[0006] Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a new type of energy storage technology that stores energy by liquefying air. This technology uses the "compression-expansion" process of air to cool the compressed air to a liquid state for storage, completing the conversion of electrical energy and pressure energy. Compared with traditional compressed air energy storage systems (CAES), liquefied air energy storage technology realizes the storage of electrical energy in the form of liquid air. In addition to the many application advantages of compressed air energy storage technology, this technology does not require large pressure storage containers, thus getting rid of the restrictions on its site selection and construction due to factors such as geographical location. The energy storage density of this method is 10 to 40 times that of compressed air energy storage. It can store more energy in smaller containers, is not restricted by geographical conditions, and has more flexible site selection.

[0007] Chinese patents such as CN201210266701.0-High-pressure liquid air energy storage and release system, CN201210266535.4-High-efficiency high-pressure liquid air energy storage and release system, etc., have conducted in-depth research on liquid compressed air energy storage (LAES) technology.

[0008] The key equipment of LAES technology, such as compressors, high-pressure gas storage tanks, cryogenic expanders, liquid pumps, expansion generators and other domestic equipment, has been relatively mature, and the industrial chain is mature. As the capacity of the energy storage system increases, the cost will tend to decrease, and it is expected that LAES technology will usher in a broader application prospect in the future.

[0009] Therefore, the liquid air cooling power generation, high-pressure and low-temperature gas-phase air cooling power generation, and low-pressure and low-temperature air cooling power generation technologies in LAES are worthy of in-depth study. Summary of the invention

[0010] A storage type cold power station, the cold power station is implemented as follows:

[0011] When storing energy:

[0012] The low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 is used to store energy; or the liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 is pressurized by the high-pressure pump 4 and then enters the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 for energy storage;

[0013] When releasing energy:

[0014] The liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 or the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 enters the No. 1 condenser 8, and the No. 1 condenser 8 absorbs the cold released by the transported liquid air, liquefies the gaseous working medium 15 discharged from the No. 1 gas turbine 13, and then vaporizes it through the No. 1 circulating pump 9 and the No. 1 evaporator 10. The formed gaseous working medium enters the No. 1 gas turbine 13 to expand and do work, and drives the No. 1 working device 14 (such as the No. 1 generator 14) to do work or generate electricity. The gaseous working medium 15 discharged from the No. 1 gas turbine 13 enters the No. 1 condenser 8 again to absorb cold and liquefy, thereby forming a No. 1 working medium Rankine cycle working circuit; the high-pressure gaseous air 16 coming out of the No. 1 condenser 8 enters the air turbine 17 to expand and do work, and drives the gas turbine working device 18 (such as the gas turbine generator The exhaust gas of the air turbine 17, i.e., the low-temperature gaseous air 19, enters the No. 2 condenser 21 to release the cold and then is discharged to become the exhaust gas 22. The exhaust gas 22 can be used as a cold source for a cold storage or air conditioning system, etc.; the No. 2 condenser 21 absorbs the cold released by the low-temperature gaseous air 19, liquefies the No. 2 gaseous working medium 27, sends it to the No. 2 circulating pump 23 for pressurization, and then is gasified by the No. 2 evaporator 24. The formed gaseous working medium enters the No. 2 gas turbine 25 to expand and do work, and drives the No. 2 working device 26 (such as the No. 2 generator 26) to do work or generate electricity. The No. 2 gaseous working medium 27 discharged from the No. 2 gas turbine 25 enters the No. 2 condenser 21 again to absorb the cold and be liquefied, thereby forming a No. 2 working medium Rankine cycle work loop.

[0015] An air liquefaction unit 2 is provided: air 1 is passed through the air liquefaction unit 2 to produce liquid air, i.e., liquid air, which is sent to a low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 for energy storage; or air 1 is passed through the air liquefaction unit 2 to produce liquid air, which is sent to a low-pressure liquid storage tank 3, and the liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 is pressurized by a high-pressure pump 4 and then enters a high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 for energy storage.

