Method for optimizing intestinal tract / rumen flora structure of ruminant by using Asparagi margarita thallus

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for optimizing the intestinal tract / rumen flora structure of a ruminant by using an asparagi margarita thallus. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the phyllodium hemsleyanum is used as a feed to be added into a daily feed for the ruminants, and the intestinal tract / rumen flora structure of the ruminants is obviously improved by using the method disclosed by the invention. The method obviously improves animal immunity, improves animal meat quality, and has no obvious side effect after long-term feeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-value application of seaweed, and in particular to a method for optimizing the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants using Asparagus thallus thallus. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the economy and society and the demand for beef and mutton products, the scale of ruminant farming such as cattle and sheep in my country continues to expand. According to statistics, at the end of 2022, my country's cattle inventory was 102.1585 million, sheep inventory was 326.2726 million, and camel inventory was 541,400. Therefore, as the scale of ruminant farming in my country continues to expand, my country's demand for ruminant feed is growing. Data shows that in 2023, my country's ruminant feed production was 16.715 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 3.4%.

[0003] In addition, as the scale of breeding continues to expand, farmed animals will cause huge economic losses due to diseases. Diseases of ruminants such as cattle and sheep, especially rumen diseases, include diphtheria, gastric ulcers, rumination disorders, etc. These diseases are generally caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, etc. Therefore, the prevention and control of ruminant diseases is particularly important. However, many farmers focus on treatment and neglect prevention, and use drugs indiscriminately. They do not know how to adjust the nutrition of daily feeding, which causes the growth and development of farmed animals to be slow or even die, resulting in economic losses.

[0004] Studies have shown that deworming, regulating rumen function, and paying attention to intestinal health during daily feeding can effectively prevent and treat diseases in ruminants such as cattle and sheep. Ruminant feed is a type of feed designed specifically for ruminants. The uniqueness of ruminants is that they have a multi-stomach digestive system, so there are unique microorganisms in the rumen to help them digest. In view of this special digestive ability of ruminants, microbial components consistent with their stomach environment need to be added to the feed, so that livestock can maintain their unique stomach environment while eating, improve their physique, and enhance their disease resistance. At present, ruminant feed can be mainly divided into three categories: concentrate feed, roughage, and supplementary feed. Among them, roughage mainly includes alfalfa, oat grass, and corn silage, which have a high fiber content; concentrate feed is a low-fiber feed, mainly composed of corn and soybean meal; supplementary feed can supplement the minerals and vitamins needed by ruminants, which helps to improve nutritional quality.

[0005] Therefore, ruminant feed should focus on the concept of increasing efficiency and health, and design ingredients around raising good bacteria, inhibiting harmful bacteria, and utilizing the balance of flora to benefit the gastrointestinal digestion and immunity of animals, so as to ensure the health of animals, achieve less illness, fast weight gain, high milk production, and good meat quality. The present invention provides a method for optimizing the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants using Asparagus fronds. The method uses active ingredients derived from seaweed and is supplemented with other daily feeds. The results show that it has a good regulatory effect on the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants, and promotes the improvement of the flora structure, which is very beneficial to the growth and development of ruminants. The present invention has good market application prospects. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants, collecting artificially cultured Asparagus thallus, washing them, crushing them with a crusher, and then freeze-drying or spray-drying them and mixing them with other feeds. The obtained feed has a good effect of improving the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants, and the method has good application prospects.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for improving the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0009] Artificially cultured Asparagus japonicus thallus are collected, washed, and then crushed using a crusher, and then freeze-dried or spray-dried and mixed with other feeds to prepare supplementary feed, which is then fed to ruminants every morning.

[0010] The following is a description of the invention:

[0011] The Asparagus thallus can significantly increase the number of probiotics in the intestine / rumen of ruminants and reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria, thereby significantly increasing the abundance of intestinal / rumen microorganisms to improve the intestinal / rumen flora structure.

[0012] The Asparagus thallus is obtained by crushing and drying after being harvested from indoor artificial cultivation;

[0013] The Asparagus fronds contain 0.2%-0.4% unsaturated fatty acids, 35%-45% polysaccharides, 10%-25% proteins and 0.15%-0.25% bromoform;

[0014] The indoor artificial culture conditions are: temperature: 18-30°C, light intensity: 100-150Lux, culture medium: PES culture medium (1-2%, v%);

[0015] The crushing and drying is to use a crusher to crush the washed Asparagus thallus at 0-10 degrees and a rotation speed of 4000-6000 for 10-20 minutes, and then freeze-dry or spray-dry.

[0016] The method for optimizing the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants is as follows: 5%-15% of the mass of Asparagus cochinchinensis thallus powder is mixed with other feeds to make supplementary feed, and the mass percentage of the supplementary feed given to ruminants is 10-12% of the mass percentage of the base feed, preferably 10%.

[0018] The time for giving the supplementary feed to the ruminant is preferably in the morning.

[0019] The other feeds are: 40%-60% corn flour, 5%-15% soybean meal, 5%-15% bran, 2%-5% feed additives, 0.5%-1% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2%-0.6% stone powder, and 10%-20% laver filamentous body polysaccharide MY.

