Efficient biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor, and particularly relates to the technical field of fluidized bed reactors, the efficient biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor comprises a tank body, an air duct is arranged in the tank body, the air duct is provided with a plurality of flow adjusting mechanisms in linear arrangement, and the flow adjusting mechanisms are used for adjusting the air speed; a material receiving plate is arranged between the air duct and the tank body, the material receiving plate corresponds to the flow adjusting mechanism, and a plurality of air inlet mechanisms which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the material receiving plate; the flow adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of mounting boxes, the mounting boxes are arranged in the air duct, round holes are formed in the surfaces of the mounting boxes, two sliding plates which are symmetrical about the center of the round holes are slidably connected into the mounting boxes, and a synchronous assembly is arranged in the mounting boxes and used for driving the two sliding plates to move at the same time; through cooperation of the flow adjusting mechanism, the material receiving plate and the air duct, materials can be uniformly dispersed, and gas and a catalyst are fully reacted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fluidized bed reactors, in particular to a high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor. Background Art

[0002] Biomass thermal cracking usually refers to the process in which biomass is heated and heated to cause molecular decomposition to produce coke, condensable liquid and gas products in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment. It is an important form of biomass energy utilization; a fluidized bed reactor refers to a device in which gas undergoes chemical reactions in a boiling bed composed of solid materials or catalysts. It is also called a "boiling bed reactor". Within a certain flow rate range, the gas will strongly stir the solid fine particles of the catalyst or material piled into a certain thickness (bed), making it like a boiling liquid and having some characteristics of a liquid, such as the effect of fluid pressure on the vessel wall, overflow and viscosity, etc. This operating condition is called a "fluidized bed".

[0003] The gas produced by thermal cracking of biomass further reacts through a fluidized bed reactor to eventually obtain the desired substance. In existing fluidized bed reactors, the catalysts are usually placed in the same position. Due to the continuous reaction of the gas, a large number of catalysts are required. The catalysts are stored in the same position, and the airflow is difficult to drive the catalyst to flow, resulting in insufficient frequency and time of contact between the gas and the catalyst, resulting in an incomplete reaction.

[0004] In addition, in the existing fluidized bed reactor, when the gas is discharged after the reaction, the catalyst is easily taken out of the fluidized bed reactor, thereby affecting the overall reaction progress. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor to solve the problem of incomplete reaction between gas and catalyst mentioned in the above background technology.

[0006] The present invention can be implemented through the following technical scheme: it includes a tank body, a wind duct is arranged in the tank body, a plurality of linearly arranged flow regulating mechanisms are arranged on the wind duct, and the flow regulating mechanisms are used to adjust the wind speed; a material receiving plate is arranged between the wind duct and the tank body, the material receiving plate corresponds to the flow regulating mechanism, and a plurality of evenly distributed air inlet mechanisms are arranged on the material receiving plate; the flow regulating mechanism includes a plurality of installation boxes, the installation box is arranged in the wind duct, a circular hole is opened on the surface of the installation box, two slides symmetrical about the center of the circular hole are slidably connected inside the installation box, a synchronization component is arranged in the installation box, and the synchronization component is used to drive the two slides to move at the same time.

[0007] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that: the synchronization component is provided with two groups and is located on the left and right sides of the slide plate, the synchronization component includes a push rod, the center of the push rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the installation box, the two ends of the push rod are rotatably connected to the synchronization rod, the end of the synchronization rod away from the push rod is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the slide plate.

[0008] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that a limiting rail is arranged inside the installation box, the limiting rail is slidably connected to the slide, a limiting groove is opened on the surface of the installation box, a movable seat is slidably connected in the limiting groove, and the movable seat is fixedly connected to one of the slides.

[0009] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that an electric push rod is arranged above the air duct, the telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to a transmission rod, the transmission rod is slidably connected in the air duct, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the transmission rod, and one end of the rotating rod away from the transmission rod is rotatably connected to a moving seat.

[0010] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that an air outlet mechanism is provided on the air duct, the air outlet mechanism corresponds to the flow regulating mechanism, the air outlet mechanism includes a connecting tube, the connecting tube is connected to the air duct and extends into the air duct to be fixedly connected to the installation box, the connecting tube is connected to the circular hole on the installation box, one end of the connecting tube located outside the air duct is connected to an annular tube, and an annular groove is provided on the annular tube.

