Circuit board welding regulation and control method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a circuit board welding regulation and control method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the maximum temperature setting, the minimum temperature setting and the furnace passing speed of each temperature zone of a reflow oven, detecting the temperature of each temperature zone through a sensor, and adjusting the transmission speed of a circuit board in each temperature zone based on the obtained and detected parameters; predicting the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones through a temperature prediction model based on the transmission speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone; the speed of the conveyor belt is dynamically adjusted through real-time temperature data collected by a temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model; the regulation result is fed back to a control system, a regulation model is trained based on behaviors of the control system, and the regulation model is compiled into the control system of the reflow oven, by means of the method and the corresponding system, the temperature can be accurately controlled, the speed can be adjusted in good time so as to reduce welding spot defects such as cold welding and incomplete welding, and the welding quality of the reflow oven can be improved. Therefore, the overall welding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention provides a circuit board welding control method and system, and relates to the technical field of welding control. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing process of electronic products such as integrated circuit boards, one of the key links is to send the printed circuit board densely covered with electronic components into the reflow furnace, and use heat energy to automatically complete the welding operation between the components and the circuit board. Ensuring that the temperature of each area in the reflow furnace is accurately maintained within the process standard range is crucial to improving the final quality of the product. However, in traditional methods, temperature control and optimization for this process mostly rely on experimental trial and error adjustments. It is impossible to deeply analyze the furnace temperature change curve of the circuit board during the heating and welding process by establishing a theoretical model, and evaluate the allowable running speed of the conveyor belt in different temperature ranges, so as to optimize production conditions, reduce unnecessary energy consumption and processing losses, and ensure the stability of product quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a circuit board welding control method and system to solve the above-mentioned problems:

[0004] The present invention provides a circuit board welding control method, the method comprising:

[0005] Obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting and furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace, detect the temperature of each temperature zone through sensors, and adjust the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone based on the acquired and detected parameters;

[0006] Based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone, the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones is predicted by a temperature prediction model;

[0007] The conveyor belt speed is dynamically adjusted through the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model;

[0008] The adjustment result is fed back to the control system, a control model is trained based on the behavior of the control system, and the control model is compiled into the control system of the reflow furnace.

[0009] Furthermore, the maximum temperature setting, the minimum temperature setting and the furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace are obtained, the temperature of each temperature zone is detected by a sensor, and the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone is adjusted based on the obtained and detected parameters, including:

[0010] Obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting, minimum furnace speed of each temperature zone and the number of temperature zones in the reflow furnace, and detect the actual temperature of each temperature zone through sensors;

[0011] The temperature of the conveyor belt in the reflow furnace is adjusted based on the acquired and detected parameters through a dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model. Specifically, the dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model is:

[0012]

[0013] Where v(t) represents the conveyor belt speed at time t, n represents the number of temperature zones, and α i Indicates the adjustment coefficient of the i-th temperature zone, affecting the sensitivity of speed adjustment, β i represents the power coefficient of the ith temperature zone, regulating the nonlinear response of the speed change, T max，i Indicates the maximum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T min，i Indicates the minimum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T i (t) represents the actual temperature of the ith temperature zone at time t, v min，i Indicates the minimum furnace speed in the i-th temperature zone.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone, the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones is predicted by a temperature prediction model, including:

[0015] Obtain the efficiency of heat transfer of the soldered circuit board, the position x of the circuit board in the reflow oven, and detect the ambient temperature through a temperature sensor;

[0016]

[0017] Where T′(x, t) represents the temperature prediction of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t, γ represents the heat transfer efficiency parameter of the soldered circuit board, q(x, t, v(t)) represents the heat flow input of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t affected by the conveyor belt speed v(t), and h c (T, v(t)) represents the heat transfer coefficient at position x, time t and temperature T, which depends on the velocity v(t). amb Indicates the ambient temperature.

