Separated intelligent switch and low-voltage power distribution network multi-stage fault studying and judging method
Through the modular design of separate intelligent switches and the artificial neural network fault diagnosis model, combined with the expert knowledge base, the problems of low-voltage distribution network operation and control and safety hazards of conventional circuit breakers are solved, and the accuracy of multi-stage faults of low-voltage distribution network is achieved. Analyzing and protection reduce maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411272410.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
AI Technical Summary
When low-voltage distribution networks face high proportional access to distributed clean energy and energy storage, operation and control face huge challenges. Conventional circuit breakers have safety hazards, upgrade and maintenance inconvenient, and different parts have different lifespans, which leads to damage to the controller. Replacement of the machine increases maintenance costs.
Design a split intelligent switch, which realizes fault judgment and protection through the combination of intelligent switch current differential current judgment and expert knowledge base. It adopts a modular configuration design of the first and second split intelligent switch, including a data-coupled control unit, The measurement module and the information control module are used to build fault diagnosis models using artificial neural networks, and improve scalability and ease of maintenance through distributed architecture and modular design.
It significantly improves the scalability, ease of replacement and maintenance of smart switches, reduces maintenance costs, realizes accurate analysis and protection of multi-stage faults in low-voltage distribution networks, and improves the capacity, reliability and performance of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN119134210A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent switches, and in particular to a separate intelligent switch, a multi-level fault analysis method for a low-voltage distribution network, an electronic device and a corresponding storage medium. Background Art
[0002] One of the main features of the new power system is the efficient coordination of sources, grids, loads and storage. With the proposal of my country's "dual carbon" goals, it is inevitable that in the future, clean energy, mainly distributed photovoltaics and small hydropower, and new loads, mainly energy storage and electric vehicle charging piles, will be connected to the low-voltage distribution network in a high proportion, which will bring huge impacts and challenges to its operation and regulation. At present, the low-voltage distribution network is at the end of the entire power grid, with the characteristics of wide distribution, complex power supply and use environment, and difficult operation and maintenance. The technical routes and result orientations (protection actions or signal alarms) of the anti-islanding protection of small power sources at the low-voltage end, the safe automatic re-connection of small power sources in the healthy area after fault removal, and the handling of faults and abnormal conditions are also different; conventional circuit breakers are designed and manufactured in an integrated manner, which has hidden dangers in application safety, inconvenient upgrades and maintenance, and different parts have different lifespans. If the controller is damaged or replaced due, it is necessary to shut down the power first and then replace the whole machine, which increases the maintenance cost. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a separate intelligent switch and a multi-level fault analysis method for a low-voltage distribution network. The present application aims to achieve fault identification and protection by combining the current differential current identification of the intelligent switch with the expert knowledge base; to construct a primary and secondary separate intelligent switch, and to divide the secondary body into modules based on functions, so as to at least solve some of the problems in the background technology.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a separate type intelligent switch is provided in the present application, characterized in that the intelligent switch includes a first part and a secondary part which are separately arranged, and a communication link is arranged between the primary part and the secondary part; the secondary part at least includes: a control unit, a measurement module and a signal control module having a data coupling relationship; the control unit is provided with a fault diagnosis logic and a switch control logic triggered by differential current information, and the switch control logic is configured to determine an action instruction of the intelligent switch based on a detection result output by the fault diagnosis logic; the primary part at least includes: an action execution unit that executes an action instruction, a sampling unit that provides sampling data to the measurement module, and a state indication unit for indicating a current state.
[0005] Optionally, a digital isolator is used in the communication link between the primary part and the secondary part.
[0006] Optionally, the secondary part adopts a distributed architecture, in which the control unit is a master station and the measurement module and the signal control module are slave stations.
[0007] Optionally, the secondary part further includes: at least one of a power supply module, a COM module, a HPLC / RF module and an additional protection function module.
[0008] Optionally, each module in the secondary part is arranged in a pluggable manner in the secondary side frame, and a communication bus for communication between each module is arranged in the secondary side frame.
[0009] Optionally, the fault diagnosis logic includes: a fault diagnosis model, which is constructed based on an artificial neural network and, after model training, is used to obtain a fault diagnosis result based on the input current and voltage information to be measured; an expert knowledge base, which is used to store current and voltage information under various fault scenarios and various non-fault scenarios as training data for the fault diagnosis model; an electrical feature extraction module, which is used to extract feature quantities from the current and voltage information, including: extracting corresponding feature quantities from the training data in the expert knowledge base to construct training samples, and extracting corresponding feature quantities from the current and voltage information to be measured to obtain the input of the fault diagnosis model; and an intelligent algorithm optimization module, which is used to determine the network structure of the artificial neural network through an optimization algorithm.