[0011] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the air inlet mechanism includes an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe passes through a receiving plate, one end of the air inlet pipe located above the receiving plate is sleeved with a hood, a gap is provided between the hood and the air inlet pipe, and a connecting block is fixedly connected between the hood and the air inlet pipe.

[0012] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that a first baffle plate and a second baffle plate are fixedly connected inside the tank body, a gap is provided between the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate, fan-shaped grooves are provided on the surfaces of the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate, and the fan-shaped grooves provided on the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are arranged alternately.

[0013] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that an air outlet is arranged on the top of the tank body, a plurality of feed pipes corresponding to the receiving plate are arranged on the outside of the tank body, the feed pipes are located above the receiving plate, and a ventilation pipe is fixedly connected to the air duct.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The coordination of the flow regulating mechanism, receiving plate and air duct can disperse the catalyst onto multiple receiving plates to avoid the catalyst being too thickly stacked and difficult to blow, which in turn leads to insufficient contact between gas and catalyst. In addition, the flow regulating mechanism can adjust the wind speed and air volume, so as to fully react with the catalyst according to actual needs.

[0016] 2. The air inlet mechanism can not only pass the air flow, but also prevent the catalyst from blocking the air outlet. When the air flow enters from the air inlet pipe, it is discharged from the gap between the wind cap and the air inlet pipe. The wind cap is used to vertically guide the air flow to the surface of the receiving plate, so that the catalyst can be blown up more easily, further increasing the contact opportunity between the air flow and the catalyst.

[0017] 3. The first baffle and the second baffle are set to facilitate the passage of airflow while preventing the catalyst from being discharged along with the airflow. The fan-shaped grooves on the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged alternately. The airflow passes through the fan-shaped grooves on the second baffle, then passes between the first baffle and the second baffle, and finally is discharged from the fan-shaped grooves on the first baffle, while the catalyst is blocked by the first baffle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the flow regulating mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exterior of the installation box of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of the installation box of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a first baffle and a second baffle of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the first baffle and the second baffle of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. tank body; 2. flow regulating mechanism; 21. installation box; 22. rotating rod; 23. slide plate; 24. limit groove; 25. moving seat; 26. limit rail; 27. transmission rod; 201. push rod; 202. synchronization rod; 203. connecting rod; 3. electric push rod; 4. air cylinder; 5. air outlet mechanism; 51. connecting cylinder; 52. annular cylinder; 53. annular groove; 6. receiving plate; 7. first baffle; 8. second baffle; 9. air inlet mechanism; 91. air inlet pipe; 92. wind hood; 93. connecting block; 10. feed pipe; 11. ventilation pipe; 12. air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0029] See also Figure 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor, including a tank body 1, a wind tube 4 is arranged in the tank body 1, and a plurality of linearly arranged flow regulating mechanisms 2 are arranged on the wind tube 4, and the flow regulating mechanisms 2 are used to adjust the wind speed; a material receiving plate 6 is arranged between the wind tube 4 and the tank body 1, and the material receiving plate 6 corresponds to the flow regulating mechanism 2, and a plurality of evenly distributed air inlet mechanisms 9 are arranged on the material receiving plate 6; the flow regulating mechanism 2 includes a plurality of installation boxes 21, and the installation box 21 is arranged in the wind tube 4, and a circular hole is opened on the surface of the installation box 21, and two slide plates 23 symmetrical about the center of the circular hole are slidably connected inside the installation box 21, and a synchronization component is arranged in the installation box 21, and the synchronization component is used to drive the two slide plates 23 to move at the same time.

[0030] The cooperation of multiple receiving plates 6 and flow regulating mechanism 2 can disperse the solid powder catalyst onto different receiving plates 6, thereby avoiding excessive accumulation of catalyst in the same place, which makes it difficult for the airflow to drive all the catalysts to flow, resulting in insufficient gas-solid contact area and low reaction rate.

[0031] See also Figure 5 As shown, two groups of synchronization components are provided and are located on the left and right sides of the slide plate 23. The synchronization components include a push rod 201. The center of the push rod 201 is rotatably connected to the inside of the installation box 21. Both ends of the push rod 201 are rotatably connected to a synchronization rod 202. The end of the synchronization rod 202 away from the push rod 201 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 203. The connecting rod 203 and the slide plate 23 are fixedly connected.