[0018] Furthermore, the conveyor belt speed is dynamically adjusted through the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model, including:

[0019] The real-time temperature T in the reflow oven is detected by the temperature sensor i (t), compare the real-time temperature and the predicted temperature, and obtain the existing deviation e(t) = T′(x, t)-T i (t);

[0020] Based on the existing deviation, the PID control strategy is used to adjust v(t) using the proportional, integral and derivative control parameters:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, Δv(t) is the adjustment value of the conveyor belt speed, K p Represents the proportionality coefficient, K i Indicates the integral coefficient, K d represents the differential coefficient.

[0023] Furthermore, the adjustment result is fed back to the control system, a control model is trained based on the behavior of the control system, and the control model is compiled into the control system of the reflow furnace, including:

[0024] Feedback the adjustment results to the control system;

[0025] Acquire real-time environmental data during the circuit board welding process, wherein the real-time environmental data includes temperature, humidity, conveyor belt speed of each area in the reflow furnace, and welding current;

[0026] Clean these data and align them after cleaning;

[0027] Divide the aligned data into training set and test set;

[0028] Using the training set to train the regulation model, and then using the test set to verify and evaluate the regulation model;

[0029] The control model is then compiled into the control system of the reflow furnace to control the environment of the circuit board welding process.

[0030] The present invention provides a circuit board welding control system, the system comprising:

[0031] The speed adjustment module is used to obtain the maximum temperature setting, the minimum temperature setting and the furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace, detect the temperature of each temperature zone through the sensor, and adjust the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone based on the acquired and detected parameters;

[0032] A temperature prediction module is used to predict the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones through a temperature prediction model based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone;

[0033] A dynamic speed adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the conveyor belt speed through the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model;

[0034] The training model module is used to feed back the adjustment result to the control system, train the control model based on the behavior of the control system, and compile the control model into the control system of the reflow furnace.

[0035] Furthermore, the speed adjustment module includes:

[0036] The module for obtaining the parameters in the reflow furnace is used to obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting, minimum furnace speed of each temperature zone and the number of temperature zones in the reflow furnace, and detect the actual temperature of each temperature zone through the sensor;

[0037] The temperature adjustment module is used to adjust the speed of the conveyor belt in the reflow furnace through a dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model based on the acquired and detected parameters. Specifically, the dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model is:

[0038]

[0039] Where v(t) represents the conveyor belt speed at time t, n represents the number of temperature zones, and α i Indicates the adjustment coefficient of the i-th temperature zone, affecting the sensitivity of speed adjustment, β i represents the power coefficient of the ith temperature zone, regulating the nonlinear response of the speed change, T max，i Indicates the maximum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T min，i Indicates the minimum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T i (t) represents the actual temperature of the ith temperature zone at time t, v min，i Indicates the minimum furnace speed in the i-th temperature zone.

[0040] Furthermore, the temperature prediction module includes:

[0041] The module for obtaining real-time parameters of the circuit board is used to obtain the efficiency of heat transfer of the soldered circuit board, the position x of the circuit board in the reflow furnace, and detect the ambient temperature through the temperature sensor;

[0042] The calculation and prediction temperature module is used to predict the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones through a temperature prediction model based on the acquired and detected parameters. Specifically, the temperature prediction model is:

[0043]

[0044] Where T′(x, t) represents the temperature prediction of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t, γ represents the heat transfer efficiency parameter of the soldered circuit board, q(x, t, v(t)) represents the heat flow input of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t affected by the conveyor belt speed v(t), and h c (T, v(t)) represents the heat transfer coefficient at position x, time t and temperature T, which depends on the velocity v(t). amb Indicates the ambient temperature.

[0045] Furthermore, the dynamic speed adjustment module includes:

[0046] Obtain the deviation module, which is used to detect the real-time temperature T in the reflow oven through the temperature sensori (t), compare the real-time temperature and the predicted temperature, and obtain the existing deviation e(t) = T′(x, t)-T i (t);

[0047] Module for calculating dynamically adjusted speed values, used to adjust v(t) using proportional, integral and derivative control parameters using the PID control strategy based on the existing deviation:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, Δv(t) is the adjustment value of the conveyor belt speed, K p Represents the proportionality coefficient, K i Indicates the integral coefficient, K d represents the differential coefficient.