[0016] The air liquefaction unit 2 adopts the well-known air separation or oxygen generator principle, air compression liquefaction principle (such as distillation, etc.) to perform air liquefaction operation, such as CN2013100302473-An air separation device for isobaric separation of air to produce oxygen and nitrogen, CN2013100309237-An air separation device for isobaric separation of oxygen and nitrogen, etc., which provide technical approaches for producing liquid air. The air liquefaction unit 2 includes air compression and cooling processes, as well as air purification and purification.

[0017] The first working fluid in the first Rankine cycle power generation circuit and the second working fluid in the second Rankine cycle power generation circuit have a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard atmospheric pressure, and are both low-boiling-point working fluids, such as CN2013100293794 steam Rankine-low-boiling-point working fluid Rankine combined cycle power generation device, CN2013100293775 extraction type steam Rankine-low-boiling-point working fluid Rankine combined cycle power generation device, etc., which provide further descriptions of low-boiling-point working fluids. In the application, propane can be used as the working fluid of the first and second Rankine cycle power generation circuits.

[0018] Preferably, the first power generator 14, the turbine power generator 18 and the second power generator 25 select corresponding generators for recovering and converting the expansion work of the corresponding turbines.

[0019] The heating medium of the No. 1 evaporator 10, such as the gasification medium 11, can be selected from air or seawater at room temperature. The liquid No. 1 working medium is heated in the No. 1 evaporator 10 to be gasified. The gasification medium 11 with a reduced temperature coming out of the No. 1 evaporator 10, i.e., the cooling medium 12, can be used as a cold source to supply cold to a cold storage or a cold energy seawater desalination system. The heating medium of the No. 2 evaporator 24, such as the heat medium 30, can be selected from air or seawater at room temperature. The liquid No. 2 working medium is heated in the No. 2 evaporator 24 to be gasified. The heat medium 30 with a reduced temperature coming out of the No. 2 evaporator 24, i.e., the cooling medium 31, can be used as a cold source to supply cold to a cold storage or a cold energy seawater desalination system.

[0020] A distillation unit 33 is provided: the liquid air coming out of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 is pressurized by the liquid air pump 32 and then enters the distillation unit 33 to produce liquid oxygen 34 and gaseous nitrogen for output.

[0021] A liquefaction unit 35 is provided: the gaseous nitrogen produced from the distillation unit 33 passes through the liquefaction unit 35 to produce liquid nitrogen 36 .

[0022] The distillation unit 33 is designed, installed and operated with reference to the distillation tower of the air separation device.

[0023] The liquefaction unit 36 ​​is implemented by a conventional compression refrigeration process or a low-temperature expansion machine process.

[0024] A low-pressure vaporizer 28 is provided: one end of the low-pressure vaporizer 28 is connected to the bottom liquid side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 through a pipeline; when the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 releases energy, the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 decreases, and the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the low-pressure vaporizer 28 is heated to be vaporized and enter the top gas space of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3, thereby maintaining the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 stable.

[0025] A high-pressure vaporizer 29 is provided: one end of the high-pressure vaporizer 29 is connected to the bottom liquid side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline; when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 decreases, and the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure vaporizer 29 is heated to be vaporized and enter the top gas space of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5, thereby maintaining the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 stable.

[0026] The heater in the low-pressure gasifier 28 or the high-pressure gasifier 29 is made of metal coils or finned tubes, etc. The heating medium is preferably turbine exhaust gas, etc. The heating medium should not contain water to avoid ice clogging of the heater due to improper operation.

[0027] A pressure regulating pump 7 is provided: when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 decreases, and the output pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating pump 7 to maintain the pressure of the high-pressure gaseous air 16 stable. The pressure regulating pump 7 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode to maintain the stability of the output pressure.

[0028] When the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 increases in pressure due to heat absorption, a gas release expansion cooling circuit is provided: the gaseous air discharged from the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 is expanded and works by the air turbine 17 to reduce the pressure and temperature, and enters the subsequent equipment to recover the cold before being discharged.

[0029] Two or three of the No. 1 gas turbine 13, the air turbine 17 and the No. 2 gas turbine 25 can be coaxially arranged and combined with corresponding power generators (such as generators).