[0010] Optionally, the current and voltage information under various fault scenarios and various non-fault scenarios include: the current and voltage information of single-phase grounding faults under various scenarios collected for different grounding methods, transition resistances, distributed power supply penetration rates and grounding methods of the distribution network; and the voltage and current information of various distribution network oscillations, line break fault effects, and normal operation obtained by simulating system disturbances caused by non-fault phenomena.
[0011] Optionally, the expert knowledge base stores and matches each fault scenario and its operation mode as a sub-element.
[0012] Optionally, the fault diagnosis logic also includes: a self-learning module, which is used to add the measured current and voltage information to the expert knowledge base when a fault diagnosis result of a certain measured current and voltage information after the fault diagnosis logic is abnormal, and trigger the intelligent algorithm optimization module to update the network structure based on the updated expert knowledge base.
[0013] Optionally, the detection result based on the fault diagnosis logic output determines the action instruction of the intelligent switch, including: obtaining the hierarchy of the area corresponding to the differential current information; the hierarchy includes the current level area and the lower level area; if the detection result is that the current level area corresponding to the differential current information has a fault, and the intelligent switch is adjacent to the fault area, then a switch disconnection instruction is generated; if the detection result is that the lower level area corresponding to the differential current information has a fault, detecting whether the lower level intelligent switch adjacent to the fault area operates normally; when the lower level intelligent switch adjacent to the fault area does not operate normally, then a hierarchical coordination instruction is generated.
[0014] The present application also provides a multi-level fault analysis method for a low-voltage distribution network, which is applied to a separate intelligent switch arranged in the low-voltage distribution network. The method includes: for any separate intelligent switch, determining its level in the low-voltage distribution network based on its position in the low-voltage distribution network; obtaining the current value of the adjacent area of the level where the separate intelligent switch is located; when there is differential current information in the current value, the separate intelligent switch performs a corresponding action.
[0015] Optionally, the method further includes: for the secondary area of the separate intelligent switch, obtaining the current value of the adjacent area of the separate intelligent switch within the secondary area; when there is differential current information in the current value obtained this time, obtaining the action execution status of the separate intelligent switch in the secondary area; when the action execution status is invalid, the separate intelligent switch performs the corresponding action.
[0016] The present application also provides an electronic device, comprising: at least one processor; a memory connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the aforementioned low-voltage distribution network multi-level fault analysis method by executing the instructions stored in the memory.
[0017] The present application also provides a machine-readable storage medium on which instructions are stored. When the instructions are executed by a processor, the processor is configured to execute the aforementioned low-voltage distribution network multi-level fault analysis method.
[0018] A computer program product is also provided in the present application, including a computer program, which implements the aforementioned low-voltage distribution network multi-level fault analysis method when executed by a processor.
[0019] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:
[0020] The present application proposes a modular configuration design of a primary-secondary separation type intelligent switch, which separates the primary body from the secondary part, so that the intelligent switch is significantly improved in terms of scalability, easy replacement, easy maintenance, and application flexibility.
[0021] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the accompanying drawings:
[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a separate intelligent switch according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;
[0024] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary part of the separation type intelligent switch according to the embodiment of the present application is shown;
[0025] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the primary part of the separate intelligent switch according to the embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Figure 4 The schematic diagram schematically shows the architecture of the fault diagnosis logic of the separate type intelligent switch according to the embodiment of the present application;
[0027] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the steps of the multi-level fault analysis method of the low-voltage distribution network according to the embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;
[0028] Figure 6 The internal structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present application.
[0030] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the separated intelligent switch according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 1 As shown, a separate type intelligent switch includes a first part and a secondary part which are separately arranged. The division of the first part and the secondary part is mainly used for circuit separation. The division standard can be core components and non-core components, or can be divided according to component life, or can be divided according to specific functions. There is a communication link between the primary part and the secondary part for information transmission and control.
[0031] In a possible division method, the secondary part at least includes: a control unit, a measurement module and a signal control module with a data coupling relationship; the control unit is the core module of the device. It mainly realizes all software functions of the intelligent switch, including data processing, communication processing, edge computing and other application functions. The measurement module is used to realize low-voltage side data acquisition and analog quantity measurement. The signal control module is used to realize the remote signal access of the substation area and the remote control output data transmission.
