Hook body assembly detection and maintenance assembly line and hook body assembly detection and maintenance method
By designing the hook body assembly inspection and maintenance assembly line, using an annular conveying mechanism and multi-directional flip tooling, the inspection steps are refined, and the problem of inefficient inspection and maintenance of hook body in the existing technology is solved, and efficient and safe hook body and hook tongue are achieved. Maintenance process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411280703.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-13
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, hook body inspection and maintenance are inefficient and unsafe, and lack of flow-through operations, resulting in workers requiring a large amount of manual operations and multiple transfers, increasing safety risks.
A hook body assembly inspection and maintenance assembly line is designed, including hook body circulation maintenance line and hook tongue maintenance line. Through an annular conveying mechanism and multi-directional flip tooling, the inspection and maintenance steps are refined, and hydraulic disassembly and assembly tools are used, shot blasting machine, Flaw detection machines, paint spraying equipment, etc., realize assembly line operations and reduce worker operations and material transfer.
It improves the work efficiency and accuracy of inspection and maintenance, reduces worker operations, enhances work safety, and realizes efficient maintenance and assembly of hook bodies and hook tongues.
Smart Images
Figure CN119141254A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of railway coupler detection, and in particular to a hook body component detection and maintenance production line and a hook body component detection and maintenance method. Background Art
[0002] Railway vehicles need regular maintenance, including the coupler. The coupler consists of a hook body assembly, a hook tail frame, and a buffer. The hook body assembly is further divided into a hook body, a hook tongue, and a hook cavity. Figure 1 As shown, the hook cavity accessories include bushings, hook tongue pins, hook locks, hook tongue push irons, locking pins and other accessories. The coupler needs to be regularly inspected. Due to the large number of parts, the hook tongue also needs regular flaw detection. The prior art lacks a corresponding maintenance assembly line. Workers need to transport the corresponding components to designated locations for inspection and maintenance. After the maintenance of a single component is completed, it is transported to the assembly machine for assembly. This requires a lot of manual operation and has not formed a streamlined operation. The disassembly and inspection efficiency is low. At the same time, due to the heavy weight of the hook body, too many transportation processes will also lead to reduced operation safety. Summary of the invention
[0003] The problem solved by the invention is that the detection and maintenance of the hook body in the prior art is inefficient and unsafe, and provides a hook body component detection and maintenance production line and a hook body component detection and maintenance method.
[0004] The present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a hook assembly detection and maintenance line, comprising:
[0005] The storage rack for maintenance is used to place the couplers waiting for maintenance.
[0006] The universal coupler and buffer dismantling machine is used to dismantle the coupler to be repaired and dismantle the coupler into the hook body assembly, the coupler tail frame and the buffer;
[0007] The hook body circulation maintenance line comprises a ring conveying mechanism, on which a plurality of multi-directional turning toolings are arranged; the hook body circulation maintenance line is divided into a first loading area, a disassembly area, a maintenance area, an assembly area, a three-state test area, and a first unloading area according to the functional areas from the starting point to the end point; the first loading area is used to install the hook body assembly on the multi-directional turning tooling, the disassembly area is used to remove the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body assembly, the maintenance area is used to detect the size of the hook body and to repair and polish the defective hook body, the assembly area is used to install the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body, the three-state test area is used to test the three states of the coupler being unlocked, fully opened, and locked, and the first unloading area is used to remove the overhauled coupler from the multi-directional turning tooling;
[0008] Shot blasting machine is used to blast the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories disassembled from the hook cycle maintenance line.