[0030] The first power plant 14, the turbine power plant 18 and the second power plant 26 are mechanical energy conversion devices (such as traction fans, compressors, hydraulic pumps, etc.) or generators.

[0031] When the No. 1 working fluid in the No. 1 Rankine cycle power circuit and the No. 2 working fluid in the No. 2 Rankine cycle power circuit use the same working fluid, the corresponding circulating pump, evaporator, gas turbine, and gas turbine power device can be combined, and the gaseous working fluid coming out of the gas turbine enters the No. 1 condenser 8 and the No. 2 condenser 21 for liquefaction, respectively, and the generated liquid working fluid merges and enters the circulating pump, evaporator, and gas turbine, and the generated gaseous working fluid enters the No. 1 condenser 8 and the No. 2 condenser 21 for liquefaction, forming a composite Rankine cycle power circuit.

[0032] A No. 1 recooling liquefier 38 is provided: the air turbine exhaust air 37 extracted from the air turbine 17 absorbs the cold of the liquid air delivered from the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through the No. 1 recooling liquefier 38, and the generated liquid air returns to the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3, and the liquid air delivered from the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 enters the No. 1 condenser 8 through the No. 1 recooling liquefier 38.

[0033] A No. 2 recooling liquefier 39 is provided: the air turbine exhaust air 37 extracted from the air turbine 17 absorbs the cold energy of the exhaust gas of the air turbine 17 through the No. 2 recooling liquefier 39, generates low-pressure liquid air and returns to the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3, and the exhaust gas from the air turbine 17 enters the No. 2 condenser 21 through the No. 2 recooling liquefier 39.

[0034] Equipment and its systems, pipelines, instruments, valves, cold preservation, bypass facilities with regulating functions, etc. not described in the present invention are matched with reference to or in accordance with mature technologies in well-known traditional processes.

[0035] The equipment and pipelines in the present invention adopt necessary heat recovery, cooling recovery, quality recovery and other measures.

[0036] Parts not mentioned in the present invention, such as safety accessories, automatic control, etc., are matched with existing well-known technologies, that is, existing mature, reliable and reasonable technical measures are applied to this device.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] 1. Compared with the existing liquid air energy storage power station, the present invention retains the advantages of the liquid air energy storage power station and provides a new energy storage type cold power station and its supporting optimization solution. Compared with the traditional thermal power generation technology, cold power generation is a breakthrough in the direction of traditional thermal power generation and a new technical path;

[0039] 2. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can combine the characteristics of abundant surplus cold energy of energy storage cold power plants, optimize with large cold storage, central air conditioning or seawater desalination system using cold source, or use it as cold source of centralized cooling system to realize cold and power cogeneration;

[0040] 3. Compared with existing technologies, it can effectively absorb photovoltaic and wind power or be used for "shifting valleys and filling peaks" to optimize operation. The raw material is the extremely abundant source of ambient air, which is clean and environmentally friendly. It can also co-produce liquid oxygen, nitrogen and liquid nitrogen according to market demand, thereby improving the comprehensive advantages of cold power stations;

[0041] 4. Compared with the existing technology, the air turbine extraction and cooling liquefaction process is adopted, which matches the energy and quality and further optimizes the process setting;

[0042] 5. The energy storage type cold power station of the present invention can be conveniently used as a distributed cold power station for people in wartime. As long as there is liquid air transferred, the cold power generator set can be started using the backup power supply to supply electricity and cooling, and can provide high-quality air resources for the breathing space of air defense facilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a process flow diagram of an energy storage type cold power station.

