Wide-temperature-zone adjusting device of closed refrigerator and closed refrigerator

Abstract

The invention discloses a wide-temperature-range adjusting device of a closed refrigerator and the closed refrigerator, and relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, and the wide-temperature-range adjusting device of the closed refrigerator comprises a gas reservoir, a low-pressure end adjusting valve and a high-pressure end adjusting valve; the air reservoir is used for accommodating a refrigerating medium; the gas reservoir is communicated with a low-pressure pipeline of the closed refrigerator through a low-pressure end adjusting valve, and the gas reservoir is communicated with a high-pressure pipeline of the closed refrigerator through a high-pressure end adjusting valve. The wide-temperature-zone adjusting device of the closed refrigerator comprises few elements, is easy to operate, and can perform bidirectional adjustment on the amount of the refrigerating medium in the refrigerating loop, so that the upper limit and the lower limit of the temperature zone of the refrigerator are adjusted, and the wide-temperature-zone requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, and in particular to a closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device and a closed refrigerator. Background Art

[0002] In recent decades, with the development of space exploration technology, space probes have been developed towards the goal of higher precision, wider range and longer life, which has put forward the demand for lower temperature range and larger cooling capacity for space cryogenic refrigeration technology to support its efficient operation. The temperature range below 10K is the mainstream working temperature range of advanced space probes. Helium throttling refrigerators have become the mainstream refrigeration solution in this temperature range due to their advantages of low vibration, long life and high refrigeration efficiency. The temperature range of helium throttling refrigerators in the prior art is usually determined by the compressor, that is, the refrigeration temperature is adjusted by adjusting the working state of the compressor. There are also some solutions that use an inflation table to inflate the refrigeration circuit to further expand the temperature adjustment range. However, the inflation table has the defects of many components, complex operation and inconvenience in carrying. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device and a closed refrigerator to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, expand the temperature zone regulating range, and have a simple structure, simple operation and easy to carry.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides a closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device, comprising: an air reservoir, a low-pressure end regulating valve and a high-pressure end regulating valve; the air reservoir is used to contain a refrigeration medium; the air reservoir is connected to a low-pressure pipeline of the closed refrigerator through the low-pressure end regulating valve, and the air reservoir is connected to a high-pressure pipeline of the closed refrigerator through the high-pressure end regulating valve.

[0005] The present invention provides a closed refrigerator, comprising: a closed circuit, a compressor unit, an evaporator and the closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device as described above; the compressor unit and the evaporator are arranged on the closed circuit and the closed circuit is divided into a low-pressure pipeline and a high-pressure pipeline.

[0006] Preferably, a heat exchanger is also included, wherein two medium channels of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the high-pressure pipeline and the low-pressure pipeline, and the heat exchanger is used to transfer the cold energy of the refrigerant medium in the low-pressure pipeline to the refrigerant medium in the high-pressure pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a vacuum chamber, a primary cold chamber, a secondary cold chamber and a pulse tube refrigeration unit; the secondary cold chamber is arranged in the primary cold chamber, the primary cold chamber is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the pulse tube refrigeration unit includes a primary pre-cooling unit and a secondary pre-cooling unit; the heat exchanger is arranged in three stages, namely a primary countercurrent heat exchanger, a secondary countercurrent heat exchanger and a tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger; the primary countercurrent heat exchanger, the secondary countercurrent heat exchanger and the tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the refrigerant medium in the high-pressure pipeline; the primary countercurrent heat exchanger is arranged in the vacuum chamber outside the primary cold chamber, the secondary countercurrent heat exchanger and the primary pre-cooling unit are arranged in the primary cold chamber outside the secondary cold chamber, and the tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger, the secondary pre-cooling unit and the evaporator are arranged in the secondary cold chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the first-level pre-cooling unit includes a first-level cold finger and a first-level cold head; the second-level pre-cooling unit includes a second-level cold finger and a second-level cold head; the vacuum chamber is formed in the vacuum tank, the first-level cold chamber is enclosed by the first-level cold head and the first-level cold screen, the second-level cold chamber is enclosed by the second-level cold head and the second-level cold screen, and a first-level pre-cooling heat exchanger and a second-level pre-cooling heat exchanger are also provided on the high-pressure pipeline, the first-level pre-cooling heat exchanger is in contact with and fixed to the first-level cold head, and the second-level pre-cooling heat exchanger is in contact with and fixed to the second-level cold head.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary pre-cooling heat exchanger is arranged in the secondary cold cavity, and the primary pre-cooling heat exchanger is arranged in the primary cold cavity outside the secondary cold cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the primary cold screen and the secondary cold screen are both wrapped with multiple layers of thermal insulation materials.

