Solenoid valve with improved damping and method for producing solenoid valve

Abstract

The invention relates to a solenoid valve having a first attachment part (1), a second attachment part (2), an armature (5) and a coil (6) for moving the armature (5). The solenoid valve comprises a first closing part (7a) which is coupled to the armature (5) and opens or closes the first attachment part (1) due to the movement of the armature (5); a second closing member (7b) which is attached to the armature (5) and closes or opens the second attachment part (2) due to the movement of the armature (5); and a damping spring (8), which is arranged between the first closing part (7a) and the second closing part (7b) and is designed to buffer the closing of the first attachment part (1) and / or the second attachment part (2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a solenoid valve with improved damping and a method for manufacturing the solenoid valve, in particular to a two-position three-way valve with double damping. Background Art

[0002] For example, solenoid valves are used as 3 / 2-way valves for pressure control of anti-lock brake systems in commercial vehicles or buses or for drive slip control (ASR). These solenoid valves are subject to strong stress during operation and should work reliably after many actuations.

[0003] However, due to the high stresses, conventional solenoid valves can experience significant wear over time, so that reliable switching (opening and / or closing) is no longer possible or is insufficient. In particular, mechanical wear often occurs on the valve seat and / or the closing element due to the sudden switching processes and the high forces that occur therein, especially due to pressure differences. This wear can be further intensified by the air guidance, i.e. the reversal of the air flow inside the valve.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for an alternative design for a solenoid valve which, on the one hand, allows simple production and, on the other hand, ensures reliable operation over the entire service life. Summary of the invention

[0005] At least some of the above problems are solved by a solenoid valve according to claim 1 and a production method according to claim 9. The dependent claims define further advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of the independent claim.

[0006] The present invention relates to a solenoid valve, which has a first attachment part, a second attachment part, an armature and a coil for moving the armature. The solenoid valve also includes a first closing part, a second closing part and a damping spring. The first closing part is coupled to the armature and opens or closes the first attachment part based on the movement of the armature. The second closing part is attached to the armature and closes or opens the second attachment part based on the movement of the armature. The damping spring is arranged between the first closing part and the second closing part and is configured to buffer or damp the closing of the first attachment part and / or the second attachment part.

[0007] The first closing part and the second closing part can be configured as sealing elements, which reliably seal the corresponding valve seats. They can be configured to be flat or conically tapered to achieve good sealing. The direction of movement of the armature defines the axial direction.

[0008] Optionally, only one damping spring is arranged between the first closure part and the second closure part, which presses the first closure part and the second closure part away from each other. Thus, they can be under preload.

[0009] The first closure part can also be identical in structure to the second closure part. This provides the advantage that only one type of closure part has to be manufactured. After insertion, the two closure parts are only rotated 180° relative to each other. This allows simple and cost-effective manufacturing.

[0010] Optionally, the solenoid valve includes a third attachment portion and a chamber, in which the armature can move linearly together with the first closure member and the second closure member. The first attachment portion, the second attachment portion and the third attachment portion can provide a connection to the chamber (for example, through an external attachment member). When the coil is energized, the first closure member can close the first attachment portion, and the second closure member can establish a fluid connection between the second attachment portion and the third attachment portion via the chamber. When the coil is not energized, the second closure member can close the second attachment portion, and the first closure member can establish a fluid connection between the first attachment portion and the third attachment portion via the chamber. In this way, the solenoid valve becomes a two-position three-way solenoid valve.

[0011] Optionally, the armature extends cylindrically around the first closure part and the second closure part, and includes a section axially protruding from the first closure part. In addition, the armature can have a side channel (e.g., a groove) extending longitudinally. Then, the armature can have at least two through-openings between the inner region of the armature and the side channel, wherein (at least) the first through-opening is constructed in the protruding section, and (at least) the second through-opening is constructed in the region of the armature axially between the first closure part and the second closure part to provide pressure compensation between the inner region and the outer region (e.g., the third attachment portion) of the cylindrical armature. Optionally, multiple first through-openings and / or multiple second through-openings can be constructed to better distribute the airflow.

