Waste recovery equipment for neodymium-iron-boron magnet production

Abstract

The invention discloses waste recovery equipment for neodymium-iron-boron magnet production, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste recovery. Comprising a fire oven, a filter screen arranged in the fire oven, a fire baking assembly installed in the fire oven and used for conducting fire baking on the neodymium-iron-boron magnet, and a supporting and positioning assembly installed on the filter screen and used for supporting the neodymium-iron-boron magnet. The supporting and positioning assembly comprises a supporting cylinder seat, a threaded insertion rod, a base plate and a lower supporting and positioning rod, an opening of the supporting cylinder seat is upward, the supporting cylinder seat is fixed to the center of the filter screen, and the inner side of the supporting cylinder seat is in threaded connection with the lower end of the threaded insertion rod; the upper end of the threaded insertion rod is fixedly connected with a chassis, and a plurality of lower supporting positioning rods are evenly arranged on the upper side of the chassis at intervals in the circumferential direction. According to the equipment, in the fire roasting demagnetization process of the neodymium iron boron magnet, demagnetized waste on the outer side can be stripped in time, and rapid fire roasting demagnetization is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular relates to waste recovery equipment for the production of NdFeB magnets. Background Art

[0002] The main components of NdFeB magnets include rare earth metal neodymium and other rare earth elements. The global reserves of rare earth resources are limited and unevenly distributed. China is a country with relatively rich rare earth resources, but with the widespread application and increasing output of NdFeB magnets in recent years, the mining and consumption of rare earth resources have accelerated. Recycling NdFeB magnets can effectively reduce dependence on new rare earth resources and ease the contradiction between supply and demand of rare earth resources, which is of great significance for ensuring the sustainable utilization of rare earth resources. At present, when recycling NdFeB magnet waste manually, it is first necessary to fire-demagnetize the NdFeB magnet waste, which is not only convenient for sorting and transportation, but also can remove impurities adsorbed on the surface of the NdFeB magnet waste. Then the NdFeB magnet waste can be crushed and processed to prepare new NdFeB magnets. When manually demagnetizing NdFeB magnet waste by fire, since most of the NdFeB magnet waste is magnetic, a large amount of NdFeB magnet waste will be adsorbed together to form a mass, and the waste will block the NdFeB magnet waste inside, making it difficult to achieve the effect of rapid fire demagnetization. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste recycling equipment for the production of NdFeB magnets, which can timely peel off the outer demagnetization waste during the fire demagnetization of NdFeB magnets to achieve rapid fire demagnetization.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The invention discloses a waste recycling device for producing NdFeB magnets, comprising a fire oven, a filter screen arranged in the fire oven, a fire roasting assembly installed in the fire oven for roasting the NdFeB magnets, a support and positioning assembly installed on the filter screen for supporting the NdFeB magnets, a telescopic pressing assembly arranged above the NdFeB magnets, and a waste stripping assembly arranged outside the NdFeB magnets, wherein the support and positioning assembly comprises a support cylinder seat, a threaded plug rod, a chassis and a lower support and positioning rod, the opening of the support cylinder seat is upward and fixed at the center of the filter screen, the inner side of the support cylinder seat is threadedly connected to the lower end of the threaded plug rod, the upper end of the threaded plug rod is fixedly connected to the chassis, a plurality of lower support and positioning rods are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the upper side of the chassis, and the upper end of the lower support and positioning rod is used to support the NdFeB magnet; the waste stripping assembly comprises a scraper evenly arranged on the outer side of the NdFeB magnet along the circumference of the NdFeB magnet, and the scraper is connected to the top seat through an elastic connecting rod system.

[0005] Furthermore, the telescopic clamping assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, an output rod, a center rod, a top plate and an upper support positioning rod. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the top outer side of the fire oven. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder slides vertically into the fire oven and then connects to the output rod. The output rod is coaxially connected to the center rod. The center rod is connected to the top plate. A plurality of upper support positioning rods are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the lower side of the top plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the elastic connecting rod system includes a knife seat, a lower abdominal rod, an upper abdominal rod, a tension spring, and a sliding sleeve. The scraper is installed on the knife seat. The knife seat is hinged to the lower end of the lower abdominal rod, and the upper end of the lower abdominal rod is hinged to the lower end of the upper abdominal rod. An inward angle is formed between the upper abdominal rod and the lower abdominal rod, and the upper end of the upper abdominal rod is hinged to the top seat; the lower abdominal rod is also connected to the sliding sleeve through a tension spring, and the top seat and the sliding sleeve are simultaneously rotatably installed on the outside of the center rod.

[0007] Furthermore, a limiting rod is installed on the lower abdomen rod, and the limiting rod is located on the inner side of the tension spring and extends along the axial direction of the tension spring.