[0009] The hook tongue maintenance line is located downstream of the shot blasting machine. The hook tongue maintenance line is divided into a second loading area, a flaw detection area, an inspection area, a painting area, a drying area, and a second unloading area according to the functional areas from the starting point to the end point; the second loading area is used to load the hook tongue after shot blasting onto the hook tongue maintenance line, the flaw detection area is used to magnetize the hook tongue and spray magnetic suspension, the inspection area is used to detect the damage of the hook tongue, the painting area is used to spray paint on the surface of the hook tongue, the drying area is used to dry the hook tongue after painting, and the second unloading area is used to unload the dried hook tongue;
[0010] It also includes five material conveying lines:
[0011] The material conveying line of the hook from the storage rack to be repaired to the universal dismantling machine of the hook;
[0012] The hook body is conveyed from the universal dismantling machine of the hook buffer to the material conveying line of the first loading area;
[0013] The material conveying line of the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories from the decomposition area to the shot blasting machine;
[0014] The material conveying line of the hook cavity accessories from the shot blasting machine to the assembly area;
[0015] The material conveying line of the hook tongue from the second unloading area to the assembly area;
[0016] The above five material conveying lines are realized by overhead crane or forklift.
[0017] Furthermore, the multi-directional flip tooling includes two vertical brackets, on which a pitch bracket is rotatably arranged, and the pitch bracket can be adjusted in pitch by rotating a hand wheel, and a rotating bracket is arranged on the pitch bracket, and the rotating bracket is used to fix the hook body, and the rotating bracket can be rotated in a circle by rotating another hand wheel, and the hook body on the multi-directional flip tooling can achieve pitch adjustment and circular rotation with the length direction as the axis.
[0018] Furthermore, the decomposition area is provided with a first cantilever crane, on which a hydraulic disassembly tool capable of disassembling the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body is hung; the assembly area is provided with a second cantilever crane, on which the second cantilever crane and the second cantilever crane are hung hydraulic assembly tools capable of installing the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body.
[0019] Further, the three-state test area includes an upper test bracket, the upper test bracket is provided with an upper-acting hook three-state test module, the upper-acting hook three-state test module includes an upper-acting hook three-state test shaft rotatably arranged on the upper test bracket, the upper-acting hook three-state test shaft is fixedly connected with an upper drive plate and a shaft drive handle, the upper drive plate is arranged above a plurality of flip toolings, and the upper drive plate is connected with an upper traction chain; the lower-acting hook three-state test module includes a lower test base, the lower test base is rotatably provided with a lower-acting hook three-state test drive shaft, one end of the lower-acting hook three-state test drive shaft is rotatably connected with a hook head locking rod, and the other end is fixedly connected with a lower drive handle.
[0020] Furthermore, the second loading area is provided with a third cantilever crane, and the flaw detection area is provided with a flaw detector, including a stepping conveying mechanism, a magnetizing mechanism, and a magnetic suspension spraying mechanism. The third cantilever crane can move the hook tongue from the hopper of the shot blasting machine to the stepping conveying mechanism. The magnetizing mechanism includes two X-direction coils, one Y-direction coil, and one Z-direction coil. The X-direction coil, the Y-direction coil, and the Z-direction coil are made by bending conductive bars. Each group of coils is arranged with multiple turns, and each turn of the coils is insulated by an insulating plate and fastened with insulating bolts in the middle. Each coil constitutes a square barrel with two through ends. The magnetizing mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the stepping conveying mechanism, leaving a channel in the middle for the hook tongue to pass through.
[0021] Furthermore, the inspection area is provided with a first plate chain conveyor, a testing platform, and a fourth cantilever crane. The first plate chain conveyor is connected to the rear of the stepping conveying mechanism, the testing platform is fixed next to the first plate chain conveyor, and the fourth cantilever crane can move the hook tongue on the first plate chain conveyor to the testing platform for observation, or unload the hook tongue that fails the inspection, and a scrap material frame is provided next to the fourth cantilever crane.
[0022] Furthermore, the paint spraying area is provided with a first three-axis manipulator, a paint spraying box, and a paint spraying equipment, and the drying area is provided with a second plate chain conveyor and a drying box. The first three-axis manipulator connects the inspection area and the drying area behind, and the second plate chain conveyor passes through the drying box.
[0023] Furthermore, the second unloading area is provided with a second three-axis manipulator for unloading the hook tongue from the second plate chain conveyor into the material frame.