[0012] Optionally, the at least two through-openings are designed as holes of identical structure. Structurally identical can mean that they can be produced with the same tool (such as a drill bit) and therefore have no other differences except for the position. Alternatively or in addition to the through-opening, the armature can also have slots or cutouts through which the air flow can flow.

[0013] Optionally, the first closing part and / or the second closing part respectively include a head-shoulder area for closing the corresponding first attachment part or the second attachment part. The armature can have a projection protruding radially into the interior space and / or have an annular notch with a stop element at the opposite end. The projection can be configured to form a stop for the head-shoulder area of ​​the first closing part. After the first closing part, the damping spring and the second closing part are inserted, the notch can fix the second closing part in the axial direction by the stop element.

[0014] Optionally, the stop element is a disk fixed in the notch by an edge forging of the armature. However, the stop element does not have to be a continuous disk. It is sufficient if an axial stop for the second closure part is formed. However, the stop element should not be completely fixed.

[0015] Some embodiments also relate to a method for manufacturing a solenoid valve as previously defined, the solenoid valve comprising a first attachment portion, a second attachment portion, an armature having a cylindrical inner space, and a coil for moving the armature. The method comprises:

[0016] - placing the first closure element into the interior space of the armature;

[0017] - placing a damping spring into the interior space of the armature; and

[0018] - inserting the second closure element into the interior space of the armature,

[0019] The first closing member and the second closing member are configured to alternately open or close the first attachment portion or the second attachment portion when the armature moves, and the damping spring provides damping when the first attachment portion and / or the second attachment portion is closed.

[0020] Optionally, the method further comprises constructing a stop for the second closure member by means of an edge forging of the armature. Thus, the first closure member, the second closure member and the damping spring arranged between the first closure member and the second closure member are fixed in the cylindrical cavity with respect to their maximum distance.

[0021] Of course, all other features of the solenoid valve described above can be implemented as further optional method steps in the manufacture. Of course, in addition, the order of naming is not necessarily the order in which the method steps are implemented. These steps can also be implemented in a different order or only a part of these method steps can be implemented.

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention overcome the problems mentioned at the beginning by (only) one spring, which damps the impact of the two closing parts on the valve seat. For example, this is possible by closing two attachments on opposite sides, which can be damped by a single compression spring.

[0023] These embodiments further offer the advantage that the double damping significantly increases the service life of the solenoid valve. Less damage occurs, and opening and closing are performed with high precision. The solenoid valve is therefore suitable for applications requiring frequent switching processes, as is the case in ABS solenoid valves.

[0024] Another advantage of these embodiments is that the two closure parts can have the same design and can therefore be manufactured interchangeably. This significantly simplifies manufacturing and reduces manufacturing costs. In addition, cost savings are achieved in this way because fewer parts are required due to the double damping.

[0025] The same also applies to the construction of the through-opening, which can be formed by the same type of bore, since the through-opening in the central region between the two closure parts and the through-opening in the upper end region can be produced with the same tool in the same working step. According to these embodiments, the outer channel along the armature can already be present in the pre-processed material (forged material), which also shortens the manufacturing method and the manufacturing time.

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention may be better understood from the following detailed description of different embodiments and the accompanying drawings, which however should not be understood as limiting the present disclosure to specific implementations, but are merely for explanation and understanding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A solenoid valve according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Figure 1 A solenoid valve with improved damping according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The valve shown is a two-position three-way valve, which can selectively connect three attachments to each other by means of two switching positions. To this end, the solenoid valve includes a first attachment 1, a second attachment 2, a third attachment 3, an armature 5, a coil 6, a first closing component and a second closing component 7a, 7b and a damping spring 8. The coil 6 is used to move the armature 5 (by magnetic force). The first closing component 7a is coupled to the armature 5 and opens or closes the first attachment 1 when the armature 5 moves through the coil 6. The second closing component 7b is also coupled to the armature 5 and opens or closes the second attachment 2 when the coil 6 moves the armature 5. The damping spring 8 is arranged between the first closing component 7a and the second closing component 7b. When closing the first attachment 1 and / or when closing the second attachment 2, the damping spring 8 slows down the impact (or impact) on the corresponding valve seat. The damping spring thus improves the damping and protects the closure element 7 a , 7 b or the valve seat on the attachment part 1 , 2 .

