Biomass organic fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass organic fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production. The biomass organic fertilizer provided by the invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900 to 1100 parts of straw, 40 to 60 parts of wheat bran, 90 to 110 parts of broad leaves, 3 to 5 parts of urea, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of brown sugar, 0.08 to 0.13 part of insecticide, 3 to 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 8 to 12 parts of balanced compound fertilizer, 0.8 to 1.3 parts of organic material decomposition agent, 0.8 to 1.3 parts of active enzyme and 0.2 to 0.3 part of bone meal. The biomass organic fertilizer can be used in the planting process of the fritillaria taipaiensis, the harvesting period of the fritillaria taipaiensis can be shortened, the harvesting quality of seedlings and commodity fritillaria taipaiensis and the yield per mu are improved, and meanwhile agricultural waste resources are effectively converted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production, and specifically relates to a biomass organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fritillaria taipaiensis PYLi is one of the source species of the famous Sichuan native medicinal material Fritillaria taipaiensis, which has the effects of clearing heat and moistening the lungs, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, and dispersing nodules and eliminating carbuncles. Due to the over-exploitation of wild Fritillaria taipaiensis resources, the resources are gradually being depleted, and the contradiction between market supply and demand is becoming increasingly severe.

[0003] Fritillaria cirrhosa is suitable for growing in high altitude areas above 3,000 meters. Taibai Fritillaria is the only excellent variety of Fritillaria cirrhosa that is suitable for growing in mountainous areas with an altitude of about 2,000 meters among all the source species of Fritillaria cirrhosa. With the increasing implementation of the national policy on environmental protection, the traditional method of using high mountain humus soil for the cultivation of Taibai Fritillaria cirrhosa is no longer feasible, and the traditional production cost is too high, which seriously affects the industrial production of Taibai Fritillaria cirrhosa and the development progress is relatively slow. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a biomass organic fertilizer formula suitable for the cultivation of Taibai Fritillaria cirrhosa to ensure the quality and output of Taibai Fritillaria cirrhosa production and promote the sustainable development of Taibai Fritillaria cirrhosa. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a biomass organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems of slow growth and low yield of the existing Taibai Fritillaria.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a biomass organic fertilizer is provided, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900-1100 parts of straw, 40-60 parts of wheat bran, 90-110 parts of broadleaf leaves, 3-5 parts of urea, 0.5-1.5 parts of brown sugar, 0.08-0.13 parts of pesticide, 3-5 parts of superphosphate, 8-12 parts of balanced compound fertilizer, 0.8-1.3 parts of organic material decomposition agent, 0.8-1.3 parts of active enzyme and 0.2-0.3 parts of bone meal;

[0006] The balanced compound fertilizer is a 15-15-15 compound fertilizer;

[0007] The active enzymes include the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of protease, 5 parts of cellulase, 3 parts of nitrogenase, 2 parts of pectinase, 2 parts of xylanase and 1 part of phytase.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: after being decomposed and fermented, straw, wheat bran and broadleaf leaves not only provide large amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphuric acid and calcium for Taibai Fritillaria, but also contain trace elements, which can be decomposed and released by microorganisms for absorption and utilization by Fritillaria. At the same time, the humus formed after the above raw materials are fermented is an organic colloid, which has a strong ability to absorb water and retain fertilizer, and the water absorption rate is as high as 400-600% (the water absorption rate of general clay particles is 50-60%), and the fertilizer retention capacity is 6-10 times that of ordinary soil. In addition, the porosity and air permeability of clay soil can be improved, which is conducive to absorbing sunlight and increasing soil temperature; urea is mainly used as the main direct nitrogen source; brown sugar has more organic matter decomposed after fermentation, and its main function is to provide plants with a large amount of elements and organic matter necessary for growth, improve soil structure, and adjust soil pH to between 6.5 and 7.5, which is also the most suitable pH value for the growth of Taibai Fritillaria. Balanced compound fertilizer mainly provides plants with direct sources of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Superphosphate mainly provides plants with a direct calcium source. In addition to supplementing phosphorus and calcium for plants, bone meal can also improve the cold resistance and disease resistance of plants and promote flower bud differentiation. The main function of active enzymes is to promote the decomposition of raw materials and improve the nutritional value of organic fertilizers. Organic material composting agents include a variety of microorganisms and enzymes, which are mainly used for the fermentation of raw materials. Insecticides have a strong inhibitory effect on insects (eggs), especially on underground pests.