[0032] With the cooperation of the push rod 201, the synchronization rod 202 and the connecting rod 203, the synchronization component can drive the two slides 23 to move synchronously. When one of the slides 23 moves, the push rod 201 is driven to rotate by the synchronization rod 202 connected thereto, and the push rod 201 further drives the other synchronization rod 202 to rotate, and the other synchronization rod 202 thereby drives the other slide 23 to move, and finally completes the synchronous movement of the two slides 23.

[0033] See also Figure 4 As shown, a limiting rail 26 is arranged inside the installation box 21, and the limiting rail 26 is slidably connected to the slide 23. A limiting groove 24 is opened on the surface of the installation box 21, and a moving seat 25 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 24. The moving seat 25 is fixedly connected to one of the slides 23.

[0034] See also Figure 3 As shown, an electric push rod 3 is arranged above the air duct 4, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod 3 is fixedly connected to a transmission rod 27, the transmission rod 27 is slidably connected in the air duct 4, and a rotating rod 22 is rotatably connected to the transmission rod 27, and one end of the rotating rod 22 away from the transmission rod 27 is rotatably connected to the moving seat 25.

[0035] The set flow regulating mechanism 2 can adjust the wind speed, thereby changing the contact frequency and contact time between the gas and the catalyst, and then increasing the reaction rate. The action process of the flow regulating mechanism 2 is to first start the electric push rod 3, and the electric push rod 3 further drives the transmission rod 27 fixedly connected thereto to move, and the transmission rod 27 further drives the rotating rod 22 rotatably connected thereto to rotate, and the rotating rod 22 drives the moving seat 25 rotatably connected thereto to move in the limiting groove 24, thereby further driving the slide plate 23 connected thereto to move, and as this slide plate 23 moves, another slide plate 23 is driven to move synchronously through the synchronization component, and the synchronous movement of the two slide plates 23 changes the size of the circular hole on the installation box 21, and then changes the size of the air inlet hole, and finally completes the adjustment of the air intake volume and the gas flow rate.

[0036] See also Figure 3 As shown, an air outlet mechanism 5 is provided on the air duct 4, and the air outlet mechanism 5 corresponds to the flow regulating mechanism 2. The air outlet mechanism 5 includes a connecting tube 51, and the connecting tube 51 is connected to the air duct 4 and extends into the air duct 4 to be fixedly connected to the installation box 21. The connecting tube 51 is connected to the circular hole on the installation box 21, and one end of the connecting tube 51 located outside the air duct 4 is connected to an annular tube 52, and an annular groove 53 is opened on the annular tube 52.

[0037] The air outlet mechanism 5 is set up to achieve uniform gas distribution, thereby ensuring full contact between the gas and the catalyst on the receiving plate 6. The connecting tube 51 is set up to introduce the gas into the annular tube 52, and the airflow is discharged through the annular groove 53 set on the annular tube 52. The annular groove 53 evenly distributes the airflow to the bottom of the receiving plate 6, thereby ensuring that the gas reaches the receiving plate 6 evenly.

[0038] See also Figure 7 As shown, the air inlet mechanism 9 includes an air inlet pipe 91, which passes through the receiving plate 6. One end of the air inlet pipe 91 located above the receiving plate 6 is provided with a wind hood 92. A gap is provided between the wind hood 92 and the air inlet pipe 91, and a connecting block 93 is fixedly connected between the wind hood 92 and the air inlet pipe 91.

[0039] The air inlet mechanism 9 is capable of passing the air flow and blocking the catalyst from being discharged from the air inlet pipe 91. After the air flow enters the air inlet pipe 91, the air flow is discharged from the gap between the wind cap 92 and the air inlet pipe 91. The wind cap 92 is used to vertically guide the air flow to the surface of the receiving plate 6, thereby making it easier to blow up the catalyst, further increasing the contact opportunity between the air flow and the catalyst.

[0040] See also Figure 8 As shown, the first baffle plate 7 and the second baffle plate 8 are fixedly connected inside the tank body 1, a gap is provided between the first baffle plate 7 and the second baffle plate 8, fan-shaped grooves are provided on the surfaces of the first baffle plate 7 and the second baffle plate 8, and the fan-shaped grooves provided on the first baffle plate 7 and the second baffle plate 8 are staggered.

[0041] The cooperation of the first baffle plate 7 and the second baffle plate 8 is used for the discharge of gas and at the same time keeps the catalyst in the tank body 1 as much as possible. The fan-shaped grooves on the first baffle plate 7 and the second baffle plate 8 are staggered, that is, not on the same vertical line. This design can block the catalyst, and at the same time, the airflow passes through the gap between the first baffle plate 7 and the second baffle plate 8, and is finally discharged from the fan-shaped grooves on the second baffle plate 8.

