Lithium ion battery charging and discharging maximum current simulation method, system, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium ion battery charging and discharging maximum current simulation method, system, device and equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a simulation demand file for a lithium ion battery, the simulation demand file comprises a plurality of working conditions, each working condition comprises a positive electrode lithium intercalation state, a negative electrode lithium intercalation state, an environment temperature, charge and discharge duration, an initial current, a current upper limit, a voltage upper limit, a voltage lower limit, a temperature upper limit and a negative electrode potential lower limit; and determining the charging and discharging current when the charging and discharging capacity of the lithium ion battery is maximum under each working condition in the simulation requirement file by using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium ion battery, and obtaining the maximum charging and discharging current of the lithium ion battery under each working condition in the simulation requirement file. Therefore, the simulation efficiency of the maximum charging and discharging current of the lithium ion battery is effectively improved, manual intervention is not needed, and the simulation period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of lithium-ion batteries, and in particular to a method, system, device, equipment and medium for simulating maximum charge and discharge current of a lithium-ion battery. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in new energy vehicles. During the research and development process, the maximum charge and discharge current of the battery cells under different voltage ranges, different temperatures, different states of charge (SOC), and different charge and discharge times are generally tested. However, the current method of obtaining the maximum charge and discharge current under different conditions through manual experimental testing or electrochemical simulation has a long manual simulation cycle and low simulation efficiency due to the huge amount of measurement tasks. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present disclosure proposes a lithium-ion battery maximum charge and discharge current simulation method, system, device, equipment and medium, which can effectively improve the simulation efficiency of the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery without manual intervention and shorten the simulation cycle.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for simulating the maximum current of charging and discharging of a lithium-ion battery is provided, comprising: obtaining a simulation requirement file for a lithium-ion battery, the simulation requirement file comprising a plurality of operating conditions, each operating condition comprising: a positive electrode lithium insertion state, a negative electrode lithium insertion state, an ambient temperature, a charging and discharging time, an initial current, a current upper limit, a voltage upper limit, a voltage lower limit, a temperature upper limit, and a negative electrode potential lower limit; using an electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charging and discharging current when the charging and discharging capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, and obtaining the maximum charging and discharging current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file.

[0005] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the use of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, and obtaining the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, includes: for each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, simulating the target charge and discharge process under the operating condition according to the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery. The battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained, determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints; determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints as the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under the operating condition; wherein the target charge and discharge process includes the lithium-ion battery under the positive electrode lithium insertion state, the negative electrode lithium insertion state and the ambient temperature indicated by the operating condition, and the charge and discharge process of the charging and discharging time indicated by the operating condition according to different charge and discharge currents; the objective function is expressed as: Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge and discharge time, and I represents the charge and discharge current; the simulation constraints include: 0<charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential>negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit.

[0006] In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: exporting a simulation result file, wherein the simulation result file includes the maximum charging and discharging current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a lithium-ion battery charge and discharge maximum current simulation system is provided, comprising: a plurality of computing nodes, the plurality of computing nodes comprising a master node and at least two slave nodes; the master node is configured to: obtain a simulation requirement file for a lithium-ion battery, and assign a simulation task to each slave node based on the simulation requirement file; wherein the simulation requirement file comprises a plurality of operating conditions, each operating condition comprising: a positive electrode lithium insertion state, a negative electrode lithium insertion state, an ambient temperature, a charge and discharge time, an initial current, a current upper limit, a voltage upper limit, a voltage lower limit, a temperature upper limit, and a negative electrode potential lower limit; the simulation task is used to instruct the slave node to perform a simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under at least one operating condition in the simulation requirement file; the slave node is configured to: in response to receiving a simulation task sent by the master node, determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition indicated by the simulation task using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, obtain a simulation result of the simulation task and send the simulation result to the master node, the simulation result comprising the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition indicated by the simulation task.

[0008] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the use of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation task to obtain a simulation result of the simulation task includes: for each operating condition in the simulation task, simulating the target charge and discharge process under the operating condition according to the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery. The battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints; the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints is determined as the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under the operating condition; wherein the target charge and discharge process includes the lithium-ion battery being charged and discharged according to different charge and discharge currents for the charge and discharge time indicated by the operating condition under the positive electrode lithium insertion state, the negative electrode lithium insertion state and the ambient temperature indicated by the operating condition; the objective function is expressed as: Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge and discharge time, and I represents the charge and discharge current; the simulation constraints include: 0<charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential>negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the master node is further configured to: in response to receiving a simulation result sent by a slave node, save the received simulation result to a simulation result file, and assign a new simulation task to the slave node that sends the simulation result until the simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file is completed; when the simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file has been completed, export the simulation result file, wherein the exported simulation result file includes the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, allocating simulation tasks to each slave node based on the simulation requirement file includes: allocating simulation tasks to idle slave nodes according to the load conditions of each slave node and the simulation requirement file, wherein the load conditions are used to indicate whether the slave nodes are idle.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the master node is further configured to: when the system returns to normal after a fault, or when the master node returns to normal after a fault, re-acquire the simulation requirement file for the lithium-ion battery, and allocate unfinished simulation tasks in the simulation requirement file to each slave node based on the log file of the master node and the simulation requirement file; wherein the log file includes simulation tasks completed by each slave node; or, when any slave node in the system fails, reallocate the simulation tasks allocated to the failed slave node to the non-faulty slave node, until each failed slave node returns to normal, and then start allocating simulation tasks to each slave node; or, when the number of failed slave nodes in the system is greater than a preset threshold, stop allocating simulation tasks to each slave node, until the number of failed slave nodes is less than or equal to the preset threshold, and then resume allocating simulation tasks to each slave node.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the slave node is further configured to: in the event that a solver error of the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model occurs during the simulation using the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model of the lithium-ion battery, adjust the solver parameters of the solver until the adjusted solver successfully solves the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a device for simulating maximum charge and discharge current of a lithium-ion battery is provided, comprising: a file importing module, used to obtain a simulation requirement file for a lithium-ion battery, the simulation requirement file comprising a plurality of operating conditions, each operating condition comprising: a positive electrode lithium insertion state, a negative electrode lithium insertion state, an ambient temperature, a charge and discharge time, an initial current, a current upper limit, a voltage upper limit, a voltage lower limit, a temperature upper limit and a negative electrode potential lower limit; a simulation optimization module, used to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file by using an electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, and obtain the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the device further includes: a file export module, used to export a simulation result file, wherein the simulation result file includes the maximum charging and discharging current of the lithium-ion battery under various operating conditions in the simulation requirement file.

