Device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic specimen and use method of device

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for automatic grinding and polishing of a metallographic specimen and a using method of the device, and belongs to the technical field of metallographic machining.The device for automatic grinding and polishing of the metallographic specimen comprises a workbench and further comprises a rotating base, a rotating shaft, a driving device and a driving device, the rotating base comprises a bottom plate rotationally connected with the workbench, a rotating rod fixedly connected with the bottom plate and a top plate connected with the end, away from the bottom plate, of the rotating rod. A first motor used for driving the rotating rod to rotate is arranged in the workbench. The grinding and polishing mechanism comprises a plurality of grinding and polishing parts circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the top plate and a driving part for driving the plurality of grinding and polishing parts to synchronously work; and a mounting base; grinding and polishing are combined into a whole, rough grinding, accurate grinding and polishing can be completed through one-time sample clamping, time and labor are saved, the metallographic phase machining effect is guaranteed, a metallographic phase is automatically clamped and fixed in angle adjustment, the workload of workers is further reduced, and the metallographic phase machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallographic processing, and in particular to a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of material research, metallographic observation and analysis is one of the important ways to study the properties of metal materials. The quality of metallographic specimens has a direct impact on the results of metallographic observation. At present, in most universities or research institutions, metallographic specimens are still made by manual operation, cutting the specimen blanks, embedding the specimens in the outer mold with mounting powder, and then the operator grinds the mounted specimens on sandpaper after the mounting powder solidifies.

[0003] During the grinding process, the sandpaper needs to be replaced five times in the order of coarseness and fineness. Each time the sandpaper is replaced, the grinding surface of the sample is rotated 90° to cover all the scratches from the previous grinding. After the grinding is completed, the sample is polished on the polishing machine. The whole process requires the replacement of sandpaper and polishing cloth, which is cumbersome, inefficient and labor-intensive. In addition, the grinding and polishing quality of the metallographic sample is closely related to the operator's proficiency, and it is difficult to ensure the flatness of the grinding and polishing surface. At the same time, when the sample is hand-held and ground, the fingers of inexperienced operators can easily touch the sandpaper, causing scratches on their nails or even fingers, and the safety factor of manual operation is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and a method of using the same.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising a workbench and: A rotating seat, the rotating seat is rotatably connected to the workbench, the rotating seat comprises a bottom plate rotatably connected to the workbench, a rotating rod fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and a top plate connected to an end of the rotating rod away from the bottom plate, and a first motor for driving the rotating rod to rotate is arranged in the workbench; A grinding and polishing mechanism, the grinding and polishing mechanism comprising a plurality of grinding and polishing parts uniformly distributed on the top plate in a circumferential manner and a driving member for driving the plurality of grinding and polishing parts to work synchronously; and A mounting seat, wherein a connecting seat is provided between the mounting seat and the workbench, and a metallographic sample is placed in the mounting seat; Wherein, a material discharge port for lowering metallographic samples is provided on the top plate, and the material discharge port is placed between two adjacent grinding and polishing parts.

[0006] Preferably, the grinding and polishing part includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the top plate and a mounting plate fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, wherein a polishing wheel is mounted on the mounting plate of one of the grinding and polishing parts, and grinding sandpaper is mounted on the mounting plates of the other grinding and polishing parts, the grinding sandpaper on several mounting plates of the grinding and polishing parts have different roughness, and the abrasive grains of the grinding sandpaper of the multiple grinding and polishing parts are arranged in sequence from coarse to fine along the circumferential direction of the top plate.

[0007] Preferably, the driving member includes a second motor fixed on the top plate, the second motor is connected to the rotating shaft of one of the polishing parts, a driving gear is provided on the rotating shaft of each polishing part, and an upper gear ring meshing with the driving gear is rotatably connected to the top plate.

[0008] Preferably, an annular plate is fixedly provided on the bottom plate, a lower gear ring is fixedly provided on the top of the annular plate, and a driven gear meshing with the lower gear ring is provided on the mounting seat.