[0024] Another aspect of the present invention provides a hook assembly detection and maintenance method, the steps are as follows:
[0025] S1, using a universal hook-buffer disassembly machine to disassemble the coupler into a hook body assembly, a hook tail frame, and a buffer;
[0026] S2, conveying the hook body assembly to the hook body circulation maintenance line, and installing the hook body assembly on the multi-directional flip tool in the first loading area, and the multi-directional flip tool is conveyed by the ring conveying mechanism;
[0027] S3, in the disassembly area, the operator controls the first cantilever crane and uses the hydraulic disassembly tool to disassemble the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body assembly. The removed hook tongue and hook cavity accessories are transported to the shot blasting machine for shot blasting. After the shot blasting is completed, the hook tongue is sent to the hook tongue maintenance line for flaw detection, painting, and drying in sequence;
[0028] S4, measure the size of the hook body in the maintenance area, and perform repair welding and grinding on the defective hook body;
[0029] S5, in the assembly area, the operator controls the second cantilever crane and uses the hydraulic assembly tool mounted on it to assemble the repaired hook tongue and hook cavity accessories onto the hook body;
[0030] S6, in the three-state test area, the three-state test of the upper-acting coupler is to manually pull the upper traction chain, and the upper traction chain pulls the upper locking pin to achieve the three-state conversion of the coupler tongue, while the lower-acting coupler uses a crowbar lever composed of a drive shaft and a hook head locking rod, and the hook head locking rod pushes the lower locking pin to achieve the three-state conversion of the coupler tongue;
[0031] S7, in the first unloading area, unload the coupler that has passed the three-state test.
[0032] Furthermore, S3 also includes:
[0033] S301, in the second loading area, the hook tongue is hoisted to the stepping conveying mechanism of the flaw detector by the third cantilever crane;
[0034] S302, the stepping conveying mechanism moves the hook tongue forward step by step, and through the magnetizing mechanism, two X-direction coils, one Y-direction coil, and one Z-direction coil perform composite magnetization, and the magnetic suspension is sprayed by the magnetic suspension spraying mechanism;
[0035] S303, in the inspection area, the hook tongue is conveyed by the first plate chain conveyor, and the operator moves the hook tongue to the inspection table for observation by the fourth cantilever crane. After the inspection is qualified, the hook tongue is moved to the first plate chain conveyor. If the inspection is unqualified, the unqualified hook tongue is unloaded and placed in the scrap material box;
[0036] S304, in the painting area, the hook tongue is grabbed by the first three-axis mechanical axis and sent into the paint spraying box, the paint spraying equipment is turned on, and the paint is evenly sprayed on the surface of the hook tongue;
[0037] S305, after the painting is completed, the first three-axis manipulator places the hook tongue on the second plate chain conveyor, and the second plate chain conveyor slowly passes the hook tongue through a drying box to dry the paint on the surface of the hook tongue;
[0038] S306, the hook tongue after paint drying is unloaded by the second three-axis manipulator;
[0039] S307, transporting the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories to the assembly area to wait for assembly.
[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0041] The present invention divides the hook body maintenance into two main maintenance lines through the assembly line, namely the hook body circulation maintenance line and the hook tongue maintenance line, wherein the hook tongue maintenance line is a straight line of the hook body circulation maintenance line, the hook body circulation maintenance line is provided with a first loading area, a decomposition area, a maintenance area, an assembly area, a three-state test area, and a first unloading area, the hook tongue maintenance line is provided with a second loading area, a flaw detection area, an inspection area, a painting area, a drying area, a second unloading area, and a shot blasting machine for the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories is added in the middle, the overall assembly line operation mode is adopted, the detection and maintenance steps are refined, so that each worker only needs to deal with the work of a corresponding process, and the material transfer is completed by each conveyor line, which greatly increases the work efficiency of detection and maintenance and improves the detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0042] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a coupler body;
[0043] Figure 2 It is a plan layout diagram of a hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to the present invention;
[0044] Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of a hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to the present invention;
[0045] Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of the hook body circulation maintenance line of the present invention;
[0046] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-directional flip tool;
[0047] Figure 6 This is the layout diagram of the three-state test area;
[0048] Figure 7 A three-dimensional view of the hook-knuckle repair line;
[0049] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional view of the painting area, drying area, and the second unloading area;
[0050] Fig. 9 Flowchart of the maintenance method for hook body assembly inspection.