[0015] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to implement the above method when executing the instructions stored in the memory.

[0016] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored, wherein the computer program instructions implement the above method when executed by a processor.

[0017] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer-readable code, or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium carrying the computer-readable code, and when the computer-readable code runs in a processor of an electronic device, the processor in the electronic device executes the above method.

[0018] According to various aspects of the present disclosure, multiple operating conditions are input by obtaining a simulation requirement file, which is equivalent to converting the simulation requirement into a file form to input multiple operating conditions that need to be simulated. In this way, each operating condition can be automatically read from the simulation requirement file and the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery can be used to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity is maximized under each operating condition. This can achieve efficient simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition without manual intervention, effectively improving the simulation efficiency of the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery and shortening the simulation cycle.

[0019] Further features and aspects of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

[0021] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for simulating maximum current of charging and discharging a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a simulation process executed by a simulation program according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 3 A block diagram of a lithium-ion battery charging and discharging maximum current simulation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 4 A block diagram of a lithium-ion battery charging and discharging maximum current simulation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 5 A block diagram of an electronic device 1900 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise specified.

[0027] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0028] The term "and / or" herein is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the term "at least one" herein represents any combination of at least two of any one or more of a plurality of. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C can represent including any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0029] It should be understood that the terms “include” and “comprising” used in the specification and claims of the present disclosure indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0030] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present disclosure, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, methods, means, components and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the subject matter of the present disclosure.

[0031] As described above, the current method of obtaining the maximum charge and discharge current under different conditions by manually performing experimental tests or electrochemical simulations has a long manual simulation cycle and low simulation efficiency due to the huge amount of simulation tasks. In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure propose a lithium-ion battery charge and discharge maximum current simulation method and system, which can convert simulation requirements into simulation requirement files, automatically calculate the maximum charge and discharge current under each working condition after importing the system, and output the simulation results as a simulation result file (such as a .csv format file) after all working conditions are calculated. The entire process can achieve 7*24h automatic and efficient calculation without manual intervention, greatly shortening the simulation cycle of the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery and improving the simulation efficiency; in particular, the simulation system proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure can use multiple computing nodes to perform simulations in parallel, which can further shorten the simulation cycle and achieve high-throughput simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current.

[0032] In practical applications, the maximum current simulation method for charging and discharging a lithium-ion battery proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be deployed on various terminal devices through software or hardware modification. The terminal device involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure may refer to a device with a wireless connection function and / or a wired connection function. The wireless connection function refers to being able to connect to other devices through wireless connection methods such as wifi and Bluetooth. The terminal device involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also communicate with other devices through a wired connection function. The terminal device involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a touch screen, a non-touch screen, or a screenless terminal device. The touch screen can be controlled by clicking and sliding on the display screen with a finger or a stylus. The non-touch screen device can be connected to an input device such as a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel, and the terminal device is controlled through the input device. For example, a device without a screen may be a Bluetooth speaker without a screen. For example, the terminal device of the present application may include but is not limited to a user equipment (UE), a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a handheld device, a tablet computer, a laptop, a PDA, a computing device, etc.

[0033] The maximum current simulation method for charging and discharging of lithium-ion batteries in the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be deployed on a server. The server can be located in the cloud or locally. It can be a physical device or a virtual device, such as a virtual machine, a container, etc., and has a wireless communication function, wherein the wireless communication function can be set in the chip (system) or other parts or components of the server. It can refer to a device with a wireless connection function. The wireless connection function refers to the ability to connect to other servers or terminal devices through wireless connection methods such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. The server involved in the embodiment of the present disclosure may also have the function of communicating through a wired connection. For example, the server can receive a simulation requirement file of a lithium-ion battery sent by a terminal device, and the server executes the simulation method of the embodiment of the present disclosure based on the simulation requirement file of the lithium-ion battery, obtains a simulation result file, and returns the simulation result file to the terminal device, so as to display the maximum charging and discharging current under various working conditions in the simulation result file to the user in the terminal device.

