Charge liner capable of increasing penetration depth and hole diameter and perforating bullet

Abstract

The invention discloses a shaped charge liner capable of increasing the penetration depth and the hole diameter and a perforating bullet. The shaped charge liner comprises a liner body formed by connecting a liner top and a liner wall into a whole. The cover top is an arc top, and the cover wall is an arc wall. The arc top and the arc-shaped wall are smoothly connected at the joint in a tangent manner; the problems that an existing shaped charge cover is limited by an original design structure, and the penetration depth and the aperture of a perforating bullet are difficult to effectively increase are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of petroleum perforation, and in particular to a charge cap and a perforating bullet for perforating operations in oil and gas wells. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] In perforating operations to improve the productivity of oil and gas wells, the performance of the perforator is crucial and even plays a decisive role.

[0004] The penetration depth (referring to the distance from the entrance of the target plane to the end of the channel after perforation) and aperture (the diameter of the hole entrance on the target plane, that is, the average of the average values ​​of the major and minor axes of the hole ellipse) of the perforator are one of the most important perforating parameters affecting the productivity of oil and gas wells. Improving the penetration depth and aperture of the perforator can establish a better oil and gas production channel in the perforated layer, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the productivity of oil and gas wells.

[0005] A perforating bullet consists of three parts: explosive, liner and shell. The liner is the core component for forming a shaped jet, and its structural design has always been the top priority of the overall design of the perforating bullet.

[0006] Conventional drug caps are mostly Figure 1 The structural design of the single cone linear body shown has reached a bottleneck period. Due to the limitations of the original design structure, it is difficult for the perforating bullet to effectively improve the penetration depth and aperture index during the perforating operation, that is, it is becoming increasingly difficult to improve the penetration depth and aperture.

[0007] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a novel structure of a charge liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture, so as to solve the problem that the existing charge liner is constrained by the original design structure limitation, resulting in that the penetration depth and aperture of the perforating bullet are difficult to be effectively improved.

[0009] In addition, the present disclosure also provides a perforating bullet using the charge liner.

[0010] In a first aspect, a liner capable of improving penetration and aperture comprises: A cover body formed by connecting a cover top and a cover wall into one body; The cover top is an arc-shaped top, and the cover wall is an arc-shaped wall; The arc-shaped top and the arc-shaped wall are smoothly connected in a tangential manner at the junction.

[0011] In the present disclosure and possible embodiments, the outer side wall of the bottom port of the cover body is a straight wall.

[0012] In the present disclosure and possible embodiments, the bottom opening diameter of the cover body, the height of the straight wall, the height of the cover body, the top thickness of the cover top and the bottom thickness of the cover body are determined according to a given perforation scheme.

[0013] In the present disclosure and possible embodiments, the arc shape of the arc-shaped top and the arc-shaped wall is a circular arc.

[0014] In the present disclosure and possible embodiments, the outer arc radii of the arc-shaped top and the arc-shaped wall are determined according to the bottom opening diameter, the cover body height and the straight wall height.

[0015] In the present disclosure and possible embodiments, the inner arc radius of the arc-shaped top is determined according to the top thickness and the outer arc radius of the arc-shaped top; The inner arc radius of the arc-shaped wall is determined according to the inner arc radius of the arc-shaped top.

[0016] In a second aspect, the perforating bullet comprises: The charge liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0017] The charge liner disclosed in the present invention can improve the penetration depth and aperture, and its cover wall structure is arc-shaped. Compared with the conventional charge liner with straight cover wall, the generatrix length can be increased under the premise of ensuring that the height of the charge liner and the bottom opening are determined in the structural design. According to the basic theory of charge liner calculation - PER theory (quasi-steady fluid mechanics theory), the energy obtained by the charge liner is approximately proportional to the generatrix length. Therefore, under the premise of effectively improving the generatrix length, the energy obtained by the charge liner of the present invention can be increased to improve the penetration depth; in addition, the arc-shaped structural design of the cover wall determines that the charge amount in the middle area of ​​the perforating bullet is more than that of the conventional charge liner, and the jet diameter is correspondingly increased when the jet is turned over and formed, so that a larger jet aperture can be obtained in the target body; therefore, the charge liner disclosed in the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the existing charge liner is difficult to improve the penetration depth and aperture of the perforating bullet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the drug-shaped liner structure of the background technology of the present disclosure; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charge liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perforating bullet according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charge liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture in an application example of the present disclosure. Implementation

[0019] The present disclosure is described below based on embodiments, but it is worth noting that the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments. In the detailed description of the present disclosure below, some specific details are described in detail. However, for the parts that are not described in detail, those skilled in the art can also fully understand the present disclosure.