[0011] Preferably, the primary cold screen and the secondary cold screen are made of stainless steel.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: The closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device provided by the present invention comprises few components, is easy to operate, and can bidirectionally regulate the amount of refrigerant medium in the refrigeration circuit, thereby regulating the upper and lower limits of the refrigerator temperature range to meet the wide temperature range requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. compressor unit; 3. secondary precooling unit; 4. primary precooling unit; 5. closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device; 2-1. high pressure pipeline; 2-2. low pressure pipeline; 2-3. primary countercurrent heat exchanger; 2-4. primary precooling heat exchanger; 2-5. secondary countercurrent heat exchanger; 2-6. secondary precooling heat exchanger; 2-7. tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger; 2-8. throttle valve; 2-9. evaporator; 2-10. secondary cold screen; 2-11. primary cold screen; 2-12. thermal insulation material; 2-13. vacuum tank; 3-1. secondary cold head; 3-2. secondary cold finger; 4-1. primary cold head; 4-2. primary cold finger; 5-1. low pressure end regulating valve; 5-2. gas reservoir; 5-3. high pressure end regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] The present invention provides a closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device 5, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an air reservoir 5-2, a low-pressure end regulating valve 5-1 and a high-pressure end regulating valve 5-3; the air reservoir 5-2 is used to contain a refrigerant medium, and the same medium flows in the air reservoir 5-2 and the refrigeration circuit; the air reservoir 5-2 is connected to the low-pressure pipeline 2-2 of the closed refrigerator through the low-pressure end regulating valve 5-1, and the air reservoir 5-2 is connected to the high-pressure pipeline 2-1 of the closed refrigerator through the high-pressure end regulating valve 5-3.

[0018] When in use, the pressure in the refrigeration circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the working state of the low-pressure regulating valve 5-1 and the high-pressure regulating valve 5-3. For example, in the initial state, the pressure regulating valve and the high-pressure regulating valve 5-3 are normally closed, and the pressure in the gas reservoir 5-2 is higher than the pressure in the low-pressure pipeline 2-2, but lower than the pressure in the high-pressure pipeline 2-1. When the pressure in the refrigeration circuit needs to be lowered, the high-pressure regulating valve 5-3 is controlled to open, and the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit will flow into the gas reservoir 5-2, thereby reducing the total amount of the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit. When the pressure in the refrigeration circuit needs to be increased, the low-pressure regulating valve 5-1 is controlled to open, and the refrigerant in the gas reservoir 5-2 flows back into the refrigeration circuit, thereby increasing the total amount of the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit. Therefore, the solution provided by the present invention can bidirectionally adjust the amount of the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit, thereby adjusting the upper and lower limits of the temperature zone of the refrigerator to meet the requirements of a wide temperature zone. In addition, the closed refrigerator wide temperature zone adjustment device 5 provided in the embodiment of the present invention contains few components and is easy to operate.

[0019] It is understandable that the low-pressure regulating valve 5-1 and the high-pressure regulating valve 5-3 cannot be opened at the same time.

[0020] In some embodiments, the openings of the low-pressure regulating valve 5 - 1 and the high-pressure regulating valve 5 - 3 are adjustable.