[0009] Preferably, the mounting seat is slidably connected to the base plate, and a ball bearing that movably contacts the base plate is disposed at the bottom of the mounting seat.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting seat includes ear plates respectively arranged on the mounting seat and the workbench and a first elastic telescopic rod arranged between the two ear plates, a groove is opened at the bottom of the mounting seat, an upper protrusion is fixed in the groove, and a lower protrusion that movably resists the upper protrusion is arranged on the bottom plate.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting seat includes a base fixedly connected to the driven gear, a plurality of elastic blocks fixedly mounted on the base, and a rubber gasket fixedly connected to the elastic blocks. The plurality of elastic blocks and the top of the base together form a placement cavity for placing metallographic samples. The groove is provided at the bottom of the base, and the upper ear plate of the connecting seat is connected to the base.

[0012] Preferably, an L-shaped connecting rod is fixed to the side of the workbench, and a sleeve is connected to the end of the L-shaped connecting rod away from the workbench. The sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the mounting seat, and the inner wall of the sleeve is set as a conical surface, and the outer wall of the elastic block is opened as an inclined extrusion surface that is movably opposed to the conical surface.

[0013] Preferably, the base includes an upper seat body and a lower seat body, an adjusting screw is threadedly connected in the lower seat body, and the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the upper seat body.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a method for using the device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising the following steps: S1: Initially, the material discharge port of the top plate is aligned with the lower mounting seat, and the staff places the metallographic sample from the material discharge port into the placement cavity formed by a number of elastic blocks; S2: Then, the first motor is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the first motor drives the rotating rod to rotate. When the rotating rod rotates, the rotating seat is driven to rotate relative to the workbench. When the rotating seat rotates, the lower gear ring is driven to rotate through the bottom plate. The lower gear ring is meshed with the driven gear on the lower side of the mounting seat, so that the driven gear drives the mounting seat and the metallographic sample placed inside the mounting seat to rotate, thereby changing the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample; S3: As the rotating seat continues to rotate, the lower protrusion on the bottom plate gradually approaches and abuts against the upper protrusion on the lower side of the base, and the upper protrusion is forced to drive the base to move upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod is pulled upward, so that the base drives the metallographic sample on the upper side to move upward and gradually approach the mounting plate; After the base is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve, and the elastic block is forced to drive the rubber gasket to approach the metallographic sample, so that the elastic block cooperates with the rubber gasket to automatically clamp the metallographic sample; S4: When the lower protrusion abuts against the end points of the upper protrusion, the top surface of the clamped metallographic sample abuts against the grinding sandpaper with the largest abrasive grains; S5: Then the second motor is controlled to operate, the output shaft of the second motor drives the rotating shaft of one of the grinding and polishing parts to rotate, the driving gear on the rotating shaft is meshed with the upper gear ring on the top plate for transmission, the upper gear ring drives the driving gears on the remaining rotating shafts to rotate, so that several grinding and polishing parts work at the same time, and the grinding sandpaper with the largest abrasive grains preliminarily grinds the clamped metallographic sample; S6: S2-S3 are then repeated, so that the rotating seat rotates in a circle to drive another grinding sandpaper to abut against the clamped metallographic sample after the rotation angle, and S5 is repeated to complete further fine grinding of the metallographic sample; S7: Repeat S6 until the grinding sandpaper with the smallest abrasive particles has finished grinding the metallographic sample, thereby achieving fine grinding after rough grinding of the metallographic sample, and repeat S2-S3 again. At this time, the rotating seat drives the grinding and polishing part equipped with the polishing wheel to be placed on the upper side of the metallographic sample, and the bottom side of the polishing wheel abuts against the upper side of the metallographic sample, and the second motor is controlled to run, so that the polishing wheel polishes the metallographic sample.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and a method for using the same, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and the method for using the same integrate grinding and polishing into one. The metallographic sample only needs to be clamped and the rotating seat is controlled to rotate intermittently, so that the multiple grinding and polishing parts on the rotating seat perform rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing on the metallographic sample in turn, thereby completing the grinding and polishing of the metallographic sample. The whole process is simple and convenient to operate, which solves the time-consuming and labor-intensive problems of the existing process, saves time and manpower, and ensures the metallographic processing effect and processing efficiency.

