Reflection type optical interferometer based on metal reflector

Abstract

The reflection type optical interferometer comprises a base, light shielding plates are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the base, the four light shielding plates form a light shielding shell with the upper end open, and a light splitting metal reflector is arranged in the center of the interior of the base. A fixed metal reflector and a movable metal reflector are arranged on the bottom plate and located on the two sides of the light splitting metal reflector respectively, an incidence narrow slit is formed in one side edge of the shading shell, and two emission narrow slits are formed in the other side face, opposite to the incidence narrow slit, of the shading shell. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the two light beams after light splitting are both emitted from one light source, so that the two light beams after light splitting are coherent light, the optical path of one light beam can be continuously changed only by continuously changing the position of the movable metal reflecting mirror, optical interference of the continuous variable optical path of the coherent light is achieved, and the interference precision of the coherent light is improved. Due to the fact that the metal reflecting mirror is adopted, absorption of spectral energy in the range from ultraviolet rays to far infrared rays can be almost ignored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a precise optical instrument, which is a reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector, and is used in a Fourier infrared spectrometer to replace a traditional Michelson interferometer. Of course, it can also be used in some teaching experimental instruments. Wherever the traditional Michelson interferometer is used, it can be replaced by the present invention. Moreover, after using the present invention, the interference spectrum range of the interferometer will reach from ultraviolet to far infrared. Background Art

[0002] At present, the spectral element of the Michelson interferometer is still a semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical glass. The typical application scenario is the Fourier infrared spectrometer, in which the core of the interferometer is the Michelson interferometer, and the spectral element is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical glass made of potassium bromide (KBr) window + coating process. The reason for using potassium bromide is that the Fourier infrared spectrometer works in the spectral range of 2500nm to 25000nm. Ordinary optical glass will strongly absorb this part of the spectrum, making it difficult to obtain good measurement accuracy, or even impossible to measure, so potassium bromide materials are used. However, potassium bromide materials are very easy to deliquesce, so that in the air with normal ambient humidity, there will be serious deliquesce. Therefore, under normal circumstances, Fourier infrared spectrometers use a large amount of built-in desiccant and are filled with sufficient dry gas to prevent the window of the internal potassium bromide material from deliquescing. This also leads to the Fourier infrared spectrometer's extremely harsh requirements on the environment, and ordinary working environments or ordinary laboratory environments cannot meet its long-term working requirements. This indirectly limits the development and application of Fourier spectrometers.

[0003] In some university physics laboratories, some Michelson interferometer experimental teaching instruments are common. This type of instrument usually uses semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical glass made by K9 optical glass + coating process. The spectroscopic element made of K9 optical glass can only be used in the visible light range, which can only meet the teaching requirements of visible light. If you want to measure the interference phenomenon of infrared light, the experimental teaching instrument of Michelson interferometer cannot meet it. Because K9 optical glass seriously absorbs the infrared spectrum, only a very small amount of light passes through K9 optical glass, so it will not be possible to measure the emitted light, nor the infrared interference fringes.

[0004] Therefore, as long as the traditional Michelson interferometer is used, it will definitely involve semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical glass, and the light must pass through the optical glass, which leads to strict requirements on the materials of the optical glass. Although different materials can be used in different spectral ranges, different materials have different and demanding requirements on the use environment. Therefore, the application field of the traditional Michelson interferometer will be greatly limited. At the same time, due to the requirements of special materials, the technical threshold for the production and manufacturing of the Michelson interferometer is also increased. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems. The present invention completely removes the semi-transparent and semi-reflective optical glass required in the traditional Michelson interferometer, and instead uses a splitting metal reflector to achieve splitting, and then two metal reflectors to achieve re-focusing. In this way, no light passes through any material, and all light is reflected, thereby generating light interference. This avoids the material requirements for semi-transparent and semi-reflective glass required by the original Michelson interferometer, and the harsh requirements on the environment. Thereby lowering the technical threshold for production and manufacturing, and no longer requiring harsh use environment requirements. It also greatly simplifies the structure and processing and manufacturing difficulty of the interferometer.

[0006] The technical solution provided by the present invention is: a reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector, comprising a base, wherein shading plates are fixedly arranged around the base, and four of the shading plates form a shading shell with an open upper end, a splitting metal reflector is arranged at the center of the base, a fixed metal reflector and a moving metal reflector are respectively arranged on the bottom plate and on both sides of the splitting metal reflector, an incident slit is arranged on one side of the shading shell, and two exit slits are arranged on the other side of the shading shell opposite to the incident slit.

[0007] Furthermore, the beam splitting metal reflector is arranged in an L-shape, and the reflecting surface of the beam splitting metal reflector is arranged toward the incident slit.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixed metal reflector is fixedly connected to the base, the movable metal reflector is movably connected to the base, and the position of the movable metal reflector can be freely changed.

[0009] Furthermore, the height of the light-shielding housing is greater than the height of the beam-splitting metal reflector, the fixed metal reflector and the dynamic metal reflector.