[0032] The primary part at least includes: an action execution unit that executes action instructions, a sampling unit that provides sampling data to the measurement module, and a status indication unit for indicating the current state. Exemplarily, the action execution unit that executes action instructions includes: a motor and a trip unit, etc.; the sampling unit that provides sampling data to the measurement module includes: incoming line voltage, ground fault CT, surplus current CT, protection CT, outgoing line voltage, incoming line temperature, outgoing line temperature, metering CT, etc.; the status indication unit for indicating the current state includes: opening and closing state indication, etc.
[0033] The control unit is provided with a fault diagnosis logic and a switch control logic triggered by the differential current information. The switch control logic is configured to determine the action instruction of the intelligent switch based on the detection result output by the fault diagnosis logic; the detection result output by the fault diagnosis logic is preferably a 0 / 1 signal, that is, a Boolean value indicating whether a fault occurs, and determines the fault section of the distribution network grounding fault.
[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the communication link between the primary part and the secondary part adopts a digital isolator. A digital isolator is a chip or device in an electronic system that has a high resistance isolation characteristic when digital signals and analog signals are transmitted to achieve mutual isolation. Two digital isolators are used for communication between the primary part and the secondary part of the present application. The digital isolator packages the parallel data of multiple interfaces into serial data, thereby achieving reliable electrical isolation and reliable communication.
[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the secondary part adopts a distributed architecture, and the distributed architecture takes the control unit as the master station, and the measurement module and the signal control module as slave stations. The secondary part of the low-voltage distribution switch adopts bus technology, with the control unit as the master station, and the extended measurement module, communication module, signal control module, etc. as slave stations, to realize a modular distributed device hardware architecture. The distributed structure can better improve the capacity, reliability and performance of the system. At the same time, because of modularization, the reusability and development efficiency of the system will also be improved.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the secondary part further includes: at least one of a power module, a COM module, an HPLC / RF module, and an additional protection function module. The secondary part can also be adaptively increased according to actual needs, such as at least one of the aforementioned power module, COM module, HPLC / RF module, and an additional protection function module. This embodiment provides the scalability of the secondary part.
[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, each module in the secondary part is arranged in a pluggable manner in the secondary side frame, and a communication bus for communication between each module is arranged in the secondary side frame. This embodiment supports the control unit to perform functions such as parameter configuration management, bus diagnosis, hot plugging, timing, synchronous sampling, and management of each module. The secondary part is modularly pluggable according to the function, so that the equipment is significantly improved in terms of scalability, easy replacement, easy maintenance, and application flexibility. This embodiment also supports business function expansion and upgrading through a fusion terminal or a handheld terminal. The upgrade should not affect other original business functions, and the device will not restart after the upgrade is completed.
[0038] Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the secondary part of the separated intelligent switch according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the secondary part of the separated intelligent switch adopts a backplane bus, with the control unit as the master station, and the extended measurement module, communication module, signal control module, etc. as slave stations, to realize a modular distributed device hardware architecture. The control unit is supported to manage the parameter configuration, bus diagnosis, hot plug, time synchronization, synchronous sampling, management and other functions of each module. It supports business function expansion and upgrading through fusion terminals or handheld terminals. The upgrade should not affect other original business functions, and the device will not restart after the upgrade is completed. The specific description of each module of the secondary part in this implementation is as follows:
[0039] (1) Control unit. The control unit is the core module of the device. It mainly realizes all software functions of the intelligent switch, including data processing, communication processing, edge computing and other application functions. It includes a hardware system composed of key components such as CPU and memory, an edge computing software platform composed of an operating system, a container engine, and an application software system, and communication interfaces such as 4G / 5G, Ethernet, USB, Bluetooth, and wireless. At the same time, it cooperates to realize the bus master link layer protocol and the bus physical interface to achieve modular expansion of the information collection capabilities of sensors and other intelligent devices. The switch supports remote opening control and can be configured with remote closing function according to needs; it has remote closing control and hardware mechanical local locking function. Remote closing and automatic reclosing are not allowed when locked.