[0016] 2. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and the method for using the same, by controlling the operation of the first motor, the output shaft of the first motor drives the rotating rod to rotate, and when the rotating rod rotates, the rotating seat is driven to rotate relative to the workbench, so that the grinding sandpaper with smaller abrasive particles moves to the upper side of the metallographic structure, and when the rotating seat rotates, the lower gear ring is driven to rotate through the bottom plate, and the lower gear ring is meshed with the driven gear on the lower side of the mounting seat for transmission, so that the driven gear drives the mounting seat and the metallographic sample placed inside the mounting seat to rotate, and the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample is changed, so that the grinding sandpaper with smaller abrasive particles performs a new round of grinding on the metallographic structure after the angle is changed, so that the scratches caused by the previous round of grinding are covered up, thereby ensuring the metallographic grinding effect.

[0017] 3. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and the method for using the same are as follows: after the metallographic sample is polished in a grinding and polishing part, the rotating seat initially rotates, the lower protrusion on the bottom plate is gradually separated from the upper protrusion on the lower side of the base, and the base is forced to move downward under the elastic force of the first elastic telescopic rod, thereby instantly separating the metallographic sample on the top of the base from the grinding sandpaper on the upper side, avoiding the top surface of the metallographic sample and the bottom surface of the grinding sandpaper from moving on the same horizontal plane, so that the grinding sandpaper and the metallographic sample are always in contact during displacement, resulting in wear marks in other directions on the top surface of the polished metallographic sample, so that the grinding of the grinding sandpaper is performed in the same direction each time, ensuring the consistency of the scratch direction.

[0018] 4. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples and the method for using the same are as follows: when the position of the grinding and polishing part is about to be adjusted, the lower protrusion on the bottom plate gradually approaches and abuts against the upper protrusion on the lower side of the base, and the upper protrusion is forced to drive the base to move upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod is pulled upward, so that the base drives the upper metallographic sample to move upward and gradually approach the mounting plate. After the base is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve, and the elastic block is forced to drive the rubber gasket to approach the metallographic sample, so that the elastic block cooperates with the rubber gasket to automatically clamp the metallographic sample, and no manual intervention is required in the middle, which can effectively protect the safety of the staff, reduce the workload of the staff, and thus improve the processing efficiency of the metallographic sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle part; Figure 3 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle B part; Figure 5 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 3 ; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the top plate of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle C part; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure of the middle D part; Fig.10 The structure of the mounting base of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Fig.11 The structure of the mounting base of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0020] In the figure: 1, workbench; 2, rotating seat; 201, bottom plate; 2011, annular plate; 2012, lower protrusion; 202, rotating rod; 203, top plate; 2031, feeding port; 3, first motor; 4, grinding sandpaper; 5, polishing wheel; 6, mounting seat; 7, connecting seat; 8, metallographic sample; 9, rotating shaft; 901, mounting plate; 10, second motor; 1001, driving gear; 1002, upper gear ring; 11, lower gear ring; 111, driven gear; 12, ball bearing; 13, ear plate; 131, first elastic telescopic rod; 14, groove; 141, upper protrusion; 15, base; 151, elastic block; 152, rubber gasket; 153, upper seat body; 154, lower seat body; 155, adjusting screw; 16, L-shaped connecting rod; 161, sleeve seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-9 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising a workbench 1, and also comprising: The rotating seat 2 is rotatably connected to the workbench 1. The rotating seat 2 includes a bottom plate 201 rotatably connected to the workbench 1, a rotating rod 202 fixedly connected to the bottom plate 201, and a top plate 203 connected to an end of the rotating rod 202 away from the bottom plate 201. A first motor 3 for driving the rotating rod 202 to rotate is provided in the workbench 1; A grinding and polishing mechanism, the grinding and polishing mechanism comprising a plurality of grinding and polishing parts evenly distributed on the top plate 203 in a circumferential manner and a driving member for driving the plurality of grinding and polishing parts to work synchronously; and A mounting seat 6, a connecting seat 7 is provided between the mounting seat 6 and the workbench 1, and a metallographic sample 8 is placed in the mounting seat 6; A material discharge port 2031 for lowering the metallographic sample 8 is provided on the top plate 203 , and the material discharge port 2031 is disposed between two adjacent grinding and polishing parts.

