A surveying instrument for land surveying

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of surveying instruments, and discloses a surveying instrument for land surveying, comprising a theodolite body, a surveying lens and a pressure plate, wherein the surveying lens is arranged above the theodolite body, the pressure plate is arranged below the theodolite body, and the lower surface of the theodolite body is equidistantly threaded with four foot screws. When the pressure-induced chromic film of the present invention is subjected to force, it will change color and have fluorescence. If one or more of them are not completely reset, at this time, the telescopic rod cannot be completely lifted up, the pressure-induced chromic film does not change color or the color change is not obvious. Through the device, the user can intuitively see whether the foot screws are all reset, thereby avoiding the deformation of the threaded threads of the theodolite body and the foot screws due to the failure to reset the foot screws, ensuring that the level of the theodolite body can be adjusted normally through the foot screws in the future, and ensuring the accuracy of the theodolite surveying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surveying instruments, and in particular to a surveying instrument used for land surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] When conducting land surveying, surveying instruments and tower rulers are usually required for surveying and collecting data. The theodolite is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles and is widely used in cadastral surveying, land surveying, construction, and geodesy. It can be used in combination with other equipment (such as total stations and GPS) to improve measurement accuracy and efficiency.

[0003] When the existing theodolite is in use, the operator fixes the theodolite body to the fixing seat of the tripod bracket, and then turns a plurality of foot screws on the theodolite body to make the theodolite body in a horizontal state. Since the foot screws are connected to the theodolite body through threads, the threaded threads between the two are precisely connected. When adjusting the level of the theodolite body, some of the foot screws are in an extended state. When the theodolite is used, if the foot screws are not completely retracted, the threaded threads of the foot screws will be stressed during bumpy transportation, which may easily cause the threaded threads of the theodolite body and the foot screws to deform, so that when the theodolite body is subsequently adjusted to a level by the foot screws, the horizontal position cannot be accurately adjusted, affecting the accuracy of the theodolite surveying and mapping. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and to propose a surveying instrument for land surveying.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A surveying instrument for land surveying and mapping, comprising a theodolite body, a surveying lens and a pressure plate, wherein the surveying lens is arranged above the theodolite body, the pressure plate is arranged below the theodolite body, the lower surface of the theodolite body is equidistantly threaded with four foot screws, four corner positions on the upper surface of the pressure plate are provided with U-shaped grooves, the bottom ends of the four foot screws are respectively arranged inside the four U-shaped grooves, the lower surface of the pressure plate is provided with a connecting plate, a boss is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle position of the connecting plate, the upper surface of the boss is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is provided Four first fixed cylinders are equidistantly fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the annular groove, and pressure columns are slidably installed on the inner walls of the four first fixed cylinders. A third spring is arranged inside the first fixed cylinder, and the third spring is arranged between the bottom end of the pressure column and the bottom wall of the first fixed cylinder. A second fixed cylinder is fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the annular groove, and a telescopic rod is slidably installed on the inner wall of the second fixed cylinder. A sleeve is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the pressure plate, and a pressure-chromic film is fixedly installed on the top end of the sleeve. The top end of the telescopic rod passes through the upper surface of the pressure plate and abuts against the lower surface of the pressure-chromic film.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the four first fixed cylinders and the second fixed cylinders are connected to each other through connecting pipes, and the connecting pipes are arranged on the outer surfaces of the first fixed cylinders and the second fixed cylinders near the bottom ends. The interiors of the connecting pipes, the first fixed cylinders and the second fixed cylinders are filled with hydraulic oil, and the diameter of the second fixed cylinder is larger than the diameter of the first fixed cylinder.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, a circular groove is provided on the lower surface of the middle position of the pressure plate, a cover plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular groove, an insertion hole is provided between the upper surface of the cover plate and the top wall of the circular groove, a push rod is slidably installed on the inner wall of the insertion hole, a countersunk hole is provided between the upper surface of the cover plate and the top wall of the circular groove, and the countersunk hole is arranged at a position close to the pressure column.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, a retaining ring is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the push rod near one end of the pressure column, and a second spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the push rod. The second spring is arranged between the retaining ring and the inner wall of the countersunk hole, and a bevel is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure column. An bevel is arranged at one end of the push rod near the bevel block, and the bevel is abutted against the outer surface of the bevel block.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, a threaded sleeve is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle position of the boss, the top end of the threaded sleeve passes through the upper surface of the pressure plate and is threadedly connected with a hexagonal clamping nut, and a through hole is opened inside the boss, which is connected to the interior of the threaded sleeve.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, four openings are equidistantly provided on the circumferential outer surface of the threaded sleeve, one end of the four openings is connected to the through hole, and a clamping block is rotatably installed between the top wall and the bottom wall of the four openings, and the clamping block is L-shaped.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, a first spring is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the block away from the pressure column, the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the opening, and the other end of the push rod is against the outer surface of the block.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. Multiple pressure columns press the hydraulic oil in the connecting pipe to enter the second fixed cylinder. At this time, the telescopic rod will be lifted up and against the pressure-induced chromic membrane. When the pressure-induced chromic membrane is stressed, it will change color and have fluorescence. If one or more of them are not completely reset, the telescopic rod cannot be completely lifted up, and the pressure-induced chromic membrane does not change color or the color change is not obvious. Through this device, the user can intuitively see whether the foot screws are reset, thereby avoiding the deformation of the thread teeth of the theodolite body and the foot screws due to the failure to reset the foot screws, ensuring that the level of the theodolite body can be adjusted normally through the foot screws in the future, and ensuring the accuracy of the theodolite surveying and mapping;