[0020] The feed additives are: vitamin A-1000000IU / kg, vitamin E-200mg / kg, vitamin K-25mg / kg, vitamin B1-20mg / kg, copper-100mg / kg, iron-800mg / kg, zinc-1200mg / kg, manganese-1000mg / kg, and selenium-500mg / kg.

[0021] The laver filamentous body polysaccharide MY has a molecular weight of 486-520 kDa.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. The present invention is an artificial cultivation of seaweed, which is non-toxic, highly efficient and has a good improvement effect.

[0024] 2. The method of the present invention can promote the growth of probiotics, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, improve the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants, be beneficial to the gastrointestinal digestion and immunity of animals, ensure the health of animals, achieve less illness, fast weight gain, high milk production, and good meat quality.

[0025] Explanation of the attached table

[0026] Table 1 shows the experimental results on the effects of animal feeding on the structure of intestinal / rumen flora. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to better understand the essence of the present invention, the following embodiments of the present invention will be used to illustrate a method of improving the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0028] Embodiment 1:

[0029] (1) Preparation of Asparagus thallus powder

[0030] The Asparagus japonicus cultured for 25 days at a temperature of 25±1°C, a light intensity of 150Lux, and the addition of PES culture medium (2%, v%) was removed and washed with water. The washed Asparagus japonicus thallus was then crushed using a crusher at 5°C and a speed of 6000rt / min for 15 minutes, and then freeze-dried to obtain the Asparagus japonicus thallus algae powder.

[0031] (2) Preparation of mixed feed of Asparagus thallus

[0032] 10% of the Asparagus thallus algae powder prepared in step (1) of the supplementary feed is uniformly mixed with 55% corn flour, 5% soybean meal, 10% bran, 3% feed additives (vitamin A-1000000 IU / kg, vitamin E-200 mg / kg, vitamin K-25 mg / kg, vitamin B1-20 mg / kg, copper-100 mg / kg, iron-800 mg / kg, zinc-1200 mg / kg, manganese-1000 mg / kg, selenium-500 mg / kg), 0.5% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% stone powder, and 16% laver filamentous polysaccharide MY1, and the mixture is granulated and packaged to obtain a feed that improves the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants.

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] (1) Preparation of Asparagus thallus powder

[0035] The Asparagus japonicus cultured for 25 days at a temperature of 25±1°C, a light intensity of 150Lux, and the addition of PES culture medium (2%, v%) was removed and washed with water. The washed Asparagus japonicus thallus was then crushed using a crusher at 10°C and a speed of 4000rt / min for 15 minutes, and then freeze-dried to obtain the Asparagus japonicus thallus algae powder.

[0036] (2) Preparation of mixed feed of Asparagus thallus

[0037] 5% of the Asparagus thallus algae powder prepared in step (1) of the supplementary feed is mixed evenly with 55% corn flour, 10% soybean meal, 10% bran, 3% feed additives (vitamin A-1000000IU / kg, vitamin E-200mg / kg, vitamin K-25mg / kg, vitamin B1-20mg / kg, copper-100mg / kg, iron-800mg / kg, zinc-1200mg / kg, manganese-1000mg / kg, selenium-500mg / kg), 0.5% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% stone powder, and 16% Porphyra filamentous polysaccharide MY, and the mixture is granulated and packaged to obtain a feed that improves the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants.

[0038] Embodiment 3:

[0039] (1) Preparation of Asparagus thallus powder

[0040] The Asparagus japonicus cultured for 25 days at a temperature of 25±1°C, a light intensity of 150Lux, and the addition of PES culture medium (2%, v%) were fished out and washed with water. The washed Asparagus japonicus thallus were then crushed using a crusher at 0°C and a speed of 5000rt / min for 15 minutes, and then freeze-dried to obtain the Asparagus japonicus thallus algae powder.

[0041] (2) Preparation of mixed feed of Asparagus thallus

[0042] 15% of the Asparagus thallus algae powder prepared in step (1) of the supplementary feed is uniformly mixed with 50% corn flour, 5% soybean meal, 10% bran, 3% feed additives (vitamin A-1000000 IU / kg, vitamin E-200 mg / kg, vitamin K-25 mg / kg, vitamin B1-20 mg / kg, copper-100 mg / kg, iron-800 mg / kg, zinc-1200 mg / kg, manganese-1000 mg / kg, selenium-500 mg / kg), 0.5% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% stone powder, and 16% Porphyra filamentous polysaccharide MY, and the mixture is granulated and packaged to obtain a feed that improves the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants.

[0043] Comparative Example 1:

[0044] 60% corn flour, 10% soybean meal, 10% bran, 3% feed additives (vitamin A-1000000IU / kg, vitamin E-200mg / kg, vitamin K-25mg / kg, vitamin B1-20mg / kg, copper-100mg / kg, iron-800mg / kg, zinc-1200mg / kg, manganese-1000mg / kg, selenium-500mg / kg), 0.5% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5% stone powder, and 16% laver filamentous polysaccharide MY are mixed evenly, granulated, and measured and packaged to obtain a control feed.