[0024] Furthermore, an annular plate 2011 is fixedly provided on the bottom plate 201 , a lower gear ring 11 is fixedly provided on the top of the annular plate 2011 , and a driven gear 111 meshing with the lower gear ring 11 is provided on the mounting seat 6 .

[0025] Specifically, initially, the material discharge port 2031 of the top plate 203 is directly opposite to the lower mounting seat 6. The staff member places the metallographic sample 8 from the material discharge port 2031 into the mounting seat 6, and then controls the first motor 3 to run intermittently. The output shaft of the first motor 3 drives the rotating rod 202 to rotate. When the rotating rod 202 rotates, it drives the rotating seat 2 to rotate relative to the workbench 1. When the rotating seat 2 rotates, it drives the lower gear ring 11 to rotate through the bottom plate 201. The lower gear ring 11 is meshed with the driven gear 111 on the lower side of the mounting seat 6 for transmission, so that the driven gear 111 drives the mounting seat 6 and the mounting seat 1. 6, the metallographic sample 8 placed inside rotates to change the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample 8, so that the grinding and polishing part with smaller abrasive grains performs a new round of grinding on the metallographic structure after the angle is changed, so that the scratches generated by the previous round of grinding are covered up, ensuring the metallographic grinding effect, and the multiple grinding and polishing parts on the rotating seat 2 perform rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing on the metallographic sample 8 in turn, so as to complete the overall grinding and polishing work of the metallographic sample 8. The whole process is simple and convenient to operate, and grinding and polishing are integrated into one, which solves the time-consuming and labor-intensive problems of the existing process, saves time and manpower, and ensures the metallographic processing effect and processing efficiency.

[0026] Example 2: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7, a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. On the basis of Example 1, further, the grinding and polishing part includes a rotating shaft 9 rotatably connected to the top plate 203 and a mounting plate 901 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 9, a polishing wheel 5 is installed on the mounting plates 901 of one of the grinding and polishing parts, and grinding sandpaper 4 is installed on the mounting plates 901 of the other grinding and polishing parts. The grinding sandpaper 4 on several mounting plates 901 of the grinding and polishing parts has different roughness, and the abrasive grains of the grinding sandpaper 4 of the multiple grinding and polishing parts are arranged in sequence from coarse to fine along the circumferential direction of the top plate 203.

[0027] Specifically, the grinding sandpapers 4 on each grinding and polishing part are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the top plate 203 from coarse to fine abrasive particles. For example, the abrasive particles on each grinding sandpaper 4 can be set to 180 mesh, 300 mesh, 600 mesh, 1000 mesh and 1500 mesh in sequence, and the polishing wheel 5 is placed between the two grinding sandpapers 4 with the largest and smallest abrasive particles.

[0028] Example 3: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. On the basis of Example 2, further, the driving member includes a second motor 10 fixed on the top plate 203, the second motor 10 is connected to the rotating shaft 9 of one of the grinding and polishing parts, and a driving gear 1001 is provided on the rotating shaft 9 of each grinding and polishing part. An upper gear ring 1002 meshing with the driving gear 1001 is rotatably connected to the top plate 203.

