Analog quantity acquisition method and system of high-voltage nanosecond pulse system

Abstract

The invention relates to an analog quantity acquisition method and system for a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and obtaining the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system based on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; fourier transform is carried out on the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, the characteristics of the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the effective value of the analog quantity are extracted, and finally the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system is obtained. According to the method, the optimal filter order is determined by combining the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and the filter coefficient is calculated based on the optimal filter order, so that the interference source of conduction and radiation disturbance is identified by adding noise acquisition, and the accuracy of analog quantity acquisition is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pulse power control, and in particular to an analog quantity acquisition method and system for a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system. Background Art

[0002] The change process of nanosecond high-voltage electric pulses is extremely fast. The rise time of the measured pulse front is usually in the range of sub-nanosecond to tens of nanoseconds, and the pulse width is narrow, at most a few hundred nanoseconds. The pulse voltage is high, reaching more than tens of kilovolts, and the pulse current amplitude is high, reaching hundreds of amperes. The fast pulse is seriously affected by electromagnetic interference, which puts forward stringent requirements on the measurement system.

[0003] In order to make nanosecond pulse equipment work safely, a variety of measurement sensors are required, including the acquisition of analog quantities such as temperature, current, and voltage. Since analog quantities are easily interfered by radiation and conduction, unexpected data and noise are likely to appear when collecting high-voltage pulse analog quantities. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an analog quantity acquisition method and system for a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to address the problem that unexpected data and noise are likely to occur when collecting high-voltage pulse analog quantities, as analog quantities are easily interfered by radiation and conduction.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application provides an analog quantity acquisition method of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, comprising: Controlling the power-on operation of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, obtaining the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and obtaining the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system based on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; Perform Fourier transform on the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to extract the characteristics of the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; Performing Fourier transform on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to obtain the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; Obtain the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and combine the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system with the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to determine the optimal filter order; Calculate filter coefficients based on the optimal filter order.

[0006] On the other hand, the present application also provides an analog quantity acquisition system for a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, comprising: Collection components; A modulation circuit, wherein the acquisition component is electrically connected to the modulation circuit; The modulation circuit is electrically connected to the processor.

[0007] The present application relates to a method and system for acquiring analog quantities of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system. The method for acquiring analog quantities of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system acquires analog quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, acquires digital quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system based on the analog quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, then performs Fourier transform on the digital quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the analog quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, extracts the characteristics of the digital quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the effective value of the analog quantities, and finally acquires the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system. The noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the effective value of the analog quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system are combined to determine the optimal filter order and calculate the filter coefficient based on the optimal filter order. The present application identifies interference sources of conducted and radiated disturbances by adding noise acquisition, thereby ensuring the accuracy of analog quantity acquisition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an analog quantity acquisition method for a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0009] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an analog quantity acquisition system of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0010] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a processor flow of an analog quantity acquisition system of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0011] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0012] Reference numerals: 100-acquisition component; 200-modulation circuit; 210-isolated AD sampling; 300-processor; 310-filter; 50-high voltage nanosecond pulse system; 510-high voltage power supply; 520-current limiting resistor; 530-energy storage device; 540-switch; 550-load; 560-high voltage power supply ground; 570-power switch ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0014] The present application provides an analog quantity acquisition method and system for a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, a method for collecting analog quantities of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system is provided, and the method for collecting analog quantities of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system includes: S100, controlling the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to power on and operate, obtaining an analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and obtaining a digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system based on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system.

[0016] Likewise, the high voltage power supply ground, the power switch ground, and the spatial radiation signal collected by the antenna are input to the processor as noise.

[0017] Specifically, the pulses of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system range from tens of nanoseconds to hundreds of nanoseconds, but the pulse amplitude is very large, reaching tens of KV.

[0018] S200, performing Fourier transform on the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to extract the characteristics of the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system.

[0019] S300, performing Fourier transform on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to obtain an effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system.

[0020] S400, obtaining the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and combining the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system with the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to determine the optimal filter order.

[0021] S500: Calculate filter coefficients based on the optimal filter order.

