Liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate based on TPMS structure and implementation method of liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate

Abstract

According to the liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate based on the TPMS structure and the implementation method of the liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate based on the TPMS structure, a model file of a three-dimensional TPMS porous structure is generated through K3DSurf software based on a parameter equation of a heat exchange unit, and after a complete liquid cooling cold plate model based on the TPMS structure is assembled and constructed, the liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate based on the TPMS structure is obtained through laser 3D printing. Single-phase or two-phase flow heat exchange can be carried out, and the heat dissipation capability of electronic equipment with high heat flux density can be remarkably enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology in the field of heat dissipation cold plates, in particular to a liquid-cooled heat dissipation cold plate based on a triple periodic minimum surface (TPMS) structure and a method for realizing the same. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of microelectronics technology, the widespread use of high heat flux density parts and equipment has forced electronic equipment to have higher and higher heat dissipation requirements. Studies have found that for every 10°C increase in the operating temperature of a transistor, its operating reliability decreases by 2 / 3. The increasing performance of electronic equipment has placed increasingly stringent requirements on heat dissipation design. Higher thermal design power consumption (TDP), higher heat flux density, and lower temperature control have become the three major design trends for heat dissipation cold plates. Heat transfer and heat exchange equipment has reached a bottleneck stage in terms of increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange performance per unit volume. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects of the prior art that the direct flow channel and the pin-fin flow channel are mainly used, the specific surface area is small and the heat dissipation efficiency is low, the present invention proposes a liquid cooling cold plate based on the TPMS structure and its implementation method, which can perform single-phase or two-phase flow heat exchange and can significantly enhance the heat dissipation capacity for electronic equipment with high heat flux density.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention relates to a method for realizing a liquid-cooled heat dissipation cold plate based on a TPMS structure. The method generates a model file of a three-dimensional TPMS porous structure based on a parameter equation of a heat exchange unit by using K3DSurf software, and assembles and constructs a complete liquid-cooled cold plate model based on the TPMS structure, and then obtains the model by laser 3D printing.

[0006] The heat exchange unit adopts Fischer-Koch S, Gyroid, Diamond, Primitive, I-WP or F-RD in the TPMS structure, preferably a Fischer-Koch S unit cell structure.

[0007] The parametric equation is: cos(2x)×siny×cosz+cos(2y)×sinz×cosx+cos(2z)×sinx×cosy=0, wherein: x, y, z are three coordinates in the three-dimensional space, and the equation forms a triple periodic minimal surface in the space.

[0008] The present invention relates to a liquid cooling and heat dissipation cold plate based on a TPMS structure obtained based on the above method, comprising: a cold plate heat dissipation shell, an embedded thermal interface material arranged on the upper thermal contact surface of the cold plate heat dissipation shell by key bonding, an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline arranged on both sides of the cold plate heat dissipation shell, and a TPMS array composed of a Fischer-Koch S unit cell structure arranged in the cold plate heat dissipation shell. Technical Effects

[0009] The present invention uses the TPMS porous structure as a unit body, forms an array to form a heat exchange channel for the liquid cooling cold plate, and is designed as a complete liquid cooling cold plate. It is produced by metal additive manufacturing, and the heat exchange area is increased by more than 5 times compared with the existing cold plate structure. The integrated cold plate design can achieve lower thermal resistance than existing products, the temperature difference between the heat source temperature and the heat dissipation medium can be controlled within 5°C, and the heat flux density of single-phase heat exchange reaches 177W / cm 2 The heat flux density of two-phase heat exchange reaches 298W / cm 2 Compared with the existing direct current cold plate, the heat exchange capacity is increased by 50-190%, while the flow resistance is almost the same as that of the existing direct current cold plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional perspective structural diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a side sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 It is the Fischer-Koch unit cell structure diagram in the triple periodic minimum surface (TPMS), that is, the unit cell of the cold plate heat exchange structure of the device;

[0013] Figure 4 Comparison of the specific surface areas of four TPMS structures and existing liquid cooling cold plates;

[0014] Figure 5 The cross-sectional velocity and temperature cloud diagrams of the internal flow and heat transfer behind the TPMS planar array;