[0029] Specifically, the second motor 10 is controlled to run, and the output shaft of the second motor 10 drives the rotating shaft 9 of one of the grinding and polishing parts to rotate. The driving gear 1001 on the rotating shaft 9 is meshed with the upper gear ring 1002 on the top plate 203 for transmission. The upper gear ring 1002 drives the driving gears 1001 on the remaining rotating shafts 9 to rotate, so that several grinding and polishing parts can work at the same time. In conjunction with the intermittent operation of the first motor 3, the rotating seat 2 drives each grinding and polishing part to move to the upper side of the metallographic sample 8 in the mounting seat 6 in turn, thereby completing the rough grinding, fine grinding and polishing of the metallographic sample 8.

[0030] Example 4: Reference Fig.10 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, based on Example 3, further, the mounting seat 6 is slidably connected to the base plate 201, and the bottom of the mounting seat 6 is provided with a ball 12 that movably contacts the base plate 201.

[0031] Specifically, when the first motor 3 is running and the rotating seat 2 rotates, the lower gear ring 11 is driven to rotate through the base plate 201. The lower gear ring 11 is meshed with the driven gear 111 on the lower side of the mounting seat 6 for transmission, so that the driven gear 111 drives the mounting seat 6 and the metallographic sample 8 placed inside the mounting seat 6 to rotate. When the mounting seat 6 and the base plate 201 move relative to each other, the mounting seat 6 abuts against the base plate 201 through the ball 12, thereby reducing the wear on the mounting seat 6 and the base plate 201 when moving, thereby ensuring the service life of the device.

[0032] Example 5: Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. On the basis of Example 4, further, the connecting seat 7 includes ear plates 13 respectively arranged on the mounting seat 6 and the workbench 1 and a first elastic telescopic rod 131 arranged between the two ear plates 13, a groove 14 is opened at the bottom of the mounting seat 6, an upper protrusion 141 is fixedly arranged in the groove 14, and a lower protrusion 2012 that movably resists the upper protrusion 141 is arranged on the bottom plate 201.

[0033] Specifically, when the metallographic sample 8 on the mounting seat 6 is being ground and polished, the upper protrusion 141 at the bottom of the mounting seat 6 abuts against the end of the lower protrusion 2012 on the bottom plate 201, and at this time, the top surface of the metallographic sample 8 contacts the bottom surface of the grinding sandpaper 4 or the polishing wheel 5. After the metallographic sample 8 is polished in one grinding and polishing part, the rotating seat 2 initially rotates, and the lower protrusion 2012 on the bottom plate 201 is gradually separated from the upper protrusion 141 on the lower side of the mounting seat 6. The mounting seat 6 is forced to reset and move downward under the elastic force of the first elastic telescopic rod 131, thereby causing the metallographic sample 8 on the top of the mounting seat 6 to be instantly separated from the grinding sandpaper 4 on the upper side, preventing the top surface of the metallographic sample 8 from moving on the same horizontal plane as the bottom surface of the grinding sandpaper 4 or the polishing wheel 5, so that the grinding sandpaper 4 is always in contact with the metallographic sample 8 during displacement, resulting in wear marks in other directions on the top surface of the polished metallographic sample 8, so that the grinding sandpaper 4 is polished in the same direction each time, ensuring the consistency of the scratch direction.

[0034] Example 6: Reference Figure 6-11 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. On the basis of Example 5, further, the mounting seat 6 includes a base 15 fixedly connected to the driven gear 111, a plurality of elastic blocks 151 fixedly arranged on the base 15, and a rubber gasket 152 fixedly connected to the elastic blocks 151. The plurality of elastic blocks 151 and the top of the base 15 are combined to form a placement cavity for placing the metallographic sample 8. The groove 14 is opened at the bottom of the base 15, and the upper side ear plate 13 of the connecting seat 7 is connected to the base 15.

[0035] Furthermore, an L-shaped connecting rod 16 is fixedly provided on the side of the workbench 1, and a sleeve 161 is connected to the end of the L-shaped connecting rod 16 away from the workbench 1. The sleeve 161 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting seat 6, and the inner wall of the sleeve 161 is set as a conical surface, and the outer wall of the elastic block 151 is opened as an inclined extrusion surface that is movably opposed to the conical surface.

