Protection device of energy storage battery and energy storage equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an energy storage battery protection device and energy storage equipment, the protection device comprises a first interface, a second interface, a master control switch circuit and a control circuit, the first end of the master control switch circuit is connected with the first interface, the second end of the master control switch circuit is connected with the second interface, and the control circuit is connected with the master control switch circuit. When the charging voltage received by the second interface is higher than a first preset threshold value, the control circuit outputs a first driving signal to control the main control switch circuit to be switched off. When the charging voltage received by the second interface is higher than a first preset threshold value, it is indicated that the charging voltage provided by the charging device for the energy storage battery is too high, and at the moment, the control circuit controls the main control switch circuit to be disconnected, so that the access between the charging device and the charging interface of the energy storage battery is disconnected; therefore, the energy storage battery is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh charging voltage provided by the charging equipment, the energy storage battery is protected, and the safety of the energy storage battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a protection device for an energy storage battery and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] When the high-voltage charging device is charging the battery, if the battery is full or has a fault, the protection board in the battery disconnects the charging and discharging MOS tube to protect the battery. However, if the charging device is not unplugged from the battery interface in time, the charging device will continue to increase the charging voltage until it reaches its maximum charging voltage. Since the charging device is high voltage and the battery is low voltage, the excessive charging voltage can easily break down and damage the charging and discharging MOS tube of the low-voltage battery, which can easily damage the battery, and in severe cases even cause safety problems such as battery fire. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a protection device for an energy storage battery and an energy storage device, which can protect the energy storage battery when a high-voltage charging device charges the energy storage battery, thereby improving the safety of charging the energy storage battery.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a protection device for an energy storage battery, the protection device comprising a main control switch circuit, a control circuit, a first interface and a second interface, wherein the first end of the main control switch circuit is connected to the first interface, and the second end of the main control switch circuit is connected to the second interface; the first interface is used to connect to a charging interface of the energy storage battery, and the second interface is used to connect to a charging device; the charging device charges the energy storage battery through the main control switch circuit; the control circuit is connected to the main control switch circuit, and the control circuit is used to: when the charging voltage received by the second interface is higher than a first preset threshold, output a first drive signal to control the main control switch circuit to disconnect.

[0005] In one embodiment, the control circuit is further configured to: when the charging voltage is lower than a second preset threshold, output a second drive signal to control the main control switch circuit to be turned on; wherein the second preset threshold is lower than the first preset threshold.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first preset threshold is adjusted according to a maximum limiting voltage of an energy storage battery of the access protection device.

[0007] In one embodiment, the control circuit includes a detection unit and a control unit, the first end of the detection unit is connected to the second interface to detect the charging voltage, and the second end of the detection unit is connected to the control unit; the detection unit is used to: when the charging voltage is higher than a first preset threshold, output a first state signal to the control unit, so that the control unit outputs a first drive signal according to the first state signal; when the charging voltage is lower than a second preset threshold, output a second state signal to the control unit, so that the control unit outputs a second drive signal according to the second state signal.

[0008] In one embodiment, the detection unit includes a first comparator, a first input end of the first comparator is connected to a second interface to detect a charging voltage, a second input end of the first comparator is used to receive a first preset threshold value or a second preset threshold value, and an output end of the first comparator is connected to a control unit; the first comparator is used to: output a first state signal when the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold value; and output a second state signal when the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold value.

[0009] In one embodiment, the detection unit includes a first comparator and a second comparator, the first input end of the first comparator is connected to the second interface to detect the charging voltage, the second input end of the first comparator is used to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value, the output end of the first comparator is connected to the first input end of the second comparator, the second input end of the second comparator is used to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value, and the output end of the second comparator is connected to the control unit; the first comparator is used to: when the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold value, output a first level signal; when the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold value, output a second level signal; the second comparator is used to: when receiving the first level signal, output a first state signal; when receiving the second level signal, output a second state signal.

[0010] In one embodiment, the detection unit also includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor; the first end of the first resistor is connected to the second interface, and the second end of the first resistor is connected to the first input end of the first comparator; the first end of the second resistor is connected to the first input end of the first comparator, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded; the second input end of the first comparator is connected to the third resistor to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value through the third resistor; the fourth resistor is connected between the second input end of the first comparator and the output end of the first comparator; the first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second input end of the second comparator, and the second end of the fifth resistor receives the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value; the first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second input end of the second comparator, and the second end of the sixth resistor is grounded; the first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output end of the second comparator.

[0011] In one embodiment, the control circuit also includes a control switch unit; the control end of the control switch unit is connected to the first output end of the control unit, the first end of the control switch unit is connected to the second input end of the control unit, the second end of the control switch unit is grounded, and the second output end of the control unit is connected to the main control switch circuit; the detection unit is connected to the first input end of the control unit; wherein, when the first input end receives a first state signal, the first output end outputs a first control signal to turn on the control switch unit; when the first output end receives a second state signal, the first output end outputs a second control signal to turn off the control switch unit; when the control switch unit is turned on, the second input end receives a low level signal, and the second output end outputs a first drive signal according to the low level signal; when the control switch unit is turned off, the second output end outputs a second drive signal.