[0015] In the figure: cold plate heat dissipation housing 1, upper thermal contact surface 2, embedded thermal interface material 3, inlet pipeline 4, outlet pipeline 5, TPMS array 6, inlet cavity 7, outlet cavity 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] This embodiment relates to a method for implementing a liquid cooling cold plate based on a TPMS structure, using a typical Fischer-Koch structure in a TPMS porous structure as a heat exchange unit, selecting a metal material as a substrate, and 3D printing. The specific steps include:

[0017] Step 1: Use Wolfram software to construct the typical TPMS structure Fischer-Koch S unit cell structure, specifically: cos(2x)×siny×cosz+cos(2y)×sinz×cosx+cos(2z)×sinx×cosy=0, where: x, y, z are three coordinates in three-dimensional space, and the equation forms a triple periodic minimal surface in space.

[0018] Step 2: Enter the formula shown in step 1 in the K3DSurf software, obtain the unit cell structure surface of the TPMS lattice material, and then export it as a CAD file in obj format.

[0019] Step 3: Convert the CAD file in the obj format described in step 2 into a CAD file in the stl format, implement Boolean operations in the UG software, add thickness, and obtain a three-dimensional TPMS porous structure.

[0020] Step 4: Planar array the obtained unit cell structure in Solidworks, and design and add fluid inlet and outlet cavities, shells, and inlet and outlet pipeline structures to obtain a complete liquid-cooled cold plate stl format model based on the TPMS structure.

[0021] Step 5: Use copper, aluminum or stainless steel as a material to perform laser 3D printing on the above-mentioned liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate based on the TPMS structure to obtain a liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate based on the TPMS structure.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the present embodiment relates to a liquid cooling cold plate based on a TPMS structure obtained by the above method, comprising: a cold plate heat dissipation shell 1, an embedded thermal interface material 3 arranged on the upper thermal contact surface of the cold plate heat dissipation shell 1 by key bonding, an inlet pipe 4 and an outlet pipe 5 arranged on both sides of the cold plate heat dissipation shell 1, and a TPMS array 6 composed of a Fischer-Koch unit cell structure arranged in the cold plate heat dissipation shell 1.

[0023] The TPMS structure described above may also adopt Gyroid, Diamond, Primitive, I-WP or F-RD in other occasions, and the corresponding construction formulas are shown in Table 1.

[0024] Table 1

[0025] The embedded thermal interface material 3 is preferably made of copper, diamond, copper / diamond composite material or copper / graphene composite material.

[0026] The embedded thermal interface material 3 is preferably disposed on the cover surface of the heat exchange area 6 corresponding to the TPMS array.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the TPMS array 6 is arranged in the middle of the cold plate heat dissipation housing 1, with an inlet cavity 7 and an outlet cavity 8 on both sides.

[0028] The unit cell porous structure used in the flow channel formed by the TPMS array 6 is generated by the implicit function mathematical expression and setting parameters involved in the above method.

[0029] like Figure 3 The figure shows the Fischer-Koch unit cell structure diagram in the triple periodic minimum surface (TPMS), which is the unit cell of the cold plate heat exchange structure of the device. The surface structure of the unit cell is produced by mathematical equations, the flow channel is continuous and smooth, and it shows a large specific surface area. The fluid is fully disturbed in the flow channel behind the array, taking away a lot of heat.

[0030] Preferably, the 3D printing parameters are as follows: wavelength 515nm, laser power 280W, scanning speed 1000mm / s, track spacing 80μm, layer thickness 30μm, printing disc diameter 0.15mm, and oxygen content less than 100ppm.

[0031] After specific actual experiments, the TPMS liquid cooling plate was used as the evaporator in a pump-driven two-phase cooling system with R134a as the working fluid at an ambient temperature of 15°C and a heat load of 10kW. The system was operated at a flow rate of 10L / min. The experimental data obtained were: the flow resistance in the heat exchange area was 26kPa, and the maximum heat flux density that could be achieved was 298W / cm 2 . The cold fluid flows from the inlet pipe 4 into the flow heat exchange cavity 7. After being evenly distributed, the fluid flows into the TPMS array heat exchange area 6, and intense flow heat exchange is carried out inside. Finally, it flows out to the outlet flow heat exchange cavity 8, and then flows out from the outlet pipe 5. After the heat is generated by the electronic device, it is introduced into the cold plate device through the embedded thermal interface material 3, and after a short diffusion on the upper thermal contact surface 2, it is conducted into the solid wall surface of the TPMS array heat exchange area 6, and the heat is taken out from the outlet after the cold fluid flows in and conducts convection heat exchange.