[0009] This biomass organic fertilizer can provide sufficient macro, medium and trace elements and organic matter for the seedling and growth stages of Fritillaria taibaiensis, promote its rapid growth, reduce the incidence of root rot and stem rot, shorten the growth years, and achieve the effect of increasing yield and ensuring the quality of medicinal efficacy.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0011] Furthermore, the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of straw, 50 parts of wheat bran, 100 parts of broad leaves, 4 parts of urea, 1 part of brown sugar, 0.1 part of insecticide, 4 parts of superphosphate, 10 parts of balanced compound fertilizer, 1 part of organic material composting agent, 1 part of active enzyme and 0.25 part of bone meal.

[0012] Furthermore, the main component of pesticides is organophosphate.

[0013] Furthermore, the main components of the organic material decomposing agent are Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces, Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps: mixing straw, wheat bran, broad leaves, urea, brown sugar, pesticide, superphosphate, balanced compound fertilizer, organic material decomposition agent, active enzyme and bone meal to obtain a mixed material, and performing composting fermentation to obtain the mixed material.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0016] Furthermore, the composting fermentation comprises the following steps: adjusting the moisture content of the mixed material to 50-60%, piling it into a pile, covering the surface with a film, and fermenting it; when the temperature rises to 65-70° C., turning and stirring it, and then continuing the fermentation for 90 days.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: a fermentation temperature of 65 to 70°C can promote the activity of microorganisms, accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and thus shorten the time of maturation. Within this temperature range, the activity of microorganisms is enhanced, and they can effectively decompose and transform organic matter. At the same time, high temperature also helps to kill harmful pathogens and parasite eggs in the raw materials, reducing the harm to plant growth. On the contrary, if the temperature is too low and the fermentation time is too long, the organic matter will not be fully decomposed. If the temperature is higher than 70°C, the main microorganisms in the fermentation will die, the enzymes will be inactivated, and the excessive decomposition of organic matter will also occur.

[0018] The present invention also provides an application of the biomass in the planting process of Fritillaria taibaiensis.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows:

[0020] Further, the planting method of Taibai Fritillaria comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1. Site selection: Select an open area at an altitude of 1500-2000m as the planting area, build a greenhouse, place a sunshade net above the greenhouse, and set up a spray system inside the greenhouse; plow the land and spray the soil with water to a thickness of 3-5cm;

[0022] S2. Seed cultivation:

[0023] Digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer: Level the land, dig trenches with a depth of 10 to 20 cm and a ridge width of 1 to 1.5 m, and spread 1 to 15 cm of biomass organic fertilizer on the ridge surface;

[0024] Sowing: Sow 200,000 to 350,000 seeds per mu evenly on the ridge surface, and then cover with 3 to 5 cm thick biomass organic fertilizer. After growing for 2 years, dig out the bulbs;

[0025] S3. Bulb transplanting:

[0026] Digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer: digging trenches with a depth of 10 to 20 cm and a ridge width of 1 to 1.5 m. Spread 5 to 30 cm of biomass organic fertilizer on the ridge surface or spread 800 to 1200 kg / mu of biomass organic fertilizer on the soil before digging trenches and mix well.

[0027] Transplanting: transplant the bulbs to the ridge surface and then cover them with 3 to 5 cm thick fertilizer; the fertilizer includes 0 to 50 parts of soil and 50 to 100 parts of biomass organic fertilizer in terms of weight ratio;

[0028] S4. Daily management: including field management, temperature and humidity control, shading, and pest and disease control;

[0029] S5. Digging: Harvest the pods when the above-ground parts are dry and the pods have not cracked; dig up the underground bulbs after the roots of the underground parts wither.

