A balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation

Abstract

The present invention provides a balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation, the balanced homodyne detection device comprising: a local resonant light generating module, used to generate two local resonant light signals with a fixed phase difference, wherein the intensity ratio of the two local resonant light signals is determined based on the phase of a specified orthogonal component; a multimode interference module, used to control the interference process between a light signal to be measured and the two resonant light signals based on a preset method, so as to output a plurality of output states generated by the interference between the light signal to be measured and the two local resonant light signals; a balanced homodyne detection module, used to detect the instantaneous light intensities of two specified output states in the output states output by the multimode interference module and convert the two instantaneous light intensities into two voltage signals, and calculate the difference between the two voltage signals and obtain the information of the specified orthogonal component of the light signal to be measured based on the correspondence between the voltage signal difference and the orthogonal component information of the light signal to be measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum measurement, in particular to a balanced homodyne detection technology for quantum measurement, and more particularly to a balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation. Background Art

[0002] Balanced homodyne detection technology has a wide range of application scenarios, such as classical optical communication, quantum communication, quantum measurement, and continuous variable quantum computing, and has important applications and research value. Balanced homodyne detection in quantum optics is an important optical measurement technology used to measure a certain orthogonal component information of the quantum state of a continuous variable (an infinite-dimensional quantum state represented by the number of photons). The device used to achieve balanced homodyne detection includes a light source to be measured, a phase modulator, a beam splitter, and a photodetector. The device is based on the interference between light beams, and it adjusts the phase difference between the reference light and the light to be measured by a phase modulator to achieve the measurement of different orthogonal components of the signal to be measured.

[0003] Most of the existing balanced homodyne detection technologies rely on phase modulators, which control other physical quantities through laser phase modulation to achieve the regulation of the light field, such as: electro-optic modulator, which changes the phase of the light passing through it by applying an electric field to change the refractive index of the medium. Common electro-optic modulators include devices based on crystals (such as lithium tantalum titanate), semiconductors (such as germanium) or liquid crystals; acousto-optic modulators, which use the influence of sound waves to change the phase of light. The acousto-optic modulator contains a medium for sound wave propagation. When sound waves are applied, the refractive index of the medium is changed, causing the phase of the light passing through it to change; fiber optic phase modulator, which uses the application of electric fields or strains in optical fibers to change the phase of light. By introducing electrodes or applying strains in the optical fiber, the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber is changed, thereby affecting the phase of the light.

[0004] Most of the existing balanced homodyne detection devices are balanced homodyne detection schemes based on phase modulation. Such balanced homodyne detection schemes have the following disadvantages: 1. Phase modulation requires precise control of the phase of the light field to achieve a specific modulation function. This requires precise control of the electric field, acoustic field or strain applied by the modulator to ensure the desired phase modulation effect; 2. The phase modulator has high requirements for the stability of environmental conditions (such as temperature, mechanical vibration, etc.). Environmental changes may cause changes in modulator performance, which in turn affects the performance and stability of the optical system; 3. Phase modulators usually require more complex design and manufacturing processes, as well as higher costs. For example, electro-optic modulators require high-performance electronic drivers and stable optical components, which increases the complexity and cost of the system; 4. Phase modulators may introduce nonlinear effects, such as phase noise or nonlinear distortion, which may affect the performance of the optical system and the accuracy of the measurement.

[0005] In summary, existing balanced homodyne detection devices often use phase modulation to change the observed quantity of balanced homodyne detection to obtain information of different orthogonal components. However, balanced homodyne detection devices based on phase modulation have the following difficulties: high requirements for the stability of the detection environment, such as magnetic field, temperature, mechanical vibration and other environmental changes may affect the accuracy of the detection results; balanced homodyne detection devices are complex and costly, and phase modulators usually require more complex design and manufacturing processes and higher costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a balanced homodyne detection device with simple structure, high stability and high detection result accuracy.

[0006] It should be noted that this background technology is only used to introduce the relevant information of the present invention to help understand the technical solution of the present invention, but it does not mean that the relevant information is necessarily the prior art. If there is no evidence that the relevant information has been disclosed before the application date of the present invention, the relevant information shall not be regarded as the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation.