[0022] Specifically, the filter is a filter circuit composed of capacitors, inductors and resistors. The filter can effectively filter out a specific frequency point in the power line or frequencies other than the frequency point to obtain a power signal with a specific frequency, or eliminate a power signal with a specific frequency.

[0023] The order of a filter refers to the number of poles in the filter's transfer function. The order also determines the rate of decline in the transition zone. Generally, each additional order (one pole) will increase the attenuation by 20dB / decade. The order of a filter indicates how many times the filter can respond to the input signal. The higher the order, the steeper the filter's frequency response curve and the better the filtering characteristics.

[0024] The higher the filter order, the better the filtering effect of the filter, and the better the filter is at collecting the effective value of the analog quantity. However, it will also cause the processor to perform more data processing, resulting in longer calculation time. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the filter order. When there is a significant difference between the digital value of the analog effective value and the digital value of the interference, a lower filter order can be designed. This can achieve a good filtering effect and reduce the burden of processing data.

[0025] In this embodiment, the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system is obtained, and the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system is obtained based on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system. Then, the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system are Fourier transformed to extract the characteristics of the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the effective value of the analog quantity. Finally, the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system is obtained, and the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system are combined to determine the optimal filter order and calculate the filter coefficient based on the optimal filter order. The present application identifies the interference sources of conducted and radiated disturbances by adding noise collection, thereby ensuring the accuracy of analog quantity collection.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present application, the S100 includes: S110, controlling the high voltage nanosecond pulse system to power on and operate.

[0027] S120, when the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system generates a high-voltage pulse, real-time acquisition of data of multiple dimensions of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, wherein the data of multiple dimensions include a high-voltage power supply ground, a power switch ground, a space radiation signal collected by an antenna, and multiple analog quantities.

[0028] Specifically, the analog quantity includes a temperature analog quantity, a current analog quantity and a voltage analog quantity.

[0029] S130, convert each analog quantity obtained into a digital quantity. The digital quantity is a discrete time domain signal, recorded as .

[0030] Specifically, the high voltage power supply ground, the power switch ground and the spatial radiation signals collected by the antenna also need to be sampled through isolated AD, so as to convert the high voltage power supply ground, the power switch ground and the spatial radiation signals collected by the antenna into corresponding digital quantities.

[0031] In this embodiment, by collecting multiple analog data quantities from multiple high-voltage nanosecond pulse systems, a digital filter is designed based on the collected data quantities, and the signals collected from multiple analog quantities are digitized to convert the analog quantities into digital quantities, thereby restoring the analog effective value of the real signal.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present application, the S200 includes: S210, select a digital quantity .

[0033] S220, the digital Perform Fourier transform using Equation 1 to extract Each frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation.

[0034] Formula 1.

[0035] Among them, among them, Is The kth frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation is is the time domain quantity corresponding to the nth sampling node of the time domain signal, N is The total number of sampled nodes in , W is the rotation factor, Is The rotation factor of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation on the kth frequency component.

[0036] Specifically, the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is an efficient algorithm of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), which is used to convert time domain signals into frequency domain signals and is an important tool in digital signal processing. The basic principle of fast Fourier transform is to decompose long sequences into short sequences for calculation by utilizing the periodicity and symmetry of discrete Fourier transform, thereby greatly reducing the amount of calculation. Fast Fourier transform algorithms can be divided into time extraction method and frequency extraction method. The time extraction method is to sort the time domain signal sequence into even-odd numbers, and the frequency extraction method is to sort the frequency domain signal sequence into even-odd numbers.

[0037] , which has symmetry and periodicity.

[0038] S230, will be Each frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by conversion is used as the digital quantity characteristics.

[0039] S240, returning to the step of selecting a digital quantity , until all digital quantities The features have been extracted.

[0040] In this embodiment, feature extraction of digital quantities is a process of extracting information useful for subsequent analysis from data quantities.

[0041] When extracting the features of digital quantities, the digital quantities can be Approximately as a discrete semaphore The time domain signal is converted into a frequency signal through fast Fourier transform, so that each frequency component can be extracted.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present application, the S300 includes: S310, select an analog quantity .

[0043] S320, analog Perform a Fourier transform using Equation 2 to extract Each frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation.

[0044] Formula 2.