[0030] Furthermore, the seed sowing density is 300,000 seeds per mu.

[0031] Furthermore, the width of the ridge is 1.2 m.

[0032] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The biomass organic fertilizer provided by the present invention can effectively improve the soil, make the soil permeable, breathable, water-retaining, and not easy to compact, thereby improving the growth environment of Taibai Fritillaria, increasing the yield of Taibai Fritillaria and reducing the diseases of Taibai Fritillaria.

[0034] 2. The straw, wheat bran, broadleaf leaves and bone meal used in the present invention are agricultural waste resources, which saves resources and reduces the cost of organic fertilizers.

[0035] 3. The biomass organic fertilizer provided by the present invention improves the soil microenvironment, improves the soil self-repairing ability, reduces the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and at the same time, combined with production management methods such as sprinkler irrigation systems and shading measures, it can enable Taibai Fritillaria to be produced at a relatively low altitude (about 1500m), greatly improving the yield and quality of seedlings and commercial Fritillaria. Using the traditional cultivation method, Fritillaria takes 5 to 6 years to harvest, but after using biomass organic fertilizer, it is shortened to 4 years, and the per mu yield is increased by 38% compared with the traditional cultivation method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of seed cultivation in Application Example 1: trenching and spreading organic fertilizer;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the annual Fritillaria seedlings in the seed cultivation process of Application Example 1;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a two-year-old Fritillaria seedling during seed cultivation in Application Example 1;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of Fritillaria taibaiensis one year after the bulb was transplanted in Application Example 1;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of Fritillaria taibaiensis two years after the bulb was transplanted in Application Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The insecticide used in the embodiment of the present invention was purchased from Shandong Dongxin Biological Pesticide Co., Ltd., and its main component is organic phosphorus; the organic material decomposition agent was purchased from Hebei Dewoduo Fertilizer Co., Ltd., and its main components are Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces albus, Aspergillus niger, and Trichoderma reesei.

[0042] The balanced compound fertilizer is 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, purchased from an agricultural supply store.

[0043] The active enzyme is obtained by mixing the following components in weight ratio: 10 parts of protease, 5 parts of cellulase, 3 parts of nitrogenase, 2 parts of pectinase, 2 parts of xylanase and 1 part of phytase.

[0044] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, which are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, the conditions are carried out according to conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0045] Embodiment 1:

[0046] A biomass organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of corn stalks, 50 parts of wheat bran, 100 parts of oak leaves, 4 parts of urea, 1 part of brown sugar, 0.1 part of insecticide, 4 parts of superphosphate, 10 parts of balanced compound fertilizer, 1 part of organic material decomposing agent, 1 part of active enzyme, and 0.25 part of bone meal.

[0047] The preparation method of the biomass organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1: crush the straw to obtain powder segments with a particle size of less than 3 cm, mix the straw powder segments with wheat bran and broad leaves with water, then add urea, brown sugar, insecticide, superphosphate, balanced compound fertilizer, organic material decomposition agent, active enzyme, and bone meal, adjust the moisture to 55%, and then pile them into a pile of 2m long × 1.5m high, cover them with plastic cloth with ventilation holes, and ferment;

[0049] S2: When the fermentation temperature rises to 65°C, turn and stir, and then continue fermentation. When the temperature rises to 65°C again, turn and stir again. Repeat the above process and continue fermentation for 90 days to obtain biomass organic fertilizer.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] A biomass organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 900 parts of corn stalks, 40 parts of wheat bran, 0 parts of Cyclobalanopsis glauca leaves, 3 parts of urea, 0.5 parts of brown sugar, 0.08 parts of insecticide, 3 parts of superphosphate, 8 parts of balanced compound fertilizer, 0.8 parts of organic material decomposing agent, 0.8 parts of active enzyme and 0.2 parts of bone meal.