[0008] Furthermore, a support rod is connected to the outer side of the top seat, and the support rod is connected to a vertical threaded rod. The vertical threaded rod passes through the fire oven along the vertical direction, and the vertical threaded rod is connected to the fire oven through a locking piece.

[0009] Furthermore, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the oven below the filter screen, and a conveyor belt for transporting waste is installed below the discharge port.

[0010] Furthermore, a turntable is rotatably installed at the top center of the fire oven, and the turntable is driven to rotate by a rotation drive assembly. The fire roasting assembly includes a fuel cylinder, a fuel pipe and a flamethrower. The turntable is also equipped with a fuel cylinder, and the flamethrower is arranged on the outside of the neodymium iron boron magnet. The flamethrower is connected to the fuel cylinder through a fuel pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a water cylinder and a cold air cylinder are installed on the turntable at the same time. The water cylinder is connected to a water spray gun through a water pipe, and the cold air cylinder is connected to an air spray gun through an air pipe. The water spray gun and the air spray gun are arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention discloses a waste recycling device for NdFeB magnet production. A waste stripping assembly is arranged on the outer side of the NdFeB magnet. When the telescopic pressing assembly presses the NdFeB magnet downward, the pressure can be transmitted to the chassis through the NdFeB magnet. The chassis drives the threaded rod to move downward. Under the cooperative connection of the thread, the threaded rod can rotate circumferentially while moving vertically, thereby driving the NdFeB magnet on the upper side to rotate together. The waste stripping assembly can strip the demagnetized waste to prevent the waste on the outer side from blocking the waste NdFeB magnet on the inner side, causing the problem that the inner magnet cannot be demagnetized quickly.

[0013] In the recycling device disclosed in the present invention, three circumferentially evenly distributed lower support positioning rods can effectively support and position the NdFeB magnets without interfering with the scraper, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the waste stripping step. At the same time, the present invention can realize the rotation and vertical displacement of the NdFeB magnet relative to the scraper through the cooperation of the lower support positioning rod and the upper support positioning rod, and can perform waste stripping operations in all directions, making the waste stripping more thorough.

[0014] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to some extent, or those skilled in the art may be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the recovery device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the recycling device of the present invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the recovery equipment; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waste stripping assembly; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support and positioning assembly; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] The markings in the accompanying drawings are as follows: fire oven 1, filter 2, fire baking assembly 3, support positioning assembly 4, waste stripping assembly 5, support cylinder seat 6, threaded plug rod 7, chassis 8, lower support positioning rod 9, scraper 10, top seat 11, hydraulic cylinder 12, output rod 13, center rod 14, top plate 15, upper support positioning rod 16, knife seat 17, lower abdominal rod 18, upper abdominal rod 19, tension spring 20, sliding sleeve 21, limit rod 22, support rod 23, vertical threaded rod 24, locking piece 25, turntable 26, rotation drive assembly 27, fuel cylinder 28, fuel pipe 29, flamethrower 30, water cylinder 31, cold air cylinder 32, water pipe 33, water spray gun 34, air pipe 35, jet gun 36. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention discloses a waste recycling device for the production of NdFeB magnets, comprising a fire oven 1, a filter screen 2 arranged in the fire oven 1, a fire baking assembly 3 installed in the fire oven 1 for baking the NdFeB magnets, a support and positioning assembly 4 installed on the filter screen 2 for supporting the NdFeB magnets, a telescopic pressing assembly arranged above the NdFeB magnets, and a waste stripping assembly 5 arranged outside the NdFeB magnets. The fire oven 1 is a square structure, the filter screen 2 is a round shape, and the filter screen 2 is installed on the lower side of the inner part of the fire oven 1, which can filter larger waste blocks, so that the waste blocks can remain in the fire oven 1 until they are completely demagnetized and refined. The fire baking assembly 3 can directly adopt a high-temperature baking structure to bake and demagnetize the magnets, and the support and positioning assembly 4 is located at the bottom of the NdFeB magnets, and is used to support the NdFeB magnets from the bottom, so that the operation of baking and demagnetizing can be achieved in the middle of the fire oven 1. The telescopic pressing assembly is used to press the NdFeB magnet from top to bottom to prevent the NdFeB magnet from falling off the supporting positioning assembly 4.

[0018] Of course, the installation of the NdFeB magnets can be done manually at the initial stage of roasting, or can be directly operated by a robot, which can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0019] Specifically, the support and positioning assembly 4 disclosed in the present invention includes a support cylinder seat 6, a threaded rod 7, a chassis 8 and a lower support and positioning rod 9. The support cylinder seat 6 is straight and has an internal thread, and the outer side of the threaded rod 7 has an internal thread corresponding thereto. Since the support cylinder seat 6 is relatively fixed, when the threaded rod 7 is displaced along the axial direction, it can rotate at the same time under the cooperation of the thread.