[0030] The coil 6 can be installed in the valve body housing 10, for example, and extend cylindrically around the core 4 and the armature 5. For example, the core 4 can be firmly arranged in the coil 6 and the first attachment portion 1 can be provided as a through opening. The armature 5 can be arranged in the axial direction ( Figure 1 The armature 5 is provided with a compression spring 11 between the core 4 and the armature 5, which generates a preload. For example, the armature 5 may have a protruding section 5a, which protrudes axially from the first closure part 7a and defines a cylindrical inner area, in which the compression spring 11 is guided and which accommodates the valve seat 12 of the first attachment part 1.

[0031] The first and second closure parts 7a, 7b can be moved relative to the armature 5 by pressing the damping spring 8. However, this movement is limited by stops in both directions in the axial direction. For this purpose, the first and second closure parts 7a, 7b each include a narrowing area 17a, 17b forming a shoulder-head area, wherein the head section serves to close the respective first or second opening 1, 2, and the shoulder serves as a stop.

[0032] In addition, the armature 5 includes a projection 5c protruding radially into the interior space, which forms a stop for the shoulder section 17a of the first closure part 7a. The compression spring 11 can also act on this inner projection 5c and press the armature 5 away from the core 4. On the opposite end, an annular notch 5d is formed in the armature 5. The annular notch 5d is formed together with the head-shoulder area 17b of the second closure part 7b so that an exemplary disk 9 can be placed there, which is simply fixed, for example, by means of a forging (stauchung) of the armature 5. Then, the two closure parts 7a, 7b are fixed by an axial stop in the armature 5.

[0033] In the de-energized state of the coil 6, the compression spring 11 presses the armature 5 away from the core 4. As a result, the first closing part 7a opens the first attachment portion 1 because the first closing part 7a is carried by the stop 5c. At the same time, the pre-adjusting force of the compression spring 11 is sufficient to move the armature 5 until the armature 5 closes the opposite second attachment portion 2 through the second closing part 7b. Here, the contact of the second closing part 7b to the second attachment portion 2 is damped by the damping spring 8.

[0034] When the coil 6 is energized and thus generates a magnetic field, the armature 5 is magnetically attracted in the direction of the core 4, overcoming the spring tension of the compression spring 11, specifically until the first closing part 7a closes the first attachment 1. When the coil is energized, the armature 5 is magnetically attracted into the coil in the direction of the attachment 1. In this case, the stopper transfers the force from the armature 5 to the second closing part 7b via the disk 9, which transfers the force to the first closing part 7a via the damping spring 8. Therefore, the compression force when closing the first attachment 1 is limited to the spring force of the damping spring 8, so that this compression force protects the solenoid valve.

[0035] As a result of this movement, either the second attachment part 2 or the first attachment part 1 is opened or closed. When the second attachment part 2 is open (energized state), there is a fluid connection between the third attachment part 3 and the second attachment part 2. In addition to the second attachment part 2, the third attachment part 3 can also be configured in the bottom section in the valve body 10. Then, no additional measures (Vorkehrung) for air guidance are required between the second and third attachment parts 2, 3.

[0036] Figure 1 Only the switching position with the first attachment part 1 opened is shown. In order to guide the air flow from the first attachment part 1 into the inner space of the valve housing 10, the armature 5 has at least two through-openings 13 and at least one side channel 14 (for example formed as a groove). At least two through-openings 13 connect the inner area of ​​the armature 5 and the side channel 14, and provide a fluid connection between the first attachment part 1 and the third attachment part 3. For example, at least one first through-opening 13a is constructed in the protruding section 5a, and at least one second through-opening 13b is constructed in the area 5b of the armature 5, which is axially located between the first closure part 7a and the second closure part 7b. At least one second through-opening 13b provides pressure compensation between the inner area of ​​the armature 5 and the third attachment part 3. The second through-opening 13b is located at the height of the damping spring 8 on the shaft, and due to the pressure compensation, the wear on the first closure part 7a and the second closure part 7b is reduced.

[0037] Of course, there may be a plurality of through openings 13 and / or a plurality of side channels in order to distribute the air flow as evenly as possible over the interior space due to the prevailing pressure conditions. The second attachment 2 and the third attachment 3 may be designed as through openings in the valve body housing 10 .