[0052] The preparation method of the biomass organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0053] S1: crush the straw to obtain powder segments with a particle size of less than 3 cm, mix the straw powder segments with wheat bran and broad leaves with water, then add urea, brown sugar, insecticide, superphosphate, balanced compound fertilizer, organic material decomposition agent, active enzyme, and bone meal, adjust the moisture to 50%, and then pile them into a pile of 2m long × 1.5m high, cover them with plastic cloth with ventilation holes, and ferment;

[0054] S2: When the fermentation temperature rises to 65°C, turn and stir, and then continue fermentation. When the temperature rises to 65°C again, turn and stir again. Repeat the above process and continue fermentation for 90 days to obtain biomass organic fertilizer.

[0055] Embodiment 3:

[0056] A biomass organic fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1100 parts of corn stalks, 60 parts of wheat bran, 110 parts of oak leaves, 5 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of brown sugar, 0.13 parts of insecticide, 5 parts of superphosphate, 12 parts of balanced compound fertilizer, 1.3 parts of organic material decomposing agent, 1.3 parts of active enzyme, and 0.3 parts of bone meal.

[0057] The preparation method of the biomass organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1: crush the straw to obtain powder segments with a particle size of less than 3 cm, mix the straw powder segments with wheat bran and broad leaves with water, then add urea, brown sugar, insecticide, superphosphate, balanced compound fertilizer, organic material decomposition agent, active enzyme, and bone meal, adjust the moisture to 60%, and then pile them into a pile of 2m long × 1.5m high, cover them with plastic cloth with ventilation holes, and ferment;

[0059] S2: When the fermentation temperature rises to 70°C, turn and stir, and then continue fermenting. When the temperature rises to 70°C again, turn and stir again. Repeat the above process and continue fermenting for 90 days to obtain biomass organic fertilizer.

[0060] The biomass organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have similar effects. The biomass organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was selected and applied to the planting process of Fritillaria taibaiensis to verify its effect.

[0061] Application Example 1:

[0062] The application of the biomass organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 in the production and planting process of Fritillaria taibaiensis comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1. Site selection: Set up a planting area in an open area at an altitude of 1500m. The soil in the planting area is loose and fertile, with sufficient sunlight. Build a greenhouse in the planting area, place a sunshade net above the greenhouse, and set up a spray system in the greenhouse. Rotary tillage the soil once in late September, with a depth of not less than 15 cm (to ensure that the tilled soil is fine and moist without large clods). After tilling, clean up the debris and spray water on the soil surface to moisten the soil to a thickness of 3 to 5 cm.

[0064] S2. Seed cultivation:

[0065] Ditching and laying organic fertilizer: In early October, the land in the greenhouse was leveled, and trenches were made according to the positions of the sprinkler nozzles in the greenhouse. The positions of the trenches were parallel to the positions of the sprinkler nozzles, with a depth of 15 cm. The direction of the trenches was noted to be conducive to drainage, and the width of the ridges was 1 m. The biomass organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was laid on the ridge surface to form a 1 m wide × 8 m long × 15 cm high compartment surface, and drainage was done between compartments, such as Figure 1 As shown;

[0066] Sowing: Spread 3,000,000 seeds / mu evenly on the greenhouse surface after low-temperature sand storage, and cover with 3-5 cm thick biomass organic fertilizer; water the greenhouse surface thoroughly for the first time, and then water and cool it down in time according to the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse. When it is higher than 25℃, it is necessary to cool down and control the humidity at 60%-70%; adjust the sunshade net in time according to the weather after the Fritillaria emerges, and keep the shade degree above 70% to protect the seedlings from direct sunlight and high temperature; 2 years later, in September, after the leaves and roots wither, dig out the bulbs;

[0067] S3. Bulb transplanting:

[0068] Digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer: Spread the biomass organic fertilizer on the ridge surface into a 1m wide × 8m long × 30cm high bed. Other operations are the same as the processing method of "S2. Seed cultivation: digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer";

[0069] Transplanting: Plant the 2-year-old bulbs with the bottom facing downwards on the bed surface, with a spacing of 5cm*6cm. After planting, cover them with 3-5cm thick biomass organic fertilizer and water them to ensure that they take root.