[0020] Among them, the opening of the support cylinder seat 6 is upward and fixed at the center of the filter screen 2, the inner side of the support cylinder seat 6 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the threaded rod 7, the upper end of the threaded rod 7 is fixedly connected to the chassis 8, and three lower support positioning rods 9 are evenly spaced along the circumference on the upper side of the chassis 8, and the upper ends of the lower support positioning rods 9 are used to support the NdFeB magnet; the waste stripping assembly 5 includes three scrapers 10 evenly arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet along the circumference of the NdFeB magnet, and the scraper 10 is connected to the top seat 11 through an elastic connecting rod system.

[0021] When the device disclosed in the present invention is used in practice, the telescopic pressing assembly is first started to compress it downward. When the telescopic pressing assembly presses the NdFeB magnet downward, the pressure can be transmitted to the chassis 8 through the NdFeB magnet. The chassis 8 drives the threaded rod 7 to move downward. Under the cooperation and connection of the thread, the threaded rod 7 can rotate circumferentially while moving vertically, thereby driving the NdFeB magnet on the upper side to rotate together. The waste stripping assembly 5 can strip the demagnetized waste to prevent the waste on the outside from blocking the NdFeB magnet waste on the inside, causing the inner magnet to fail to demagnetize quickly.

[0022] In this embodiment, the telescopic pressing assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 12, an output rod 13, a center rod 14, a top plate 15 and an upper support positioning rod 16. The hydraulic cylinder 12 is installed on the top outer side of the fire oven 1. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 12 slides vertically into the fire oven 1 and then connects to the output rod 13, which can drive the output rod 13 to move vertically. The output rod 13 is coaxially connected to the center rod 14, and the center rod 14 is connected to the top plate 15. A plurality of upper support positioning rods 16 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the lower side of the top plate 15. The upper support positioning rod 16 corresponds to the lower support positioning rod 9. The combination of multiple positioning rods can position the special-shaped magnets and reduce the occurrence of falling off.

[0023] In this embodiment, the elastic connecting rod system includes a knife seat 17, a lower abdominal rod 18, an upper abdominal rod 19, a tension spring 20, and a sliding sleeve 21. The scraper 10 is installed on the knife seat 17. The knife seat 17 is hinged to the lower end of the lower abdominal rod 18. The upper end of the lower abdominal rod 18 is hinged to the lower end of the upper abdominal rod 19. A claw-like structure with an inward angle is formed between the upper abdominal rod 19 and the lower abdominal rod 18, which can reduce the wear problem caused by the interference between the upper abdominal rod 19 and the lower abdominal rod 18 and the magnet. The upper end of the upper abdominal rod 19 is hinged to the top seat 11; the lower abdominal rod 18 is connected to the sliding sleeve 21 through the tension spring 20 at the same time, and the top seat 11 and the sliding sleeve 21 are simultaneously rotatably installed on the outside of the center rod 14. By setting the tension spring 20, the tension spring 20 can provide an inward elastic pulling force for the lower abdominal rod 18, so that the scraper 10 can always be close to the surface of the magnet, thereby stripping the waste on the surface of the magnet.

[0024] In this embodiment, a limiting rod 22 is installed on the lower abdominal rod 18. The limiting rod 22 is located on the inner side of the tension spring 20 and extends along the axial direction of the tension spring 20. By setting the limiting rod 22, the tension spring 20 can be guided during the deformation process. After the outer surface of the neodymium iron boron magnet is continuously peeled off, the scraper 10 is fitted therewith, so that the bending direction of the lower abdominal rod 18 is more stable.

[0025] In this embodiment, a support rod 23 is connected to the outer side of the top seat 11, and a vertical threaded rod 24 is connected to the support rod 23. The vertical threaded rod 24 passes through the fire oven 1 along the vertical direction, and the vertical threaded rod 24 is connected to the fire oven 1 through a locking member 25. In the early stage of recycling, the depth of the vertical threaded rod 24 extending into the fire oven 1 can be changed, so as to adjust the height of the top seat 11 to meet the needs of different scraper 10 positions.

[0026] In this embodiment, a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the oven 1 below the filter screen 2, and a conveyor belt for transporting waste is installed below the discharge port, so that the waste can be transported out in time for easy recycling.