[0050] Furthermore, the training model module includes:

[0051] A feedback module, used for feeding back the adjustment result to the control system;

[0052] A welding process parameter acquisition module is used to acquire real-time environmental data during the circuit board welding process, wherein the real-time environmental data includes temperature, humidity, conveyor belt speed of each area in the reflow furnace, and welding current;

[0053] The preprocessing module is used to clean the data and align the data after cleaning;

[0054] The dataset partitioning module is used to divide the aligned data into training and testing sets;

[0055] A training control model module is used to train the control model using the training set, and then verify and evaluate the control model using the test set;

[0056] The compiling module is used to compile the control model into the control system of the reflow furnace to regulate the environment of the circuit board welding process.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: improving welding quality, precise temperature control and timely speed adjustment can reduce solder joint defects, such as cold welding, incomplete welding, etc., thereby improving the overall welding quality; increasing production efficiency, by dynamically adjusting the conveyor belt speed and optimizing temperature control, reducing production delays and rework caused by inappropriate temperature, thereby effectively improving the operating efficiency of the production line; reducing operating costs, the system reduces energy waste through real-time monitoring and self-adjustment, and reduces material costs by reducing scrap and rework; enhancing the system's adaptive ability, the control system can learn real-time data and self-optimize, and has better adaptability to environmental changes and small-scale changes on the production line. Through intelligent control and automated adjustment, this technical solution provides an effective method for the circuit board manufacturing industry to optimize the welding process, improve product quality and production efficiency, and reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of a circuit board welding control method according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0060] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. The embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] One embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit board welding control method, the method comprising:

[0063] Obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting and furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace, detect the temperature of each temperature zone through sensors, and adjust the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone based on the acquired and detected parameters;

[0064] Based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone, the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones is predicted by a temperature prediction model;

[0065] The conveyor belt speed is dynamically adjusted through the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model;

[0066] The adjustment result is fed back to the control system, a control model is trained based on the behavior of the control system, and the control model is compiled into the control system of the reflow furnace.

[0067] The working principle and effect of the above technical solution are as follows: initially set the maximum and minimum temperature standards for each temperature zone, and use temperature sensors to monitor the actual temperature of each temperature zone in real time to ensure that the temperature is within the set range; adjust the transfer speed of the circuit board according to the optimal temperature requirements of the circuit board in each temperature zone so that it can achieve the ideal temperature curve in each temperature zone; use the temperature prediction model to predict the temperature response of the circuit board in different temperature zones based on the transfer speed of the circuit board, which helps to optimize the temperature control setting and transmission speed; dynamically adjust the conveyor belt speed according to the real-time temperature data collected by the sensor and the output of the prediction model to ensure the temperature stability and consistency of the circuit board during the welding process, and the adjustment results will be fed back to the control system for training and optimizing the control model to further improve the efficiency and accuracy of the control strategy; after real-time data training and optimization, the control model is compiled and updated to the control system of the reflow furnace so that it can use the latest data and models to achieve more precise control. Improve welding quality. Accurate temperature control and timely speed adjustment can reduce solder joint defects such as cold welding and incomplete welding, thereby improving the overall welding quality. Increase production efficiency. By dynamically adjusting the conveyor speed and optimizing temperature control, production delays and rework caused by inappropriate temperature are reduced, thereby effectively improving the operating efficiency of the production line. Reduce operating costs. The system reduces energy waste through real-time monitoring and self-adjustment, and reduces material costs by reducing scrap and rework. Enhance the system's adaptive capabilities. The control system can learn real-time data and self-optimize, and has better adaptability to environmental changes and small-scale changes on the production line. Through intelligent control and automated adjustment, this technical solution provides an effective method for the circuit board manufacturing industry to optimize the welding process, improve product quality and production efficiency, and reduce costs.