[0045] in, Is The bth frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation is is the analog value corresponding to the ath sampling node of the time domain signal, A is The total number of sampled nodes in , W is the rotation factor, Is The rotation factor of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation on the bth frequency component.

[0046] S330, will be Each frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by conversion is used as the analog quantity Valid values.

[0047] S340, returning to the step of selecting an analog quantity , until all analog quantities All valid values ​​have been extracted.

[0048] In this embodiment, each analog quantity is input into Formula 2 respectively, so as to obtain the frequency component corresponding to each analog quantity.

[0049] Since the high-voltage power supply ground, the power switch ground and the spatial radiation signal collected by the antenna are actually the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, the high-voltage power supply ground, the power switch ground and the spatial radiation signal collected by the antenna are not the effective value of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system. Therefore, the order of the filter is determined by analyzing the high-voltage power supply ground, the power switch ground and the spatial radiation signal collected by the antenna with the effective value.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, the S400 includes: S410, simultaneously obtain the effective values ​​of all analog quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system.

[0051] S420, inputting the effective values ​​of all analog quantities into the filter, analyzing the effective values ​​of all analog quantities, and continuously adjusting the coefficients of the filter to minimize the mean square error between the actual output of the filter and the expected output.

[0052] In this embodiment, when there are multiple analog quantities, multiple computing tasks are respectively distributed to multiple processing units within the processor by utilizing the parallel processing capability of the processor, and data paths and registers are designed to store intermediate results, thereby optimizing data flow to reduce delays.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present application, the S420 includes: S421, set the initial value of the filter coefficient and the initial value of the learning step size. S422, taking the effective value of the analog quantity as the input signal of the filter, and iteratively updating the filter coefficient once through Formula 3.

[0054] Formula 3.

[0055] in, are the updated filter coefficients, is the vector of filter coefficients, is the filter input signal, is the error between the actual filter output and the expected output, is the learning step size, and m is the iteration number.

[0056] S423, determining whether the current iterative update satisfies the iteration termination condition.

[0057] S424: If the iteration update satisfies the iteration termination condition, the iteration is terminated, and the filter coefficients obtained by the iteration update are used as the optimal filter coefficients.

[0058] S425: If the current iteration update does not satisfy the iteration termination condition, return to S422 to perform the next iteration.

[0059] In this embodiment, the output of the filter is the weighted sum of the input signal and the filter coefficient. Therefore, the present application adjusts the filter coefficient to minimize the mean square error between the filter output and the expected output, and continuously iterates through the gradient descent algorithm to continuously update the filter coefficient until the optimal solution is approached.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present application, the S423 includes: K100, determine whether the number of iteration updates is greater than or equal to the iteration update number threshold.

[0061] K101, if the number of iterative updates is greater than or equal to the iterative update number threshold, it is determined that the current iterative update satisfies the iteration termination condition.

[0062] K102: If the number of updates is less than the iteration number threshold, it is determined that the current iteration does not meet the iteration termination condition.

[0063] In this embodiment, the coefficients of the filter are iteratively updated by using a gradient descent method, and in this embodiment, a threshold of the number of iterations is set to provide a node for exiting the iteration.

[0064] The iteration can be stopped only when the number of filter coefficient updates reaches the iteration number threshold, and the filter coefficients generated by the last iteration are taken as the optimal filter coefficients.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present application, the S423 further includes: K103, select a filter order.

[0066] K104, calculates the actual output signal of the filter under the filter order through formula 4.

[0067] Formula 4.

[0068] in, is the actual output signal of the filter, are the filter coefficients, is the digital quantity vector of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and M is the filter order.

[0069] Optionally, since the output of the filter is a weighted sum of the input signal and the filter coefficient, the actual output signal of the filter at the filter order can also be calculated by formula 10.

[0070] Formula 10.

[0071] in, is the actual output signal of the filter, It is the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system. are the filter coefficients and T denotes the transpose.

[0072] K105, calculates the error between the actual output signal of the filter and the expected output signal through formula 5.

[0073] Formula 5.

[0074] in, is the error between the filter output and the desired signal, is the actual output signal of the filter, is the expected output signal.

[0075] K106, determine whether the error between the actual output signal of the filter and the expected output signal is less than or equal to the error threshold.