[0015] 2. When the pressure column moves downward, it will drive the inclined block to move downward, and the inclined block will leave the oblique angle of the push rod. At this time, the push rod is retracted by the second spring, and the clamping block is retracted to the inside of the opening by the third spring. The end of the clamping block leaves the clamping slot of the connecting bolt, and the user can normally separate the connecting bolt from the threaded sleeve. When one or more of the foot screws are not fully reset, one or more of the clamping blocks will be located inside the clamping slot. At this time, the user cannot normally remove the connecting bolts on the tripod. The device is convenient to further ensure that the foot screw can be fully reset, thereby ensuring that the thread teeth of the theodolite body and the foot screw will not be deformed by force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A front view structural schematic diagram of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a foot screw of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a foot screw of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention, viewed from above;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a boss of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a pressure plate of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of a pressure plate of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a boss of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of a boss of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Fig.10 A schematic cross-sectional view of a first fixed barrel of a surveying instrument for land surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Fig.11 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged schematic diagram in the middle;

[0027] Fig.12 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a top rod of a surveying instrument for land surveying.

[0028] In the figure: 1. theodolite body; 2. surveying lens; 3. foot screw; 4. connecting plate; 401. boss; 402. threaded sleeve; 403. annular groove; 5. pressure plate; 501. cover plate; 6. U-shaped groove; 7. pressure column; 8. pressure-induced chromic film; 9. hexagonal compression nut; 10. first fixed cylinder; 11. push rod; 12. telescopic rod; 13. second fixed cylinder; 14. connecting pipe; 15. opening; 16. block; 17. first spring; 18. countersunk hole; 19. second spring; 20. retaining ring; 21. oblique block; 22. bevel; 23. third spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 12 A surveying instrument for land surveying and mapping, comprising a theodolite body 1, a surveying lens 2 and a pressure plate 5, wherein the surveying lens 2 is arranged above the theodolite body 1, the pressure plate 5 is arranged below the theodolite body 1, the lower surface of the theodolite body 1 is equidistantly threaded with four foot screws 3, four corner positions of the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 are provided with U-shaped grooves 6, the bottom ends of the four foot screws 3 are respectively arranged inside the four U-shaped grooves 6, a connecting plate 4 is arranged on the lower surface of the pressure plate 5, a boss 401 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the middle position of the connecting plate 4, an annular groove 403 is opened on the upper surface of the boss 401, four first fixed cylinders 10 are equidistantly fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the annular groove 403, the inner walls of the four first fixed cylinders 10 are slidably provided with pressure columns 7, and the interior of the first fixed cylinder 10 is provided with a third elastic Spring 23, the third spring 23 is arranged between the bottom end of the pressure column 7 and the bottom wall of the first fixed cylinder 10, the bottom wall of the annular groove 403 is fixedly installed with the second fixed cylinder 13, the inner wall of the second fixed cylinder 13 is slidably installed with the telescopic rod 12, the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 is fixedly installed with a sleeve, and the top of the sleeve is fixedly installed with a pressure-induced chromic film 8, the top of the telescopic rod 12 penetrates the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 and abuts against the lower surface of the pressure-induced chromic film 8, the four first fixed cylinders 10 and the second fixed cylinders 13 are connected to each other through a connecting pipe 14, the connecting pipe 14 is arranged on the outer surface of the first fixed cylinder 10 and the second fixed cylinder 13 near the bottom end, the interior of the connecting pipe 14, the first fixed cylinder 10 and the second fixed cylinder 13 is filled with hydraulic oil, and the diameter of the second fixed cylinder 13 is larger than the diameter of the first fixed cylinder 10.