[0070] S4. Daily management: including field management, temperature and humidity control, shading, and pest and disease control;

[0071] Field management: according to the growth of weeds, timely use manual weeding, and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate water-soluble fertilizer during the vigorous growth period of plants;

[0072] Temperature and humidity control: During the growth of Fritillaria, the soil temperature should not exceed 25°C and the soil moisture content should not be less than 75%. When the temperature is high, pay special attention to the soil temperature and humidity, and open the cooling facilities in time;

[0073] Sunshade: After the Fritillaria thunbergii seedlings emerge in the greenhouse, the sunshade net should be adjusted in time according to the weather to avoid direct sunlight and seedling burn. Then, the seedlings should be hardened appropriately according to their growth. The shade degree should be maintained at 50% during the middle seedling stage and reduced to 30% during the large seedling stage.

[0074] Pest and disease control: Botrytis cinerea, damping-off, root rot, stem base rot, sclerotinia rot, and rust are important factors that cause the reduction of Fritillaria yield. Disease control should be carried out as early as possible during the growth period of Fritillaria according to the incidence of the disease;

[0075] S5. Digging: Harvest the pods in mid-to-late June 2 years after the bulbs are transplanted when the above-ground parts are dry and the pods have not cracked; then dig up the underground bulbs after the roots of the underground parts have withered, and select the seed-keeping part and the processing part according to the specifications in time after digging; soak the seed-keeping bulbs with carbendazim, metalaxyl / mefon-ethyl and thiamethoxam / perchlorpyrifos, dry them and store them in sand in a cool room.

[0076] Application Example 2:

[0077] The application of the biomass organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 in the production and planting process of Fritillaria taibaiensis comprises the following steps:

[0078] S1. Site selection: The processing method is the same as that of "S1. Site selection" in Application Example 1;

[0079] S2. Seed cultivation:

[0080] Digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer: dig trenches according to the positions of the sprinkler nozzles in the greenhouse. The trenches should be parallel to the positions of the sprinkler nozzles and the depth should not be less than 15 cm. Pay attention to the direction of the terrain. The trenching direction should be conducive to drainage. The ridge width should be 1.2 m. Level the ridge surface and spread 1 to 2 cm of biomass organic fertilizer on the ridge surface, and spread it flat with wooden planks.

[0081] Sowing: The processing method is the same as that of "S2. Seed cultivation: sowing" in Application Example 1;

[0082] S3. Bulb transplanting:

[0083] Digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer: Spread 5-6 cm of biomass organic fertilizer on the ridge surface. Other operations are the same as those in “S2. Seed cultivation: digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer”;

[0084] Transplanting: Spread 200,000 2-year-old bulbs evenly on the ridge surface at a rate of 1.5 to 2.5 cm thick biomass organic fertilizer, and water them to ensure that they take root.

[0085] S4. Daily management: The same processing method as "S4. Daily management" in Application Example 1;

[0086] S5. Excavation: The same processing method as "S5. Excavation" in Application Example 1;

[0087] Application Example 3:

[0088] The biomass organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 was mixed with the original soil in a ratio of 1:1 to obtain mixed soil, which was applied to the planting process of Fritillaria taibaiensis. The specific steps are as follows:

[0089] Except for S3. bulb transplantation, other processing methods are the same as those in Application Example 2. The specific steps of bulb transplantation in this application example are as follows:

[0090] Digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer: Spread biomass organic fertilizer in the planting area in the greenhouse, 1000kg per mu, and mix it evenly with a rotary tiller; dig trenches according to the position of the sprinkler nozzles in the greenhouse. The position of the trenches is parallel to the position of the sprinkler nozzles and the depth is not less than 15cm. Pay attention to the direction of the terrain. The direction of the trenches is conducive to drainage. The ridge width is 1.2m, and the ridge surface is leveled;

[0091] Transplanting: Spread 200,000 2-year-old bulbs evenly on the ridge surface at a rate of 1.5 to 2.5 cm thick mixed soil, and water them to ensure that they take root.