[0068] One embodiment of the present invention is a circuit board welding control method, which obtains the maximum temperature setting, the minimum temperature setting and the furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace, detects the temperature of each temperature zone through a sensor, and adjusts the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone based on the acquired and detected parameters. It includes:

[0069] Obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting, minimum furnace speed of each temperature zone and the number of temperature zones in the reflow furnace, and detect the actual temperature of each temperature zone through sensors;

[0070] The temperature of the conveyor belt in the reflow furnace is adjusted based on the acquired and detected parameters through a dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model. Specifically, the dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model is:

[0071]

[0072] Where v(t) represents the conveyor belt speed at time t, n represents the number of temperature zones, and α i Indicates the adjustment coefficient of the i-th temperature zone, affecting the sensitivity of speed adjustment, β i represents the power coefficient of the ith temperature zone, regulating the nonlinear response of the speed change, T max，i Indicates the maximum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T min，i Indicates the minimum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T i (t) represents the actual temperature of the ith temperature zone at time t, v min，i Indicates the minimum furnace speed in the i-th temperature zone.

[0073] The working principle and effect of the above technical solution are as follows: the dynamic temperature-speed regulation model can dynamically adjust the conveyor belt speed by monitoring the actual temperature of each temperature zone in real time and comparing it with the set maximum and minimum temperature thresholds. This rapid response mechanism helps to immediately correct any temperature changes that deviate from the expected temperature, ensuring accurate temperature control during the welding process, thereby improving product quality; the parameter α used in the model i and β iDifferent degrees of sensitivity and nonlinear adjustment are allowed in different temperature zones. Each temperature zone may have different requirements for temperature accuracy according to the material and welding requirements. This design makes the adjustment more flexible and precise, and can better adapt to various complex production needs. By optimizing the speed of the circuit board through the furnace, thermal energy can be used more effectively and energy consumption can be reduced. At the same time, it ensures that the circuit board is properly heated and cooled in each temperature zone, reducing the defective rate caused by improper temperature control, thereby improving production efficiency and saving costs. The method of integrating temperature control with speed regulation improves the stability and robustness of the system to external interference (such as equipment aging, environmental changes, etc.). The system can automatically adapt to these changes without frequent manual intervention, reducing the burden on operators. The model combines real-time data with predetermined mathematical relationships to achieve a data-driven decision-making process. This data-based approach can provide a more reliable and accurate control strategy. As time accumulates and data increases, the model's predictive and regulatory capabilities can be further enhanced. By precisely controlling the temperature of the circuit board during the welding process, the quality of the welded joints can be significantly improved, and welding defects such as cold solder joints or over-soldering can be reduced, ensuring the high reliability and performance of the final product. Such a design not only promotes the optimization of the production process, but also meets strict industrial standards by stabilizing and enhancing the quality of the product, providing a scalable and sustainable solution to meet the challenges of the modern electronics manufacturing industry.

[0074] One embodiment of the present invention is a circuit board welding control method, which predicts the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones through a temperature prediction model based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone, including:

[0075] Obtain the efficiency of heat transfer of the soldered circuit board, the position x of the circuit board in the reflow oven, and detect the ambient temperature through a temperature sensor;

[0076]

[0077] Where T′(x, t) represents the temperature prediction of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t, γ represents the heat transfer efficiency parameter of the soldered circuit board, q(x, t, v(t)) represents the heat flow input of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t affected by the conveyor belt speed v(t), and h c (T, v(t)) represents the heat transfer coefficient at position x, time t and temperature T, which depends on the velocity v(t). amb Indicates the ambient temperature.

[0078] q(x, t, v(t)) = P·e -λ(x-v(t)·t)

[0079] Where P is the power of the heating source, λ is a decay coefficient indicating how quickly heat is reduced with distance, and xv(t) t is the heat influence distance of the heating source at position x at time t, taking into account the movement of the conveyor belt.

[0080] One embodiment of the present invention is a circuit board welding control method, which dynamically adjusts the conveyor belt speed through real-time temperature data collected by a temperature sensor and the output temperature of a prediction model, including:

[0081] The real-time temperature T in the reflow oven is detected by the temperature sensor i (t), compare the real-time temperature and the predicted temperature, and obtain the existing deviation e(t) = T′(x, t)-T i (t);

[0082] Based on the existing deviation, the PID control strategy is used to adjust v(t) using the proportional, integral and derivative control parameters:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, Δv(t) is the adjustment value of the conveyor belt speed, K p Represents the proportionality coefficient, K i Indicates the integral coefficient, K d represents the differential coefficient.