[0044] Figure 1In: 1-air, 2-air liquefaction unit, 3-low-pressure liquid storage tank, 4-high-pressure pump, 5-high-pressure liquid storage tank, 6-pressure relief valve, 7-pressure regulating pump, 8-No. 1 condenser, 9-No. 1 circulation pump, 10-No. 1 evaporator, 11-gasification medium, 12-cooling medium, 13-No. 1 gas turbine, 14-No. 1 work device (such as No. 1 generator), 15-gaseous working medium, 16-high-pressure gaseous air, 17-air turbine, 18-gas turbine work device (such as gas turbine generator), 19-low-temperature gaseous air, 20 -pressure relief pipeline, 21-No. 2 condenser, 22-exhaust gas, 23-No. 2 circulating pump, 24-No. 2 evaporator, 25-No. 2 gas turbine, 26-No. 2 power generator (such as No. 2 generator), 27-No. 2 gaseous working medium, 28-low-pressure vaporizer, 29-high-pressure vaporizer, 30-heat medium, 31-refrigerant, 32-liquid air pump, 33-distillation unit, 34-liquid oxygen, 35-liquefaction unit, 36-liquid nitrogen, 37-air turbine extraction, 38-No. 1 recooling liquefier, 39-No. 2 recooling liquefier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, a storage type cold power station, the system implementation process is as follows:

[0048] When storing energy:

[0049] Air 1 is passed through air liquefaction unit 2 to produce liquid air, which is then sent to low-pressure liquid storage tank 3. The liquid air in low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 is then pressurized by high-pressure pump 4 and enters high-pressure liquid storage tank 6 for energy storage.

[0050] When releasing energy:

[0051] The liquid air in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 enters the No. 1 condenser 8, and the No. 1 condenser 8 absorbs the cold released by the transported liquid air, liquefies the gaseous working medium 15 discharged from the No. 1 gas turbine 13, and then vaporizes it through the No. 1 circulating pump 9 and the No. 1 evaporator 10. The formed gaseous working medium enters the No. 1 gas turbine 13 to expand and do work, driving the No. 1 generator 14 to generate electricity. The gaseous working medium 15 discharged from the No. 1 gas turbine 13 enters the No. 1 condenser 8 again to absorb cold and liquefy, thereby forming a No. 1 working medium Rankine cycle power generation circuit; the high-pressure gaseous air 16 coming out of the No. 1 condenser 8 enters the air turbine 17 to expand and do work, driving the gas turbine generator 18 to generate electricity. The exhaust of the air turbine 17, i.e., the low-temperature gaseous air 19, enters the No. 2 condenser 21 to release the cold and then is discharged to become the exhaust gas 22. The exhaust gas 22 can be used as a cold source for cold storage or air-conditioning systems, etc.; the No. 2 condenser 21 absorbs the cold released by the low-temperature gaseous air 19, liquefies the No. 2 gaseous working fluid 27, sends it to the No. 2 circulation pump 23 for pressurization, and then is vaporized by the No. 2 evaporator 24. The formed gaseous working fluid enters the No. 2 gas turbine 25 to expand and do work, driving the No. 2 generator 26 to generate electricity. The No. 2 gaseous working fluid 27 discharged from the No. 2 gas turbine 25 enters the No. 2 condenser 21 again to absorb cold and liquefy, thereby forming a No. 2 working fluid Rankine cycle power generation circuit.

[0052] The air liquefaction unit 2 mentioned above adopts the well-known air separation or oxygen generator principle, air compression and liquefaction principle (such as distillation, etc.) to perform air liquefaction operation.

[0053] The first working fluid in the first Rankine cycle power generation circuit and the second working fluid in the second Rankine cycle power generation circuit have a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard atmospheric pressure, and are both low-boiling-point working fluids. In the application, propane can be used as the working fluid of the first and second Rankine cycle power generation circuits.

[0054] The heating medium of the No. 1 evaporator 10, such as the gasification medium 11, can be selected from air or seawater at room temperature. The liquid No. 1 working medium is heated in the No. 1 evaporator 10 to be gasified. The gasification medium 11 with a reduced temperature coming out of the No. 1 evaporator 10, i.e., the cooling medium 12, can be used as a cold source to supply cold to a cold storage or a cold energy seawater desalination system. The heating medium of the No. 2 evaporator 24, such as the heat medium 30, can be selected from air or seawater at room temperature. The liquid No. 2 working medium is heated in the No. 2 evaporator 24 to be gasified. The heat medium 30 with a reduced temperature coming out of the No. 2 evaporator 24, i.e., the cooling medium 31, can be used as a cold source to supply cold to a cold storage or a cold energy seawater desalination system.