[0034] It should be noted that the charging and discharging mentioned in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood as charging or discharging, for example, the charging and discharging current may include the charging current or the discharging current, the maximum charging and discharging current may include the maximum charging current or the maximum discharging current, the charging and discharging capacity may include the charging capacity or the discharging capacity, the charging and discharging time may include the charging time or the discharging time, the charging and discharging process may include the charging process or the discharging process, etc., and the simulation requirement file may include the charging or discharging operating conditions.

[0035] Figure 1The flowchart of the maximum current simulation method for charging and discharging a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The method can be applied to the above-mentioned terminal device or server, such as Figure 1 As shown, the simulation method includes: step S11 to step S12.

[0036] In step S11, a simulation requirement file for a lithium-ion battery is obtained, wherein the simulation requirement file includes multiple operating conditions, each operating condition including: positive electrode lithium insertion state, negative electrode lithium insertion state, ambient temperature, charge and discharge time, initial current, current upper limit, voltage upper limit, voltage lower limit, temperature upper limit and negative electrode potential lower limit.

[0037] In practical applications, the simulation method proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be deployed on various terminal devices or servers through a software program. Therefore, the software program used to implement the simulation method of the embodiment of the present disclosure can provide a file import function to facilitate users to import simulation requirement files to obtain simulation requirement files. For example, the simulation requirement files can be imported from the local storage of the terminal to the locally deployed software program, or the simulation requirement files can be uploaded from the local storage of the terminal to the software program deployed on the server. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the method for obtaining the simulation requirement files.

[0038] Among them, the simulation requirement file can be in .csv format, of course, it can also be in any file format in the art, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this. In practical applications, users can set specific values ​​of each working condition in the simulation requirement file according to the actual simulation requirements for lithium-ion batteries. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the number of working conditions and working condition values ​​in the simulation requirement file. For example, Table 1 shows some working conditions in the simulation requirement file.

[0039] Table 1 Some working conditions in simulation requirement files

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Among them, Table 1 may show the operating conditions of charging simulation. A row of data in Table 1 is also an operating condition. It can be known that the positive electrode lithium insertion state and the negative electrode lithium insertion state determine the charge state SOC of the lithium-ion battery. In practical applications, the simulation requirement file may include multiple operating conditions of the lithium-ion battery charging from 0% SOC to 95% SOC, and / or, multiple operating conditions of discharging from 100% SOC to 5% SOC.

[0043] In step S12, the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery is used to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, and the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file is obtained.

[0044] Wherein, the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery can characterize the electrochemical reaction and heat conduction process when the lithium-ion battery is charged or discharged according to any current. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can use the battery simulation modeling software open source in the art, such as pyBaMM software, to realize the establishment of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery. For example, the above-mentioned pyBaMM software can be used to establish an electrochemical-thermal coupling model according to the battery design parameters (such as electrode size, surface density, compaction density, etc.) and corresponding material properties (including thermodynamic parameters and kinetic parameters, etc.), and the battery test data (such as the charging rate curve and temperature rise curve of the battery) can also be used to correct the model parameters to obtain an accurate electrochemical-thermal coupling model. Wherein, the electrochemical-thermal coupling model established can adopt the thermoelectric coupling model known in the art, and of course, it can also be a technician in the field who independently designs the electrochemical-thermal coupling model, which is not limited to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0045] It can be seen that the charge and discharge capacity can be expressed as the integral of the charge and discharge current over the charge and discharge time, that is, Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge and discharge time, and I represents the charge and discharge current. The problem of solving the maximum current can be converted into the problem of maximizing the charge capacity or discharge capacity under specified working conditions. Therefore, for any working condition, the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery can be used to simulate the target charge and discharge process of the lithium-ion battery for the charge and discharge time indicated by the working condition according to different charge and discharge currents under the positive electrode lithium insertion state, negative electrode lithium insertion state and ambient temperature indicated by the working condition, so as to find the charge and discharge current that maximizes the charge and discharge capacity under the working condition and satisfies the simulation constraints based on the battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained by simulating the target charge and discharge process, that is, to obtain the maximum charge and discharge current under the working condition. Among them, the simulation constraints may include: 0<charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential>negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit. It should be noted that the charging and discharging current and initial current mentioned in the embodiments of the present disclosure refer to the current size. When performing charging simulation, the charging current and the initial current are positive numbers, and when performing discharging simulation, the discharge current and the initial current are negative numbers. The initial current is the initial value when searching for the maximum charging and discharging current.

[0046] In practical applications, a search algorithm known in the art, such as the Nelder-Mead algorithm (a heuristic search algorithm for solving numerical optimization problems), can be used to search for the maximum charge and discharge current that maximizes the charge and discharge capacity and satisfies the simulation constraints within the current range constrained by the initial current to the current upper limit. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0047] In a possible implementation, in order to conveniently search for the maximum charge and discharge current within the current range constrained by the initial current to the current upper limit, it is also possible to Define an objective function The maximum charge and discharge current under each working condition is found by minimizing the objective function, that is, the maximum value problem can be converted into a minimum value problem. Specifically, the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery is used to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity is maximized under each working condition in the simulation task, and the simulation results of the simulation task are obtained, including:

[0048] For each working condition in the simulation task, the battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained by simulating the target charge and discharge process under the working condition by the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery are used to determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints; wherein the target charge and discharge process includes the charge and discharge process of the lithium-ion battery under the positive electrode lithium insertion state, the negative electrode lithium insertion state and the ambient temperature indicated by the working condition, and the charge and discharge time indicated by the working condition according to different charge and discharge currents; wherein, for example, the above-mentioned Nelder-Mead algorithm can be used to realize the determination of the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints;

[0049] The charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints is determined as the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under the operating conditions; wherein, the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints is equivalent to the charge and discharge current that maximizes the charge and discharge capacity and satisfies the simulation constraints.