[0020] In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that the drawings are only provided to illustrate the purpose, features and advantages of the present disclosure, and the drawings are not actually drawn to scale.

[0021] At the same time, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the words "include", "comprises" and similar words throughout the specification and claims should be interpreted as inclusive rather than exclusive or exhaustive; that is, the meaning is "including but not limited to". Example

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medicine-shaped liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 As shown: the medicine cover capable of improving penetration depth and aperture is a cover body which is connected as one by a cover top and a cover wall, wherein the cover top is an arc-shaped top, and the cover wall is an arc-shaped wall; the arc-shaped top and the arc-shaped wall are smoothly connected in a tangent manner at the junction.

[0023] Preferably, the arc shape of the arc-shaped top and the arc-shaped wall is a circular arc, and the arc-shaped top and the arc-shaped wall are tangent to each other at the connection point to form the medicine-shaped cover, and the connection point is the tangent point, that is, the two are smoothly transitioned and connected to form an integrated structure at the tangent point.

[0024] The liner of the present embodiment has an arc-shaped cover wall structure. Compared with the conventional straight-line cover wall, the generatrix length can be increased under the premise of ensuring that the liner height and bottom opening are determined in the structural design. According to the basic theory of liner calculation - PER theory (quasi-steady fluid mechanics theory), the energy obtained by the liner is approximately proportional to the generatrix length. Therefore, under the premise of effectively increasing the generatrix length, the energy obtained by the liner of the present embodiment can be increased to increase the perforation depth. In addition, the arc-shaped structure design of the cover wall determines that the charge amount in the middle area of ​​the perforating bullet is greater than that of the conventional liner, and the jet diameter is correspondingly increased when the jet is turned over, so that a larger jet aperture can be obtained in the target body. Therefore, the liner of the present embodiment can effectively increase the jet depth and aperture of the perforating bullet during the perforating operation, thereby establishing a better oil and gas production channel in the perforating layer section, thereby increasing the production capacity of the oil and gas well.

[0025] Depend on Figure 2As shown: the outer side wall of the bottom port of the cover body described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is a straight wall.

[0026] Specifically, combined Figure 2 The structural design of the medicine-shaped cover described in the embodiment of the present disclosure is further described: The bottom opening diameter φ of the liner and the overall liner height H are determined according to a given design scheme, while the straight side height h1 of the straight wall, the liner top thickness h2, and the liner bottom thickness h3 are obtained by conventional calculations according to conventional technical means in the art.

[0027] Continuing to use conventional technical means in this field and a given design scheme, the outer arc radius R1 and the inner arc radius R2 of the arc top are determined.

[0028] When the values ​​of the above parameters are determined, the end point B1 of the arc wall is determined by the bottom opening diameter φ, the bottom thickness h3 of the medicine liner and the height h1 of the straight side of the straight wall. The vertex of the arc top is determined by the height H of the liner. Because the outer arc radius R1 and the inner arc radius R2 of the arc top have been determined, the outer arc radius R3 of the arc wall is smoothly tangent to the outer arc radius R1 of the arc top, and the contact point (tangent point) A1 between the two can be determined. Similarly, the inner arc radius R4 of the arc wall is tangent to the inner arc radius R2 of the arc top, and the contact point A2 between the two can also be determined.

[0029] The liner of the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to a perforating bullet, such as Figure 3 As shown, the perforating bullet consists of three parts: a shell 1, an explosive 2 and a charge liner 3. The outer shape of the shell 1 consists of an upper conical section and a lower cylindrical section. The inner cavity of the shell 1 is formed by four sections, namely a cylindrical explosion hole, a hemispherical cavity, a conical cavity and a cylindrical cavity, which are connected in sequence; the cooperation of the shell 1 and the charge liner 3 forms the external shape of the explosive 2.

[0030] The shell 1 is used to restrain the jet and to work together with the liner 3 through hydraulic compression to form the charge structure of the explosive 2; the explosive 2 provides energy for the perforating operation, and the liner 3 is the energy-gathering structure of the jet.