[0033] The hydraulic oil in the connecting tube 14 is pressed by the multiple pressure columns 7 to enter the second fixed tube 13. At this time, the telescopic rod 12 will be lifted up to resist the pressure-induced chromic membrane 8. When the pressure-induced chromic membrane 8 is subjected to force, it will change color and have fluorescence. If one or more of them are not completely reset, at this time, the telescopic rod 12 cannot be completely lifted up, and the pressure-induced chromic membrane 8 does not change color or the color change is not obvious. Through the device, the user can intuitively see whether the foot screws 3 are reset, thereby avoiding deformation of the thread teeth of the theodolite body 1 and the foot screws 3 due to the failure to reset the foot screws 3, ensuring that the level of the theodolite body 1 can be adjusted normally through the foot screws 3 in the future, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the theodolite surveying and mapping.

[0034] In this embodiment, a circular groove is provided on the lower surface of the middle position of the pressure plate 5, and a cover plate 501 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular groove. A plug hole is provided between the upper surface of the cover plate 501 and the top wall of the circular groove, and a push rod 11 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the plug hole. A countersunk hole 18 is provided between the upper surface of the cover plate 501 and the top wall of the circular groove. The countersunk hole 18 is arranged at a position close to the pressure column 7. A retaining ring 20 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the push rod 11 close to one end of the pressure column 7. A second spring 19 is sleeved on the outer surface of the push rod 11, and the second spring 19 is arranged between the retaining ring 20 and the inner wall of the countersunk hole 18. An inclined block 21 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure column 7. An angle 22 is provided at one end of the push rod 11 close to the inclined block 21, and the angle 22 is against the outer surface of the inclined block 21. The upper part of the middle position of the boss 401 A threaded sleeve 402 is fixedly installed on the surface, and the top end of the threaded sleeve 402 passes through the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 and is threadedly connected with a hexagonal clamping nut 9. A through hole is penetrated inside the boss 401, and the through hole is connected with the interior of the threaded sleeve 402. Four openings 15 are equidistantly opened on the circumferential outer surface of the threaded sleeve 402, and one end of the four openings 15 is connected with the through hole. A clamping block 16 is rotatably installed between the top wall and the bottom wall of the four openings 15. The clamping block 16 is L-shaped, and a first spring 17 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the clamping block 16 away from the pressure column 7. The other end of the first spring 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the opening 15, and the other end of the push rod 11 is against the outer surface of the clamping block 16. The connecting bolt on the tripod is connected to the internal thread of the threaded sleeve 402.

[0035] When the pressure column 7 moves downward, the inclined block 21 will be driven downward, and the inclined block 21 will leave the bevel 22 of the top rod 11. At this time, the top rod 11 is retracted by the second spring 19, and the block 16 is retracted to the inside of the opening 15 by the third spring 23. The end of the block 16 leaves the slot of the connecting bolt, and the user can normally separate the connecting bolt from the threaded sleeve 402. When one or more foot screws 3 are not fully reset, one or more blocks 16 will be located inside the slot. At this time, the user cannot normally remove the connecting bolts on the tripod. The device can further ensure that the foot screw 3 can be fully reset, thereby ensuring that the thread teeth of the theodolite body 1 and the foot screw 3 will not be deformed by force.

[0036] It should be noted that when the present invention is used, the user connects the connecting bolt on the tripod with the internal thread of the threaded sleeve 402. A card slot is provided on the outer surface of the connecting bolt near the top. In the initial position, the card block 16 is located inside the opening 15 under the action of the first spring 17 so as not to affect the correct connection of the connecting bolt. When using the theodolite, the theodolite body 1 is adjusted to a horizontal position by manually rotating each foot screw 3, and then the relevant data is measured through the surveying lens 2. When the theodolite is finished, the operator needs to move the remaining The foot screws 3 are rotated to the initial position. At this time, the lower surface of the theodolite body 1 will abut against the top of the pressure column 7, thereby driving the pressure column 7 to move downward. The multiple pressure columns 7 press the hydraulic oil in the connecting tube 14 to enter the second fixed tube 13. At this time, the telescopic rod 12 will be lifted up and abut against the pressure-induced chromic film 8. When the pressure-induced chromic film 8 is stressed, it will change color and have fluorescence. The user can intuitively see whether the foot screws 3 are all reset. If one or more of them are not fully reset, at this time, the telescopic rod 12 cannot be fully lifted up, and the pressure-induced chromic film 8 is not If the color is changed or the color change is not obvious, the user should check again to reset all the foot screws 3. Through the device, the user can intuitively see whether the foot screws 3 are reset, thereby avoiding the deformation of the thread teeth of the theodolite body 1 and the foot screws 3 due to the failure to reset the foot screws 3, ensuring that the level of the theodolite body 1 can be adjusted normally through the foot screws 3 in the future, ensuring the accuracy of the theodolite surveying and mapping; at the same time, when the pressure column 7 moves downward, it will drive the inclined block 21 to move downward, and the inclined block 21 will leave the bevel angle 22 of the top rod 11. At this time, the top rod 11 is retracted by the second spring 19. The clamping block 16 is retracted into the opening 15 by the third spring 23, and the end of the clamping block 16 leaves the clamping slot of the connecting bolt. The user can normally separate the connecting bolt from the threaded sleeve 402. When one or more foot screws 3 are not fully reset, one or more clamping blocks 16 will be located inside the clamping slot. At this time, the user cannot normally remove the connecting bolts on the tripod. The device can further ensure that the foot screw 3 can be fully reset, thereby ensuring that the thread teeth of the theodolite body 1 and the foot screw 3 will not be deformed by force.