[0045] Comparative Example 2:

[0046] (1) Preparation of Asparagus thallus powder

[0047] The preparation of Asparagus thallus algae powder is the same as in Example 1.

[0048] (2) Preparation of mixed feed of Asparagus thallus

[0049] 5% of the Asparagus thallus algae powder prepared in step (1) of the supplementary feed is uniformly mixed with 65% corn flour, 16% soybean meal, 10% bran, 3% feed additives (vitamin A-1000000 IU / kg, vitamin E-200 mg / kg, vitamin K-25 mg / kg, vitamin B1-20 mg / kg, copper-100 mg / kg, iron-800 mg / kg, zinc-1200 mg / kg, manganese-1000 mg / kg, selenium-500 mg / kg), 0.5% calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 0.5% stone powder, and the mixture is granulated and packaged to obtain a feed that improves the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants.

[0050] Animal Experimentation:

[0051] Select 20 3-month-old small-tailed Han sheep rams with qualified quarantine and weighing 40±1kg. The experimental sheep are divided into 4 groups, 5 in each group. On top of 3000 grams of basic feed per meal, experimental group 1 is fed 300 grams of feed prepared in Example 1 (given at 7:00 am), experimental group 2 is fed 300 grams of feed prepared in Example 1 (given at 19:00 pm), control group 1 is fed 300 grams of feed prepared in Example 1 (given at 7:00 am), control group 2 is fed 300 grams of feed prepared in Example 2 (given at 7:00 am), other basic feeds are fed normally, fed 3 times a day (respectively at 7:00 am, 13:00 pm, and 19:00 pm), free to eat, free to drink water all day. Natural lighting, thorough disinfection once every 5 days, replacement of bedding once, to ensure sanitation and animal welfare health. The experimental period is 2 weeks.

[0052] Sample collection:

[0053] On the first day after the end of the experiment, the rumen fluid of the test sheep was collected using a rumen fluid sampler before morning feeding, and the collected rumen contents were filtered through 4 layers of sterile gauze. The filtrate was transferred into a cryopreservation tube and immediately transferred to a -80℃ refrigerator for freezing and storage.

[0054] DNA extraction, PCR amplification and sequencing:

[0055] DNA extraction was performed using a kit method according to the instructions. After integrity and purity testing, the extracted DNA was amplified using universal primers 341F (5'-CCTAYGGGRBGCASCAG) and 806R (5'-GGACTACNNGGGTATCTAAT) to amplify the V3-V4 region of the 16SrRNA gene. The amplified sequence was quality controlled and sequenced by Mi Seq high-throughput sequencing. Data analysis was performed using SPASS software.

[0056] From the animal experimental results in Table 1, it can be seen that the distribution of rumen flora in both the control group and the experimental group mainly includes Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Synergistota, etc., accounting for more than 90% of the total microbial content. At the phylum level, the content of Bacteroidetes, Synergistota and Desulfobacterota increased in the group fed with supplementary feed supplemented with Asparagus thallus, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Spirochaetae and Cyanobacteria was reduced. The effect of feeding supplementary feed supplemented with Asparagus thallus in the morning on the improvement of rumen flora in ruminants is better than feeding in the evening.

[0057] The above description is merely an example of how the method of the present invention can improve the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants, but the present invention is not limited to the above example.

[0058] Table 1. Distribution of rumen flora in the control group and experimental group (%)

[0059]

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants using Asparagus thallus, characterized in that: (1) Preparation of Asparagus thallus algae powder The Asparagus thallus cultured for 25 days at a temperature of 18-30° C. and a light intensity of 50-150 Lux and a PES culture medium (1-2%, v%) was removed and washed with water. The washed Asparagus thallus was crushed with a crusher at 0-10° C. and a rotation speed of 4000-6000 rt / min for 10-20 minutes, and then freeze-dried to obtain the Asparagus thallus algae powder. (2) Preparation of mixed feed of Asparagus thallus 5-15% of the Asparagus thallus algae powder prepared in step (1) is mixed with other feeds to prepare supplementary feed, and then pelletized to obtain feed that improves the intestinal / rumen flora structure of ruminants.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Asparagus thallus contains 0.2%-0.4% unsaturated fatty acids, 35%-45% polysaccharides, 10%-25% proteins and 0.15%-0.25% bromoform.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Asparagus thallus powder is mixed with other feeds to prepare supplementary feed. On the basis of basic feed, the supplementary feed given to ruminants is 10-12% by mass of the basic feed, preferably 10%.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The time for giving the supplementary feed to the ruminant is preferably between 6:00 and 8:00 in the morning.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other feeds are: 40%-60% corn flour, 5%-15% soybean meal, 5%-15% bran, 2%-5% feed additives, 0.5%-1% calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2%-0.6% stone powder, and 10%-20% laver filamentous body polysaccharide MY.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed additives are: vitamin A-1000000IU / kg, vitamin E-200mg / kg, vitamin K-25mg / kg, vitamin B1-20mg / kg, copper-100mg / kg, iron-800mg / kg, zinc-1200mg / kg, manganese-1000mg / kg, and selenium-500mg / kg.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laver filamentous body polysaccharide MY has a molecular weight of 486-520 kDa.

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