[0051] In the figure:
[0052] 100 Storage rack for maintenance;
[0053] 200 hook and buffer universal dismantling machine;
[0054] 300 hook body cycle maintenance line; 301 ring conveying mechanism; 302 multi-directional turning tooling; 303 first cantilever crane; 304 second cantilever crane; 305 upper test bracket; 306 upper action hook three-state test module; 307 lower action hook three-state test module;
[0055] 400 shot blasting machine;
[0056] 500 hook tongue maintenance line; 501 third cantilever crane; 502 flaw detector; 5021 stepping conveyor mechanism; 5022 magnetizing mechanism; 503 first plate chain conveyor; 504 testing table; 505 fourth cantilever crane; 506 first three-axis manipulator; 507 paint spraying box; 508 paint spraying equipment; 509 second plate chain conveyor; 510 drying box; 511 second three-axis manipulator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0057] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0058] like Figure 2-9 As shown, a hook assembly detection and maintenance line includes:
[0059] The storage rack for maintenance is used to place the couplers waiting for maintenance.
[0060] The universal coupler and buffer dismantling machine is used to dismantle the coupler to be repaired and dismantle the coupler into the hook body assembly, the coupler tail frame and the buffer;
[0061] The hook body circulation maintenance line comprises a ring conveying mechanism, on which a plurality of multi-directional turning toolings are arranged; the hook body circulation maintenance line is divided into a first loading area, a disassembly area, a maintenance area, an assembly area, a three-state test area, and a first unloading area according to the functional areas from the starting point to the end point; the first loading area is used to install the hook body assembly on the multi-directional turning tooling, the disassembly area is used to remove the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body assembly, the maintenance area is used to detect the size of the hook body and to repair and polish the defective hook body, the assembly area is used to install the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body, the three-state test area is used to test the three states of the coupler being unlocked, fully opened, and locked, and the first unloading area is used to remove the overhauled coupler from the multi-directional turning tooling;
[0062] In actual application, the multi-directional flip tooling includes two vertical brackets, on which a pitch bracket is rotatably arranged, and the pitch bracket can be adjusted in pitch by rotating a hand wheel. A rotating bracket is arranged on the pitch bracket, and the rotating bracket is used to fix the hook body, and the rotating bracket can be rotated in a circle by rotating another hand wheel. The hook body on the multi-directional flip tooling can achieve pitch adjustment and circular rotation with the length direction as the axis.
[0063] In actual application, the decomposition area is provided with a first cantilever crane, and the first cantilever crane is hung with a hydraulic disassembly tool capable of disassembling the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body; the assembly area is provided with a second cantilever crane, and the second cantilever crane and the second cantilever crane are hung with a hydraulic assembly tool capable of installing the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body.
[0064] In actual application, the three-state test area includes an upper test bracket, and the upper test bracket is provided with an upper-acting hook three-state test module. The upper-acting hook three-state test module includes an upper-acting hook three-state test shaft rotatably arranged on the upper test bracket, and the upper-acting hook three-state test shaft is fixedly connected with an upper drive plate and a shaft drive handle, and the upper drive plate is arranged above a plurality of flip toolings, and the upper drive plate is connected with an upper traction chain; the lower-acting hook three-state test module includes a lower test base, and the lower test base is rotatably provided with a lower-acting hook three-state test drive shaft, one end of the lower-acting hook three-state test drive shaft is rotatably connected with a hook head locking rod, and the other end is fixedly connected with a lower drive handle.
[0065] Shot blasting machine is used to blast the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories disassembled from the hook cycle maintenance line.