[0050] Among them, the objective function is expressed as: Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge and discharge time, and I represents the charge and discharge current; the simulation constraints include: 0<charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential>negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit.

[0051] For example, assuming that the current calculation is to calculate the maximum charging current under the first working condition in Table 1 "positive electrode lithium insertion state 0.264, negative electrode lithium insertion state 0.920, ambient temperature 25 degrees Celsius (℃), initial current 20 amperes (A), current upper limit 160A, voltage upper limit 4.3 volts (V), voltage lower limit 2.75V, temperature upper limit 60℃, charging time 1 second (s)", the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery can be used to simulate the lithium-ion battery under the positive electrode lithium insertion state 0.264, the negative electrode lithium insertion state 0.920 and the ambient temperature 25℃, and the charging is performed for 1 second according to different charging currents In the process, different charging currents can be searched and taken within the current range constrained by the initial current to the current upper limit, and the battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential under different charging currents can be obtained. At the same time, the charging capacity under different charging currents can be obtained by integrating different charging currents, and then the maximum charging current that minimizes the above objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints under this working condition can be determined; it should be understood that the search process for the charging current can be executed multiple times, and the search can be started from the initial current to the current upper limit. When the charging current exceeds the current upper limit, the search is stopped even if other simulation constraints can be met from the optimization perspective.

[0052] In one possible implementation, after calculating the maximum charge and discharge current under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, that is, after completing the simulation of the lithium-ion battery, the simulation result file can be exported, and the simulation result file includes the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, so that the user can view it. Among them, the simulation result file can be in .csv format, for example, and of course any file format in the art can be used, which is not limited to the embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, for some operating conditions of the simulation requirement file shown in Table 1, the maximum current (i.e., the maximum charging current) under some operating conditions in the simulation result file shown in Table 2 can be obtained.

[0053] Table 2 Maximum current under some working conditions in simulation result files

[0054]

[0055] According to the simulation method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of operating conditions are input by obtaining a simulation requirement file, which is equivalent to converting the simulation requirement into a file form to input a plurality of operating conditions that need to be simulated. In this way, each operating condition can be automatically read from the simulation requirement file and the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity is maximized under each operating condition can be determined using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery. This can efficiently simulate the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition without manual intervention, effectively improve the simulation efficiency of the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery, and shorten the simulation cycle.

[0056] As described above, the simulation method proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be deployed on various terminal devices or servers through a software program, wherein those skilled in the art can develop a file import module, a simulation optimization module, and a file export module based on the established electrochemical-thermal coupling model through a program development language known in the art (such as Python language) to obtain a simulation program for implementing the simulation method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, so that the simulation program can be deployed to various terminal devices or servers and other electronic devices to execute the simulation method of the embodiment of the present disclosure. Among them, the file import module is used to obtain the simulation requirement file, the simulation optimization module is used to determine the maximum charge and discharge current under various working conditions using the electrochemical-thermal simulation model, and the file export module is used to export the simulation result file. It should be understood that the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the development method of the above-mentioned simulation program.

[0057] For example, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the flow of executing the simulation using the above simulation program is shown, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, an electrochemical-thermal coupling model can be established by importing parameters (i.e., battery cell design parameters, battery cell test data, material thermodynamic parameters, and material kinetic parameters). The simulation requirement file can be imported through the file import module. The simulation optimization module can read the operating conditions one by one from the imported simulation requirement file and try from the first operating condition and the initial current to minimize the objective function (i.e., ) as the target, and automatically solve the problem of using the current by searching and adjusting the current multiple times (i.e. adjusting the model to simulate the charge and discharge current during the target charge and discharge process). The minimum maximum charge and discharge current that meets the simulation constraints. After calculating each working condition, the corresponding maximum charge and discharge current of the working condition can be attached to the preset result variable. Then continue the simulation of the next working condition until the simulation of all working conditions in the simulation requirement file is completed, and then the maximum charge and discharge current under each working condition attached to the result variable is exported as a simulation result file in .csv format through the execution file export module.

[0058] By utilizing the simulation optimization module, file import module, file export module, etc. in the above-mentioned simulation program, the simulation method proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be effectively implemented. Compared with manual simulation, the simulation time can be shortened by more than 94%, which greatly improves the efficiency of simulation and greatly shortens the simulation cycle of the maximum current. It has been verified that 200 working conditions / 24h / per program can be achieved, and all calculations can be completed by using three computing devices to perform simulation for 16 days respectively. Compared with the 300 days / engineer required for manual simulation, more than 94% of the time can be shortened. It should be understood that the more hardware resources (i.e., computing devices), the shorter the simulation cycle.

