A drying machine and production line for drying potassium nitrate crystals

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drying machine and production line for drying potassium nitrate crystals, and relates to the technical field of potassium nitrate production. A feeding auger, a first drying bin, a second drying bin and a collecting bin are sequentially arranged according to the advancing direction of the potassium nitrate crystals. An air outlet pipe and a driving motor are arranged on the top of the first drying bin. A drying and grinding table is arranged inside the first drying bin. A gap is arranged between the outer wall of the drying and grinding table and the inner wall of the first drying bin. A hollow connecting column is installed on the top of the drying and grinding table. One end of the connecting column is rotatably connected to the feeding auger. A plurality of discharge ports are arranged on the side wall of the connecting column. The discharge ports are located between the drying and grinding table and the air outlet pipe. The driving motor is dynamically connected to the connecting column. Thus, the above design makes it possible for the potassium nitrate crystals to be dried without human involvement during the drying process, and to achieve continuous drying without stopping the machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of potassium nitrate production, and in particular to a drying machine and a production line for drying potassium nitrate crystals. Background Art

[0002] Potassium nitrate has many uses, such as fireworks production, fertilizers, catalysts, medicines, etc. Its production process usually includes physical and chemical reactions, crystallization, filtration, and drying processes, and potassium nitrate powder is obtained after drying. Since potassium nitrate is easily soluble in water, this causes potassium nitrate powder to easily absorb moisture and agglomerate, affecting subsequent use. Therefore, how to fully dry potassium nitrate and reduce its agglomeration problem is a difficult problem faced in the current potassium nitrate production process.

[0003] The existing potassium nitrate drying method is generally fluidized bed vibration drying. For example, the Chinese patent with application number "CN202321372570.4" discloses a "three-layer vibrating fluidized bed drying line for potassium nitrate", which is "including a first bucket elevator and a second bucket elevator, a disc cooler is arranged between the first bucket elevator and the second bucket elevator, a disc dryer is arranged on one side of the second bucket elevator, and a fluidized bed dryer is arranged on one side of the disc dryer. The first bucket elevator and the second bucket elevator can realize the lifting and transfer of the hopper containing potassium nitrate, the disc cooler can realize the cooling of the dried potassium nitrate raw material, and the fluidized bed dryer can realize the drying of the potassium nitrate raw material. The utility model is provided with a discharge mechanism, and the dried potassium nitrate can be discharged through the discharge mechanism, secondary drying is carried out, and then cooling is carried out by transfer. The whole process is mechanized operation, which reduces manual intervention, greatly improves the degree of mechanization, improves the drying efficiency, and avoids long-term contact between workers and potassium nitrate, causing physical damage to workers. "

[0004] Another example is the Chinese patent with application number "CN202222582593.X", which discloses "a potassium nitrate dryer", and its content is "comprising a blower; the input end of the blower is connected to a feed port, and the output end of the blower is connected to a material guide pipe. Through the combined processing structure, the fluidized bed is mainly composed of a blower, a dryer, a vibrating feeder, a hot exhaust fan, an electric control cabinet, ventilation ducts, exhaust ducts, etc. The safety of the system equipment startup is ensured by the safety interlock control of the electric cabinet button. The exhaust port collects waste gas and the feeding dust bin through a recycling device to achieve the environmental protection requirement of zero pollution emission of sewage and dust. By using a vibrating motor as a driving force, the machine has the characteristics of stable operation, low noise, long life and convenient maintenance. Vibration promotes the formation of a flow state and increases the effective heat transfer coefficient. Therefore, the thermal efficiency is high, the fluidization is uniform and stable, there is no dead bed, channel flow and boiling phenomenon, and a uniform dry and cooled potassium nitrate product can be obtained. "

[0005] However, the fluidized bed has the problem of being difficult to achieve continuous production. After the drying is completed, new materials can only be added after all the materials are discharged. In addition, manual assistance is required during the discharge process, otherwise material accumulation is likely to occur. Therefore, how to achieve continuous production and reduce labor input is a difficult problem currently faced. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above defects, the object of the present invention is to provide a drying machine and a production line for drying potassium nitrate crystals, aiming to solve the problem that the existing potassium nitrate drying equipment is difficult to produce continuously.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A drying machine for drying potassium nitrate crystals comprises a feeding auger, a first drying bin, a second drying bin and a collecting bin arranged in sequence according to the advancing direction of the potassium nitrate crystals; an air outlet duct and a driving motor are arranged on the top of the first drying bin; a drying and grinding table is arranged inside the first drying bin; a gap is arranged between the outer wall of the drying and grinding table and the inner wall of the first drying bin; a hollow connecting column is installed on the top of the drying and grinding table; one end of the connecting column is rotatably connected to the feeding auger, and the other end of the connecting column is connected to the top of the drying and grinding table; a plurality of discharge ports are opened on the side wall of the connecting column, and the discharge ports are located between the drying and grinding table and the air outlet duct; the driving motor is dynamically connected to the connecting column; the first drying bin also comprises a jacket, and a heating pipe is installed in the jacket.