[0021] The present invention provides a closed refrigerator, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a closed circuit, a compressor unit 1, an evaporator 2-9 and the closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device 5 as described above; the compressor unit 1 and the evaporator 2-9 are arranged on the closed circuit and divide the closed circuit into a low-pressure pipeline 2-2 and a high-pressure pipeline 2-1.

[0022] This embodiment has all the advantages of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0023] In some embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention also include a heat exchanger, the two medium channels of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the high-pressure pipeline 2-1 and the low-pressure pipeline 2-2, and the heat exchanger is used to transfer the cold energy of the refrigerant medium in the low-pressure pipeline 2-2 to the refrigerant medium in the high-pressure pipeline 2-1.

[0024] This embodiment fully utilizes the cold energy of the reflux refrigerant in the low-pressure pipeline 2 - 2 .

[0025] In some embodiments, the refrigerant medium is preferably helium, and this embodiment of the invention can solve the problem of mismatch in charging pressure of a 1-6K helium throttling refrigerator.

[0026] In some embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention also include a vacuum chamber, a primary cold chamber, a secondary cold chamber and a pulse tube refrigeration unit; the secondary cold chamber is arranged in the primary cold chamber, the primary cold chamber is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the pulse tube refrigeration unit includes a primary pre-cooling unit 4 and a secondary pre-cooling unit 3; the heat exchanger is arranged in three levels, namely a primary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-3, a secondary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-5 and a tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-7; the primary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-3, the secondary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-5, the tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-7 and the throttle valve 2-8 are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the refrigerant medium in the high-pressure pipeline 2-1; the primary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-3 is arranged in the vacuum chamber outside the primary cold chamber, the secondary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-5 and the primary pre-cooling unit 4 are arranged in the primary cold chamber outside the secondary cold chamber, and the tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger 2-7, the secondary pre-cooling unit 3 and the evaporator 2-9 are arranged in the secondary cold chamber.

[0027] Specifically, the first-level precooling unit 4 includes a first-level cold finger 4-2 and a first-level cold head 4-1; the second-level precooling unit 3 includes a second-level cold finger 3-2 and a second-level cold head 3-1; a vacuum chamber is formed in the vacuum tank 2-13, the first-level cold chamber is enclosed by the first-level cold head 4-1 and the first-level cold screen 2-11, and the second-level cold chamber is enclosed by the second-level cold head 3-1 and the second-level cold screen 2-10. A first-level precooling heat exchanger 2-4 and a second-level precooling heat exchanger 2-6 are also provided on the high-pressure pipeline 2-1, the second-level precooling heat exchanger 2-6 is provided in the second-level cold chamber, the first-level precooling heat exchanger 2-4 is provided in the first-level cold chamber outside the second-level cold chamber, the first-level precooling heat exchanger 2-4 is in contact with and fixed to the first-level cold head 4-1, and the second-level precooling heat exchanger 2-6 is in contact with and fixed to the second-level cold head 3-1.

[0028] Among them, the first-stage precooling heat exchanger 2-4 and the second-stage precooling heat exchanger 2-6 include a medium channel and a steel component wrapped outside the medium channel. The top surface of the steel component is flat and is respectively in contact with the first-stage cold head 4-1 and the second-stage cold head 3-1 to achieve cold energy conduction. The first-stage cold head 4-1 is connected to the first-stage precooling heat exchanger 2-4 by screws to provide a low temperature of 70-80K. Similarly, the second-stage cold head 3-1 is connected to the second-stage precooling heat exchanger 2-6 by screws to provide a low temperature of 10-20K.

[0029] This embodiment precools the refrigerant medium in the high-pressure pipeline 2 - 1 by means of multi-stage precooling to sufficiently reduce its temperature, thereby meeting the demand for lower temperatures.

[0030] In some embodiments, the primary cold shield 2-11 and the secondary cold shield 2-10 are both wrapped with multiple layers of thermal insulation material 2-12.

[0031] This embodiment improves the heat preservation effect of the cold chamber.