[0066] The hook tongue maintenance line is located downstream of the shot blasting machine. The hook tongue maintenance line is divided into a second loading area, a flaw detection area, an inspection area, a painting area, a drying area, and a second unloading area according to the functional areas from the starting point to the end point; the second loading area is used to load the hook tongue after shot blasting onto the hook tongue maintenance line, the flaw detection area is used to magnetize the hook tongue and spray magnetic suspension, the inspection area is used to detect the damage of the hook tongue, the painting area is used to spray paint on the surface of the hook tongue, the drying area is used to dry the hook tongue after painting, and the second unloading area is used to unload the dried hook tongue;
[0067] In actual application, the second loading area is provided with a third cantilever crane, and the flaw detection area is provided with a flaw detector, including a stepping conveying mechanism, a magnetizing mechanism, and a magnetic suspension spraying mechanism. The third cantilever crane can move the hook tongue from the hopper of the shot blasting machine to the stepping conveying mechanism. The magnetizing mechanism includes two X-direction coils, one Y-direction coil, and one Z-direction coil. The X-direction coil, the Y-direction coil, and the Z-direction coil are made by bending conductive bars. Each group of coils is arranged with multiple turns, and each turn of the coils is insulated by an insulating plate. The middle is fastened with insulating bolts, and each coil constitutes a square barrel with two through ends. The magnetizing mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the stepping conveying mechanism, leaving a channel in the middle for the hook tongue to pass through.
[0068] In actual application, the inspection area is provided with a first plate chain conveyor, a testing platform, and a fourth cantilever crane. The first plate chain conveyor is connected to the rear of the stepping conveying mechanism, the testing platform is fixed next to the first plate chain conveyor, and the fourth cantilever crane can move the hook tongue on the first plate chain conveyor to the testing platform for observation, or unload the hook tongue that fails the inspection. A scrap material frame is provided next to the fourth cantilever crane.
[0069] In actual application, the paint spraying area is provided with a first three-axis manipulator, a paint spraying box, and a paint spraying equipment; the drying area is provided with a second plate chain conveyor and a drying box; the first three-axis manipulator connects the inspection area and the drying area behind; and the second plate chain conveyor passes through the drying box.
[0070] In practical applications, the second unloading area is provided with a second three-axis manipulator for unloading the hook tongue from the second plate chain conveyor into the material frame.
[0071] It also includes five material conveying lines:
[0072] The material conveying line of the hook from the storage rack to be repaired to the universal dismantling machine of the hook;
[0073] The hook body is conveyed from the universal dismantling machine of the hook buffer to the material conveying line of the first loading area;
[0074] The material conveying line of the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories from the decomposition area to the shot blasting machine;
[0075] The material conveying line of the hook cavity accessories from the shot blasting machine to the assembly area;
[0076] The material conveying line of the hook tongue from the second unloading area to the assembly area;
[0077] The above five material conveying lines are realized by overhead crane or forklift.
[0078] The present invention divides the hook body maintenance into two main maintenance lines through the assembly line, namely the hook body circulation maintenance line and the hook tongue maintenance line, wherein the hook tongue maintenance line is a straight line of the hook body circulation maintenance line, the hook body circulation maintenance line is provided with a first loading area, a decomposition area, a maintenance area, an assembly area, a three-state test area, and a first unloading area, the hook tongue maintenance line is provided with a second loading area, a flaw detection area, an inspection area, a painting area, a drying area, a second unloading area, and a shot blasting machine for the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories is added in the middle, the overall assembly line operation mode is adopted, the detection and maintenance steps are refined, so that each worker only needs to deal with the work of a corresponding process, and the material transfer is completed by each conveyor line, which greatly increases the work efficiency of detection and maintenance and improves the detection accuracy.