[0009] Among them, the first drying chamber includes a first cavity and a second cavity, the first cavity is located between the second cavity and the air outlet pipe, the drying and grinding table is located in the first cavity, the drying and grinding table is conical, and the gap between the side wall of the drying and grinding table and the inner wall of the first cavity gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0010] Among them, an adapter is rotatably connected to the side wall of the connecting column, a hot air duct is connected to the side wall of the adapter, a ventilation pipe is installed inside the connecting column, one end of the ventilation pipe is connected to the drying and grinding table, a plurality of air ducts are arranged between the connecting column and the ventilation pipe, the adapter includes an inner cavity, one end of the air duct is connected to the inner cavity, and the other end of the air duct is connected to the ventilation pipe.

[0011] Among them, a plurality of heat-conducting fins are arranged inside the drying and grinding table, an air duct is installed at the bottom of the drying and grinding table, the air duct extends toward the second cavity, and a plurality of air outlet holes are opened on the side wall of the air duct.

[0012] Wherein, a material discharge column is installed at one end of the air guide pipe away from the drying and grinding table, and a spiral blade is installed on the side wall of the material discharge column.

[0013] Wherein, a conical unloading platform is installed at one end of the ventilation pipe away from the drying and grinding platform, and the end of the unloading platform with a larger bottom area is connected to the ventilation pipe.

[0014] Wherein, a conical material distribution platform is installed on the side wall of the ventilation pipe, and a plurality of the discharge ports are arranged around the material distribution platform.

[0015] Wherein, a plurality of protruding surfaces are arranged on the side wall of the drying and grinding table, wherein the protruding surfaces are parts of the sphere, and a gap is arranged between the protruding surfaces and the inner wall of the first cavity.

[0016] Among them, the second drying chamber includes an inner cavity and an outer cavity, the outer cavity is arranged around the inner cavity, a plurality of material guide columns are arranged in the inner cavity, a hot air inlet is installed at one end of the outer cavity, and a hot air outlet is installed at the other end of the outer cavity, both ends of the material guide column are connected to the outer cavity, one end of the material guide column faces the hot air inlet, and the other end of the material guide column faces the hot air outlet.

[0017] Wherein, it also includes a cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet pipe.

[0018] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] First, potassium nitrate crystals do not require personnel participation during the drying process, and can be dried continuously without stopping. Second, while the potassium nitrate is ground and crushed by the drying grinding table, it can also be heated, avoiding the agglomeration problem of potassium nitrate crystals and ensuring its drying quality. Third, by conveying hot air into the first drying bin, the hot air further dries the potassium nitrate crystals, and at the same time separates the potassium nitrate crystals from water vapor, avoiding the potassium nitrate crystals from absorbing water again. Fourth, the introduction column is used to make the potassium nitrate crystals continuously disperse during the falling process. This design increases the contact area between the potassium nitrate crystals and the introduction column, thereby accelerating the drying efficiency of the potassium nitrate crystals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the potassium nitrate production line;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dry grinding station;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the front view of the dry grinding table;

[0023] Figure 4 This is the structural diagram of the second drying chamber;

[0024] Figure 5 This is the structural diagram of the feed column.

[0025] In the figure: 1-unloading auger, 2-first drying chamber, 201-first cavity, 202-second cavity, 21-drying and grinding table, 22-air outlet pipe, 23-driving motor, 24-connecting column, 25-discharging port, 26-jacket, 27-heating pipe, 28-secondary air outlet pipe, 29-power wheel, 210-driving wheel, 211-adapter, 212-hot air pipe, 213-induction pipe, 214- Inner cavity, 215-ventilation duct, 216-heat-conducting fins, 217-air duct, 218-air outlet, 219-discharging column, 220-spiral blades, 221-protruding surface, 222-discharging platform, 223-distributing platform, 3-second drying bin, 31-inner cavity, 32-outer cavity, 33-introduction column, 34-hot air inlet, 35-hot air outlet, 36-exhaust port, 4-collecting bin, 5-cyclone separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] Example:

[0028] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a drying machine for drying potassium nitrate crystals is provided with a feeding auger 1, a first drying bin 2, a second drying bin 3 and a collecting bin 4 in sequence according to the advancing direction of the potassium nitrate crystals. The potassium nitrate crystals are sent to the first drying bin 2 by the feeding auger 1 for the first drying, and then the potassium nitrate crystals dried in the first drying bin 2 are sent to the second drying bin 3, and the potassium nitrate crystals are dried for the second time in the second drying bin 3, and finally, the potassium nitrate crystals enter the collecting bin 4.