[0059] Considering that the number of working conditions that need to be simulated in actual situations is usually large, for example, it may be necessary to simulate 3 voltage ranges (2.5-4.2V, 2.5-4.25V, 2.5-4.3V), 16 ambient temperatures (-25℃~50℃, 5℃ intervals), 20 SOCs (5% SOC intervals), 5 charging and discharging times (1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, 30s), and the maximum charging and discharging currents, that is, a total of 9600 working conditions. The simulation cycle required to execute the above simulation method by a single device is still relatively long. In order to further improve the simulation efficiency and reduce the simulation time required for simulating a large number of working conditions, multiple computing nodes can be used to further shorten the simulation completion cycle. The computing node can be a physical machine (such as a computer or server) used to perform computing tasks in a distributed cluster, or it can be a virtual machine deployed on a physical machine, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on this, the embodiments of the present disclosure also propose Figure 3 The maximum current simulation system for charging and discharging lithium-ion batteries shown in the figure is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the system includes:

[0060] A plurality of computing nodes, the plurality of computing nodes including a master node and at least two slave nodes (as shown in the figure, slave node 1, slave node 2, slave node 3, ..., slave node N, N ≥ 2);

[0061] The master node is configured to execute: obtaining a simulation requirement file for lithium-ion batteries, and assigning simulation tasks to each slave node based on the simulation requirement file; wherein the simulation requirement file includes multiple operating conditions, each operating condition including: positive electrode lithium insertion state, negative electrode lithium insertion state, ambient temperature, charge and discharge time, initial current, current upper limit, voltage upper limit, voltage lower limit, temperature upper limit and negative electrode potential lower limit; the simulation task is used to instruct the slave node to perform the simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under at least one operating condition in the simulation requirement file;

[0062] The slave node is configured to execute: in response to receiving a simulation task sent by the master node, using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under various operating conditions indicated by the simulation task, obtaining the simulation result of the simulation task and sending the simulation result to the master node, the simulation result including the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under various operating conditions indicated by the simulation task.

[0063] Among them, the master node can refer to the implementation method of step S11 in the simulation method of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure to obtain the simulation requirement file, which will not be repeated here. In practical applications, the simulation task can be assigned to each slave node based on the simulation requirement file according to the preset task allocation strategy. For example, the task allocation strategy can include assigning a simulation task of a working condition to each slave node in sequence according to the working condition sequence in the simulation requirement file. For example, for some working conditions shown in Table 1, the first working condition can be assigned to slave node 1, the second working condition can be assigned to slave node 2, and the third working condition can be assigned to slave node 3. When any slave node completes the simulation task, the next working condition is assigned to the slave node that completes the simulation task in sequence. For example, if slave node 1 completes the simulation task of the first working condition first, the fourth working condition is assigned to slave node 1. If slave node 2 completes the simulation task of the second working condition first, the fourth working condition is assigned to slave node 2, and then the fifth working condition is assigned to the next slave node that completes the simulation task, and so on, until the simulation tasks under each working condition of the simulation requirement file are completed.

[0064] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can customize the specific content of the task allocation strategy according to actual needs. For example, the task allocation strategy can also be set to allocate simulation tasks of 2 working conditions to the slave node each time, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this.

[0065] Considering that the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of lithium-ion batteries has different solution times under different working conditions and that the slave nodes may have different load conditions due to the execution of other computing tasks, in a possible implementation, the above-mentioned allocation of simulation tasks to each slave node based on the simulation requirement file may include: allocating simulation tasks to idle slave nodes according to the load conditions of each slave node and the simulation requirement file, wherein the load condition is used to indicate whether the slave node is idle. Among them, the load condition of the slave node can be expressed as the resource occupancy of the slave node such as the memory occupancy rate and the processor (CPU) utilization rate. The master node can determine whether each slave node is idle by obtaining the computing resource occupancy such as the memory occupancy rate and the CPU utilization rate of each slave node in real time, and allocate simulation tasks to the idle slave nodes according to the above-mentioned preset task allocation strategy. Among them, the idle slave node can also be understood as a slave node with sufficient computing resources to undertake the simulation task.

[0066] In practical applications, the master node can also be configured to: in response to receiving the simulation results sent by the slave node, save the received simulation results to the simulation result file, and assign new simulation tasks to the slave node that sent the simulation results, until the simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under each working condition in the simulation requirement file is completed; when the simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under each working condition in the simulation requirement file has been completed, export the simulation result file, wherein the exported simulation result file includes the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each working condition in the simulation requirement file. It should be understood that the slave node that sends the simulation results can be understood as an idle slave node that has completed the simulation task, and thus, a new simulation task can be assigned to the slave node that sends the simulation results based on the simulation requirement file and the preset task allocation strategy.

[0067] It should be noted that there is no mutual dependency between each simulation task involved in this working condition embodiment. After submitting the simulation requirement file on the master node, the master node can assign a separate simulation task to each slave node according to the load conditions of each slave node. After the slave node that accepts the task completes the task, it passes the simulation result to the master node. The master node saves the simulation result and assigns a new simulation task to the slave node that has just completed the task until the simulation of all working conditions in the simulation requirement file is completed. During the entire simulation process, the master node can output a detailed log file in real time, which can record the simulation tasks assigned to the slave node, the simulation tasks completed by the slave node, the task assignment time, the task completion time and other information.