[0010] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are as follows: the present invention can realize optical interference without using any optical glass, and realizes light splitting by using a light splitting metal reflector, and realizes re-focusing by using a fixed metal reflector and a movable metal reflector. Since the two light beams after light splitting are emitted from the same light source, the two light beams after light splitting are coherent light. As long as the position of the movable metal reflector is continuously changed, the optical path of one of the light beams can be continuously changed, thereby realizing optical interference of the continuously variable optical path of the coherent light. Since the metal reflector is used, the absorption of spectral energy from ultraviolet to far infrared range can be almost ignored.

[0011] The Fourier infrared spectrometer of the present invention no longer uses the traditional Michelson interferometer, but uses the reflective interferometer composed of three metal reflectors of the present invention. At this time, the spectrum range that can be detected by the Fourier infrared spectrometer has been increased from the original 2500nm to 25000nm to the current range of 110nm to 25000nm. The ultraviolet range and visible light range are newly added, and the environment no longer has strict humidity requirements, and it can work normally without a dry air source.

[0012] In the teaching instruments used in schools, when the optical interferometer designed by the present invention is adopted, it can not only measure the visible light range, but also measure the optical interference phenomenon in the ultraviolet to far infrared range, which brings a wider spectrum exploration range to students and scientific research experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a right-side structural schematic diagram of a reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector according to the present invention.

[0017] As shown in the figure: 1. Shooting slit; 2. Interference point; 3. Fixed mirror reflects light; 4. Base; 5. Light-shielding shell; 6. Fixed metal reflector; 7. Incident light after passing through the aperture; 8. Point light source; 9. Incident light; 10. Slit of incidence; 11. Moving metal reflector; 12. Beam-splitting metal reflector; 13. Moving mirror reflects light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] As shown in the figure, a reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector includes a base 4, and shading plates are fixedly provided on all four sides of the base 4. Four of the shading plates form a shading shell 5 with an open upper end. A splitting metal reflector 12 is provided at the center of the base 4. A fixed metal reflector 6 and a moving metal reflector 11 are respectively provided on the bottom plate 4 and on both sides of the splitting metal reflector 12. An incident slit 10 is provided on one side of the shading shell 5, and two exit slits 1 are provided on the other side of the shading shell 5 opposite to the incident slit 10.

[0020] The spectroscopic metal reflector 12 is L-shaped, the reflecting surface of the spectroscopic metal reflector 12 is set toward the incident slit 10, the fixed metal reflector 6 is fixedly connected to the base 4, the movable metal reflector 11 is movably connected to the base 4, the position of the movable metal reflector 11 can be freely changed, and the height of the light-shielding housing 5 is greater than the height of the spectroscopic metal reflector 12, the fixed metal reflector 6 and the movable metal reflector 11.

[0021] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: first, a group of incident light rays 9 are emitted from a point light source 8, and after passing through an incident narrow slit 10, they become incident light rays 7 after passing through an aperture. Then, since the incident light rays 7 after passing through the aperture are not a beam of light, but a beam of light with a certain area, after passing through a beam splitting metal reflector 12, the beam of light is split into two. Since the two separated beams of light come from the same light source at the same time, the two separated beams of light are coherent light. Then, one of the beams of light is reflected by a fixed metal reflector 6 to generate a fixed mirror reflected light 3, and then the fixed mirror reflected light 3 passes through an exit narrow slit 1 to reach the interference point 2. Then, the other beam of light passes through a moving metal reflector 11 and then reflects to generate a moving mirror reflected light 13, and then passes through an exit narrow slit 1 to also reach the interference point 2. Since the two separated beams of light are coherent light, when the optical path difference of the two beams of light is very close, an interference pattern will be generated at the interference point 2. Here, it is only necessary to continuously change the position of the moving metal reflector 11 to continuously change the optical path of the moving mirror reflected light 13, so that it has a slight optical path difference with the optical path of the fixed mirror reflected light 3, and optical interference can be generated. Then the base 4 is used to fix and support all parts, and the light shielding shell 5 is used to resist the interference of other external light.

[0022] The present invention and its implementation methods are described, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings only describe one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector, comprising a base (4), characterized in that: The base (4) is fixedly provided with shading plates on all sides, and the four shading plates form a shading shell (5) with an open top. A beam splitting metal reflector (12) is provided at the center of the base (4). A fixed metal reflector (6) and a dynamic metal reflector (11) are provided on the bottom plate (4) and on both sides of the beam splitting metal reflector (12). An incident slit (10) is provided on one side of the shading shell (5), and two emission slits (1) are provided on the other side of the shading shell (5) opposite to the incident slit (10).

2. A reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-splitting metal reflector (12) is arranged in an L-shape, and the reflective surface of the light-splitting metal reflector (12) is arranged toward the incident narrow slit (10).

3. A reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed metal reflector (6) is fixedly connected to the base (4), the movable metal reflector (11) is movably connected to the base (4), and the position of the movable metal reflector (11) can be freely changed.

4. A reflective optical interferometer based on a metal reflector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the light-shielding housing (5) is greater than the height of the light-splitting metal reflector (12), the fixed metal reflector (6) and the dynamic metal reflector (11).

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