[0085] An embodiment of the present invention is a circuit board welding control method, which feeds back the adjustment result to the control system, trains a control model based on the behavior of the control system, and compiles the control model into the control system of the reflow furnace, including:

[0086] Feedback the adjustment results to the control system;

[0087] Acquire real-time environmental data during the circuit board welding process, wherein the real-time environmental data includes temperature, humidity, conveyor belt speed of each area in the reflow furnace, and welding current;

[0088] Clean these data and align them after cleaning;

[0089] Divide the aligned data into training set and test set;

[0090] Using the training set to train the regulation model, and then using the test set to verify and evaluate the regulation model;

[0091] The control model is then compiled into the control system of the reflow furnace to control the environment of the circuit board welding process.

[0092] One embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit board welding control system, the system comprising:

[0093] The speed adjustment module is used to obtain the maximum temperature setting, the minimum temperature setting and the furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace, detect the temperature of each temperature zone through the sensor, and adjust the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone based on the acquired and detected parameters;

[0094] A temperature prediction module is used to predict the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones through a temperature prediction model based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone;

[0095] A dynamic speed adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the conveyor belt speed through the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model;

[0096] The training model module is used to feed back the adjustment result to the control system, train the control model based on the behavior of the control system, and compile the control model into the control system of the reflow furnace.

[0097] In one embodiment of the present invention, a circuit board welding control system is provided, wherein the speed adjustment module comprises:

[0098] The module for obtaining the parameters in the reflow furnace is used to obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting, minimum furnace speed of each temperature zone and the number of temperature zones in the reflow furnace, and detect the actual temperature of each temperature zone through the sensor;

[0099] The temperature adjustment module is used to adjust the speed of the conveyor belt in the reflow furnace through a dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model based on the acquired and detected parameters. Specifically, the dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model is:

[0100]

[0101] Where v(t) represents the conveyor belt speed at time t, n represents the number of temperature zones, and α i Indicates the adjustment coefficient of the i-th temperature zone, affecting the sensitivity of speed adjustment, β i represents the power coefficient of the ith temperature zone, regulating the nonlinear response of the speed change, T max，i Indicates the maximum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T min，i Indicates the minimum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T i (t) represents the actual temperature of the ith temperature zone at time t, v min，i Indicates the minimum furnace speed in the i-th temperature zone.

[0102] In one embodiment of the present invention, a circuit board welding control system is provided, wherein the temperature prediction module comprises:

[0103] The module for obtaining real-time parameters of the circuit board is used to obtain the efficiency of heat transfer of the soldered circuit board, the position x of the circuit board in the reflow furnace, and detect the ambient temperature through the temperature sensor;

[0104] The calculation and prediction temperature module is used to predict the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones through a temperature prediction model based on the acquired and detected parameters. Specifically, the temperature prediction model is:

[0105]

[0106] Where T′(x, t) represents the temperature prediction of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t, γ represents the heat transfer efficiency parameter of the soldered circuit board, q(x, t, v(t)) represents the heat flow input of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t affected by the conveyor belt speed v(t), and h c (T, v(t)) represents the heat transfer coefficient at position x, time t and temperature T, which depends on the velocity v(t). amb Indicates the ambient temperature.

[0107] In one embodiment of the present invention, a circuit board welding control system is provided, wherein the dynamic speed adjustment module comprises:

[0108] Obtain the deviation module, which is used to detect the real-time temperature T in the reflow oven through the temperature sensor i (t), compare the real-time temperature and the predicted temperature, and obtain the existing deviation e(t) = T′(x, t)-T i (t);

[0109] Module for calculating dynamically adjusted speed values, used to adjust v(t) using proportional, integral and derivative control parameters using the PID control strategy based on the existing deviation:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, Δv(t) is the adjustment value of the conveyor belt speed, K p Represents the proportionality coefficient, K i Indicates the integral coefficient, K d represents the differential coefficient.