[0012] In one embodiment, the protection device further includes an indication circuit connected to the second input terminal, and the indication circuit is used to indicate that the charging voltage is higher than a first preset threshold value when a low level signal is received.

[0013] In one embodiment, the control unit includes an enable terminal. When the enable terminal receives an enable signal, the control unit continuously outputs the second drive signal to the main control switch circuit according to the enable signal.

[0014] In one embodiment, the main control switch circuit includes a first switch unit, a first end of the first switch unit is connected to a first interface, a second end of the first switch unit is connected to a second interface, a control end of the first switch unit is connected to a control circuit to receive a first drive signal, and the first switch unit is disconnected according to the first drive signal.

[0015] In one embodiment, the main control switch circuit also includes a second switch unit, a first end of the second switch unit is connected to the second end of the first switch unit, the second end of the second switch unit is connected to the second interface, a control end of the second switch unit is connected to the control circuit to receive a first drive signal, and the second switch unit is disconnected according to the first drive signal.

[0016] In one embodiment, the main control switch circuit also includes a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor, a bias resistor and a first voltage stabilizing diode; the first end of the first current limiting resistor is connected to the control end of the first switch unit, and the second end of the first current limiting resistor is connected to the control circuit; the first end of the second current limiting resistor is connected to the control end of the second switch unit, and the second end of the second current limiting resistor is connected to the control circuit; the bias resistor is connected between the second end of the second current limiting resistor and the first end of the second switch unit; the anode of the first voltage stabilizing diode is connected to the second end of the first switch unit, and the cathode of the first voltage stabilizing diode is connected to the second end of the first current limiting resistor.

[0017] In one embodiment, the main control switch circuit also includes a second zener diode and a third zener diode, the anode of the second zener diode is connected to the anode of the second zener diode, the cathode of the second zener diode is connected to the first end of the first switch unit, and the cathode of the third zener diode is connected to the second end of the second switch unit.

[0018] A second aspect of the present application provides an energy storage device, including a protection circuit, an energy storage battery and a charging interface, wherein the protection circuit includes a main control switch circuit and a control circuit, wherein a first end of the main control switch circuit is connected to the energy storage battery, a second end of the main control switch circuit is connected to the charging interface, the charging interface is used to connect a charging device, and the charging device charges the energy storage battery via the main control switch circuit; the control circuit is used to: when a charging voltage received at the second end of the main control switch circuit is higher than a first preset threshold, output a first drive signal to control the main control switch circuit to disconnect.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages: In the embodiment of the present application, the protection device can be arranged between the charging interface of the energy storage battery and the charging device. When the charging voltage received by the second interface of the protection device is higher than the first preset threshold, the control circuit outputs a first drive signal to control the main control switch circuit to disconnect. Among them, when the charging voltage received by the second interface is higher than the first preset threshold, it means that the charging voltage provided by the charging device to the energy storage battery is too high. At this time, the control circuit controls the main control switch circuit to disconnect, so that the path between the charging device and the charging interface of the energy storage battery is disconnected, so as to prevent the charging voltage provided by the charging device from being too high and damaging the energy storage battery, thereby protecting the energy storage battery and improving the safety of the energy storage battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of a protection device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic block diagram of a protection device provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the protection device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a protection device provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic block diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the following different embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] It should be noted that when a device is said to be "connected to" another device, it may be directly connected to the other device or it may be indirectly connected (with an intervening device).

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0028] When the high-voltage charging device is charging the battery, if the battery is full or has a fault, the protection board in the battery disconnects the charging and discharging MOS tube to protect the battery. However, if the charging device is not unplugged from the battery interface in time, the charging device will continue to increase the charging voltage until it reaches its maximum charging voltage. Since the charging device is high voltage and the battery is low voltage, the excessive charging voltage can easily break down and damage the charging and discharging MOS tube of the low-voltage battery, which can easily damage the battery, and in severe cases even cause safety problems such as battery fire.

[0029] To this end, the embodiments of the present application provide a protection device for an energy storage battery and an energy storage device, which can protect the energy storage battery when a high-voltage charging device is charging the energy storage battery, thereby improving the safety of charging the energy storage battery.

[0030] See also Figure 1 , is a schematic block diagram of a protection device 100 for an energy storage battery according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the protection device 100 includes a main control switch circuit 110 , a control circuit 120 , a first interface 130 and a second interface 140 .

[0031] The first end of the main control switch circuit 110 is connected to the first interface 130, and the second end of the main control switch circuit 110 is connected to the second interface 140. The first interface 130 is used to connect to the charging interface (not shown) of the energy storage battery 200, and the second interface 140 is used to connect to the charging device 300. Thus, the charging device 300 can charge the energy storage battery 200 through the main control switch circuit 110.

[0032] It can be understood that a BMS (BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) protection board (not shown) is provided inside the energy storage battery 200, and a charge and discharge switch tube (not shown) of the energy storage battery 200 is provided on the BMS protection board, and the charge and discharge switch tube is connected to the charging interface of the energy storage battery 200. When the energy storage battery 200 is charged, the BMS protection board controls the charge and discharge switch tube to be turned on. When the energy storage battery 200 is fully charged, the BMS protection board controls the charge and discharge switch tube to be turned off.