[0092] Comparative Example 1:

[0093] The biomass organic fertilizer used in Application Example 1 was replaced with sandy soil in the same area as the planting area, and the seeds were harvested 5 years after sowing. The other processing steps were the same as those in Application Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 2:

[0095] The biomass organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 is applied to the traditional planting process of Fritillaria taibaiensis, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0096] S1. Planting:

[0097] Seed propagation: harvest when the fruits are ripe from late June to early July, and select plump seeds for after-ripening treatment; mix the seeds with fine humus soil in a certain proportion, store them under low temperature conditions (below 5°C) for more than 30 days, and sow them in rows from late September to early October, with a furrow depth of 1.5 to 2 cm and covered with 3 cm of soil;

[0098] Bulb propagation: From August to September two years later, dig up two-year-old Taibai Fritillaria bulbs for transplanting, with a dosage of 60 kg per mu and a planting depth of 3.5 to 4.5 cm. Place the top of the bulb (heart bud) vertically upward, cover with soil, smooth the surface soil, and apply clean manure water;

[0099] S2. Maintenance and management:

[0100] Field management: Build a shade shed with a light transmittance of 70% on the transplanted field to prevent sun exposure, weed in time, apply 100 kg of the biomass organic fertilizer prepared in Example 1 per mu per year, and apply inorganic fertilizer in a timely manner;

[0101] Water management: irrigate 1-2 times during drought, irrigate thoroughly, and loosen the soil to prevent soil compaction. After entering the rainy season, keep the field well-drained to prevent bulb rot.

[0102] Pest and disease control: Pay attention to the prevention and control of damping-off, damping-off and root rot during the rainy season in summer. Bordeaux mixture or lime water can be used for root irrigation. Pesticides can be used to control wireworms, silkworms, beetle larvae and other pests.

[0103] S3. Harvesting:

[0104] Harvesting time: 3 years after bulb cultivation, harvest from August to September every year when the bulb is full and the above-ground flower stems are withered. Avoid mechanical damage during harvesting, remove residual stems, leaves, and roots, and store them properly.

[0105] Data logging observations:

[0106] During the cultivation process, record the appearance of the Taibai Fritillaria after seed cultivation and bulb transplantation. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the annual Fritillaria seedlings in the seed cultivation process of Application Example 1. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a two-year-old Fritillaria seedling during seed cultivation in Application Example 1. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of Taibai Fritillaria after bulb transplantation in Application Example 1 for one year. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of Fritillaria taibaiensis two years after the bulb was transplanted in Application Example 1.

[0107] The morphology, disease resistance rate, growth years, 1000-grain weight and yield of the Taibai Fritillaria bulblets and Taibai Fritillaria obtained by planting corresponding examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were measured, and the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0108] Table 1. Data determination of small bulbs of Fritillaria taibaiensis

[0109]

[0110] The small bulbs of Fritillaria taibai obtained by planting using the biomass organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention are significantly larger, with an average size of up to 20mm×25mm, 4 to 6 roots, a leaf width of about 14 to 22mm, and a symmetrical and full overall outline. It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the root length, leaf length and bulb size of the Fritillaria taibai obtained by application example 1-3 are significantly larger than those of the Fritillaria taibai planted in comparison example 1-2 when the seedlings are first turned over. All data of the small bulbs of Fritillaria taibai obtained by planting using the biomass organic fertilizer of the present invention are better than those of the small bulbs of Fritillaria taibai obtained by traditional planting methods.