[0079] Another aspect of the present invention provides a hook assembly detection and maintenance method, the steps are as follows:
[0080] S1, using a universal hook-buffer disassembly machine to disassemble the coupler into a hook body assembly, a hook tail frame, and a buffer;
[0081] S2, conveying the hook body assembly to the hook body circulation maintenance line, and installing the hook body assembly on the multi-directional flip tool in the first loading area, and the multi-directional flip tool is conveyed by the ring conveying mechanism;
[0082] S3, in the disassembly area, the operator controls the first cantilever crane and uses the hydraulic disassembly tool to disassemble the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body assembly. The removed hook tongue and hook cavity accessories are transported to the shot blasting machine for shot blasting. After the shot blasting is completed, the hook tongue is sent to the hook tongue maintenance line for flaw detection, painting, and drying in sequence;
[0083] S4, measure the size of the hook body in the maintenance area, and perform repair welding and grinding on the defective hook body;
[0084] S5, in the assembly area, the operator controls the second cantilever crane and uses the hydraulic assembly tool mounted on it to assemble the repaired hook tongue and hook cavity accessories onto the hook body;
[0085] S6, in the three-state test area, the three-state test of the upper-acting coupler is to manually pull the upper traction chain, and the upper traction chain pulls the upper locking pin to achieve the three-state conversion of the coupler tongue, while the lower-acting coupler uses a crowbar lever composed of a drive shaft and a hook head locking rod, and the hook head locking rod pushes the lower locking pin to achieve the three-state conversion of the coupler tongue;
[0086] S7, in the first unloading area, unload the coupler that has passed the three-state test.
[0087] Furthermore, S3 also includes:
[0088] S301, in the second loading area, the hook tongue is hoisted to the stepping conveying mechanism of the flaw detector by the third cantilever crane;
[0089] S302, the stepping conveying mechanism moves the hook tongue forward step by step, and through the magnetizing mechanism, two X-direction coils, one Y-direction coil, and one Z-direction coil perform composite magnetization, and the magnetic suspension is sprayed by the magnetic suspension spraying mechanism;
[0090] S303, in the inspection area, the hook tongue is conveyed by the first plate chain conveyor, and the operator moves the hook tongue to the inspection table for observation by the fourth cantilever crane. After the inspection is qualified, the hook tongue is moved to the first plate chain conveyor. If the inspection is unqualified, the unqualified hook tongue is unloaded and placed in the scrap material box;
[0091] S304, in the painting area, the hook tongue is grabbed by the first three-axis mechanical axis and sent into the paint spraying box, the paint spraying equipment is turned on, and the paint is evenly sprayed on the surface of the hook tongue;
[0092] S305, after the painting is completed, the first three-axis manipulator places the hook tongue on the second plate chain conveyor, and the second plate chain conveyor slowly passes the hook tongue through a drying box to dry the paint on the surface of the hook tongue;
[0093] S306, the hook tongue after paint drying is unloaded by the second three-axis manipulator;
[0094] S307, transporting the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories to the assembly area to wait for assembly.
[0095] To sum up, the hook body assembly inspection and maintenance assembly line described in the present invention adopts the assembly line operation method as a whole, refines the inspection and maintenance steps, and allows each worker to only deal with the work of a corresponding process. The material transfer is completed by each conveyor line, which greatly increases the work efficiency of inspection and maintenance and improves the inspection accuracy.