[0033] The control circuit 120 is connected to the main control switch circuit 110 . When the charging voltage received by the second interface 140 is higher than a first preset threshold, the control circuit 120 outputs a first driving signal to control the main control switch circuit 110 to be disconnected.

[0034] When the charging voltage received by the second interface 140 is higher than the first preset threshold value, it means that the charging voltage provided by the charging device 300 to the energy storage battery 200 is too high. At this time, the control circuit 120 controls the main control switch circuit 110 to disconnect, so that the path between the charging device 300 and the charging interface of the energy storage battery 200 is disconnected, preventing the charging voltage provided by the charging device 300 from being too high and damaging the energy storage battery 200, thereby protecting the energy storage battery 200 and improving the safety of the energy storage battery 200.

[0035] It can be understood that when the charging device 300 is a high-voltage charging device and the energy storage battery 200 is a low-voltage battery, as the charging device 300 charges the energy storage battery 200, the voltage of the energy storage battery 200 gradually increases. When the energy storage battery 200 is fully charged, the BMS protection board inside it will disconnect the charge and discharge switch tube. However, since the charging device 300 is a high-voltage charging device, the charging device 300 will continue to increase the charging voltage. If the charging voltage is too high, the charge and discharge switch tube inside the energy storage battery 200 will be broken down, thereby damaging the BMS protection board. The energy storage battery 200 is connected to the high-voltage charging device through the protection device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application. After the energy storage battery 200 is fully charged, if the charging voltage provided by the high-voltage charging device to the second interface 140 of the protection device 100 is higher than the first preset threshold, the control circuit 120 of the protection device 100 controls the main control switch circuit 110 to disconnect, disconnect the high-voltage charging device from the energy storage battery 200, and protect the BMS protection board of the energy storage battery 200. Therefore, the low-voltage energy storage battery 200 can be adapted to the high-voltage charging equipment through the protection device 100 of the embodiment of the present application, and can also ensure the safety when being charged by the high-voltage charging equipment.

[0036] It is understandable that when the charging voltage received by the second interface 140 is lower than the second preset threshold, the control circuit 120 outputs a second driving signal to control the main control switch circuit 110 to be turned on, thereby releasing the protection of the energy storage battery 200 .

[0037] The second preset threshold is lower than the first preset threshold, so that the control circuit 120 can be prevented from repeatedly controlling the main switch circuit 110 to turn on and off due to voltage fluctuations in the charging voltage provided by the charging device 300 .

[0038] It is understood that the control circuit 120 can adjust the threshold from the first preset threshold to the second preset threshold after the main control switch circuit 110 is disconnected, and the control circuit 120 adjusts the threshold from the second preset threshold to the first preset threshold after the main control switch circuit 110 is turned on.

[0039] Of course, in some embodiments, the threshold input to the control circuit 120 can remain unchanged, and the circuit structure of the control circuit 120 can be set so that the control circuit 120 outputs a first drive signal when the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold, and outputs a second drive signal when the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the first preset threshold value can be adjusted according to the maximum limiting voltage of the energy storage battery 200 connected to the protection device 100. Thus, the protection device 100 can be applicable to different energy storage batteries 200, thereby improving the application range of the protection device 100. Among them, the maximum limiting voltage of the energy storage battery 200 can be the overvoltage threshold, breakdown voltage, etc. of the energy storage battery 200.

[0041] For example, the protection device 100 can communicate with the energy storage battery 200 connected to the first interface 130, obtain the maximum limit voltage of the energy storage battery 200, and adjust the first preset threshold according to the maximum limit voltage of the energy storage battery 200. The first preset threshold can be set to the maximum limit voltage, or to a value related to the maximum limit voltage.

[0042] For another example, an adjustable sliding resistor may be provided in the protection device 100, and the first preset threshold value may be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the sliding resistor.

[0043] Correspondingly, the second preset threshold can be adjusted according to the first preset threshold, and the second preset threshold is set to a value smaller than the first preset threshold.

[0044] It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, in order to prevent the voltage difference between the charging device 300 and the charging interface of the energy storage battery 200 from being too large when the main control switch circuit 110 is turned on, thereby damaging the protection device 100 or the energy storage battery 200, the protection device 100 may also include a pre-charging circuit 160 (such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in FIG. 1 ), the pre-charging circuit 160 can be connected between the first interface 130 and the second interface 140. In this way, before the main control switch circuit 110 is turned on, pre-charging can be performed through the pre-charging circuit 160 to reduce the voltage difference between the charging device 300 and the charging interface. The pre-charging circuit 160 can be connected in parallel with the main control switch circuit 110.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the main control switch circuit 110 can be connected between the positive terminal of the charging interface of the energy storage battery 200 and the positive terminal of the charging device 300 through the first interface 130 and the second interface 140, and can also be connected between the negative terminal of the charging interface of the energy storage battery 200 and the negative terminal of the charging device 300 through the first interface 130 and the second interface 140, and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The control circuit 120 includes a detection unit 121 and a control unit 122 . A first end of the detection unit 121 is connected to the second interface 140 to detect the charging voltage, and a second end of the detection unit 121 is connected to the control unit 122 .