[0008] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation is proposed, which is used to obtain information of a specified orthogonal component of an optical signal to be measured, and the balanced homodyne detection device includes: a local resonant light generation module, which is used to generate two local resonant light signals with fixed phases, wherein the intensity ratio of the two local resonant light signals is regulated based on the phase of the specified orthogonal component; a multimode interference module, which is used to receive the optical signal to be measured and the two local resonant light signals generated by the local resonant light generation module and regulate the interference process between the optical signal to be measured and the two resonant light signals based on a preset method, so as to generate three output states including a first output state, a second output state, and a third output state, and output the output state. The three output states or designated two output states among the three output states, wherein the local resonant light, the optical signal to be measured, the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are represented by their own corresponding optical mode annihilation operators and optical mode generation operators; a balanced homodyne detection module is used to detect the instantaneous light intensity of designated two output states among the multiple output states output by the multimode interference module and convert the two detected instantaneous light intensities into two voltage signals, and calculate the difference between the two voltage signals and obtain the information of the designated orthogonal components of the optical signal to be measured based on the pre-established correspondence between the voltage signal difference and the information of the orthogonal components of the optical signal to be measured.

[0010] Preferably, in the local resonance light generating module, the phase difference between the two local resonance light signals is .

[0011] Preferably, the intensity ratio of the two local resonant optical signals is regulated based on the phase of the specified orthogonal component in the following manner:

[0012]

[0013] Where k represents the intensity ratio of the two local resonant optical signals, Indicates the phase of the specified quadrature component.

[0014] Preferably, the preset method is configured as follows:

[0015] The optical mode annihilation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are obtained by the following method:

[0016]

[0017] in, , They represent the optical mode annihilation operators of the two local resonance lights generated by the local resonance generation module, represents the optical mode annihilation operator of the optical signal to be measured, , , represent the optical mode annihilation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state generated by the interference of the optical signal to be measured and the two local resonant optical signals, respectively, represents the preset unitary matrix;

[0018] The optical mode generation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are obtained by the following method:

[0019]

[0020] in, , They represent the optical mode generation operators of two local resonance lights generated by the local resonance generation module, represents the optical mode generation operator of the optical signal to be measured, , , represent the optical mode generation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state generated by the interference of the optical signal to be measured and the two local resonant optical signals, respectively, Represents the preset unitary matrix The conjugate matrix of .

[0021] Preferably, the preset unitary matrix is ​​configured as:

[0022]

[0023] in, Indicates the rotation angle of the X axis, Indicates the rotation angle of the Y axis, Indicates the rotation angle about the Z axis.

[0024] Preferably, the rotation angle of the X-axis is configured as , the rotation angle of the Y axis is configured as , the rotation angle of the Z axis is configured as .

[0025] Preferably, the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*3 or 3*2 multimode interferometer. When the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*3 multimode interferometer, the multimode interference module outputs a first output state, a second output state, and a third output state. When the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*2 multimode interferometer, the multimode interference module outputs a first output state and a second output state.

[0026] Preferably, the balanced homodyne detection module is configured to detect a first output state and a second output state output by the multimode interference module.

[0027] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which is stored any device as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0028] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, wherein the device is provided with any device as described in the first aspect of the present invention to acquire information of a specified orthogonal component of a light signal to be measured.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0030] The balanced zero-difference detection device based on intensity modulation proposed in the present invention uses intensity modulation to control the intensity ratio of two local resonant lights to obtain different orthogonal component information of the optical signal to be measured. Since intensity modulation has lower requirements on the stability of the detection environment than phase modulation and the equipment cost required to achieve intensity modulation is lower and the stability is higher, the balanced zero-difference detection device proposed in the present invention has a simple structure, high stability, high detection result accuracy, and is not easily affected by the detection environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0032] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 Flow chart of a balanced homodyne detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail by specific embodiments below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] As mentioned in the background technology section, existing balanced homodyne detection devices often use phase modulation to change the observed quantity of balanced homodyne detection to obtain information on different orthogonal components. However, balanced homodyne detection devices based on phase modulation have the following difficulties: high requirements on the stability of the detection environment. Environmental changes such as magnetic field, temperature, and mechanical vibration may affect the accuracy of the detection results; balanced homodyne detection devices are complex and costly, and phase modulators usually require more complex design and manufacturing processes and higher costs.