[0038] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for manufacturing one of the above-mentioned solenoid valves is schematically shown. The method comprises:

[0039] - Place the first closing member 7a into the inner space of the armature 5 S110;

[0040] - Place the damping spring 8 into the inner space of the S120 armature 5;

[0041] - Inserting S130 the second closure element 7 b into the interior of the armature 5 .

[0042] The first closing member 7a and the second closing member 7b are configured to alternately open or close the first attachment portion 1 or the second attachment portion 2 when the armature 5 moves, and the damping spring 8 provides damping when closing the first attachment portion 1 and / or the second attachment portion 2 .

[0043] Optionally, as a further method step, the method comprises constructing S135 a stop for the second closure part 7b to ensure that the first closure part 7a, the second closure part 7b and the damping spring 8 arranged between the first closure part and the second closure part are fixed in the cylindrical cavity of the armature 5. The construction of the stop can, for example, include the insertion of the disk 9 and the edge forging of the armature 5. Afterwards, the disk 9 can no longer be removed from the recess without being destroyed.

[0044] Of course, all other features of the solenoid valve described above can be implemented as further optional method steps in the manufacture. Of course, in addition, the order of naming is not necessarily the order in which the method steps are implemented. These steps can also be implemented in a different order or only a part of these method steps can be implemented.

[0045] Assembly and media booting can be summarized as follows:

[0046] Therefore, the assembly sequence can be carried out as follows: First, a cylindrical armature 5 is provided, into which the first closure part 7a is inserted. The first closure part 7a comprises a head region and a shoulder region, wherein a radially inwardly protruding projection 5c of the armature 5 acts on the shoulder region and provides an impact stop (Anstoβ), so that the first closure part 7a can only move until the radial projection. Then, the damping spring 8 can be inserted into the cylindrical armature 5. Then, the second closure part 7b is placed against the damping spring 8. Finally, the disk 9 is inserted. Since the second closure part 7b also has a shoulder section and a head section, the disk hits the shoulder region and thus provides a stop for the second closure part 7b. For this purpose, the armature 5 comprises a circumferential notch 5d, into which the disk 9 can be inserted. After the armature 5 has been forged at the axial end, the disk 9 and therefore also the second closure part 7b can no longer be removed from the interior of the armature 5, because the deformation of this axial end of the armature 5 prevents the removal of the disk 9. Subsequently, the armature can be inserted together with the core 4 into the interior of the valve housing 10, and after the core 9 has been fixed, the solenoid valve is ready for use.

[0047] The air movement in the individual switching positions takes place along the through openings 13 and the outer channels 14. For this purpose, one or more channels 14 are provided along the cylindrical outer surface of the armature 5, which allow an axial air flow to enter or leave the third attachment part 3. Thus, the medium guide (air) flows from the first attachment part 1 through the core valve seat 12 to the third attachment part 3 and is guided through the transverse hole 13 in the armature 5. The air guide continues to flow from the transverse hole 13 in the armature 5 to the third attachment part 3 via the outer channels.

[0048] The advantage of this air guide is that the outer channel 14 of the armature 5 can already exist in the pre-processed material (Vormaterial) and does not need to be processed separately. Therefore, this can also be constructed by a turning process before manufacturing the armature 5, for example. This saves process time and thus also saves costs. The transverse hole 13 in the armature 5 enables air guidance from the inside to the outside and from the outside to the inside. In addition, the transverse hole 13 for air guidance between the first attachment part 1 and the third attachment part 3 can be the same structure as the transverse hole 13b for establishing pressure compensation between the first closure part 7a and the second closure part 7b.

[0049] The features of the invention disclosed in the description, the claims and the drawings are essential for the implementation of the invention, both individually and in any combination.