[0047] When the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold, the detection unit 121 outputs a first state signal to the control unit 122, so that the control unit 122 outputs a first driving signal according to the first state signal.

[0048] When the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the detection unit 121 outputs a second state signal to the control unit 122, so that the control unit 122 outputs a second driving signal according to the second state signal.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the control unit 122 may include, for example, a microcontroller unit (MCU), a control chip, or other control devices.

[0050] It can be understood that in order to ensure that the detection unit 121 detects the charging voltage of the charging device 300 , the first end of the detection unit 121 is connected to the positive terminal of the charging device 300 through the second interface 140 to obtain the charging voltage output by the charging device 300 to the second interface 140 .

[0051] For further information, see Figure 3 The detection unit 121 may include a first comparator U1, a first input end of the first comparator U1 is connected to the second interface 140 to detect the charging voltage, a second input end of the first comparator U1 is used to receive a first preset threshold value or a second preset threshold value, and an output end of the first comparator U1 is connected to the control unit 122.

[0052] When the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold, the first comparator U1 outputs a first state signal, and when the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the first comparator U1 outputs a second state signal.

[0053] Of course, the detection unit 121 of the embodiment of the present application can be set to various forms, as long as it can detect the charging voltage received by the second interface 140 and determine whether the charging voltage is greater than the first preset threshold or less than the second preset threshold, and output different status signals according to different judgment results.

[0054] In some other embodiments, see Figure 4 The detection unit 121 may include a first comparator U1 and a second comparator U2, the first input end of the first comparator U1 is connected to the second interface 140 to detect the charging voltage, the second input end of the first comparator U1 is used to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value, the output end of the first comparator U1 is connected to the first input end of the second comparator U2, the second input end of the second comparator U2 is used to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value, and the output end of the second comparator U2 is connected to the control unit 122.

[0055] When the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold, the first comparator U1 outputs a first level signal, and when receiving the first level signal, the second comparator U2 outputs a first state signal, so that the control circuit 120 outputs a first driving signal according to the first state signal, thereby disconnecting the main control switch circuit 110.

[0056] When the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the first comparator U1 outputs a second level signal, and the second comparator U2 outputs a second state signal when receiving the second level signal, so that the control circuit 120 outputs a second driving signal according to the second state signal, thereby turning on the main control switch circuit 110.

[0057] Further, the detection unit 121 may further include a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6 and a seventh resistor R7.

[0058] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second interface 140, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first input end of the first comparator U1. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first input end of the first comparator U1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. The first input end of the first comparator U1 may also be provided with a grounded filter capacitor C1, and the filter capacitor C1 may be used to filter out clutter to improve the stability of the first comparator U1.

[0059] The second input terminal of the first comparator U1 is connected to the third resistor R3 to receive the first preset threshold or the second preset threshold through the third resistor R3. The fourth resistor R4 is connected between the second input terminal of the first comparator U1 and the output terminal of the first comparator U1.

[0060] A first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second input end of the second comparator U2, and a second end of the fifth resistor R5 receives the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value. A first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second input end of the second comparator U2, and a second end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded; a first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5, and a second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the output end of the second comparator U2.

[0061] The charging voltage provided by the charging device 300 is divided by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the voltage received by the first input terminal of the first comparator U1 is the voltage across the second resistor R2. Specifically, the charging voltage is V1, and the voltage received by the first input terminal of the first comparator U1 is V1×R2 / (R1+R2), that is, the detection unit 121 receives a value related to the charging voltage. Correspondingly, the second input terminal of the first comparator U1 receives a threshold value through the third resistor R3. The first preset threshold is VREF, and the actual value received by the second input terminal of the first comparator U1 is VREF×R2 / (R1+R2). Thus, when the voltage received by the first input terminal of the first comparator U1 is greater than the value received by the second input terminal thereof, it indicates that the charging voltage V1 is higher than the first preset threshold VREF. Then, the first comparator U1 outputs a first level signal, and then the second comparator U2 outputs a first state signal according to the first level signal, so that the control unit 122 outputs a first drive signal according to the first state signal, so as to control the main control switch circuit 110 to be disconnected, thereby realizing the protection function of the protection device 100 on the energy storage battery 200.

[0062] In this example, the second preset threshold is generated by setting the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 for the first comparator U1. The second input terminal of the first comparator U1 still receives the first preset threshold VREF through the third resistor R3. The actual value received by the second input terminal of the first comparator U1 is VREF×R4 / (R3+R4). In this way, when the voltage V1×R2 / (R1+R2) received by the first input terminal of the first comparator U1 is less than the value VREF×R4 / (R3+R4) received by its second input terminal, it means that the charging voltage V1 is lower than the second preset threshold (VREF×R4 / (R3+R4)) / (R2 / (R1+R2)), then the first comparator U1 outputs a second level signal, and then the second comparator U2 outputs a second state signal according to the second level signal, so that the control unit 122 outputs a second drive signal according to the second state signal to control the main control switch circuit 110 to turn on, and release the protection of the energy storage battery 200 by the protection device 100.