[0036] The present invention proposes a balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation, which uses intensity modulation to control the intensity ratio of two local resonant lights to obtain specified orthogonal component information of the optical signal to be measured. Compared with phase modulation, intensity modulation has lower requirements on the stability of the detection environment and the equipment cost required to achieve intensity modulation is lower and the stability is higher. Therefore, the balanced homodyne detection device proposed by the present invention has a simple structure, high stability, high detection result accuracy and is not easily affected by the detection environment.

[0037] In summary, the present invention proposes a balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the balanced homodyne detection device includes: a local resonant light generating module, which is used to generate two local resonant light signals with fixed phases, wherein the intensity ratio of the two local resonant light signals is regulated based on the phase of a specified orthogonal component; a multimode interference module, which is used to receive a light signal to be measured and two local resonant light signals generated by the local resonant light generating module and regulate the interference process between the light signal to be measured and the two resonant light signals based on a preset method to generate three output states including a first output state, a second output state, and a third output state and output the three output states or two specified output states among the three output states. state, wherein the local resonant light, the optical signal to be measured, the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are represented by their own corresponding optical mode annihilation operators and optical mode generation operators; a balanced homodyne detection module is used to detect the instantaneous light intensities of two specified output states among the multiple output states output by the multimode interference module and convert the two detected instantaneous light intensities into two voltage signals, and calculate the difference between the two voltage signals and obtain the information of the specified orthogonal components of the optical signal to be measured based on the pre-established correspondence between the voltage signal difference and the information of the orthogonal components of the optical signal to be measured.

[0038] In order to better understand the present invention, each module is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0039] 1. Local resonance light generation module

[0040] Local resonant light generally refers to a coherent light source used as a reference. Local resonant light is generally generated by a stable laser and is spatially and temporally coherent with the light field to be measured. It should be understood that the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention. The method for generating local resonant light is a well-known technology for those skilled in the art, and the method for generating local resonant light is not described in detail herein.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation proposed by the present invention, the phase difference between the two local resonance light signals generated by the local resonance light generating module is .

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the intensity ratio of the two local resonant light signals generated by the local resonant light generating module is regulated based on the phase of the specified orthogonal component. In the balanced homodyne detection device proposed in the present invention, information of different orthogonal components of the optical signal to be measured can be obtained by changing the intensity ratio of the two local resonant light signals, wherein the intensity ratio of the two local resonant light signals is regulated based on the phase of the specified orthogonal component in the following manner:

[0043]

[0044] Where k represents the intensity ratio of the two local resonant optical signals, Indicates the phase of the specified quadrature component.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the multi-mode interference module, the preset method is configured as follows:

[0046] The optical mode annihilation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are obtained by the following method:

[0047]

[0048] in, , They represent the optical mode annihilation operators of the two local resonance lights generated by the local resonance generation module, represents the optical mode annihilation operator of the optical signal to be measured, , , represent the optical mode annihilation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state generated by the interference of the optical signal to be measured and the two local resonant optical signals, respectively, represents the preset unitary matrix;

[0049] The optical mode generation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are obtained by the following method:

[0050]

[0051] in, , They represent the optical mode generation operators of two local resonance lights generated by the local resonance generation module, represents the optical mode generation operator of the optical signal to be measured, , , represent the optical mode generation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state generated by the interference of the optical signal to be measured and the two local resonant optical signals, respectively, Represents the preset unitary matrix The conjugate matrix of .

[0052] It should be understood that the local resonant light, the optical signal to be measured, and the output state described in the present invention are all quantum states. A quantum state is usually represented by an optical mode annihilation operator and an optical mode generation operator using the quantum state. The representation method of the quantum state is a well-known technology for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0053] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the preset unitary matrix is ​​configured as:

[0054]

[0055] in, Indicates the rotation angle of the X axis, which is configured as , Represents the rotation angle of the Y axis, which is configured as , Represents the rotation angle of the Z axis, which is configured as .