[0029] Since potassium nitrate crystals are very easy to absorb water and agglomerate, in order to ensure the drying effect, we need to break the agglomerated potassium nitrate crystals, for this purpose, we introduced a drying and grinding table 21. An air outlet pipe 22 and a driving motor 23 are arranged on the top of the first drying bin 2, and a drying and grinding table 21 is arranged inside the first drying bin 2. A gap is arranged between the outer wall of the drying and grinding table 21 and the inner wall of the first drying bin 2. A hollow connecting column 24 is installed on the top of the drying and grinding table 21, one end of the connecting column 24 is rotatably connected to the unloading auger 1, and the other end of the connecting column 24 is connected to the top of the drying and grinding table 21. A plurality of discharge ports 25 are opened on the side wall of the connecting column 24, and the discharge ports 25 are located between the drying and grinding table 21 and the air outlet pipe 22. The driving motor 23 is connected to the connecting column 24 in power; the first drying bin 2 also includes a jacket 26, and a heating pipe 27 is installed in the jacket 26.

[0030] The hollow connecting column 24 delivers the potassium nitrate crystals in the unloading auger 1 to the first drying bin 2. At this time, the potassium nitrate crystals entering the connecting column 24 will first fall toward the first drying bin 2 due to gravity and accumulate into a pile. Since the driving motor 23 drives the connecting column 24 to rotate, the potassium nitrate crystals will be thrown around through the discharge port 25 under the action of centrifugal force, and fall on the drying and grinding table 21 after colliding with the inner wall of the first drying bin 2. Since the connecting column 24 is connected to the drying and grinding table 21, the connecting column 24 will drive the drying and grinding table 21 to rotate during the rotation process. In this solution, the gap between the drying and grinding table 21 and the inner wall of the first drying bin 2 is extremely small, so the potassium nitrate crystals that fall on the drying and grinding table 21 will rub against the inner wall of the first drying bin 2 during the rotation of the drying and grinding table 21, which causes the agglomerated potassium nitrate crystals to be continuously broken.

[0031] When the potassium nitrate crystals fall onto the drying and grinding table 21 , they are spread out on the side walls of the drying and grinding table 21 , which provides the potassium nitrate crystals with a sufficiently large heating area, thereby accelerating the drying speed.

[0032] In order to facilitate heating of the first drying chamber 2, a heating pipe 27 is installed in the jacket 26 of the first drying chamber 2. Both ends of the heating pipe 27 are connected to the heating equipment. The purpose is to send high-temperature heating medium to the jacket 26 and use the heating medium to heat the first drying chamber 2.

[0033] The above design not only grinds and crushes the potassium nitrate crystals entering the first drying chamber 2, but also heats the potassium nitrate crystals to separate the water vapor contained therein.

[0034] In order to facilitate the discharge of water vapor, a secondary air outlet pipe 28 is connected to the side wall of the air outlet pipe 22 , and a cyclone separator 5 is connected to one end of the secondary air outlet pipe 28 away from the air outlet pipe 22 .

[0035] In this solution, the driving motor 23 drives the connecting column 24 to rotate through a belt. A power wheel 29 is installed at the power end of the driving motor 23, and a driving wheel 210 is provided on the side wall of the connecting column 24. The power wheel 29 is connected to the driving wheel 210 by a belt.

[0036] In order to ensure the grinding quality, the first drying chamber 2 includes a first cavity 201 and a second cavity 202, wherein the first cavity 201 is located between the second cavity 202 and the air outlet pipe 22, and the drying and grinding table 21 is located in the first cavity 201. The drying and grinding table 21 is conical, and the gap between the side wall of the drying and grinding table 21 and the inner wall of the first cavity 201 gradually decreases from top to bottom. This allows the agglomerates with larger particle sizes to be continuously ground by the inner wall of the first cavity 201 and the side wall of the drying and grinding table 21 as they continue to penetrate into the first cavity 201.