[0032] The fluid inlet cavity 7 and the fluid outlet cavity 8 contribute to the uniform distribution of the fluid, buffer the fluid, and stabilize the instability that may occur during the flow.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, by comparing the specific surface areas of the four TPMS structures with the existing liquid-cooled cold plates, it can be seen that the Fischer-Koch used in the design has great advantages over the other TPMS structures and the existing liquid-cooled cold plates.

[0034] like Figure 4The figure shows the cross-sectional velocity and temperature cloud diagrams of the internal flow heat transfer behind the TPMS planar array. The cooling fluid fully contacts the wall of the TPMS heat transfer area in a limited space, generating a large amount of disturbance, and efficiently taking heat out of the solid wall.

[0035] The TPMS liquid cooling cold plate of the present invention is produced by copper 3D printing under the cold plate size of 80×120×30mm. Compared with the existing direct current cold plate, the present invention has a heat flux density of 100W / cm 2 When the water is used as the cooling medium, it flows into the liquid cooling plate based on the TPMS structure to cool the electronic equipment. According to the test, when the water flow rate is 0.2m / s, the hot surface junction temperature is 69℃; when the water flow rate is 0.4m / s, the hot surface junction temperature is 58℃. In addition, if the thermal interface temperature is kept at 90℃, the maximum heat flux density that the cold plate can achieve is 177W / cm 2 , using two-phase heat exchange can reach 298W / cm 2 It can be seen that the heat exchange capacity of the present invention is improved by 50-190%, while the flow resistance is almost the same as that of the existing straight channel cold plate.

[0036] The above-mentioned specific implementation can be partially adjusted in different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle and purpose of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the claims and shall not be limited by the above-mentioned specific implementation. Each implementation scheme within its scope shall be subject to the constraints of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for implementing a liquid cooling cold plate based on a TPMS structure, characterized in that: The model file of the three-dimensional TPMS porous structure was generated by K3DSurf software based on the parametric equation of the heat exchange unit, and a complete liquid-cooled cold plate model based on the TPMS structure was assembled and constructed, and then obtained by laser 3D printing.

2. The method for implementing a liquid cooling cold plate based on a TPMS structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange unit adopts Fischer-Koch S, Gyroid, Diamond, Primitive, I-WP or F-RD in the TPMS structure.

3. The method for implementing a liquid cooling cold plate based on a TPMS structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The parametric equation is: cos(2x)×siny×cosz+cos(2y)×sinz×cosx+cos(2z)×sinx×cosy=0, wherein: x, y, z are three coordinates in the three-dimensional space, and the equation forms a triple periodic minimal surface in the space.

4. The method for implementing a liquid cooling cold plate based on a TPMS structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Use Wolfram software to construct the Fischer-Koch S unit cell structure of the typical TPMS structure, which is: cos(2x)×siny×cosz+cos(2y)×sinz×cosx+cos(2z)×sinx×cosy=0, where x, y, and z are three coordinates in the three-dimensional space. This equation forms a triple periodic minimal surface in the space. Step 2: Enter the formula shown in step 1 in the K3DSurf software, obtain the unit cell structure surface of the TPMS lattice material, and export it as a CAD file in obj format; Step 3: convert the CAD file in the obj format described in step 2 into a CAD file in the stl format, implement Boolean operations in the UG software, add thickness, and obtain a three-dimensional TPMS porous structure; Step 4: Planar array the obtained unit cell structure in Solidworks, and design and add fluid inlet and outlet cavities, shells, and inlet and outlet pipeline structures to obtain a complete liquid cooling cold plate stl format model based on the TPMS structure; Step 5: Use copper, aluminum or stainless steel as a material to perform laser 3D printing on the above-mentioned liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate based on the TPMS structure to obtain a liquid cooling heat dissipation cold plate based on the TPMS structure.

5. A liquid cooling cold plate based on a TPMS structure prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: A cold plate heat dissipation shell, an embedded thermal interface material arranged on the upper thermal contact surface of the cold plate heat dissipation shell through key bonding, an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline arranged on both sides of the cold plate heat dissipation shell, and a TPMS array composed of a Fischer-Koch S unit cell structure arranged in the cold plate heat dissipation shell.

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