[0068] Among them, the slave node can refer to the implementation method of step S12 in the simulation method of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure to realize the use of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity is maximized under each working condition indicated by the simulation task, and obtain the simulation result of the simulation task, which will not be repeated here. Optionally, the above-mentioned use of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each working condition in the simulation task to obtain the simulation result of the simulation task can include: for each working condition in the simulation task, according to the battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained by simulating the target charge and discharge process under the working condition of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints; determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints as the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under the working condition; wherein the target charge and discharge process includes the lithium-ion battery in the positive electrode lithium insertion state, the negative electrode lithium insertion state and the ambient temperature indicated by the working condition, and the charge and discharge time indicated by the working condition is charged and discharged according to different charge and discharge currents; the objective function is expressed as: Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge and discharge time, and I represents the charge and discharge current; the simulation constraints include: 0<charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential>negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit.

[0069] According to the simulation system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, multiple computing nodes can be used to concurrently execute simulation tasks, further shortening the simulation cycle of the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery, improving the simulation efficiency, and achieving high-throughput simulation.

[0070] Considering that the entire simulation process may have failures such as power outages, crashes, program anomalies, and solver anomalies in the computing nodes, in order to cope with these failures, in a possible implementation, the master node can also be configured as follows:

[0071] When the system recovers after a failure, or when the master node recovers after a failure, the simulation requirement file for the lithium-ion battery is re-acquired, and the unfinished simulation tasks in the simulation requirement file are assigned to each slave node according to the log file of the master node and the simulation requirement file; wherein the log file includes the completed simulation tasks of each slave node; or,

[0072] In the event of a failure of any slave node in the system, the simulation tasks assigned to the failed slave node are reallocated to the normal slave nodes until the failed slave node is restored to normal, and then new simulation tasks are assigned to the restored slave nodes; or

[0073] When the number of failed slave nodes in the system is greater than a preset threshold, the simulation tasks are stopped from being allocated to each slave node until the failed slave nodes return to normal, and then the simulation tasks are started to be allocated to each slave node.

[0074] Among them, the failure may be, for example, power outage, freeze, restart, program abnormality, etc. The node returns to normal after the failure, that is, the node resumes normal use after the failure is repaired.

[0075] Among them, a system failure may be caused by a power outage or network disconnection, which may cause all computing nodes to fail to work or more than a certain number of computing nodes to fail to work (that is, a failure). A master node failure may be caused by a power outage, freeze, restart, program abnormality, etc. in the master node itself. In the above failure situations, the master node will be unable to assign tasks, causing the simulation of the entire system to stagnate. Therefore, when the failure is resolved and restored to normal, the simulation requirement file can be submitted to the relevant program deployed in the master node again. The relevant program deployed in the master node will view and skip the completed simulation tasks by reading the log file that has been saved in real time, and continue to assign the remaining unfinished simulation tasks in the simulation requirement file to each slave node.

[0076] Among them, the failure of the slave node may be caused by power failure, crash, restart, program abnormality, etc. The master node can have an interval detection mechanism. If a slave node is detected to be faulty, the simulation task assigned to the faulty slave node can be reallocated to other idle slave nodes that are not faulty. When the faulty slave node returns to normal, the simulation task can continue to be assigned to the restored slave node. If there are many faulty slave nodes in the system, that is, the number of faulty slave nodes in the system is greater than the preset threshold, the simulation tasks of all slave nodes can be manually or automatically ended (equivalent to stopping the simulation process of the entire system), that is, the master node stops assigning simulation tasks to each slave node (equivalent to stopping the relevant program in the master node for implementing simulation). After the faulty slave node returns to normal, the user can resubmit the simulation requirement file to the master node (equivalent to starting the relevant program in the master node for implementing simulation) to enable the master node to start assigning simulation tasks to each slave node. The master node can view and skip the completed simulation tasks by reading the log file that has been saved in real time, and assign the unfinished simulation tasks in the simulation requirement file to each slave node.

[0077] It can be known that the electrochemical-thermal coupling model is mainly constructed in the form of a group of partial differential equations. Solving the electrochemical-thermal coupling model is equivalent to solving a group of partial differential equations. Those skilled in the art can use solvers known in the art (i.e., partial differential equation solvers) to solve the electrochemical-thermal coupling model. However, since the temperature range and current range for solving the electrochemical-thermal coupling model are large, solver errors may occur in the process of solving the group of partial differential equations. Based on this, the slave node can also be configured as follows: when a solver error of the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model occurs during the simulation using the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model of a lithium-ion battery, the solver parameters of the solver are adjusted until the adjusted solver successfully solves the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model. It should be understood that different solvers may have different solver parameters (i.e., parameters of the solution algorithm). For example, the solver parameters may include tolerance, number of iterations, time step, and other related parameters for solving partial differential equations. Those skilled in the art may pre-set adjustment strategies according to actual conditions to adjust the solver parameters based on the error content and according to the preset adjustment strategy when the solver reports an error. For example, the tolerance may be increased, the number of iterations may be increased, the time step may be reduced, etc., and then the electrochemical-thermal coupling model may be re-solved using the adjusted solver until the adjusted solver successfully solves the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model.

[0078] The simulation system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can cope with various fault conditions in the system, so as to help ensure that the system successfully completes the simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under various working conditions in the entire simulation requirement file.