[0076] K107, if the error between the filter output and the expected signal is less than or equal to the error threshold, it is determined that this iterative update meets the iteration termination condition.

[0077] K108, if the error between the filter output and the expected signal is greater than the error threshold, it is determined that the current iterative update does not meet the iteration termination condition.

[0078] In this embodiment, a low-pass filter or a band-pass filter is generally designed (determined according to the digital characteristics of the sample), and a filter order is preset, which can be 7, 8, 9, 10...any value. A fixed order can be set in the software, or it can be adjusted according to the last sampling value.

[0079] Since the aforementioned embodiment only sets one condition for exiting iteration, namely, "iteration update number threshold value", it may happen that although the iteration update number threshold value is reached, the error between the actual output signal of the filter corresponding to the optimal filter coefficient that satisfies the condition that "the iteration update number is greater than or equal to the iteration update number threshold value" and the expected output signal is too large, which makes the optimal filter coefficient that satisfies the condition that "the iteration update number is greater than or equal to the iteration update number threshold value" unconvincing.

[0080] Therefore, in this embodiment, an additional exit iteration condition of "the error between the actual filter output signal and the expected output signal is less than or equal to the error threshold" is set to ensure that the optimal filter coefficient is of practical significance rather than just meeting the set conditions.

[0081] However, this embodiment can also be used alone as a judgment condition for ending the iterative update, that is, there is no need for the condition of "the number of iterative updates is greater than or equal to the iterative update number threshold" to exit the iteration, but the condition of "determining whether the error between the actual output signal of the filter and the expected output signal is less than or equal to the error threshold" of this embodiment can be directly executed.

[0082] Therefore, this embodiment can be used as a judgment condition independent of the above-mentioned embodiment, or can be used as a judgment condition following the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present application, the S500 includes: S510, calculating the frequency response of the filter using Formula 6.

[0084] Formula 6.

[0085] in, is the frequency response of the filter, is the unit impulse response, M is the optimal filter order, is the angular frequency.

[0086] S520, calculating the unit impulse response using Formula 7.

[0087] Formula 7.

[0088] in, is the unit impulse response, is the ideal frequency response.

[0089] S530, based on the unit impulse response, calculate the filter coefficients using Formula 8.

[0090] Formula 8.

[0091] in, are the filter coefficients, is the unit impulse response, is the unit impulse response.

[0092] S540, calculating the convolution of the filter coefficients using Formula 9.

[0093] Formula 9.

[0094] in, is the actual output of the filter, It is the digital quantity vector of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system. are the filter coefficients.

[0095] In this embodiment, the frequency response determined according to the coefficients of the filter meets the given technical indicators of the filter, so the technical indicators of the filter can be determined by only determining the coefficients of the filter.

[0096] Through the window function method, starting from the time domain, using a finite-length, causal unit impulse response To approximate the infinite-length, non-causal unit impulse response of the target filter.

[0097] So in this embodiment, given the ideal frequency response , using the inverse Fourier transform, find the unit impulse response , and the unit impulse response Multiply by the unit impulse response , thus obtaining the required filter coefficients .

[0098] By analyzing the frequency components of effective values ​​and noise, the characteristics of the adaptive filter, such as order, low-pass, high-pass, etc., are designed. If the frequency components of the sampled analog quantity are concentrated, a steeper frequency response can be achieved by increasing the filter order, which can better filter and obtain more accurate analog quantity acquisition.

[0099] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, an analog quantity acquisition system of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system is provided, and the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system includes an acquisition component 100, a modulation circuit 200 and a processor 300.

[0100] The acquisition component 100 is electrically connected to the modulation circuit 200. The modulation circuit 200 is electrically connected to the processor 300.

[0101] Specifically, the processor 300 includes a filter 310 .

[0102] like Figure 4 As shown, the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system 50 includes a high-voltage power supply 510 , a current limiting resistor 520 , an energy storage device 530 , a switch 540 , a load 550 , a high-voltage power supply ground 560 and a power switch ground 570 .