[0036] Specifically, after the grinding and polishing parts are polished once, the rotating seat 2 adjusts the position of each grinding and polishing part. When the position of the grinding and polishing part is about to be adjusted, the lower protrusion 2012 on the bottom plate 201 gradually approaches and abuts against the upper protrusion 141 on the lower side of the base 15. The upper protrusion 141 is forced to drive the base 15 to move upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod 131 is pulled upward, so that the base 15 drives the upper metallographic sample 8 to move upward and gradually approach the mounting plate 901. After the base 15 is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block 151 abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve 161. The elastic block 151 is forced to drive the rubber gasket 152 to approach the metallographic sample 8, so that the elastic block 151 cooperates with the rubber gasket 152 to automatically clamp the metallographic sample 8. No manual intervention is required in the middle, which can effectively protect the safety of the staff, reduce the workload of the staff, and thus improve the processing efficiency of the metallographic sample.

[0037] Example 7: Reference Fig.10 , a device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples. On the basis of Example 5, further, the base 15 includes an upper seat body 153 and a lower seat body 154, and the lower seat body 154 is internally threadedly connected with an adjusting screw 155, and the adjusting screw 155 is rotatably connected to the upper seat body 153.

[0038] Specifically, for metallographic samples 8 of different heights, the overall height of the base 15 is adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw 155, and then the height of the metallographic sample 8 and the polishing part is adjusted, so that when the upper protrusion 141 abuts against the end surface of the lower protrusion 2012, the top surface of the metallographic sample 8 contacts the bottom surface of the grinding sandpaper 4 or the polishing wheel 5.

[0039] The present invention also discloses a method for using the device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising the following steps: S1: Initially, the material discharge port 2031 of the top plate 203 is directly opposite to the lower mounting seat 6, and the staff places the metallographic sample 8 from the material discharge port 2031 into the placement cavity surrounded by a plurality of elastic blocks 151; S2: Then, the first motor 3 is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the first motor 3 drives the rotating rod 202 to rotate. When the rotating rod 202 rotates, the rotating seat 2 is driven to rotate relative to the workbench 1. When the rotating seat 2 rotates, the lower gear ring 11 is driven to rotate through the bottom plate 201. The lower gear ring 11 is meshed with the driven gear 111 on the lower side of the mounting seat 6, so that the driven gear 111 drives the mounting seat 6 and the metallographic sample 8 placed inside the mounting seat 6 to rotate, thereby changing the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample 8; S3: As the rotating base 2 continues to rotate, the lower protrusion 2012 on the bottom plate 201 gradually approaches and abuts against the upper protrusion 141 on the lower side of the base 15, and the upper protrusion 141 is forced to drive the base 15 to move upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod 131 is pulled upward, so that the base 15 drives the metallographic sample 8 on the upper side to move upward and gradually approach the mounting plate 901; After the base 15 is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block 151 abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve 161, and the elastic block 151 is forced to drive the rubber gasket 152 to approach the metallographic sample 8, so that the elastic block 151 cooperates with the rubber gasket 152 to automatically clamp the metallographic sample 8; S4: When the lower protrusion 2012 abuts against the end point of the upper protrusion 141, the top surface of the clamped metallographic sample 8 abuts against the grinding sandpaper 4 with the largest abrasive grains; S5: Then the second motor 10 is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the second motor 10 drives the rotating shaft 9 of one of the grinding and polishing parts to rotate, and the driving gear 1001 on the rotating shaft 9 is meshed with the upper gear ring 1002 on the top plate 203 for transmission, and the upper gear ring 1002 drives the driving gears 1001 on the other rotating shafts 9 to rotate, so that several grinding and polishing parts work at the same time, and the grinding sandpaper 4 with the largest abrasive grains preliminarily grinds the clamped metallographic sample 8; S6: S2-S3 are then repeated, so that the rotating seat 2 rotates in a circle to drive another grinding sandpaper 4 to abut against the clamped metallographic sample 8 after the rotation angle, and S5 is repeated to complete further fine grinding of the metallographic sample 8; S7: Repeat S6 until the grinding sandpaper 4 with the smallest abrasive particles has finished grinding the metallographic sample 8, thereby achieving fine grinding after rough grinding of the metallographic sample 8, and repeat S2-S3 again. At this time, the rotating seat 2 drives the grinding and polishing part equipped with the polishing wheel 5 to be placed on the upper side of the metallographic sample 8, and the bottom side of the polishing wheel 5 abuts against the upper side of the metallographic sample 8. The second motor 10 is controlled to run, so that the polishing wheel 5 polishes the metallographic sample 8.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples, comprising a workbench (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A rotating seat (2), the rotating seat (2) being rotatably connected to the workbench (1), the rotating seat (2) comprising a bottom plate (201) rotatably connected to the workbench (1), a rotating rod (202) fixedly connected to the bottom plate (201), and a top plate (203) connected to an end of the rotating rod (202) away from the bottom plate (201), and a first motor (3) for driving the rotating rod (202) to rotate is arranged in the workbench (1); A grinding and polishing mechanism, the grinding and polishing mechanism comprising a plurality of grinding and polishing parts evenly distributed on the top plate (203) in a circumferential manner and a driving member for driving the plurality of grinding and polishing parts to work synchronously; and A mounting seat (6), a connecting seat (7) being arranged between the mounting seat (6) and the workbench (1), and a metallographic sample (8) being placed in the mounting seat (6); The top plate (203) is provided with a material discharge port (2031) for disposing the metallographic sample (8) thereon, and the material discharge port (2031) is disposed between two adjacent grinding and polishing parts.

2. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding and polishing section comprises a rotating shaft (9) rotatably connected to the top plate (203) and a mounting plate (901) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (9), wherein a polishing wheel (5) is mounted on one of the mounting plates (901) of the grinding and polishing section, and grinding sandpaper (4) is mounted on the mounting plates (901) of the other grinding and polishing sections, wherein the grinding sandpaper (4) on the mounting plates (901) of the grinding and polishing sections has different roughness, and the abrasive grains of the grinding sandpaper (4) of the plurality of grinding and polishing sections are sequentially arranged from coarse to fine along the circumferential direction of the top plate (203).

3. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving member comprises a second motor (10) fixedly mounted on the top plate (203), the second motor (10) being connected to a rotating shaft (9) of one of the grinding and polishing parts, a driving gear (1001) being arranged on the rotating shaft (9) of each of the grinding and polishing parts, and an upper gear ring (1002) meshing with the driving gear (1001) being rotatably connected to the top plate (203).

4. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular plate (2011) is fixedly provided on the bottom plate (201), a lower gear ring (11) is fixedly provided on the top of the annular plate (2011), and a driven gear (111) meshing with the lower gear ring (11) is provided on the mounting seat (6).

5. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting seat (6) is slidably connected to the bottom plate (201), and a ball (12) is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat (6) and is movably opposed to the bottom plate (201).

6. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting seat (7) comprises ear plates (13) respectively arranged on the mounting seat (6) and the workbench (1), and a first elastic telescopic rod (131) arranged between the two ear plates (13); a groove (14) is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat (6); an upper protrusion (141) is fixedly arranged in the groove (14); and a lower protrusion (2012) movably abutting against the upper protrusion (141) is provided on the bottom plate (201).

7. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting seat (6) comprises a base (15) fixedly connected to the driven gear (111), a plurality of elastic blocks (151) fixedly mounted on the base (15), and a rubber gasket (152) fixedly connected to the elastic blocks (151); the plurality of elastic blocks (151) and the top of the base (15) together form a placement cavity for placing a metallographic sample (8); the groove (14) is provided at the bottom of the base (15); and the upper side ear plate (13) of the connecting seat (7) is connected to the base (15).

8. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 7, characterized in that: An L-shaped connecting rod (16) is fixedly provided on the side of the workbench (1), and one end of the L-shaped connecting rod (16) away from the workbench (1) is connected to a sleeve (161), the sleeve (161) is sleeved on the outside of the mounting seat (6), and the inner side wall of the sleeve (161) is arranged as a conical surface, and the outer wall of the elastic block (151) is provided as an inclined extrusion surface that movably contacts the conical surface.

9. The device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base (15) comprises an upper base body (153) and a lower base body (154); the lower base body (154) is internally threadedly connected to an adjusting screw (155); and the adjusting screw (155) is rotatably connected to the upper base body (153).

10. A method for using the device for automatic grinding and polishing of metallographic samples according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Initially, the material discharge port (2031) of the top plate (203) is aligned with the lower mounting seat (6), and a worker places the metallographic sample (8) from the material discharge port (2031) into a placement cavity formed by a plurality of elastic blocks (151); S2: Then, the first motor (3) is controlled to operate, and the output shaft of the first motor (3) drives the rotating rod (202) to rotate. When the rotating rod (202) rotates, it drives the rotating seat (2) to rotate relative to the workbench (1). When the rotating seat (2) rotates, it drives the lower gear ring (11) to rotate through the bottom plate (201). The lower gear ring (11) is meshed with the driven gear (111) on the lower side of the mounting seat (6) for transmission, so that the driven gear (111) drives the mounting seat (6) and the metallographic sample (8) placed inside the mounting seat (6) to rotate, thereby changing the grinding and polishing angle of the metallographic sample (8); S3: As the rotating seat (2) continues to rotate, the lower protrusion (2012) on the bottom plate (201) and the upper protrusion (141) on the lower side of the base (15) gradually approach and abut against each other, the upper protrusion (141) is forced to drive the base (15) to move upward, and the first elastic telescopic rod (131) is pulled upward, so that the base (15) drives the metallographic sample (8) on the upper side to move upward and gradually approach the mounting plate (901); After the base (15) is lifted, the outer inclined extrusion surface of the elastic block (151) abuts against the conical surface of the inner wall of the sleeve (161), and the elastic block (151) is forced to drive the rubber gasket (152) to approach the metallographic sample (8), so that the elastic block (151) cooperates with the rubber gasket (152) to automatically clamp the metallographic sample (8); S4: When the end points of the lower protrusion (2012) and the upper protrusion (141) are in contact, the top surface of the clamped metallographic sample (8) is in contact with the grinding sandpaper (4) with the largest abrasive grains; S5: Then the second motor (10) is controlled to operate, the output shaft of the second motor (10) drives the rotating shaft (9) of one of the grinding and polishing parts to rotate, the driving gear (1001) on the rotating shaft (9) is meshed with the upper gear ring (1002) on the top plate (203) for transmission, the upper gear ring (1002) drives the driving gears (1001) on the other rotating shafts (9) to rotate, so that several grinding and polishing parts work simultaneously, and the grinding sandpaper (4) with the largest abrasive grains preliminarily grinds the clamped metallographic sample (8); S6: S2-S3 are then repeated, so that the rotating seat (2) rotates in a circle to drive another grinding sandpaper (4) to abut against the clamped metallographic sample (8) after the rotation angle, and S5 is repeated to complete further fine grinding of the metallographic sample (8); S7: S6 is repeated until the grinding sandpaper (4) with the smallest abrasive grains has finished grinding the metallographic sample (8), thereby achieving fine grinding of the metallographic sample (8) after rough grinding, and S2-S3 are repeated again. At this time, the rotating seat (2) drives the grinding and polishing part equipped with the polishing wheel (5) to be placed on the upper side of the metallographic sample (8), and the bottom side of the polishing wheel (5) is in contact with the upper side of the metallographic sample (8). The second motor (10) is controlled to operate, so that the polishing wheel (5) performs polishing work on the metallographic sample (8).

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