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A surveying instrument for land surveying, comprising a theodolite body (1), a surveying lens (2) and a pressure plate (5), wherein the surveying lens (2) is arranged above the theodolite body (1), and the pressure plate (5) is arranged below the theodolite body (1), characterized in that: The lower surface of the theodolite body (1) is equidistantly threaded with four foot screws (3); four corner positions of the upper surface of the pressure plate (5) are each provided with a U-shaped groove (6); the bottom ends of the four foot screws (3) are respectively arranged inside the four U-shaped grooves (6); a connecting plate (4) is provided on the lower surface of the pressure plate (5); a boss (401) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the middle position of the connecting plate (4); an annular groove (403) is provided on the upper surface of the boss (401); four first fixed cylinders (10) are equidistantly fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the annular groove (403); and pressure guides (403) are slidably mounted on the inner walls of the four first fixed cylinders (10). The first fixed cylinder (10) is provided with a third spring (23) inside, and the third spring (23) is arranged between the bottom end of the pressure column (7) and the bottom wall of the first fixed cylinder (10). The bottom wall of the annular groove (403) is fixedly mounted with a second fixed cylinder (13), and the inner wall of the second fixed cylinder (13) is slidably mounted with a telescopic rod (12). The upper surface of the pressure plate (5) is fixedly mounted with a sleeve, and the top end of the sleeve is fixedly mounted with a pressure-induced chromic film (8). The top end of the telescopic rod (12) penetrates the upper surface of the pressure plate (5) and abuts against the lower surface of the pressure-induced chromic film (8). The four first fixed cylinders (10) and The first and second fixed cylinders (13) are connected to each other via a connecting pipe (14); the connecting pipe (14) is arranged on the outer surfaces of the first fixed cylinder (10) and the second fixed cylinder (13) near the bottom ends; the connecting pipe (14), the first fixed cylinder (10) and the second fixed cylinder (13) are filled with hydraulic oil; the diameter of the second fixed cylinder (13) is greater than the diameter of the first fixed cylinder (10); a circular groove is provided on the lower surface of the middle position of the pressing plate (5); a cover plate (501) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular groove; a plug hole is provided between the upper surface of the cover plate (501) and the top wall of the circular groove; a push rod (11) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the plug hole ), a countersunk hole (18) is provided between the upper surface of the cover plate (501) and the top wall of the circular groove, the countersunk hole (18) is provided at a position close to the pressure column (7), a retaining ring (20) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the push rod (11) at one end close to the pressure column (7), a second spring (19) is sleeved on the outer surface of the push rod (11), the second spring (19) is provided between the retaining ring (20) and the inner wall of the countersunk hole (18), an inclined block (21) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure column (7), and an oblique angle (22) is provided at one end of the push rod (11) close to the oblique block (21), and the oblique angle (22) abuts against the outer surface of the oblique block (21).

2. A surveying instrument for land surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded sleeve (402) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the middle position of the boss (401), the top end of the threaded sleeve (402) passes through the upper surface of the pressure plate (5) and is threadedly connected to a hexagonal clamping nut (9), and a through hole is formed through the inside of the boss (401), the through hole being connected to the inside of the threaded sleeve (402).

3. A surveying instrument for land surveying according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four openings (15) are equidistantly formed on the circumferential outer surface of the threaded sleeve (402); one end of the four openings (15) is connected to the through hole; a clamping block (16) is rotatably mounted between the top wall and the bottom wall of the four openings (15); the clamping block (16) is arranged in an L shape.

4. A surveying instrument for land surveying according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first spring (17) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the block (16) away from the pressure column (7); the other end of the first spring (17) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the opening (15); and the other end of the push rod (11) abuts against the outer surface of the block (16).

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