[0050] Reference numerals list

[0051] 1, 2, 3 Attachment

[0052] 4 core

[0053] 5 Armature

[0054] 5a, 5b, 5s, 5d armature section

[0055] 6 Coil

[0056] 7, 7a, 7b, Closing parts

[0057] 8 Damping spring

[0058] 9 plates

[0059] 10 Shell body

[0060] 11 Compression spring

[0061] 12 Valve seat (core)

[0062] 13, 13a, 13b through openings

[0063] 14 Side channels and grooves

[0064] 15 Chamber (internal space)

[0065] 17a, 17b Narrowing area (shoulder-head area / segment)

Claims

1. A solenoid valve comprising a first attachment portion (1), a second attachment portion (2), an armature (5) and a coil (6) for moving the armature (5), characterized in that: a first closing member (7a) coupled to the armature (5) and opening or closing the first attachment portion (1) based on the movement of the armature (5); a second closing member (7b) attached to the armature (5) and closing or opening the second attachment portion (2) based on the movement of the armature (5); and A damping spring (8) is arranged between the first closing member (7a) and the second closing member (7b) and is configured to dampen the closing of the first attachment portion (1) and / or the second attachment portion (2).

2. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: Only one damping spring (8) is arranged between the first closure part (7a) and the second closure part (7b), which presses the first closure part (7a) and the second closure part (7b) away from each other.

3. The solenoid valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first closing component (7a) and the second closing component (7b) have the same structure.

4. The solenoid valve according to claim 1 , further comprising: a third attachment portion (3) and a chamber (15), in which the armature (5) moves linearly together with the first and second closing parts (7a, 7b), the first, second and third attachment portions (1, 2, 3) providing a connection to the chamber (15), It is characterized in that When the coil (6) is energized, the first closing member (7a) closes the first attachment portion (1), the second closing member (7b) establishes a fluid connection between the second attachment portion (2) and the third attachment portion (3) via the chamber (15), and When the coil (6) is not energized, the second closing member (7b) closes the second attachment portion (2), and the first closing member (7a) establishes a fluid connection between the first attachment portion (1) and the third attachment portion (3) via the chamber (15).

5. The solenoid valve according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The armature (5) extends cylindrically around the first closure part (7a) and the second closure part (7b), comprises a section (5a) protruding axially from the first closure part (7a), and has a longitudinally extending side channel (14). Characterized in that the armature (5) has at least two through openings (13a, 13b) between an inner region of the armature (5) and the side channel (14), wherein a first through opening (13a) is constructed in the protruding section (5a), and a second through opening (13b) is constructed in an area (5b) of the armature (5) axially located between the first closure part (7a) and the second closure part (7b), so as to provide pressure compensation between the inner region and the outer region of the cylindrical armature (5).

6. The solenoid valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The at least two through openings (13) are holes with identical structures.

7. The solenoid valve according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The first closing part and the second closing part (7a, 7b) each have a head-shoulder region (17a, 17b) for closing the corresponding first attachment part or second attachment part (1, 2), The armature (5) has a projection (5c) protruding radially into the interior space and has an annular groove (5d) with a stop element (9) at the opposite end, wherein the projection (5c) is designed to form a stop for the head-shoulder area (17a) of the first closure part (7a), and the groove (5d) is designed to fix the second closure part (7b) in the axial direction by means of the stop element (9) after the first closure part (7a), the damping spring (8) and the second closure part (7b) are inserted.

8. The solenoid valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stop element (9) is a disk (9) which is fixed in the notch (5d) by means of an edge forging of the armature (5).

9. A method for manufacturing a solenoid valve, wherein: The solenoid valve comprises a first attachment portion (1), a second attachment portion (2), an armature (5) having a cylindrical inner space, and a coil (6) for moving the armature (5), and the method is characterized in that: - placing (S110) the first closing member (7a) into the inner space of the armature (5); - placing (S120) the damping spring (8) into the inner space of the armature (5); - inserting (S130) the second closing element (7b) into the inner space of the armature (5), Wherein, the first closing part (7a) and the second closing part (7b) are constructed to alternately open or close the first attachment part (1) or the second attachment part (2) when the armature moves, and the damping spring (8) provides damping when closing the first attachment part (1) and / or the second attachment part (2).

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The method further comprises: A stop for the second closing part (7b) is constructed (S135) by means of an edge forging portion of the armature (5) to ensure that the first closing part (7a), the second closing part (7b) and the damping spring (8) arranged between the first closing part and the second closing part are fixed in the cylindrical cavity of the armature (5).

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