[0096] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above implementation is only to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it, and it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A hook assembly inspection and maintenance line, characterized in that: include: A storage rack (100) for storing the hooks to be repaired; A universal hook and buffer disassembling machine (200) is used to disassemble a coupler to be repaired, and disassemble the coupler into a hook body assembly, a hook tail frame, and a buffer; A hook body circulation maintenance line (300) comprises a ring-shaped conveying mechanism (301), on which a plurality of multi-directional turning toolings (302) are arranged; the hook body circulation maintenance line (300) is divided into a first loading area, a disassembly area, a maintenance area, an assembly area, a three-state test area, and a first unloading area according to functional areas from a starting point to an end point; the first loading area is used to install a hook body assembly on the multi-directional turning tooling (302), the disassembly area is used to remove a hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body assembly, the maintenance area is used to detect the size of the hook body and to repair and polish a defective hook body, the assembly area is used to install the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body, the three-state test area is used to test the three states of the coupler being unlocked, fully opened, and locked, and the first unloading area is used to remove the repaired coupler from the multi-directional turning tooling (302); A shot blasting machine (400) is used to shot blast the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories disassembled from the hook body circulation maintenance line (300); A hook tongue maintenance line (500) is located downstream of the shot blasting machine (400), and the hook tongue maintenance line (500) is divided into a second loading area, a flaw detection area, an inspection area, a painting area, a drying area, and a second unloading area according to functional areas from a starting point to an end point; the second loading area is used to load the hook tongue after shot blasting onto the hook tongue maintenance line (500), the flaw detection area is used to magnetize the hook tongue and spray magnetic suspension, the inspection area is used to detect the damage of the hook tongue, the painting area is used to spray paint on the surface of the hook tongue, the drying area is used to dry the hook tongue after painting, and the second unloading area is used to unload the dried hook tongue; It also includes five material conveying lines: The material conveying line of the hook from the storage rack to be repaired (100) to the universal hook dismantling machine (200); The hook body is connected to a material conveying line from a hook-buffer universal dismantling machine (200) to a first loading area; A material conveying line for the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories from the decomposition area to the shot blasting machine (400); The hook cavity fittings are conveyed from the shot blasting machine (400) to the material conveying line of the assembly area; The material conveying line of the hook tongue from the second unloading area to the assembly area; The above five material conveying lines are realized by overhead crane or forklift.
2. A hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-directional flip tool (302) comprises two vertical brackets, on which pitch brackets are rotatably arranged, and the pitch brackets can be pitch-adjusted by rotating a hand wheel, and a rotating bracket is arranged on the pitch bracket, and the rotating bracket is used to fix the hook body, and the rotating bracket can be rotated in a circle by rotating another hand wheel, and the hook body on the multi-directional flip tool (302) can achieve pitch adjustment and circular rotation with the length direction as the axis.
3. The hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decomposition area is provided with a first cantilever crane (303), and the first cantilever crane (303) is hung with a hydraulic disassembly tool capable of disassembling the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body; the assembly area is provided with a second cantilever crane (304), and the second cantilever crane (304) and the second cantilever crane (304) are hung with a hydraulic assembly tool capable of installing the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body.
4. The hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-state test area includes an upper test bracket (305), the upper test bracket (305) is provided with an upper-acting hook three-state test module (306), the upper-acting hook three-state test module (306) includes an upper-acting hook three-state test shaft rotatably arranged on the upper test bracket (305), the upper-acting hook three-state test shaft is fixedly connected to an upper drive plate and a shaft drive handle, the upper drive plate is arranged above a plurality of flipping toolings, and the upper drive plate is connected to an upper traction chain; a lower-acting hook three-state test module (307), including a lower test base, the lower test base is rotatably provided with a lower-acting hook three-state test drive shaft, one end of the lower-acting hook three-state test drive shaft is rotatably connected to a hook head locking rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to a lower drive handle.
5. The hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second loading area is provided with a third cantilever crane (501), and the flaw detection area is provided with a flaw detector (502), including a stepping conveying mechanism (5021), a magnetizing mechanism (5022), and a magnetic suspension spraying mechanism. The third cantilever crane (501) can move the hook tongue from the hopper of the shot blasting machine (400) to the stepping conveying mechanism (5021). The magnetizing mechanism (5022) includes two X-direction coils, one Y-direction coil, and one Z-direction coil. The X-direction coil, the Y-direction coil, and the Z-direction coil are made by bending conductive bars. Each group of coils is arranged with multiple turns. Each turn of the coils is insulated by an insulating plate and is fastened and connected in the middle with insulating bolts. Each coil forms a square barrel with two ends connected. The magnetizing mechanism (5022) is sleeved on the outer side of the stepping conveying mechanism (5021), leaving a channel in the middle for the hook tongue to pass through.