[0040] (2) Power supply module. A self-generated current power supply can be used. In the absence of an auxiliary power supply, the current of all phases of the main circuit shall not be less than 0.4In. The controller shall be able to work reliably and have basic protection functions (overload long delay protection, short circuit short delay protection, short circuit instantaneous protection); when the current of any phase of the main circuit is less than 0.4In, the intelligent switch shall not malfunction. Supercapacitors and auxiliary power supply interfaces can be used as backup power supplies. When the main power supply of the switch fails, the backup power supply can be automatically and seamlessly put into use. Use AC three-phase power supply, AC220V / 50Hz, with an allowable deviation of -20% to +20%. When any two phases are disconnected, the AC power supply can provide normal operation for the intelligent switch; the upper incoming line power supply method ensures that the intelligent switch can still work normally after the switch is disconnected.
[0041] (3) Measurement module. The measurement module realizes AC sampling of three-phase current, voltage, zero sequence, etc. of the low-voltage side bus, data collection of harmonics, electricity, power factor, etc., as well as measurement of other analog quantities such as thermal resistance temperature. The CPU reading frequency is not high and has periodicity, but the amount of data read at one time is large.
[0042] (4) COM module. The COM module realizes the expansion of the number of serial communication interfaces of the intelligent switch, and can support up to 16 serial communication interfaces, and supports data transmission based on 101, Modbus-RTU, 645, and other device-specific protocols based on the serial physical interface. It can meet the access of data from substation equipment such as temperature and humidity sensors, partial discharge sensors, smart meters, low-voltage shunt measurement units, SVC\SVG\APF and other energy efficiency management devices. The overall data volume is relatively large, and the real-time transmission requirements are not high.
[0043] (5) HPLC / RF module. This patent designs an HPLC / RF communication module to connect the HPLC module to the low-voltage bus, which supports the control unit to collect and communicate data without changing the existing APP software.
[0044] (6) Signal control module. It realizes the transmission of remote signal access and remote control output data in the substation area. The data volume is not large, but the real-time and time certainty requirements are high. It supports high-speed transmission of remote signal and remote control, and the SOE resolution can reach 1ms. The signal control module (remote signal and remote control module) has the processing function of IO quantities such as remote signal and remote control, and realizes the data transmission of AC sampling data to the edge master through the backplane bus. Modular expansion and customization can realize different requirements for remote signal and remote control, and reduce the frequency of device model and version updates.
[0045] (7) Additional protection function module. It has additional protection functions such as ground fault protection, over / under voltage protection, over / under frequency protection, phase sequence protection, frequency protection, reverse power protection, current imbalance protection, terminal and contact temperature protection, etc. It runs in the additional protection function module in the form of APP and supports remote download and upgrade.
[0046] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the primary part of the separate intelligent switch according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the action execution unit for executing the action instruction includes: a motor and a release, etc.; the sampling unit for providing sampling data to the measurement module includes: incoming line voltage, ground fault CT, surplus current CT, protection CT, outgoing line voltage, incoming line temperature, outgoing line temperature, metering CT, etc.; the status indication unit for indicating the current status includes: opening and closing status indication, etc.
[0047] The above module settings and divisions are only for illustration and do not constitute a limitation on the implementation methods of the present application. Those skilled in the art can add or subtract according to actual needs and divide some of the above modules into a primary part, which also has similar beneficial effects.
[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the fault diagnosis logic includes: a fault diagnosis model, which is constructed based on an artificial neural network and, after model training, is used to obtain a fault diagnosis result based on the input current and voltage information to be measured; an expert knowledge base, which is used to store current and voltage information under various fault scenarios and various non-fault scenarios as training data for the fault diagnosis model; an electrical feature extraction module, which is used to extract feature quantities from the current and voltage information, including: extracting corresponding feature quantities from the training data in the expert knowledge base to construct training samples, and extracting corresponding feature quantities from the current and voltage information to be measured to obtain the input of the fault diagnosis model; and an intelligent algorithm optimization module, which is used to determine the network structure of the artificial neural network through an optimization algorithm.
[0049] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the architecture of the fault diagnosis logic of the separated intelligent switch according to the embodiment of the present application is shown schematically. Figure 4 As shown, based on the voltage and current information of each sub-element in the expert knowledge base, the network fault characteristics and distributed power supply fault characteristics when the distribution network fails are extracted, marked and used as input for training and learning of artificial neural networks. Combined with the existing theoretical experience in the field of artificial intelligence and optimization algorithms such as trial and error, the number of network layers, number of nodes, weights, biases, activation functions, etc. of the artificial neural network are determined to find the optimal network structure. The expert knowledge base, electrical feature extraction module, intelligent algorithm optimization module, and fault diagnosis model form the fault diagnosis logic, which can also be called the fault diagnosis expert knowledge system. The fault diagnosis logic is in the control unit of the secondary part of the separated intelligent switch.