[0112] In one embodiment of the present invention, a circuit board welding control system is provided, wherein the training model module comprises:

[0113] A feedback module, used for feeding back the adjustment result to the control system;

[0114] A welding process parameter acquisition module is used to acquire real-time environmental data during the circuit board welding process, wherein the real-time environmental data includes temperature, humidity, conveyor belt speed of each area in the reflow furnace, and welding current;

[0115] The preprocessing module is used to clean the data and align the data after cleaning;

[0116] The dataset partitioning module is used to divide the aligned data into training and testing sets;

[0117] A training control model module is used to train the control model using the training set, and then verify and evaluate the control model using the test set;

[0118] The compiling module is used to compile the control model into the control system of the reflow furnace to regulate the environment of the circuit board welding process.

[0119] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A circuit board welding control method, It is characterized in that The method comprises: Obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting and furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace, detect the temperature of each temperature zone through sensors, and adjust the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone based on the acquired and detected parameters; Based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone, the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones is predicted by a temperature prediction model; The conveyor belt speed is dynamically adjusted through the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model; The adjustment result is fed back to the control system, a control model is trained based on the behavior of the control system, and the control model is compiled into the control system of the reflow furnace.

2. According to the circuit board welding control method described in claim 1, It is characterized in that Obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting and furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace, detect the temperature of each temperature zone through sensors, and adjust the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone based on the acquired and detected parameters, including: Obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting, minimum furnace speed of each temperature zone and the number of temperature zones in the reflow furnace, and detect the actual temperature of each temperature zone through sensors; The temperature of the conveyor belt in the reflow furnace is adjusted based on the acquired and detected parameters through a dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model. Specifically, the dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model is: Where v(t) represents the conveyor belt speed at time t, n represents the number of temperature zones, and α i Indicates the adjustment coefficient of the i-th temperature zone, affecting the sensitivity of speed adjustment, β i represents the power coefficient of the ith temperature zone, regulating the nonlinear response of the speed change, T max，i Indicates the maximum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T min，i Indicates the minimum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T i (t) represents the actual temperature of the ith temperature zone at time t, v min，i Indicates the minimum furnace speed in the i-th temperature zone.

3. According to the circuit board welding control method described in claim 1, It is characterized in that Based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone, the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones is predicted by the temperature prediction model, including: Obtain the efficiency of heat transfer of the soldered circuit board, the position x of the circuit board in the reflow oven, and detect the ambient temperature through a temperature sensor; Where T′(x, t) represents the temperature prediction of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t, γ represents the heat transfer efficiency parameter of the soldered circuit board, q(x, t, v(t)) represents the heat flow input of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t affected by the conveyor belt speed v(t), and h c (T,v(t)) represents the heat transfer coefficient at position x, time t and temperature T, which depends on the velocity v(t). amb Indicates the ambient temperature.

4. A circuit board welding control method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The conveyor belt speed is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model, including: The real-time temperature T in the reflow oven is detected by the temperature sensor i (t), compare the real-time temperature and the predicted temperature, and obtain the existing deviation e(t) = T′(x, t)-T i (t); Based on the existing deviation, a PID control strategy is used to adjust v(t) using proportional, integral and derivative control parameters: Among them, Δv(t) is the adjustment value of the conveyor belt speed, K p Represents the proportionality coefficient, K i Indicates the integral coefficient, K d represents the differential coefficient.

5. According to the circuit board welding control method described in claim 1, It is characterized in that Feeding back the adjustment result to the control system, training the control model based on the behavior of the control system, and compiling the control model into the control system of the reflow furnace, including: Feedback the adjustment results to the control system; Acquire real-time environmental data during the circuit board welding process, wherein the real-time environmental data includes temperature, humidity, conveyor belt speed of each area in the reflow furnace, and welding current; Clean these data and align them after cleaning; Divide the aligned data into training set and test set; Using the training set to train the regulation model, and then using the test set to verify and evaluate the regulation model; The control model is then compiled into the control system of the reflow furnace to control the environment of the circuit board welding process.