[0032] In some embodiments, the primary cold shield 2-11 and the secondary cold shield 2-10 are made of stainless steel.

[0033] In some embodiments, the compressor unit 1 is usually driven by a DC valved linear compressor unit, which has the advantages of being oil-free, high efficiency, long life, and high reliability.

[0034] In some embodiments, the high-pressure pipeline 2-1 is sequentially connected to the first-stage countercurrent heat exchanger 2-3, the first-stage precooling heat exchanger 2-4, the second-stage countercurrent heat exchanger 2-5, the second-stage precooling heat exchanger 2-6, the third-stage countercurrent heat exchanger 2-7, and the throttle valve 2-8 by welding, and the low-pressure pipeline 2-2 is sequentially connected to the third-stage countercurrent heat exchanger 2-7, the second-stage countercurrent heat exchanger 2-5, and the first-stage countercurrent heat exchanger 2-3 by welding.

[0035] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device, characterized in that: include: An air reservoir, a low-pressure regulating valve and a high-pressure regulating valve; the air reservoir is used to contain a refrigeration medium; The gas reservoir is communicated with the low-pressure pipeline of the closed refrigerator through a low-pressure end regulating valve, and the gas reservoir is communicated with the high-pressure pipeline of the closed refrigerator through a high-pressure end regulating valve.

2. A closed refrigerator, characterized in that: include: A closed circuit, a compressor unit, an evaporator and a closed refrigerator wide temperature range regulating device as claimed in claim 1; the compressor unit and the evaporator are arranged on the closed circuit and divide the closed circuit into a low-pressure pipeline and a high-pressure pipeline.

3. The closed refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a heat exchanger, wherein two medium channels of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the high-pressure pipeline and the low-pressure pipeline, and the heat exchanger is used to transfer the cold energy of the refrigerant medium in the low-pressure pipeline to the refrigerant medium in the high-pressure pipeline.

4. The closed refrigerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a vacuum chamber, a primary cold chamber, a secondary cold chamber and a pulse tube refrigeration unit; the secondary cold chamber is arranged in the primary cold chamber, the primary cold chamber is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the pulse tube refrigeration unit includes a primary pre-cooling unit and a secondary pre-cooling unit; the heat exchanger is arranged in three stages, namely a primary countercurrent heat exchanger, a secondary countercurrent heat exchanger and a tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger; the primary countercurrent heat exchanger, the secondary countercurrent heat exchanger and the tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger are arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the refrigerant medium in the high-pressure pipeline; the primary countercurrent heat exchanger is arranged in the vacuum chamber outside the primary cold chamber, the secondary countercurrent heat exchanger and the primary pre-cooling unit are arranged in the primary cold chamber outside the secondary cold chamber, and the tertiary countercurrent heat exchanger, the secondary pre-cooling unit and the evaporator are arranged in the secondary cold chamber.

5. The closed refrigerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first-level pre-cooling unit includes a first-level cold finger and a first-level cold head; the second-level pre-cooling unit includes a second-level cold finger and a second-level cold head; the vacuum chamber is formed in the vacuum tank, the first-level cold chamber is enclosed by the first-level cold head and the first-level cold screen, the second-level cold chamber is enclosed by the second-level cold head and the second-level cold screen, and a first-level pre-cooling heat exchanger and a second-level pre-cooling heat exchanger are also provided on the high-pressure pipeline, the first-level pre-cooling heat exchanger is in contact with and fixed to the first-level cold head, and the second-level pre-cooling heat exchanger is in contact with and fixed to the second-level cold head.

6. The closed refrigerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The secondary precooling heat exchanger is arranged in the secondary cold cavity, and the primary precooling heat exchanger is arranged in the primary cold cavity outside the secondary cold cavity.

7. The closed refrigerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The primary cold screen and the secondary cold screen are both wrapped with multiple layers of heat insulation materials.

8. The closed refrigerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The primary cold screen and the secondary cold screen are made of stainless steel.

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