6. The hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection area is provided with a first plate chain conveyor (503), a testing platform (504), and a fourth cantilever crane (505); the first plate chain conveyor (503) is connected to the rear of the stepping conveying mechanism (5021); the testing platform (504) is fixed next to the first plate chain conveyor (503); the fourth cantilever crane (505) can move the hook tongue on the first plate chain conveyor (503) to the testing platform (504) for observation, or remove the hook tongue that fails the inspection; a scrap material frame is provided next to the fourth cantilever crane (505).
7. The hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The paint spraying area is provided with a first three-axis manipulator (506), a paint spraying box (507), and a paint spraying device (508); the drying area is provided with a second plate chain conveyor (509) and a drying box (510); the first three-axis manipulator (506) connects the inspection area and the drying area at the rear, and the second plate chain conveyor (509) passes through the drying box (510).
8. A hook assembly inspection and maintenance line according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second unloading area is provided with a second three-axis manipulator (511) for unloading the hook tongue from the second plate chain conveyor (509) into the material frame.
9. A method for detecting and maintaining a hook assembly, characterized in that: S1, using a universal hook-buffer disassembling machine (200) to disassemble the coupler into a hook body assembly, a hook tail frame, and a buffer; S2, conveying the hook body assembly to the hook body circulation maintenance line (300), installing the hook body assembly on a multi-directional flip tool (302) in the first loading area, and the multi-directional flip tool (302) is conveyed by a ring conveying mechanism (301); S3, in the disassembly area, the operator controls the first cantilever crane (303), and uses the hydraulic disassembly tool mounted thereon to disassemble the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories on the hook body assembly, and the removed hook tongue and hook cavity accessories are transported to the shot blasting machine (400) for shot blasting. After the shot blasting is completed, the hook tongue is sent to the hook tongue inspection line (500) for flaw detection, painting, and drying in sequence; S4, measure the size of the hook body in the maintenance area, and perform repair welding and grinding on the defective hook body; S5, in the assembly area, the operator controls the second cantilever crane (304) and uses the hydraulic assembly tool mounted thereon to assemble the repaired hook tongue and hook cavity accessories onto the hook body; S6, in the three-state test area, the three-state test of the upper-acting coupler is to manually pull the upper traction chain, and the upper traction chain pulls the upper locking pin to achieve the three-state conversion of the coupler tongue, while the lower-acting coupler uses a crowbar lever composed of a drive shaft and a hook head locking rod, and the hook head locking rod pushes the lower locking pin to achieve the three-state conversion of the coupler tongue; S7, in the first unloading area, unload the coupler that has passed the three-state test.
10. A hook assembly detection and maintenance method according to claim 9, characterized in that: S3 also includes: S301, in the second loading area, the hook tongue is hoisted to the stepping conveying mechanism (5021) of the flaw detector (502) by the third cantilever crane (501); S302, the stepping conveying mechanism (5021) moves the hook tongue forward in steps, and the magnetizing mechanism (5022) performs composite magnetization by two X-direction coils, one Y-direction coil, and one Z-direction coil, and the magnetic suspension is sprayed by the magnetic suspension spraying mechanism; S303, in the inspection area, the hook tongue is conveyed by the first plate chain conveyor (503), and the operator moves the hook tongue to the inspection table (504) for observation through the fourth cantilever crane (505). After the inspection is qualified, the hook tongue is moved to the first plate chain conveyor (503). If the inspection is unqualified, the unqualified hook tongue is unloaded and placed in the scrap material box; S304, in the painting area, the hook tongue is grabbed by the first three-axis mechanical axis and sent into the paint spraying box (507), and the paint spraying equipment (508) is turned on to spray paint evenly on the surface of the hook tongue; S305, after the painting is completed, the first three-axis manipulator (506) places the hook tongue on the second plate chain conveyor (509), and the second plate chain conveyor (509) slowly passes the hook tongue through the drying box (510) to dry the paint on the surface of the hook tongue; S306, the hook tongue after paint drying is unloaded by the second three-axis manipulator (511); S307, transporting the hook tongue and hook cavity accessories to the assembly area to wait for assembly.