6. A circuit board welding control system, It is characterized in that The system comprises: The speed adjustment module is used to obtain the maximum temperature setting, the minimum temperature setting and the furnace speed of each temperature zone of the reflow furnace, detect the temperature of each temperature zone through the sensor, and adjust the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone based on the acquired and detected parameters; A temperature prediction module is used to predict the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones through a temperature prediction model based on the transfer speed of the circuit board in each temperature zone; A dynamic speed adjustment module is used to dynamically adjust the conveyor belt speed through the real-time temperature data collected by the temperature sensor and the output temperature of the prediction model; The training model module is used to feed back the adjustment result to the control system, train the control model based on the behavior of the control system, and compile the control model into the control system of the reflow furnace.

7. A circuit board welding control system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The speed adjustment module comprises: The module for obtaining the parameters in the reflow furnace is used to obtain the maximum temperature setting, minimum temperature setting, minimum furnace speed of each temperature zone and the number of temperature zones in the reflow furnace, and detect the actual temperature of each temperature zone through the sensor; The temperature adjustment module is used to adjust the speed of the conveyor belt in the reflow furnace through a dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model based on the acquired and detected parameters. Specifically, the dynamic temperature-speed adjustment model is: Where v(t) represents the conveyor belt speed at time t, n represents the number of temperature zones, and α i Indicates the adjustment coefficient of the i-th temperature zone, affecting the sensitivity of speed adjustment, β i represents the power coefficient of the ith temperature zone, regulating the nonlinear response of the speed change, T max，i Indicates the maximum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T min，i Indicates the minimum temperature setting of the ith temperature zone, T i (t) represents the actual temperature of the ith temperature zone at time t, v min，i Indicates the minimum furnace speed in the i-th temperature zone.

8. A circuit board welding control system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The predicted temperature module comprises: The module for obtaining real-time parameters of the circuit board is used to obtain the efficiency of heat transfer of the soldered circuit board, the position x of the circuit board in the reflow furnace, and detect the ambient temperature through the temperature sensor; The calculation and prediction temperature module is used to predict the temperature of the circuit board in different temperature zones through a temperature prediction model based on the acquired and detected parameters. Specifically, the temperature prediction model is: Where T′(x, t) represents the temperature prediction of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t, γ represents the heat transfer efficiency parameter of the soldered circuit board, q(x, t, v(t)) represents the heat flux input of the soldered circuit board at position x and time t affected by the conveyor belt speed v(t), and h c (T,v(t)) represents the heat transfer coefficient at position x, time t and temperature T, which depends on the velocity v(t). amb Indicates the ambient temperature.

9. A circuit board welding control system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The dynamic speed adjustment module comprises: Obtain the deviation module, which is used to detect the real-time temperature T in the reflow oven through the temperature sensor i (t), compare the real-time temperature and the predicted temperature, and obtain the existing deviation e(t) = T′(x,t)-T i (t); Module for calculating the dynamic adjustment speed value, used to adjust v(t) based on the existing deviation using the PID control strategy using proportional, integral and derivative control parameters: Among them, Δv(t) is the adjustment value of the conveyor belt speed, K p Represents the proportionality coefficient, K i Indicates the integral coefficient, K d represents the differential coefficient.

10. A circuit board welding control system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The training model module includes: A feedback module, used for feeding back the adjustment result to the control system; A welding process parameter acquisition module is used to acquire real-time environmental data during the circuit board welding process, wherein the real-time environmental data includes temperature, humidity, conveyor belt speed of each area in the reflow furnace, and welding current; The preprocessing module is used to clean the data and align the data after cleaning; The dataset partitioning module is used to divide the aligned data into training and testing sets; A training control model module is used to train the control model using the training set, and then verify and evaluate the control model using the test set; The compiling module is used to compile the control model into the control system of the reflow furnace to regulate the environment of the circuit board welding process.

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