[0111] Table 2. Taibai Fritillaria production data determination

[0112] Fritillaria taibaiensis Disease resistance rate (%) Growth period (years) Yield / mu (Kg) Application Example 1 97 4 420 Application Example 2 95 4 416 Application Example 3 92 4 408 Comparative Example 1 74 5 304 Comparative Example 2 80 5 323

[0113] The Taibai Fritillaria obtained by using the biomass organic fertilizer prepared by the present invention showed significant improvement in various morphological characteristics, had larger bulbs and leaves, and was in good health. It can be seen from the data in Table 2 that the disease resistance rate of the Taibai Fritillaria planted in Application Examples 1-3 was significantly improved, the harvesting year was greatly shortened, and the yield per mu was increased by more than 30%.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass organic fertilizer, It is characterized in that The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 900-1100 parts of straw, 40-60 parts of wheat bran, 90-110 parts of broad leaves, 3-5 parts of urea, 0.5-1.5 parts of brown sugar, 0.08-0.13 parts of insecticide, 3-5 parts of superphosphate, 8-12 parts of balanced compound fertilizer, 0.8-1.3 parts of organic material decomposition agent, 0.8-1.3 parts of active enzyme and 0.2-0.3 parts of bone meal; The balanced compound fertilizer is a 15-15-15 compound fertilizer; The active enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of protease, 5 parts of cellulase, 3 parts of nitrogenase, 2 parts of pectinase, 2 parts of xylanase and 1 part of phytase.

2. The biomass organic fertilizer according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1000 parts of straw, 50 parts of wheat bran, 100 parts of broad leaves, 4 parts of urea, 1 part of brown sugar, 0.1 part of insecticide, 4 parts of superphosphate, 10 parts of balanced compound fertilizer, 1 part of organic material decomposing agent, 1 part of active enzyme and 0.25 part of bone meal.

3. The biomass organic fertilizer according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The main component of the insecticide is organophosphorus.

4. The biomass organic fertilizer according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The main components of the organic material decomposing agent are Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces, Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei.

5. The method for preparing the biomass organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: The straw, wheat bran, broad leaves, urea, brown sugar, pesticide, superphosphate, balanced compound fertilizer, organic material decomposition agent, active enzyme and bone meal are mixed to obtain a mixed material, and then composting and fermenting is performed to obtain the product.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The composting fermentation comprises the following steps: adjusting the moisture content of the mixed material to 50-60%, piling it into a pile, covering the surface with a film, and fermenting it; turning and stirring it when the temperature rises to 65-70° C., and then continuing the fermentation for 90 days.

7. Use of the biomass organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the cultivation process of Fritillaria taibaiensis.

8. The use according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The planting method of Taibai Fritillaria includes the following steps: S1. Site selection: Select an open area at an altitude of 1500-2000m as the planting area, build a greenhouse, place a sunshade net above the greenhouse, and set up a spray system inside the greenhouse; plow the land and spray the soil with water to a thickness of 3-5cm; S2. Seed cultivation: Digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer: Level the land, dig trenches with a depth of 10 to 20 cm and a ridge width of 1 to 1.5 m, and spread 1 to 15 cm of biomass organic fertilizer on the ridge surface; Sowing: Sow seeds evenly on the ridge surface at a rate of 200,000 to 350,000 seeds per mu, and then cover with 3 to 5 cm thick biomass organic fertilizer. After growing for 2 years, dig out the bulbs; S3. Bulb transplanting: Digging trenches and spreading organic fertilizer: digging trenches with a depth of 10 to 20 cm and a ridge width of 1 to 1.5 m. Spread 5 to 30 cm of biomass organic fertilizer on the ridge surface or spread 800 to 1200 kg / mu of biomass organic fertilizer on the soil before digging trenches and mix well. Transplanting: transplant the bulbs to the ridge surface and then cover them with 3 to 5 cm thick fertilizer; the fertilizer includes 0 to 50 parts of soil and 50 to 100 parts of biomass organic fertilizer in terms of weight ratio; S4. Daily management: including field management, temperature and humidity control, shading, and pest and disease control; S5. Digging: Harvest the pods when the above-ground parts are dry and the pods have not cracked; dig up the underground bulbs after the roots of the underground parts wither.

9. The use according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The seed sowing density is 300,000 seeds per mu.

10. The use according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The width of the ridge is 1.2 m.

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