[0050] In some optional implementations, the current and voltage information in various fault scenarios and various non-fault scenarios include: the current and voltage information of single-phase grounding faults in various scenarios collected for different grounding methods, transition resistances, distributed power source penetration rates and grounding methods of the distribution network, for example: the current and voltage information of single-phase grounding faults in 1000-2000 scenarios are collected for various factors such as different grounding methods, transition resistances, distributed power source penetration rates and grounding methods of the distribution network. And the system disturbances caused by non-fault phenomena are simulated to obtain various distribution network oscillations, line break faults, and voltage and current information of normal operation. For example: considering the interference of line break faults, oscillations and other phenomena on fault diagnosis, the system disturbances caused by non-fault phenomena are simulated to obtain 500-1000 types of distribution network oscillations, line break faults, and voltage and current information of normal operation. The aforementioned current and voltage information mainly includes current and voltage waveforms.
[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the expert knowledge base stores and matches each fault scenario and its operation mode as a sub-element. The expert knowledge base stores fault scenarios and their operation modes in the form of sub-elements, and the expert knowledge base for fault diagnosis is constructed. The voltage and current information in the expert knowledge base is classified into two categories: fault and non-fault. Each fault scenario and operation mode is a sub-element, which is used to match the voltage and current information to be measured.
[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the fault diagnosis logic further includes: a self-learning module, which is used to add the current and voltage information to be measured to the expert knowledge base when the fault diagnosis result of a certain current and voltage information to be measured after the fault diagnosis logic is abnormal, and trigger the intelligent algorithm optimization module to update the network structure based on the updated expert knowledge base. The fault diagnosis logic has a self-learning function, and inputs the marked feature quantities that are not involved in the model training into the fault diagnosis logic. If the output judgment result does not conform to the actual situation or the probability value is low, the voltage and current information in this scenario should be added to the expert knowledge base as a new sub-element. Based on the updated expert knowledge base, the fault diagnosis model, i.e., the internal structure parameters of the artificial neural network, are updated and optimized, so that the fault diagnosis model has stronger robustness.
[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the detection result based on the fault diagnosis logic output determines the action instruction of the intelligent switch, including: obtaining the hierarchy of the area corresponding to the differential current information; the hierarchy includes the current level area and the lower level area; if the detection result is that the current level area corresponding to the differential current information has a fault, and the intelligent switch is adjacent to the fault area, then a switch disconnection instruction is generated; if the detection result is that the lower level area corresponding to the differential current information has a fault, detect whether the lower level intelligent switch adjacent to the fault area is operating normally; when the lower level intelligent switch adjacent to the fault area does not operate normally, then a hierarchical coordination instruction is generated. This embodiment provides a multi-level area division method for a low-voltage distribution network centered on an intelligent switch, and each level of intelligent switches adopts a strategy of combining differential protection with fault information discrimination. Taking a certain intelligent switch in a low-voltage distribution network as an example, the current sampling value of the corresponding intelligent switch is obtained in its logically adjacent area to realize the differential current discrimination of this area. If there is a differential current, it means that there is a fault in the adjacent area of the intelligent switch, then the fault diagnosis logic in the intelligent switch is started to perform fault discrimination to determine whether the fault occurs. Since only the adjacent areas of the intelligent switch connected to the faulty element will produce differential current, the action result is to disconnect the intelligent switches at each end of the faulty element, and its implementation principle is the same as that of conventional differential protection. For the secondary area of the intelligent switch, information on whether there is a differential current in the adjacent areas of the adjacent intelligent switches in the secondary area is obtained, and the protection determines whether there is a differential current in the secondary area. If there is a differential current in any level of intelligent switch in the area, it is determined that there is a fault in the adjacent area of the intelligent switch. If the adjacent intelligent switch does not act or fails to trip, the action of this intelligent switch needs to cooperate with other adjacent intelligent switches to cut off the fault. For other levels of the intelligent switch, refer to the secondary area, and make a fault judgment based on whether there is a differential current in the adjacent areas of the adjacent levels of intelligent switches in the area. The central intelligent switch only acts when the intelligent switches at all levels fail to correctly cut off the fault, so as to realize the hierarchical coordination between the intelligent switches. This embodiment provides multiple levels of fault analysis and judgment, realizes the accurate positioning of the fault, and realizes the precise protection of the low-voltage distribution network.