[0063] The first preset threshold or the second preset threshold received by the fifth resistor R5 is divided by the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6. The seventh resistor R7 is used to provide feedback for the second comparator U2 to stabilize the signal output by the second comparator U2. In this example, the fifth resistor R5 can always receive the first preset threshold. Among them, the first input end of the first comparator U1 is the positive input end, and the second input end of the first comparator U1 is the negative input end. The first input end of the second comparator U2 is the negative input end, and the second input end of the second comparator U2 is the positive input end. When the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold, the first level signal output by the first comparator U1 is a low level signal, and when the second comparator U2 receives the low level signal, it will cause the negative input end voltage of the second comparator U2 to be less than the voltage value of its positive input end (the first preset threshold), and then the first state signal output by the second comparator U2 is a high level signal, and the control unit 122 outputs the first drive signal to the main control switch circuit 110 according to the first state signal.

[0064] When the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the second level signal output by the first comparator U1 is a high level signal. When the second comparator U2 receives the high level signal, it will cause the voltage at the negative input terminal of the second comparator U2 to be higher than the voltage value of its positive input terminal (the first preset threshold), and then the second state signal output by the second comparator U2 is a low level signal. The control unit 122 outputs a second drive signal to the main control switch circuit 110 according to the second state signal.

[0065] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the control circuit 120 may further include a control switch unit Q1. The control end of the control switch unit Q1 is connected to the first output end OUTA of the control unit 122, the first end of the control switch unit Q1 is connected to the second input end INB of the control unit 122, the second end of the control switch unit Q1 is grounded, the second output end OUTB of the control unit 122 is connected to the main control switch circuit 110, and the detection unit 121 is connected to the first input end INA of the control unit 122.

[0066] Among them, when the first input terminal INA of the control unit 122 receives the first state signal, the first output terminal OUTA of the control unit 122 outputs the first control signal to turn on the control switch unit Q1. At this time, the second input terminal INB of the control unit 122 is grounded through the turned-on control switch unit Q1, so the second input terminal INB of the control unit 122 receives a low-level signal, and the second output terminal OUTB of the control unit 122 outputs a first drive signal according to the low-level signal received by its second input terminal INB.

[0067] When the first output terminal OUTA of the control unit 122 receives the second state signal, the first output terminal OUTA of the control unit 122 outputs the second control signal to disconnect the control switch unit Q1. At this time, the second output terminal OUTB of the control unit 122 outputs the second drive signal. When the control switch unit Q1 is disconnected, the second input terminal INB of the control unit 122 may have no signal input or may input a high level signal. When the second input terminal INB of the control unit 122 inputs a high level signal when the control switch unit Q1 is disconnected, the first end of the control switch unit Q1 is also connected to the power supply through a pull-up resistor.

[0068] In this example, the control switch unit Q1 can be set as an NMOS tube. Of course, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific device of the control switch unit Q1, and it can be set according to the actual circuit structure.

[0069] Furthermore, in order to enable the user to know the charging status of the energy storage battery 200 in a timely manner, the protection device 100 may also include an indication circuit 150, which may be connected to the second input terminal INB of the control unit 122. When the indication circuit 150 receives a low-level signal through the second input terminal, it indicates that the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold. At this time, it means that the charging voltage provided by the charging device 300 is too high, and the user can unplug the charging device 300 from the second interface 140 of the protection device 100 according to the indication information of the indication circuit 150.

[0070] The indication circuit 150 may include an indicator light, a display screen, and the like.

[0071] Please continue reading Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the control unit 122 may include an enable terminal EN. When the enable terminal EN receives an enable signal, the control unit 122 may continuously output the second drive signal to the main control switch circuit 110 according to the enable signal.

[0072] That is to say, when the control unit 122 receives the enable signal, the control unit 122 no longer controls the on and off of the main control switch circuit 110 according to the charging voltage, and the main control switch circuit 110 continues to remain in the on state.

[0073] The enable signal may be generated by an enable switch provided on the protection device 100, or may be generated by the protection device 100 by communicating with the charging device 300 and the energy storage battery 200 to confirm whether the charging device 300 and the energy storage battery 200 are compatible. When the charging device 300 and the energy storage battery 200 are compatible, the charging voltage provided by the charging device 300 can only reach the maximum limit voltage of the energy storage battery 200 at most, and generally will not cause damage to the energy storage battery 200. When the charging device 300 and the energy storage battery 200 are not compatible, no enable signal is generated, so that the protection device 100 can protect the energy storage battery 200 and prevent the charging device 300 from outputting an excessively high charging voltage to damage the energy storage battery 200.

[0074] In this way, the protection device 100 can not only not generate an enable signal when the charging device 300 and the energy storage battery 200 are not compatible, so that the control unit 122 can control the on and off of the main control switch circuit 110 according to the charging voltage, thereby protecting the energy storage battery 200. The protection device 100 can also keep the main control switch circuit 110 turned on when the charging device 300 and the energy storage battery 200 are compatible, without the need for the protection device 100 to continuously detect the charging voltage and make a judgment, so as to prevent the protection device 100 from continuing to work when the charging device 300 and the energy storage battery 200 are compatible.

[0075] Please refer again Figure 3 and Figure 4 The main control switch circuit 110 may include a first switch unit Q2, a first end of the first switch unit Q2 is connected to the first interface 130, a second end of the first switch unit Q2 is connected to the second interface 140, a control end of the first switch unit Q2 is connected to the control circuit 120 to receive a first drive signal, and the first switch unit Q2 is disconnected according to the first drive signal.