[0037] In order to ensure the drying efficiency of potassium nitrate crystals, an adapter 211 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the connecting column 24, a hot air duct 212 is connected to the side wall of the adapter 211, a ventilation pipe 215 is installed inside the connecting column 24, one end of the ventilation pipe 215 is connected to the drying and grinding table 21, a plurality of air ducts 213 are arranged between the connecting column 24 and the ventilation pipe 215, the adapter 211 includes an inner cavity 214, one end of the air duct 213 is connected to the inner cavity 214, and the other end of the air duct 213 is connected to the ventilation pipe 215. The above scheme allows potassium nitrate crystals to fall through the gap between the ventilation pipe 215 and the connecting column 24, and at the same time, the hot air duct 212 will sequentially deliver the dry hot air to the ventilation pipe 215 through the inner cavity 214 and the air duct 213 of the adapter 211. The dry hot air in the ventilation pipe 215 will exchange heat with the falling potassium nitrate crystals, thereby preliminarily drying the potassium nitrate crystals.

[0038] In order to facilitate the drying and grinding table 21 to heat the potassium nitrate crystals, a plurality of heat-conducting fins 216 are arranged inside the drying and grinding table 21, and an air duct 217 is installed at the bottom of the drying and grinding table 21, and the air duct 217 extends toward the second cavity 202, and a plurality of air outlet holes 218 are opened on the side wall of the air duct 217. The heat-conducting fins 216 increase the heat exchange area between the hot air and the drying and grinding table 21, so that the drying and grinding table 21 can be quickly heated. At this time, the potassium nitrate crystals will be dried by the inner wall of the first cavity 201 and the side wall of the drying and grinding table 21 at the same time, thereby accelerating the drying efficiency. The air duct 217 will deliver the hot air to the second cavity 202, and the falling potassium nitrate crystals will be dried again by the hot air, and the hot air will separate the water vapor from the potassium nitrate crystals, and the dried potassium nitrate crystals will continue to fall, while the hot air carries the water vapor and a small amount of potassium nitrate powder through the air outlet pipe 22 to reach the cyclone separator 5.

[0039] Preferably, the heat conducting fins 216 are provided with through holes to avoid obstruction of hot air flow.

[0040] In order to facilitate the potassium nitrate crystals to reach the second drying bin 3 , a material discharge column 219 is installed at one end of the air duct 217 away from the drying and grinding table 21 , and a spiral blade 220 is installed on the side wall of the material discharge column 219 .

[0041] In order to prevent potassium nitrate crystals from accumulating on the top of the ventilation pipe 215 , a conical unloading platform 222 is installed at one end of the ventilation pipe 215 away from the drying and grinding table 21 , and the end of the unloading platform 222 with a larger bottom area is connected to the ventilation pipe 215 .

[0042] In order to facilitate the connecting pipe to evenly throw potassium nitrate crystals to the surroundings when rotating, a conical material distribution platform 223 is installed on the side wall of the ventilation pipe 215, and a plurality of the discharge ports 25 are arranged around the material distribution platform 223.

[0043] In order to further improve the grinding efficiency, a plurality of protruding surfaces 221 are provided on the side wall of the drying and grinding table 21. The protruding surfaces 221 are parts of a ball, and a gap is provided between the protruding surfaces 221 and the inner wall of the first cavity 201. The protruding surfaces 221 also increase the contact area between the potassium nitrate crystals and the drying and grinding table 21, thereby further improving the drying efficiency.

[0044] In order to further ensure the drying efficiency of potassium nitrate crystals, the second drying chamber 3 includes an inner cavity 31 and an outer cavity 32, wherein the outer cavity 32 is arranged around the inner cavity 31, and a plurality of guide columns 33 are arranged in the inner cavity 31, and a hot air inlet 34 is installed at one end of the outer cavity 32, and a hot air outlet 35 is installed at the other end of the outer cavity 32, and both ends of the guide columns 33 are connected to the outer cavity 32, and one end of the guide column 33 faces the hot air inlet 34, and the other end of the guide column 33 faces the hot air outlet 35. This design allows the potassium nitrate crystals to gradually disperse during the falling process, thereby ensuring that the potassium nitrate crystals can fully contact the guide columns 33, thereby ensuring its drying efficiency.

[0045] In order to further remove the water vapor in the potassium nitrate crystals, the induction column 33 is a triangular prism, and a plurality of exhaust ports 36 are provided at the bottom of the induction column 33 .

[0046] Preferably, a plurality of the guide columns 33 are combined to form a diamond array.

[0047] It is worth noting that the hot air inlet 34, hot air outlet 35 and hot air duct 212 in this solution are all connected to the heating fan (not shown in the figure), the purpose of which is to deliver the dry hot air produced by the heating fan to the first drying bin 2 and the second drying bin 3.