[0079] Figure 4 The block diagram of the maximum current simulation device for charging and discharging a lithium-ion battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The device can be deployed on various electronic devices through software or hardware modification, that is, the device can adopt the software form of the above-mentioned simulation program, or can also adopt the form of hardware or a combination of software and hardware, etc., which is not limited by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, the device comprises:

[0080] A file import module 401 is used to obtain a simulation requirement file for a lithium-ion battery, wherein the simulation requirement file includes multiple operating conditions, each of which includes: a positive electrode lithium insertion state, a negative electrode lithium insertion state, an ambient temperature, a charge and discharge time, an initial current, a current upper limit, a voltage upper limit, a voltage lower limit, a temperature upper limit, and a negative electrode potential lower limit;

[0081] The simulation optimization module 402 is used to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file by using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, and obtain the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file.

[0082] In a possible implementation, the use of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, and obtaining the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, includes: for each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, according to the battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained by simulating the target charge and discharge process under the operating condition according to the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, determining the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints; determining the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints as the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under the operating condition; wherein the target charge and discharge process includes the charge and discharge process of the lithium-ion battery under the positive electrode lithium insertion state, the negative electrode lithium insertion state and the ambient temperature indicated by the operating condition, and performing the charge and discharge time indicated by the operating condition according to different charge and discharge currents; the objective function is expressed as: Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge and discharge time, and I represents the charge and discharge current; the simulation constraints include: 0<charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential>negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit.

[0083] In a possible implementation, the device further includes: a file export module for exporting a simulation result file, wherein the simulation result file includes the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each working condition in the simulation requirement file.

[0084] According to the simulation device of the embodiment of the present disclosure, multiple operating conditions are input by obtaining a simulation requirement file, which is equivalent to converting the simulation requirement into a file form to input multiple operating conditions that need to be simulated. In this way, each operating condition can be automatically read from the simulation requirement file and the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery can be used to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity is maximized under each operating condition. This can achieve efficient simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition without manual intervention, effectively improving the simulation efficiency of the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery and shortening the simulation cycle.

[0085] In some embodiments, the functions or modules included in the device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be used to execute the method described in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation can refer to the description of the above method embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0086] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which computer program instructions are stored, and the computer program instructions implement the above method when executed by a processor. The computer-readable storage medium can be a volatile or non-volatile computer-readable storage medium.

[0087] An embodiment of the present disclosure further proposes an electronic device, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; wherein the processor is configured to implement the above method when executing the instructions stored in the memory.

[0088] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer program product, including a computer-readable code, or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium carrying the computer-readable code. When the computer-readable code runs in a processor of an electronic device, the processor in the electronic device executes the above method.

[0089] Figure 5 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device 1900 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the electronic device 1900 may be provided as a server or a terminal device. Figure 5 , the electronic device 1900 includes a processing component 1922, which further includes one or more processors, and a memory resource represented by a memory 1932 for storing instructions executable by the processing component 1922, such as an application. The application stored in the memory 1932 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. In addition, the processing component 1922 is configured to execute instructions to perform the above method.

[0090] The electronic device 1900 may also include a power supply component 1926 configured to perform power management of the electronic device 1900, a wired or wireless network interface 1950 configured to connect the electronic device 1900 to a network, and an input / output interface 1958 (I / O interface). The electronic device 1900 may operate based on an operating system stored in the memory 1932, such as Windows Server 2003. TM , Mac OS X TM , Unix TM ,Linux TM , FreeBSD TM or similar.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium is also provided, such as a memory 1932 including computer program instructions, which can be executed by the processing component 1922 of the electronic device 1900 to perform the above method.

[0092] The present disclosure may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0093] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be interpreted as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0094] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0095] The computer program instructions for performing the operation of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. Computer-readable program instructions may be executed completely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or completely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may be customized by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions, and the electronic circuit may execute the computer-readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0096] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.

[0097] These computer-readable program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, thereby producing a machine, so that when these instructions are executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device, a device that implements the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram is generated. These computer-readable program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and these instructions cause the computer, programmable data processing device, and / or other equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the computer-readable medium storing the instructions includes a manufactured product, which includes instructions for implementing various aspects of the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0098] Computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device so that a series of operating steps are performed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby causing the instructions executed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to implement the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0099] The flow chart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings show the possible architecture, function and operation of the system, method and computer program product according to multiple embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each square box in the flow chart or block diagram can represent a part of a module, program segment or instruction, and a part of the module, program segment or instruction includes one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. In some alternative implementations, the function marked in the square box can also occur in a sequence different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two continuous square boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each square box in the block diagram and / or flow chart, and the combination of the square boxes in the block diagram and / or flow chart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or can be implemented with a combination of special hardware and computer instructions.

[0100] The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for simulating the maximum current of lithium-ion battery charging and discharging, characterized in that: include: Obtain a simulation requirement file for a lithium-ion battery, wherein the simulation requirement file includes multiple operating conditions, each operating condition including: positive electrode lithium insertion state, negative electrode lithium insertion state, ambient temperature, charge and discharge time, initial current, current upper limit, voltage upper limit, voltage lower limit, temperature upper limit, and negative electrode potential lower limit; The electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery is used to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, and the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file is obtained.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, and obtaining the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, includes: For each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, the battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained by simulating the target charge and discharge process under the operating condition according to the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, and the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints are determined; Determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints as the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under the operating condition; The target charge and discharge process includes the charge and discharge process of the lithium-ion battery at the positive electrode lithium insertion state, the negative electrode lithium insertion state and the ambient temperature indicated by the working condition, and at different charge and discharge currents for the charge and discharge time indicated by the working condition; The objective function is expressed as: Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge Discharge time, I represents the charge and discharge current; the simulation constraints include: 0 < charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential > negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: A simulation result file is exported, wherein the simulation result file includes the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file.