[0042] See also Figure 1 As shown, an air outlet 12 is provided on the top of the tank body 1, and a plurality of feed pipes 10 corresponding to the receiving plate 6 are provided on the outside of the tank body 1. The feed pipes 10 are located above the receiving plate 6 and are used for feeding catalysts. A ventilation pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the wind tube 4.

[0043] When the present invention is in use, the catalyst is first fed from the feed pipe 10 onto the receiving plate 6, and then the gas is introduced from the ventilation pipe 11. The gas enters the wind tube 4, and then passes through the circular hole on the mounting box 21. The size of the circular hole is adjusted by the action of the flow regulating mechanism 2, thereby changing the wind speed and the air volume. The airflow then passes through the air outlet mechanism 5 and the air inlet mechanism 9, and finally drives the catalyst on the receiving plate 6 to flow.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor, comprising a tank body (1), characterized in that: The tank body (1) is provided with a wind tube (4), and the wind tube (4) is provided with a plurality of linearly arranged flow regulating mechanisms (2), and the flow regulating mechanisms (2) are used to adjust the wind speed; A material receiving plate (6) is provided between the wind tube (4) and the tank body (1), the material receiving plate (6) corresponds to the flow regulating mechanism (2), and a plurality of evenly distributed air inlet mechanisms (9) are provided on the material receiving plate (6); The flow regulating mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of installation boxes (21), wherein the installation boxes (21) are arranged in the air duct (4), a circular hole is provided on the surface of the installation box (21), two slide plates (23) symmetrical about the center of the circular hole are slidably connected inside the installation box (21), and a synchronization component is arranged in the installation box (21), and the synchronization component is used to drive the two slide plates (23) to move simultaneously.

2. The high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronization components are provided in two groups and are located on the left and right sides of the slide plate (23). The synchronization components include a push rod (201). The center of the push rod (201) is rotatably connected to the inside of the installation box (21). Both ends of the push rod (201) are rotatably connected to synchronization rods (202). One end of the synchronization rod (202) away from the push rod (201) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (203). The connecting rod (203) and the slide plate (23) are fixedly connected.

3. The high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting rail (26) is arranged inside the installation box (21), and the limiting rail (26) is slidably connected to the slide plate (23). A limiting groove (24) is provided on the surface of the installation box (21), and a moving seat (25) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (24), and the moving seat (25) is fixedly connected to one of the slide plates (23).

4. The high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric push rod (3) is arranged above the wind tube (4); a transmission rod (27) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (3); the transmission rod (27) is slidably connected in the wind tube (4); a rotating rod (22) is rotatably connected to the transmission rod (27); and one end of the rotating rod (22) away from the transmission rod (27) is rotatably connected to the moving seat (25).

5. The high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind tube (4) is provided with an air outlet mechanism (5), the air outlet mechanism (5) corresponds to the flow regulating mechanism (2), the air outlet mechanism (5) comprises a connecting tube (51), the connecting tube (51) is connected to the wind tube (4) and extends into the wind tube (4) to be fixedly connected to the installation box (21), the connecting tube (51) is communicated with a circular hole on the installation box (21), one end of the connecting tube (51) located outside the wind tube (4) is communicated with an annular tube (52), and an annular groove (53) is provided on the annular tube (52).

6. The high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet mechanism (9) comprises an air inlet pipe (91), the air inlet pipe (91) passes through the material receiving plate (6), one end of the air inlet pipe (91) located above the material receiving plate (6) is sleeved with a hood (92), a gap is provided between the hood (92) and the air inlet pipe (91), and a connecting block (93) is fixedly connected between the hood (92) and the air inlet pipe (91).

7. The high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first baffle (7) and a second baffle (8) are fixedly connected inside the tank body (1); a gap is provided between the first baffle (7) and the second baffle (8); fan-shaped grooves are provided on the surfaces of the first baffle (7) and the second baffle (8); and the fan-shaped grooves provided on the first baffle (7) and the second baffle (8) are arranged in a staggered manner.

8. The high-efficiency biomass thermal cracking fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the tank body (1) is provided with an air outlet (12), the outside of the tank body (1) is provided with a plurality of feed pipes (10) corresponding to the receiving plate (6), the feed pipes (10) are located above the receiving plate (6), and a ventilation pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the air cylinder (4).

Images