[0103] One end of the high-voltage power supply 510 is electrically connected to one end of the current limiting resistor 520, the other end of the current limiting resistor 520 is electrically connected to one end of the energy storage module 530, the other end of the energy storage device 530 is electrically connected to the load 550, the high-voltage power supply ground 560 is electrically connected to the other end of the high-voltage power supply 510, one end of the switch 540 is arranged between the current limiting resistor 520 and the energy storage device 530, the other end of the switch 540 is arranged between the load 550 and the high-voltage power supply ground 560, and the power switch ground 570 is arranged between the high-voltage power supply ground 560 and the switch 540.

[0104] The modulation circuit 200 is a circuit that adds a baseband signal (low-frequency signal) to a high-frequency carrier signal, and transmits information by changing the amplitude, phase or frequency of the carrier. The main function of the modulation circuit is to convert the baseband signal into a radio frequency signal suitable for transmission so as to transmit it over long distances in the communication system.

[0105] In the present application, a plurality of modulation circuits 200 are provided, and each modulation circuit 200 is independent of each other, and an isolated AD sampling 210 is provided between each modulation circuit 200 and the processor 300 .

[0106] If the number of analog quantities to be collected is n, then at least n+3 modulation circuits 200 and n+3 isolated AD sampling 210 are required. One modulation circuit 200 and one isolated AD sampling 210 are used as a group of collection components. In addition to the collection component 100 corresponding to the n analog quantities, the remaining three collection components 100 are used to collect the high-voltage power supply ground 560, the power switch ground 570 and the spatial radiation signal collected by the antenna.

[0107] Since the present application collects the high voltage power supply ground 560, the power switch ground 570 and the spatial radiation signal collected by the antenna, it is more conducive to identifying the conducted interference source.

[0108] In this embodiment, an analog quantity is collected by a modulation circuit 200, and the collected analog quantity is input into the processor 300 after passing through the isolated AD sampling 210. The reason for setting multiple modulation circuits 200 is to make the analog quantity within the sampling range of the isolated AD sampling 210.

[0109] like Figure 3 As shown, the isolated AD sampling value data_in[15:0] of the analog quantity is input into the buffer register. The figure shows the data input of a single-channel analog quantity sampled 9 times within a period of time, and then the data is fast Fourier transformed to separate the digital quantity of each frequency component, and then input into the fir_dut filter after multi-channel separation. data_ref[15:0] is the ideal signal reference, error_o[15:0] is the reference of the noise signal, obtained after the first high-order filter separation, as the time-varying coefficient of the iterative filter coefficient, when the next sampling data arrives, the filter coefficient is updated again, and the iterative update is repeated so that the filter 310 can better filter out the noise and retain the effective value of the analog quantity.

[0110] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and the execution order of the method steps is not limited. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0111] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for collecting analog quantities of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, characterized in that: The analog quantity acquisition method of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system is applied to the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and the analog quantity acquisition method of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system includes: Controlling the power-on operation of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, obtaining the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and obtaining the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system based on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; Perform Fourier transform on the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to extract the characteristics of the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; Performing Fourier transform on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to obtain the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; Obtain the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and combine the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system with the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to determine the optimal filter order; Calculate filter coefficients based on the optimal filter order.

2. The analog quantity acquisition method of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of obtaining an analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and obtaining a digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system based on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system includes: Control the power-on operation of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; When the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system generates a high-voltage pulse, real-time acquisition of data of multiple dimensions of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; the data of multiple dimensions include a high-voltage power supply ground, a power switch ground, a space radiation signal collected by an antenna, and multiple analog quantities; Convert each analog quantity obtained into a digital quantity; the digital quantity is a discrete time domain signal, recorded as .

3. The analog quantity acquisition method of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of performing Fourier transform on the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to extract the characteristics of the digital quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system includes: Select a digital quantity ; The digital quantity Perform Fourier transform using Equation 1 to extract Each frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation; Formula 1; in, Is The kth frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation is is the time domain quantity corresponding to the nth sampling node of the time domain signal, N is The total number of sampled nodes in , W is the rotation factor, Is The rotation factor of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation on the kth frequency component; Will be Each frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by conversion is used as the digital quantity Features; Returns the selected digital quantity , until all digital quantities The features have been extracted.