[0076] It can be understood that when the control terminal of the first switch unit Q2 receives the second driving signal, the first switch unit Q2 is turned on according to the second driving signal.

[0077] Further, the main control switch circuit 110 may also include a second switch unit Q3, a first end of the second switch unit Q3 is connected to the second end of the first switch unit Q2, a second end of the second switch unit Q3 is connected to the second interface 140, a control end of the second switch unit Q3 is connected to the control circuit 120 to receive the first drive signal, and the second switch unit Q3 is disconnected according to the first drive signal. Similarly, when the control end of the second switch unit Q3 receives the second drive signal, the second switch unit Q3 is also turned on according to the second drive signal.

[0078] In this example, both the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3 can be set to NMOS tubes. At this time, the first end of the first switch unit Q2 is the drain S, the second end of the first switch unit is the source S, the first end of the second switch unit Q3 is the source S, the second end of the second switch unit Q3 is the drain D, and the control ends of the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3 are both gates G. Correspondingly, the first drive signal can be a low-level signal, and the second drive signal can be a high-level signal. Of course, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific devices of the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3. For example, they can also be set to PMOS tubes, triodes, etc., which can be set according to the actual circuit structure.

[0079] Specifically, the main control switch circuit 110 may further include a first current limiting resistor R8 , a second current limiting resistor R9 , a bias resistor R10 , and a first zener diode D1 .

[0080] The first end of the first current limiting resistor R8 is connected to the control end of the first switch unit Q2, and the second end of the first current limiting resistor R8 is connected to the control circuit 120. The first current limiting resistor R8 is used to limit the current of the control end of the first switch unit Q2 to prevent the current flowing into the control end of the first switch unit Q2 from being too large and damaging the first switch unit Q2.

[0081] The first end of the second current limiting resistor R9 is connected to the control end of the second switch unit Q3, and the second end of the second current limiting resistor R9 is connected to the control circuit 120. The second current limiting resistor R9 is used to limit the current of the control end of the second switch unit Q3 to prevent the current flowing into the control end of the second switch unit Q3 from being too large and damaging the second switch unit Q3.

[0082] The bias resistor R10 is connected between the second end of the second current limiting resistor R9 and the first end of the second switch unit Q3. It can be understood that the bias resistor R10 is also connected between the second end of the first current limiting resistor R8 and the second end of the first switch unit Q2. Therefore, the bias resistor R10 can be used to provide a bias voltage for the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3.

[0083] The anode of the first voltage zener diode D1 is connected to the second end of the first switch unit Q2, and the cathode of the first voltage zener diode D1 is connected to the second end of the first current limiting resistor R8. The first voltage zener diode D1 is used to stabilize the second end of the first switch unit Q2 to achieve voltage stabilization protection between the control end and the second end of the first switch unit Q2. It can be understood that the anode of the first voltage zener diode D1 is simultaneously connected to the first end of the second switch unit Q3, and the cathode of the first voltage zener diode D1 is simultaneously connected to the second end of the second current limiting resistor R9, so the first voltage zener diode D1 can also achieve voltage stabilization protection between the control end and the first end of the second switch unit Q3.

[0084] The main control switch circuit 110 may further include a second zener diode D2 and a third zener diode D3, wherein the anode of the second zener diode D2 is connected to the anode of the third zener diode D3, the cathode of the second zener diode D2 is connected to the first end of the first switch unit Q2, and the cathode of the third zener diode D3 is connected to the second end of the second switch unit Q3. The second zener diode D2 and the third zener diode D3 are used to stabilize the voltage of the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3, so as to realize voltage stabilization protection between the first end and the second end of the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3.

[0085] The control circuit 120 may further include a third current limiting resistor R11, a first pull-down resistor R12, and a second pull-down resistor R13, wherein a first end of the third current limiting resistor R11 is connected to a first output end OUTA of the control unit 122, and a second end of the third current limiting resistor R11 is connected to a control end of the control switch unit Q1. A first end of the first pull-down resistor R12 is connected to the control end of the control switch unit Q1, and a second end of the first pull-down resistor R12 is grounded. A first end of the second pull-down resistor R13 is connected to an enable end of the control unit 122, and a second end of the second pull-down resistor R13 is grounded.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit 160 may include a pre-charging diode D4 and a pre-charging resistor R11, the anode of the pre-charging diode D4 is connected to the first interface 130, the cathode of the pre-charging diode D4 is connected to the first end of the pre-charging resistor R11, and the second end of the pre-charging resistor R11 is connected to the second interface 140. Before the main control switch circuit 110 is turned on, pre-charging can be performed through the pre-charging resistor R11 and the pre-charging diode D4 to reduce the voltage difference between the charging device 300 and the charging interface.