[0054] Through the above implementation, a smart switch is provided which is expandable, easy to replace, easy to maintain, more flexible in application and more intelligent.
[0055] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a method for multi-level fault analysis in a low-voltage distribution network. Figure 5 The following is a schematic diagram showing the steps of the multi-level fault analysis method for a low voltage distribution network according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the method is applied to a separate intelligent switch arranged in a low-voltage distribution network, and includes:
[0056] S01. For any separate intelligent switch, determine its level in the low-voltage distribution network based on its position in the low-voltage distribution network. In this step, the low-voltage distribution network is divided into multiple levels with the intelligent switch as the center, and the intelligent switches at each level use differential protection combined with fault information for judgment.
[0057] S02, obtaining the current value of the adjacent area of the layer where the separated intelligent switch is located; taking any intelligent switch selected in step S01 as an example, obtaining the current sampling value of the corresponding intelligent switch in its logically adjacent area to realize the differential current discrimination of this area.
[0058] S03, when there is differential current information in the current value, the separate intelligent switch performs a corresponding action. If there is differential current, it means that there is a fault in the adjacent area of the intelligent switch, then the fault diagnosis logic is started to perform fault identification, and a corresponding instruction is generated based on the switch control logic to enable the separate intelligent switch to perform a corresponding action.
[0059] This embodiment provides a multi-level area division method for a low-voltage distribution network centered on an intelligent switch, which combines the expert knowledge base and the neural network model in the fault diagnosis logic to perform fault diagnosis and fault location, thereby achieving precise protection of the low-voltage distribution network.
[0060] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the method further includes: for the secondary area of the separated intelligent switch, obtaining the current value of the adjacent area of the separated intelligent switch in the secondary area; when the current value obtained this time has differential current information, obtaining the action execution status of the separated intelligent switch in the secondary area; when the action execution status is invalid, the separated intelligent switch performs the corresponding action. Wherein, the invalid execution status includes that the intelligent switch does not act or fails to act. For the secondary area of the intelligent switch, information on whether there is a differential current in the adjacent areas of the adjacent intelligent switches in the secondary area is obtained, and the protection determines whether there is a differential current in the secondary area. If there is a differential current in any level of intelligent switch in the area, it is judged that there is a fault in the adjacent area of the intelligent switch. If the adjacent intelligent switch does not act or fails to trip, this intelligent switch acts and cooperates with other adjacent intelligent switches to remove the fault. For other level areas of the intelligent switch, refer to the secondary area, and the fault is judged by whether there is a differential current in the adjacent area of each adjacent level of intelligent switch in the area. The central intelligent switch acts only when the intelligent switches at all levels fail to remove the fault correctly, so as to realize the hierarchical coordination between the intelligent switches. This embodiment provides hierarchical coordination of separate intelligent switches under differential current discrimination in secondary areas or other level areas to achieve overall protection of the low-voltage distribution network.
[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: at least one processor; a memory connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor executes the aforementioned low-voltage distribution network multi-level fault analysis method. Its internal structure diagram can be as follows Figure 6 shown. Figure 6 The internal structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown. The electronic device includes a processor A01, a network interface A02, a memory (not shown in the figure) and a database (not shown in the figure) connected via a system bus. Among them, the processor A01 of the electronic device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the electronic device includes an internal memory A03 and a non-volatile storage medium A04. The non-volatile storage medium A04 stores an operating system B01, a computer program B02 and a database (not shown in the figure). The internal memory A03 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system B01 and the computer program B02 in the non-volatile storage medium A04. The network interface A02 of the electronic device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program B02 is executed by the processor A01, a method for multi-level fault analysis and judgment of a low-voltage distribution network is implemented.
[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 6 The structure shown in the figure is merely a block diagram of a partial structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. The specific electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
[0063] In one embodiment provided in the present application, a machine-readable storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the processor is configured to execute the aforementioned low-voltage distribution network multi-level fault analysis method.
[0064] In one embodiment provided in the present application, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which implements the aforementioned low-voltage distribution network multi-stage fault analysis method when executed by a processor.
[0065] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.
[0066] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.
[0067] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.
[0068] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.
[0069] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
[0070] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
[0071] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
[0072] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.