[0027] In this embodiment, a turntable 26 is rotatably mounted at the top center of the fire oven 1, and the turntable 26 is driven to rotate by a rotation drive assembly 27. The fire roasting assembly 3 includes a fuel barrel 28, a fuel pipe 29, and a flamethrower 30. The turntable 26 is also equipped with a fuel barrel 28, and the flamethrower 30 is arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet, and the flamethrower 30 is connected to the fuel barrel 28 through the fuel pipe 29. By rotating the turntable 26, the flamethrower 30 can surround the NdFeB magnet to roast various places around it, so that the roasting is more uniform and thorough.

[0028] In this embodiment, a water cylinder 31 and a cold air cylinder 32 are installed on the turntable 26 at the same time, the water cylinder 31 is connected to a water gun 34 through a water pipe 33, and the cold air cylinder 32 is connected to an air gun 36 through an air pipe 35, and the water gun 34 and the air gun 36 are arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet. Before demagnetizing the magnet, the present invention first freezes the magnet to make the internal structure of the NdFeB magnet in a relatively unstable state, and then heats it. The stress generated by thermal expansion is more likely to act on the parts that may be potentially damaged by freezing, making the magnet more prone to crack expansion and even partial peeling. Compared with the situation of simply heating without freezing pretreatment, it is possible to be more prone to more serious structural damage, and demagnetization can be achieved faster to recycle waste. Ice water can accelerate the freezing of NdFeB magnets and make it easier to cause cracks on the surface of NdFeB magnets.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste recycling equipment for NdFeB magnet production, characterized by: It includes a fire oven, a filter screen arranged in the fire oven, a fire roasting assembly installed in the fire oven for roasting NdFeB magnets, a support and positioning assembly installed on the filter screen for supporting NdFeB magnets, a telescopic pressing assembly arranged above the NdFeB magnets, and a waste stripping assembly arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnets, the support and positioning assembly includes a support cylinder seat, a threaded plug rod, a chassis and a lower support and positioning rod, the opening of the support cylinder seat is upward and fixed at the center of the filter screen, the inner side of the support cylinder seat is threadedly connected to the lower end of the threaded plug rod, the upper end of the threaded plug rod is fixedly connected to the chassis, and a plurality of lower support and positioning rods are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the upper side of the chassis, and the upper end of the lower support and positioning rod is used to support the NdFeB magnet; the waste stripping assembly includes a scraper evenly arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet along the circumference of the NdFeB magnet, and the scraper is connected to the top seat through an elastic connecting rod system.

2. The waste recycling equipment for NdFeB magnet production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic clamping assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, an output rod, a center rod, a top plate and an upper support positioning rod. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the top outer side of the fire oven. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder slides vertically into the fire oven and is then connected to the output rod. The output rod is coaxially connected to the center rod. The center rod is connected to the top plate. A plurality of upper support positioning rods are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the lower side of the top plate.

3. The waste recycling equipment for NdFeB magnet production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic connecting rod system includes a knife seat, a lower abdominal rod, an upper abdominal rod, a tension spring, and a sliding sleeve. The scraper is installed on the knife seat. The knife seat is hinged to the lower end of the lower abdominal rod. The upper end of the lower abdominal rod is hinged to the lower end of the upper abdominal rod. An inward angle is formed between the upper abdominal rod and the lower abdominal rod. The upper end of the upper abdominal rod is hinged to the top seat; the lower abdominal rod is also connected to the sliding sleeve through a tension spring, and the top seat and the sliding sleeve are simultaneously rotatably installed on the outside of the center rod.

4. The waste recycling equipment for NdFeB magnet production according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting rod is installed on the lower abdomen rod. The limiting rod is located at the inner side of the tension spring and extends along the axial direction of the tension spring.

5. The waste recycling equipment for NdFeB magnet production according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the top seat is connected with a support rod, and the support rod is connected with a vertical threaded rod. The vertical threaded rod passes through the fire oven along the vertical direction, and the vertical threaded rod is connected to the fire oven through a locking piece.

6. The NdFeB magnet production waste recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the oven below the filter screen, and a conveyor belt for transporting waste is installed below the discharge port.

7. The waste recycling equipment for NdFeB magnet production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A turntable is rotatably installed at the top center of the fire oven, and the turntable is driven to rotate by a rotation drive assembly. The fire roasting assembly includes a fuel cylinder, a fuel pipe and a flamethrower. The turntable is also equipped with a fuel cylinder, and the flamethrower is arranged on the outside of the neodymium iron boron magnet. The flamethrower is connected to the fuel cylinder through a fuel pipe.

8. The NdFeB magnet production waste recycling equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A water cylinder and a cold air cylinder are installed on the turntable at the same time. The water cylinder is connected to a water spray gun through a water pipe, and the cold air cylinder is connected to an air jet gun through an air pipe. The water spray gun and the air jet gun are arranged on the outside of the NdFeB magnet.

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