[0087] The following Figure 4 Taking the example, the specific working process of the protection device 100 is described as follows: When the charging device 300 starts to charge the energy storage battery 200, the charging voltage provided by the charging device 300 to the second interface 140 is initially a small value and gradually increases. Initially, the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold value, the voltage received by the first input terminal of the first comparator U1 is lower than the voltage value received by its second input terminal, the first comparator U1 outputs a high level signal (second level signal), the first input terminal of the second comparator U2 receives the high level signal (second level signal), and the high level signal (second level signal) received by the first input terminal of the second comparator U2 is greater than the voltage value received by its second input terminal, and the second comparator U2 outputs a low level signal (second state signal) to the first input terminal INA of the control unit 122. According to the low level signal (second state signal) received by the first input terminal INA of the control unit 122, the first output terminal OUTA of the control unit 122 outputs a low level signal (second control signal) to the control terminal of the control switch unit Q1, and the control switch unit Q1 is disconnected. Since the control switch unit Q1 is disconnected, the second input terminal INB of the control unit 122 has no signal or receives a high-level signal, and the second output terminal OUTB of the control unit 122 outputs a high-level signal (a second drive signal) to the control terminals of the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3, so that the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3 are turned on, and the charging device 300 charges the energy storage battery 200 via the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3.

[0088] The power of the energy storage battery 200 is gradually charged. When the power of the energy storage battery 200 is fully charged, the BMS protection board inside the energy storage battery 200 disconnects its charging and discharging switch tube.

[0089] Then, if the charging device 300 is a high-voltage charging device and the energy storage battery 200 is a low-voltage battery, the charging voltage output by the charging device 300 will continue to increase. When the charging voltage increases to a value higher than the first preset threshold, the voltage received by the first input terminal of the first comparator U1 will be higher than the voltage value received by its second input terminal, and the first comparator U1 outputs a low-level signal (first-level signal), and the first input terminal of the second comparator U2 receives the low-level signal (first-level signal), and the low-level signal (first-level signal) received by the first input terminal of the second comparator U2 is lower than the voltage value received by its second input terminal, and the second comparator U2 outputs a high-level signal (first state signal) to the first input terminal INA of the control unit 122. According to the high-level signal (second state signal) received by the first input terminal of the control unit 122, the first output terminal OUTA of the control unit 122 outputs a high-level signal (first control signal) to the control terminal of the control switch unit Q1, and the control switch unit Q1 is turned on. The second input terminal INB of the control unit 122 is grounded through the turned-on control switch unit Q1, so that the second input terminal INB of the control unit 122 receives a low-level signal, and the second output terminal OUTB of the control unit 122 outputs a high-level signal (a first drive signal) to the control terminals of the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3 according to the low-level signal received by the second input terminal INB, so that the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3 are disconnected, thereby disconnecting the path between the charging device 300 and the energy storage battery 200, thereby protecting the energy storage battery 200.

[0090] It can be understood that if the charging voltage of the charging device 300 is subsequently reduced to below the second preset threshold, the first comparator U1 outputs a high-level signal (second level signal) to the first input terminal of the second comparator U2, and the second comparator U2 outputs a low-level signal (second state signal) to the first input terminal INA of the control unit 122, and the first output terminal OUTA of the control unit 122 outputs a low-level signal (second control signal) to the control terminal of the control switch unit Q1, and the control switch unit Q1 is disconnected, so that the second output terminal OUTB of the control unit 122 outputs the second drive signal to the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3, so that the first switch unit Q2 and the second switch unit Q3 are restored to conduction, and the protection of the energy storage battery 200 by the protection device 100 is released.

[0091] See also Figure 5 The embodiment of the present application further provides an energy storage device 10 , including a protection circuit 100 , an energy storage battery 200 and a charging interface 210 .

[0092] The protection circuit 100 includes a main control switch circuit 110 and a control circuit 120. A first end of the main control switch circuit 110 is connected to the energy storage battery 200, and a second end of the main control switch circuit 110 is connected to a charging interface 210 of the energy storage device 10. The charging interface 210 is used to connect a charging device 300, and the charging device 300 charges the energy storage battery 200 via the main control switch circuit 110.

[0093] When the charging voltage received by the second end of the main control switch circuit 110 is higher than the first preset threshold value, the control circuit 120 outputs a first drive signal to control the main control switch circuit 110 to disconnect. It can be understood that the beneficial effects and specific implementation methods that can be achieved by the energy storage device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding protection device 100 provided above, and will not be repeated here. In addition, the circuit structure of the protection circuit 100 in the energy storage device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is basically the same as the circuit structure of the corresponding protection device 100 provided above, and will not be repeated here.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are not intended to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A protection device for an energy storage battery, characterized in that: The protection device includes a main control switch circuit, a control circuit, a first interface and a second interface, wherein: The first end of the main control switch circuit is connected to the first interface, and the second end of the main control switch circuit is connected to the second interface; the first interface is used to connect to the charging interface of the energy storage battery, and the second interface is used to connect to a charging device; the charging device charges the energy storage battery through the main control switch circuit; The control circuit is connected to the main control switch circuit, and the control circuit is used for: When the charging voltage received by the second interface is higher than a first preset threshold, a first driving signal is output to control the main control switch circuit to be disconnected.

2. The protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control circuit is further configured to: when the charging voltage is lower than a second preset threshold, output a second drive signal to control the main control switch circuit to be turned on; wherein the second preset threshold is lower than the first preset threshold.

3. The protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset threshold is adjusted according to the maximum limiting voltage of the energy storage battery connected to the protection device.