4. The analog quantity acquisition method of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The method of performing Fourier transform on the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to obtain the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system includes: Select an analog quantity ; The analog Perform a Fourier transform using Equation 2 to extract Each frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation; Formula 2; in, Is The bth frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation is is the analog value corresponding to the ath sampling node of the time domain signal, A is The total number of sampled nodes in , W is the rotation factor, Is The rotation factor of the frequency domain signal obtained by transformation on the bth frequency component; Will be Each frequency component of the frequency domain signal obtained by conversion is used as the analog quantity The effective value of Returns the selected analog value , until all analog quantities All valid values ​​have been extracted.

5. The analog quantity acquisition method of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system and combining the noise of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system with the effective value of the analog quantity of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system to determine the optimal filter order includes: At the same time, obtain the effective values ​​of all analog quantities of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; The effective values ​​of all analog quantities are input into the filter, the effective values ​​of all analog quantities are analyzed, and the coefficients of the filter are continuously adjusted to minimize the mean square error between the actual output of the filter and the expected output.

6. The analog quantity acquisition method of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The filter coefficients are continuously adjusted to minimize the mean square error between the actual filter output and the expected output, including: Set the initial value of the filter coefficient and the initial value of the learning step; The effective value of the analog quantity is used as the input signal of the filter, and the filter coefficient is updated once iteratively through formula 3; Formula 3: in, are the updated filter coefficients, is the vector of filter coefficients, is the filter input signal, is the error between the actual filter output and the expected output, is the learning step size, m is the iteration number; Determine whether this iterative update meets the iteration termination condition; If the iteration update satisfies the iteration termination condition, the iteration is terminated, and the filter coefficients obtained by the iteration update are used as the optimal filter coefficients; If the current iterative update does not meet the iteration termination condition, the filter coefficients are iteratively updated once according to Formula 3 to perform the next iteration.

7. The analog quantity acquisition method of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The determining whether the current iterative update satisfies the iterative termination condition includes: Determine whether the number of iteration updates is greater than or equal to the iteration update number threshold; If the number of iteration updates is greater than or equal to the iteration update number threshold, it is determined that the current iteration update meets the iteration termination condition; If the update number is less than the iteration number threshold, it is determined that the current iteration does not meet the iteration termination condition.

8. The analog quantity acquisition method of the high voltage nanosecond pulse system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The determining whether the current iterative update satisfies the iterative termination condition includes: Select a filter order; The output signal of the filter under the filter order is calculated by formula 4; Formula 4: in, is the actual output signal of the filter, are the filter coefficients, is the digital quantity vector of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and M is the filter order; The error between the actual output signal of the filter and the expected output signal is calculated by formula 5; Formula 5: in, is the error between the filter output and the desired signal, is the actual output signal of the filter, is the expected output signal; Determine whether the error between the actual output signal of the filter and the expected output signal is less than or equal to the error threshold; If the error between the filter output and the expected signal is less than or equal to the error threshold, it is determined that the iteration update meets the iteration termination condition; If the error between the filter output and the expected signal is greater than the error threshold, it is determined that the current iterative update does not meet the iteration termination condition.

9. The analog quantity acquisition method and control method of the high voltage nanosecond pulse system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The actual output signal of the filter is calculated by formula 4, including: The frequency response of the filter is calculated by formula 6; Formula 6: in, is the frequency response of the filter, is the unit impulse response, M is the optimal filter order, is the angular frequency; The unit impulse response is calculated by formula 7; Formula 7: in, is the unit impulse response, is the ideal frequency response; Based on the unit impulse response, the filter coefficients are calculated using Formula 8; Formula 8: in, are the filter coefficients, is the unit impulse response, is the unit impulse response; The convolution of the filter coefficients is calculated by formula 9; Formula 9: in, is the actual output of the filter, It is the digital quantity vector of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system. are the filter coefficients.

10. An analog quantity acquisition system for a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, characterized in that: The analog quantity acquisition system of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system is applied to the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system, and the analog quantity acquisition system of the high-voltage nanosecond pulse system includes: A collection component connected to a high-voltage nanosecond pulse system; A modulation circuit, wherein the acquisition component is electrically connected to the modulation circuit; The modulation circuit is electrically connected to the processor.

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