[0056] 2. Multimode interference module

[0057] A multi-mode interference module (i.e., a multi-mode interferometer) is a device that realizes signal processing based on the interference phenomenon of light waves in multi-mode optical fibers or waveguides. It is mainly used in optical communications, sensing, and other optical applications, and can realize functions such as the diversion, confluence, and wavelength multiplexing of optical signals. The basic principle of a multi-mode interferometer is to control the interference process of optical signals during propagation in a multi-mode optical fiber or waveguide to form a specific output state. By reasonably designing the structural parameters of the multi-mode interferometer, the interference process of optical signals during propagation can be controlled, thereby achieving a predetermined optical signal processing effect. It should be understood that the design of the structural parameters of a multi-mode interferometer is a well-known technology for those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*3 or 3*2 multimode interferometer. When the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*3 multimode interferometer, the multimode interference module outputs a first output state, a second output state, and a third output state. When the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*2 multimode interferometer, the multimode interference module outputs a first output state and a second output state.

[0059] 3. Balanced homodyne detection module

[0060] The balanced homodyne detection module is a specific homodyne detection technology that uses two photodetectors to improve the common mode rejection ratio of the system, thereby enhancing the system's response to differential signals and suppressing common mode noise. This module usually includes two photodiodes and a differential amplifier, which work together to improve the overall performance of the system, wherein the photodetector is used to detect the instantaneous light intensity of the quantum state and convert the detected instantaneous light intensity into a voltage signal output. It should be understood that the above description is only illustrative, and the balanced homodyne detection module is a well-known technology to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated on in detail here.

[0061] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the balanced homodyne detection module is configured as follows: regardless of whether the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*2 multimode interferometer or a 3*3 multimode interferometer, the balanced homodyne detection module only detects the first output state and the second output state of the multimode interference module output.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steps of using the above device to obtain the specified orthogonal information of the optical signal to be measured are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the illustrated steps include: step S1, obtaining the phase of the specified orthogonal component; step S2, adjusting the intensity ratio of the two local resonant lights based on the obtained phase; step S3, detecting the instantaneous light intensity of the first output state and the second output state formed after the interference of the multimode interferometer to obtain the voltage difference corresponding to the instantaneous light intensity difference; step S4, obtaining the orthogonal component information corresponding to the detected voltage difference based on the pre-established correspondence between the voltage signal difference and the information of the orthogonal component. It should be understood that establishing the correspondence between the voltage signal difference and the orthogonal component information of the optical signal to be measured is a well-known technology for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated in detail here. Compared with the existing balanced homodyne detection device implemented by phase modulation, the balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation proposed by the present invention has lower requirements on the stability of the detection environment, lower equipment cost and higher stability. Therefore, the balanced homodyne detection device proposed by the present invention has a simple structure, high stability, high accuracy of detection results and is not easily affected by the detection environment.

[0063] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the step of obtaining specified orthogonal information of an optical signal to be measured, different orthogonal component information of an optical signal to be measured is obtained, and it is necessary to obtain different orthogonal component information by adjusting the intensity ratio of two local resonant lights, wherein, when adjusting the intensity ratio of the two local resonant lights, the intensity of one local resonant light is fixed, and the intensity of the other local resonant light is adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the intensity ratio of the two local resonant lights.

[0064] In order to demonstrate the feasibility and beneficial effects of the present invention, the following describes, by way of reasoning, a process of acquiring information on designated orthogonal components of a light signal to be measured using the balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation proposed by the present invention.

[0065] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation, the angles of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis configurations are substituted into the unitary matrix The latter preset method can be expressed as:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the observed value of the light intensity difference between the first output state and the second output state can be obtained by the above formula:

[0069]

[0070] in, , They represent the optical mode annihilation operators of the two local resonance optical signals generated by the local resonance generation module, represents the optical mode annihilation operator of the optical signal to be measured, , , They represent the optical mode annihilation operators of the three output states generated by the interference of the optical signal to be measured and the two local resonant optical signals, The optical mode generation operator representing two locally resonant optical signals, represents the optical mode generation operator of the optical signal to be measured, A light mode generation operator representing three output states, wherein the generation operator is used to describe the process of adding a particle in a quantum system. In optics, the generation operator represents the generation of a photon. The annihilation operator is used to describe the process of reducing a particle in a quantum system. In optics, the annihilation operator represents the annihilation of a photon.