[0031] Based on the design concept of the liner technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a metal powder composite liner is specifically designed, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0032] Specifically, the overall height H of the cover body is 35 mm, and it is made of a composite metal powder formula commonly used in the art.

[0033] The bottom opening diameter φ of the medicine cover is 40mm, the outer arc radius R1 of the cover top is 3.25mm, and the inner arc radius R2 is 4.5mm; the outer arc radius R3 of the cover wall is 110mm, and the inner arc radius R4 of the cover wall is 120mm.

[0034] The length of the straight side h1 of the straight wall of the hood is 1.5 mm, the thickness h2 of the top of the hood is 1.3 mm, and the length h3 of the bottom of the hood is 1.2 mm.

[0035] The tangent height H1 between the outer arc of the cover top and the outer arc of the cover wall is 31.92 mm, the tangent height H2 between the inner arc of the cover top and the inner arc of the cover wall is 31.46 mm, and the diameter φ of the bottom opening of the cover body is 40 mm.

[0036] The above-mentioned charge liner and shell are used to form a perforating bullet. The explosive used in the perforating bullet is composed of explosive HMX and has a mass of 38g.

[0037] In the ground loading simulation experiment under the same experimental conditions, the maximum head velocity of the conventional perforating bullet is 5456.3 m / s, and the maximum head velocity of the perforating bullet in the application example of the present disclosure is 6297.8 m / s. Compared with the maximum head velocity of the conventional perforating bullet, the maximum head velocity of the perforating bullet in the application example of the present disclosure is increased by 15.4%.

[0038] The average jet penetration depth of the conventional perforating bullet is 467.3 mm, and the average jet penetration depth of the perforating bullet in the application example of the present disclosure is 512.6 mm. Compared with the average penetration depth of the conventional perforating bullet, the average penetration depth of the perforating bullet in the application example of the present disclosure is 9.7% higher.

[0039] The average jet aperture of the perforating bullet of conventional structure is 13.67 mm, and the average jet aperture of the perforating bullet of the application example of the present disclosure is 15.20 mm. Compared with the average jet aperture of the perforating bullet of conventional structure, the average jet aperture of the perforating bullet of the application example of the present disclosure is increased by 11.2%.

[0040] The novel structure of the charge liner provided by the present disclosure has been shown by the applicant's extensive test results to have a jet head velocity that is 13%-17% higher than that of conventional charge liners, and an overall penetration depth that is 8%-12% higher than that of conventional charge liners, i.e., a significantly improved target-breaking capability.

[0041] Moreover, due to the novel structural design of the charge liner provided by the present invention, the charge amount in the middle area of ​​the perforating bullet is also significantly increased, thereby increasing the jet diameter of the perforating bullet, and the aperture of the jet casing is also increased by 10%-13% compared with the conventional charge liner, that is, the jet aperture of the perforating bullet is also significantly improved.

[0042] Obviously, the above data fully prove that the liner of the application example of the present disclosure has achieved the design purpose of the present invention in improving the penetration depth and jet aperture of the perforating bullet jet and has the effect claimed by the present invention.

[0043] The above-described embodiments are only embodiments of the present disclosure, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present disclosure, several variations, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. may be made, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture, characterized in that: include: A cover body formed by connecting a cover top and a cover wall into one body; The cover top is an arc-shaped top, and the cover wall is an arc-shaped wall; The arc-shaped top and the arc-shaped wall are smoothly connected in a tangential manner at the junction.

2. The liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The arc shape of the arc top and the arc wall is a circular arc.

3. The liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The outer side wall of the bottom port of the cover body is a straight wall.

4. The liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bottom opening diameter of the cover body, the height of the straight wall, the height of the cover body, the top thickness of the cover top and the bottom thickness of the cover body are determined according to a given perforation scheme.

5. The liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer arc radii of the arc-shaped top and the arc-shaped wall are determined according to the bottom opening diameter, the cover body height and the straight wall height.

6. The liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The inner arc radius of the arc top is determined according to the top thickness and the outer arc radius of the arc top; The inner arc radius of the arc-shaped wall is determined according to the inner arc radius of the arc-shaped top.

7. A perforating bullet, characterized in that: include: The drug-shaped liner capable of improving penetration depth and aperture as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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