[0055] A distillation unit 33 is provided: the liquid air coming out of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 is pressurized by the liquid air pump 32 and then enters the distillation unit 33 to produce liquid oxygen 34 and gaseous nitrogen for output.

[0056] A liquefaction unit 35 is provided: the gaseous nitrogen produced from the distillation unit 33 passes through the liquefaction unit 35 to produce liquid nitrogen 36 .

[0057] The distillation unit 33 is designed, installed and operated with reference to the distillation tower of the air separation device.

[0058] The liquefaction unit 36 ​​is implemented by a conventional compression refrigeration process or a low-temperature expansion machine process.

[0059] A high-pressure vaporizer 29 is provided: one end of the high-pressure vaporizer 29 is connected to the bottom liquid side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline; when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 decreases, and the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure vaporizer 29 is heated to be vaporized and enter the top gas space of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5, thereby maintaining the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 stable.

[0060] The heater in the high-pressure gasifier 29 is made of metal coils or finned tubes, etc. The heating medium is preferably turbine exhaust gas, etc. The heating medium should not contain water to avoid ice clogging of the heater due to improper operation.

[0061] A pressure regulating pump 7 is provided: when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 decreases, and the output pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating pump 7 to maintain the pressure of the high-pressure gaseous air 16 stable. The pressure regulating pump 7 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode to maintain the stability of the output pressure.

[0062] When the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 increases in pressure due to heat absorption, a gas release expansion cooling circuit is provided: the gaseous air discharged from the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 is expanded and works by the air turbine 17 to reduce the pressure and temperature, and enters the subsequent equipment to recover the cold before being discharged.

[0063] The three of the No. 1 gas turbine 13, the air turbine 17 and the No. 2 gas turbine 25 are coaxially arranged and combined with corresponding generators.

[0064] A No. 1 recooling liquefier 38 is provided: the air turbine exhaust air 37 extracted from the air turbine 17 absorbs the cold of the liquid air delivered from the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through the No. 1 recooling liquefier 38, and the generated pressurized liquid air returns to the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3.

[0065] A No. 2 recooling liquefier 39 is provided: the air turbine exhaust air 37 extracted from the air turbine 17 absorbs the cold energy of the exhaust gas of the air turbine 17 through the No. 2 recooling liquefier 39, generates low-pressure liquid air and returns to the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3, and the exhaust gas from the air turbine 17 enters the No. 2 condenser 21 through the No. 2 recooling liquefier 39.

[0066] Parts not mentioned in the present invention, such as safety accessories, instruments, meters, automatic control, etc., are equipped with existing well-known technologies, and existing mature, reliable and reasonable technical measures can be applied to this device.

[0067] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the definition of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A storage type cold power station, characterized in that: When storing energy: A low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) is used to store energy; or the liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) is pressurized by a high-pressure pump (4) and then enters a high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) to store energy; When releasing energy: The liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) or the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) enters the first condenser (8), and the first condenser (8) absorbs the cold released by the transported liquid air, liquefies the gaseous working medium (15) discharged from the first gas turbine (13), and then vaporizes it through the first circulation pump (9) and the first evaporator (10). The formed gaseous working medium enters the first gas turbine (13) to expand and perform work, driving the first work unit (14) to perform work (including power generation). The gaseous working medium (15) discharged from the first gas turbine (13) enters the first condenser (8) to absorb cold and liquefy, thereby forming a No. 1 working medium Rankine cycle work circuit; the high-pressure gaseous air (16) coming out of the first condenser (8) enters the air turbine (17) to expand and perform work. The air turbine (18) is driven to perform work (including power generation), and the exhaust gas of the air turbine (17), i.e., the low-temperature gaseous air (19), enters the No. 2 condenser (21) to release the cold and then be discharged to become the exhaust gas (22); the No. 2 condenser (21) absorbs the cold released by the low-temperature gaseous air (19), liquefies the No. 2 gaseous working medium (27), sends it to the No. 2 circulation pump (23) for pressure increase, and then is gasified by the No. 2 evaporator (24). The formed gaseous working medium enters the No. 2 gas turbine (25) to expand and perform work, driving the No. 2 working unit 26 to perform work (including power generation). The No. 2 gaseous working medium (27) discharged from the No. 2 gas turbine (25) enters the No. 2 condenser (21) again to absorb the cold and be liquefied, thereby forming a No. 2 working medium Rankine cycle work loop.

2. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air liquefaction unit (2) is provided: air (1) is passed through the air liquefaction unit (2) to produce liquid air, i.e., liquid air, which is then sent to a low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) for energy storage; or air (1) is passed through the air liquefaction unit (2) to produce liquid air, which is then sent to a low-pressure liquid storage tank (3), and the liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) is then pressurized by a high-pressure pump (4) and then enters a high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) for energy storage.

3. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A distillation unit (33) is provided: liquid air coming out of the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) is pressurized by a liquid air pump (32) and then enters the distillation unit (33) to generate liquid oxygen (34) and gaseous nitrogen for output.

4. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 3, characterized in that: A liquefaction unit (35) is provided: the gaseous nitrogen produced from the distillation unit (33) is passed through the liquefaction unit (35) to produce liquid nitrogen (36).

5. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-pressure vaporizer (28) is provided: one end of the low-pressure vaporizer (28) is connected to the bottom liquid side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) through a pipeline; when the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) releases energy, the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) decreases, and the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the low-pressure vaporizer (28) is heated to vaporize and enter the top gas space of the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3), thereby maintaining the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) stable; Alternatively, a high-pressure vaporizer (29) is provided: one end of the high-pressure vaporizer (29) is connected to the bottom liquid side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) through a pipeline; when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) decreases, and the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure vaporizer (29) is heated to vaporize and enter the top gas space of the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5), thereby maintaining the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) stable.

6. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure regulating pump (7) is provided: when the liquid air stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) or the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) releases energy, the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) or the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) decreases, and the output pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating pump (7) to maintain the pressure of the high-pressure gaseous air (16) stable.

7. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two or three of the No. 1 gas turbine (13), the air turbine (17) and the No. 2 gas turbine (25) are arranged coaxially.

8. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first working fluid in the first Rankine cycle power circuit and the second working fluid in the second Rankine cycle power circuit are the same working fluid, the corresponding circulating pump, evaporator, gas turbine, and gas turbine power generator can be combined, and the gaseous working fluid from the gas turbine enters the first condenser (8) and the second condenser (21) for liquefaction respectively, and the generated liquid working fluid merges and enters the circulating pump, evaporator, and gas turbine, and the generated gaseous working fluid enters the first condenser (8) and the second condenser (21) for liquefaction respectively, thereby forming a composite Rankine cycle power circuit.

9. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas (22) after the second condenser (21) releases the cold is used as a cold source for cold supply.

10. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasified fluid (11) with reduced temperature coming out of the first evaporator (10), i.e., the cooling medium (12), serves as a cooling source to supply cooling to the outside.

11. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat medium (30) with reduced temperature coming out of the No. 2 evaporator (24), i.e., the refrigerant (31), serves as a cold source to supply cooling to the outside.

12. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A No. 1 recooling liquefier (38) is provided: the air turbine exhaust air (37) extracted from the air turbine (17) absorbs the cold of the liquid air delivered from the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) through the No. 1 recooling liquefier (38), and the generated low-pressure liquid air returns to the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3), and the liquid air delivered from the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) enters the No. 1 condenser (8) through the No. 1 recooling liquefier (38).

13. The energy storage type cold power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A No. 2 recooling liquefier (39) is provided: the air turbine exhaust air (37) extracted from the air turbine (17) absorbs the cold energy of the exhaust gas of the air turbine (17) through the No. 2 recooling liquefier (39), generates low-pressure liquid air and returns to the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3); the exhaust gas from the air turbine (17) enters the No. 2 condenser (21) through the No. 2 recooling liquefier (39).

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