[0048] In summary, this scheme has the following advantages: First, potassium nitrate crystals do not require personnel participation during the drying process, and can be dried continuously without stopping. Second, while the potassium nitrate is ground and crushed by the drying grinding table 21, it can also be heated, thereby avoiding the agglomeration problem of the potassium nitrate crystals and ensuring its drying quality. Third, by conveying hot air into the first drying bin 2, the hot air is further dried to the potassium nitrate crystals, while the potassium nitrate crystals are separated from the water vapor, thereby avoiding the potassium nitrate crystals from absorbing water again. Fourth, the introduction column 33 is utilized to make the potassium nitrate crystals continuously disperse during the falling process. This design increases the contact area between the potassium nitrate crystals and the introduction column 33, thereby accelerating the drying efficiency of the potassium nitrate crystals.

[0049] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes. Various changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the above-mentioned concepts without creative work are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drying machine for drying potassium nitrate crystals, comprising a feeding auger (1), a first drying chamber (2), a second drying chamber (3) and a collecting chamber (4) arranged in sequence according to the advancing direction of the potassium nitrate crystals, characterized in that: An air outlet pipe (22) and a driving motor (23) are arranged on the top of the first drying bin (2); a drying and grinding table (21) is arranged inside the first drying bin (2); a gap is arranged between the outer wall of the drying and grinding table (21) and the inner wall of the first drying bin (2); a hollow connecting column (24) is installed on the top of the drying and grinding table (21); one end of the connecting column (24) is rotatably connected to the unloading auger (1); the other end of the connecting column (24) is connected to the top of the drying and grinding table (21); a plurality of discharge ports (25) are opened on the side wall of the connecting column (24); the discharge ports (25) are located between the drying and grinding table (21) and the air outlet pipe (22); the driving motor (23) is connected to the connecting column (24) in a power connection; the first drying bin (2) further comprises a jacket (26); a heating pipe (27) is installed in the jacket (26); The first drying chamber (2) comprises a first cavity (201) and a second cavity (202), the first cavity (201) being located between the second cavity (202) and the air outlet pipe (22), the drying and grinding table (21) being located in the first cavity (201), the drying and grinding table (21) being conical, and the gap between the side wall of the drying and grinding table (21) and the inner wall of the first cavity (201) gradually decreasing from top to bottom; An adapter (211) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the connecting column (24), a hot air duct (212) is connected to the side wall of the adapter (211), a ventilation pipe (215) is installed inside the connecting column (24), one end of the ventilation pipe (215) is connected to the drying and grinding table (21), a plurality of air ducts (213) are arranged between the connecting column (24) and the ventilation pipe (215), the adapter (211) comprises an inner cavity (214), one end of the air duct (213) is in communication with the inner cavity (214), and the other end of the air duct (213) is in communication with the ventilation pipe (215); A plurality of heat-conducting fins (216) are arranged inside the drying and grinding table (21), an air guide pipe (217) is installed at the bottom of the drying and grinding table (21), the air guide pipe (217) extends toward the second cavity (202), and a plurality of air outlet holes (218) are opened on the side wall of the air guide pipe (217); A material discharge column (219) is installed at one end of the air guide pipe (217) away from the drying and grinding table (21), and a spiral blade (220) is installed on the side wall of the material discharge column (219); The second drying chamber (3) comprises an inner cavity (31) and an outer cavity (32); the outer cavity (32) is arranged around the inner cavity (31); a plurality of material guide columns (33) are arranged in the inner cavity (31); a hot air inlet (34) is installed at one end of the outer cavity (32); a hot air outlet (35) is installed at the other end of the outer cavity (32); both ends of the material guide columns (33) are connected to the outer cavity (32); one end of the material guide columns (33) faces the hot air inlet (34) and the other end of the material guide columns (33) faces the hot air outlet (35).

2. The potassium nitrate crystal drying machine according to claim 1, wherein A conical material discharge platform (222) is installed at one end of the ventilation pipe (215) away from the drying and grinding platform (21), and an end of the material discharge platform (222) with a larger bottom area is connected to the ventilation pipe (215).

3. The potassium nitrate crystal drying machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A conical material distribution platform (223) is installed on the side wall of the ventilation pipe (215), and a plurality of the material discharge ports (25) are arranged around the material distribution platform (223).

4. The potassium nitrate crystal drying machine according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of protruding surfaces (221) are provided on the side wall of the drying and grinding table (21); the protruding surfaces (221) are parts of a ball; and gaps are provided between the protruding surfaces (221) and the inner wall of the first cavity (201).

5. A potassium nitrate crystal production line, comprising a drying machine for drying potassium nitrate crystals according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a cyclone separator (5), wherein the cyclone separator (5) is connected to the air outlet pipe (22).

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