4. A lithium-ion battery charging and discharging maximum current simulation system, characterized in that: include: A plurality of computing nodes, the plurality of computing nodes comprising a master node and at least two slave nodes; The master node is configured to: obtain a simulation requirement file for a lithium-ion battery, and assign simulation tasks to each slave node based on the simulation requirement file; wherein the simulation requirement file includes multiple operating conditions, each operating condition including: positive electrode lithium insertion state, negative electrode lithium insertion state, ambient temperature, charge and discharge time, initial current, current upper limit, voltage upper limit, voltage lower limit, temperature upper limit and negative electrode potential lower limit; the simulation task is used to instruct the slave node to perform a simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under at least one operating condition in the simulation requirement file; The slave node is configured to: in response to receiving a simulation task sent by the master node, determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition indicated by the simulation task using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, obtain a simulation result of the simulation task and send the simulation result to the master node, wherein the simulation result includes the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition indicated by the simulation task.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The method of using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under various working conditions in the simulation task to obtain the simulation result of the simulation task includes: For each operating condition in the simulation task, the battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained by simulating the target charge and discharge process under the operating condition according to the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, and the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints are determined; Determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints as the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under the operating condition; The target charge and discharge process includes charging and discharging the lithium-ion battery at the positive electrode lithium insertion state, the negative electrode lithium insertion state and the ambient temperature indicated by the operating condition according to different charge and discharge currents for the charge and discharge time indicated by the operating condition; The objective function is expressed as: Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge and discharge time, and I represents the charge and discharge current; The simulation constraints include: 0<charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential>negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit.

6. The system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The master node is also configured to: In response to receiving the simulation result sent by the slave node, saving the received simulation result to a simulation result file, and assigning a new simulation task to the slave node that sent the simulation result until the simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under each working condition in the simulation requirement file is completed; When the simulation of the maximum charge and discharge current under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file has been completed, the simulation result file is exported, wherein the exported simulation result file includes the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file.

7. The system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The allocating simulation tasks to each slave node based on the simulation requirement file includes: According to the load conditions of the various slave nodes and the simulation requirement file, simulation tasks are allocated to the idle slave nodes, wherein the load conditions are used to indicate whether the slave nodes are idle.

8. The system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The master node is also configured to: When the system recovers after a fault, or when the master node recovers after a fault, reacquire the simulation requirement file for the lithium-ion battery, and assign unfinished simulation tasks in the simulation requirement file to each slave node according to the log file of the master node and the simulation requirement file; wherein the log file includes the completed simulation tasks of each slave node; or, In the event of a failure of any slave node in the system, the simulation tasks assigned to the failed slave node are reallocated to the slave nodes that are not failed, until the failed slave node is restored to normal, and then new simulation tasks are assigned to the restored slave nodes; or When the number of failed slave nodes in the system is greater than a preset threshold, the simulation tasks are stopped from being allocated to each slave node until the failed slave nodes return to normal, and then the simulation tasks are started to be allocated to each slave node.

9. The system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The slave node is also configured as: When a solver error of the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model occurs during the simulation using the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model of the lithium-ion battery, the solver parameters of the solver are adjusted until the adjusted solver successfully solves the electrochemical-thermal coupling simulation model.

10. A lithium-ion battery charging and discharging maximum current simulation device, characterized in that: include: A file import module is used to obtain a simulation requirement file for a lithium-ion battery, wherein the simulation requirement file includes multiple operating conditions, each of which includes: positive electrode lithium insertion state, negative electrode lithium insertion state, ambient temperature, charge and discharge time, initial current, current upper limit, voltage upper limit, voltage lower limit, temperature upper limit, and negative electrode potential lower limit; The simulation optimization module is used to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file by using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, and obtain the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that The method of using the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery to determine the charge and discharge current when the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion battery is maximized under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, and obtaining the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, includes: For each operating condition in the simulation requirement file, the battery voltage, battery temperature and negative electrode potential obtained by simulating the target charge and discharge process under the operating condition according to the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the lithium-ion battery, and the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints are determined; Determine the charge and discharge current that minimizes the objective function and satisfies the simulation constraints as the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under the operating condition; The target charge and discharge process includes the charge and discharge process of the lithium-ion battery at the positive electrode lithium insertion state, the negative electrode lithium insertion state and the ambient temperature indicated by the working condition, and at different charge and discharge currents for the charge and discharge time indicated by the working condition; The objective function is expressed as: Q represents the charge and discharge capacity, t represents the charge and discharge time, and I represents the charge and discharge current; The simulation constraints include: 0<charge and discharge current ≤ current upper limit, voltage lower limit ≤ battery voltage ≤ voltage upper limit, negative electrode potential>negative electrode potential lower limit, battery temperature ≤ temperature upper limit.

12. The device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that The device also includes: The file export module is used to export a simulation result file, wherein the simulation result file includes the maximum charge and discharge current of the lithium-ion battery under each working condition in the simulation requirement file.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 3 when executing the instructions stored in the memory.

14. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is implemented.

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