4. The protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control circuit includes a detection unit and a control unit, wherein a first end of the detection unit is connected to the second interface to detect the charging voltage, and a second end of the detection unit is connected to the control unit; the detection unit is used to: When the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold, outputting a first state signal to the control unit, so that the control unit outputs the first driving signal according to the first state signal; When the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, a second state signal is output to the control unit, so that the control unit outputs the second driving signal according to the second state signal.

5. The protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection unit includes a first comparator, a first input end of the first comparator is connected to the second interface to detect the charging voltage, a second input end of the first comparator is used to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value, and an output end of the first comparator is connected to the control unit; the first comparator is used to: When the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold, outputting the first state signal; When the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the second state signal is output.

6. The protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection unit includes a first comparator and a second comparator, wherein the first input end of the first comparator is connected to the second interface to detect the charging voltage, the second input end of the first comparator is used to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value, the output end of the first comparator is connected to the first input end of the second comparator, the second input end of the second comparator is used to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value, and the output end of the second comparator is connected to the control unit; the first comparator is used to: When the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold, outputting a first level signal; When the charging voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, outputting a second level signal; The second comparator is used for: When receiving the first level signal, outputting the first state signal; When the second level signal is received, the second state signal is output.

7. The protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection unit further includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor; a first end of the first resistor is connected to the second interface, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first input end of the first comparator; a first end of the second resistor is connected to a first input end of the first comparator, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded; a second input end of the first comparator is connected to the third resistor to receive the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value through the third resistor; The fourth resistor is connected between the second input terminal of the first comparator and the output terminal of the first comparator; the first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the second comparator, and the second end of the fifth resistor receives the first preset threshold value or the second preset threshold value; the first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the second comparator, and the second end of the sixth resistor is grounded; the first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the output terminal of the second comparator.

8. The protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control circuit further comprises a control switch unit; the control end of the control switch unit is connected to the first output end of the control unit, the first end of the control switch unit is connected to the second input end of the control unit, the second end of the control switch unit is grounded, and the second output end of the control unit is connected to the main control switch circuit; The detection unit is connected to the first input terminal of the control unit; Wherein, when the first input terminal receives the first state signal, the first output terminal outputs a first control signal to turn on the control switch unit; when the first output terminal receives the second state signal, the first output terminal outputs a second control signal to turn off the control switch unit; When the control switch unit is turned on, the second input terminal receives a low level signal, and the second output terminal outputs the first driving signal according to the low level signal; When the control switch unit is turned off, the second output terminal outputs the second driving signal.

9. The protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protection device further comprises an indication circuit, which is connected to the second input terminal and is used for: When the low level signal is received, it indicates that the charging voltage is higher than the first preset threshold.

10. The protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control unit includes an enable terminal. When the enable terminal receives an enable signal, the control unit continuously outputs the second drive signal to the main control switch circuit according to the enable signal.

11. The protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The main control switch circuit includes a first switch unit, a first end of the first switch unit is connected to the first interface, a second end of the first switch unit is connected to the second interface, a control end of the first switch unit is connected to the control circuit to receive the first drive signal, and the first switch unit is disconnected according to the first drive signal.

12. The protection device according to claim 11, characterized in that The main control switch circuit also includes a second switch unit, a first end of the second switch unit is connected to the second end of the first switch unit, the second end of the second switch unit is connected to the second interface, a control end of the second switch unit is connected to the control circuit to receive the first drive signal, and the second switch unit is disconnected according to the first drive signal.

13. The protection device according to claim 12, characterized in that The main control switch circuit also includes a first current limiting resistor, a second current limiting resistor, a bias resistor and a first voltage-stabilizing diode; the first end of the first current limiting resistor is connected to the control end of the first switch unit, and the second end of the first current limiting resistor is connected to the control circuit; the first end of the second current limiting resistor is connected to the control end of the second switch unit, and the second end of the second current limiting resistor is connected to the control circuit; the bias resistor is connected between the second end of the second current limiting resistor and the first end of the second switch unit; the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the second end of the first switch unit, and the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the second end of the first current limiting resistor.

14. The protection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The main control switch circuit also includes a second zener diode and a third zener diode, the anode of the second zener diode is connected to the anode of the third zener diode, the cathode of the second zener diode is connected to the first end of the first switch unit, and the cathode of the third zener diode is connected to the second end of the second switch unit.

15. The protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pre-charging circuit, which is connected between the first interface and the second interface.

16. An energy storage device, characterized in that: It includes a protection circuit, an energy storage battery and a charging interface. The protection circuit includes a main control switch circuit and a control circuit. The first end of the main control switch circuit is connected to the energy storage battery, and the second end of the main control switch circuit is connected to the charging interface, the charging interface is used to connect a charging device, and the charging device charges the energy storage battery via the main control switch circuit; The control circuit is used for: When the charging voltage received by the second end of the main control switch circuit is higher than a first preset threshold, a first driving signal is output to control the main control switch circuit to be disconnected.

17. The energy storage device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The control circuit is further configured to: when the charging voltage is lower than a second preset threshold, output a second drive signal to control the main control switch circuit to be turned on; wherein the second preset threshold is lower than the first preset threshold.

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