[0073] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A separate type intelligent switch, characterized in that: The intelligent switch comprises a first part and a secondary part which are separately arranged, and a communication link is arranged between the primary part and the secondary part; The secondary part at least includes: a control unit, a measurement module and a signal control module having a data coupling relationship; The control unit is provided with a fault diagnosis logic and a switch control logic triggered by the differential current information, and the switch control logic is configured to determine an action instruction of the intelligent switch based on a detection result output by the fault diagnosis logic; The primary part at least includes: an action execution unit for executing an action instruction, a sampling unit for providing sampling data to the measurement module, and a state indicating unit for indicating a current state.
2. The intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication link between the primary part and the secondary part uses a digital isolator.
3. The intelligent switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary part adopts a distributed architecture, in which the control unit is the master station and the measurement module and the signal control module are slave stations.
4. The intelligent switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary part further includes: at least one of a power supply module, a COM module, a HPLC / RF module and an additional protection function module.
5. The intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each module in the secondary part is arranged in a pluggable manner in the secondary side frame, and a communication bus for communication between each module is arranged in the secondary side frame.
6. The intelligent switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fault diagnosis logic includes: A fault diagnosis model, which is constructed based on an artificial neural network and after model training, is used to obtain a fault diagnosis result based on input current and voltage information to be measured; An expert knowledge base, used to store current and voltage information in various fault scenarios and various non-fault scenarios as training data for the fault diagnosis model; An electrical feature extraction module, used to extract feature quantities from current and voltage information, including: extracting corresponding feature quantities from training data in the expert knowledge base to construct training samples, and extracting corresponding feature quantities from the current and voltage information to be measured to obtain inputs of the fault diagnosis model; and The intelligent algorithm optimization module is used to determine the network structure of the artificial neural network through an optimization algorithm.
7. The intelligent switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: Current and voltage information in various fault scenarios and non-fault scenarios, including: The current and voltage information of single-phase grounding faults under various scenarios collected for different grounding modes, transition resistances, distributed generation penetration rates and grounding modes of the distribution network; and The system disturbance caused by non-fault phenomena is simulated to obtain various distribution network oscillations, line break fault effects, and voltage and current information of normal operation.
8. The intelligent switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expert knowledge base stores and matches each fault scenario and its operation mode as a sub-element.
9. The intelligent switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fault diagnosis logic also includes: A self-learning module is used to add the current and voltage information to be measured to the expert knowledge base when a fault diagnosis result after the fault diagnosis logic shows an abnormality, and trigger the intelligent algorithm optimization module to update the network structure based on the updated expert knowledge base.
10. The intelligent switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of determining the action instruction of the intelligent switch based on the detection result output by the fault diagnosis logic comprises: Obtaining the level of the area corresponding to the differential flow information; the level includes the current level area and the lower level area; If the detection result is that a fault occurs in the current level area corresponding to the differential current information, and the intelligent switch is adjacent to the fault area, a switch disconnection instruction is generated; If the detection result is that a fault occurs in the lower-level area corresponding to the differential current information, detecting whether the lower-level intelligent switches adjacent to the faulty area operate normally; When the lower-level intelligent switches adjacent to the fault area do not operate normally, a hierarchical coordination instruction is generated.
11. A method for analyzing and judging multi-level faults in a low-voltage distribution network, characterized in that: The method is applied to the separate intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 10 arranged in a low-voltage distribution network, comprising: For any separate type intelligent switch, determining its level in the low voltage distribution network based on its position in the low voltage distribution network; Obtaining current values of adjacent areas of the level where the separation type intelligent switch is located; When there is differential current information in the current value, the separation type intelligent switch performs a corresponding action.
12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The method further comprises: For the secondary area of the separation type intelligent switch, obtaining the current value of the adjacent area of the separation type intelligent switch in the secondary area; When the current value obtained this time has differential current information, the action execution status of the separation type intelligent switch in the secondary area is obtained; When the action execution status is invalid, the separate type intelligent switch executes the corresponding action.
13. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; a memory connected to the at least one processor; The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the steps of the low-voltage distribution network multi-level fault analysis method described in claim 11 or 12 by executing the instructions stored in the memory.
14. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program / instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the low-voltage distribution network multi-level fault analysis method described in claim 11 or 12 are implemented.
15. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the low-voltage distribution network multi-stage fault analysis method according to claim 11 or 12.