[0071] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the process in which the balanced homodyne detection module detects the instantaneous light intensities of the first output state and the second output state output by the multi-mode interference module and converts the two detected instantaneous light intensities into two voltage signals is the process of detecting the observed value of the light intensity difference between the first output state and the second output state and converting it into a voltage signal.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the two local resonant lights (ie, local resonant light 1 and local resonant light 2) input by the multi-mode interference module and the optical signal to be measured are expressed as:

[0073]

[0074] in, refers to the state of the local resonant light 1, which is a coherent state composed of the complex number The real and imaginary parts of the complex number represent the coherent state X and P quadrature values, respectively. refers to the state of local resonance 2, k represents the intensity ratio of local resonance light 1 to local resonance light 2, It refers to the quantum state corresponding to the light signal to be measured, which is an unknown quantum state.

[0075] Since the state of the local resonant light is a coherent state, the eigenstate of the annihilation operator of the coherent state is the same as the coherent state and satisfies the relationship: , where the eigenvalue is , refers to the optical mode annihilation operator of the local resonant light 1 (that is, the first incident port of the multimode interferometer), is the light mode annihilation operator of the local resonant light 2 (that is, the second incident port of the multimode interferometer), so the observed value of the light intensity difference between the first output state and the second output state ( ) is equivalent to detecting the quantum state The following observations of the optical signal to be measured:

[0076]

[0077] in, represents the identity matrix, Express and The observed quantity can be simplified as ,in, , due to the coefficient of the observed quantity in the balanced homodyne detection is meaningless, so the above measurement is equivalent to / k measurement, based on the observed Phase with quadrature components relation , we can get The corresponding relationship with k. Among them, The corresponding orthogonal component observations are , which is the X component, The corresponding orthogonal component observations are , that is By adjusting the intensity ratio k of the two local resonant lights, the orthogonal component information corresponding to the observed quantity can be obtained by controlling the detected observed quantity.

[0078] It can be seen from the above embodiments that in a balanced zero-difference detection device based on intensity modulation proposed in the present invention, the intensity of the local resonant light is adjusted based on the phase corresponding to the specified orthogonal component to control the output state of the multimode interference module output, and the balanced zero-difference detection module detects the output state of the output to obtain the specified orthogonal component information. In this process, changing the intensity of the local resonant light changes the output state of the multimode interference module output, thereby changing the observed value detected in the balanced zero-difference detection module. Since different orthogonal component information corresponds to different observed values, the present invention controls the function of the balanced zero-difference detection device to detect the specified orthogonal component information through intensity modulation. Compared with the traditional balanced zero-difference detection device, the balanced zero-difference detection device proposed in the present invention has a simple structure, high stability, high detection result accuracy, and is not easily affected by the detection environment.

[0079] It should be noted that although the above describes the various steps in a specific order, it does not mean that the various steps must be executed in the above specific order. In fact, some of these steps can be executed concurrently or even in a different order as long as the required functions can be achieved.

[0080] The present invention may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present invention.

[0081] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that holds and stores instructions used by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media may include, for example, but are not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a protruding structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination thereof.

[0082] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or technical improvements in the market, or to enable other persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A balanced homodyne detection device based on intensity modulation, characterized in that: The balanced homodyne detection device comprises: A local resonant light generating module is used to generate two local resonant light signals with fixed phases, and to adjust the intensity ratio of the two local resonant light signals based on the phase of a specified orthogonal component, wherein the intensity ratio of the two local resonant light signals is determined based on the phase of the specified orthogonal component in the following manner: Where k represents the intensity ratio of the two local resonant optical signals, Indicates the phase of the specified quadrature component; A multimode interference module, used for receiving an optical signal to be measured and two local resonant optical signals generated by a local resonant light generating module, and regulating the interference process between the optical signal to be measured and the two resonant optical signals based on a preset method to generate three output states including a first output state, a second output state, and a third output state, and outputting the three output states or two specified output states of the three output states, wherein the local resonant light, the optical signal to be measured, the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are represented by their own corresponding optical mode annihilation operators and optical mode generation operators, wherein the preset method is configured as follows: The optical mode annihilation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are obtained by the following method: in, , They represent the optical mode annihilation operators of the two local resonance lights generated by the local resonance generation module, represents the optical mode annihilation operator of the optical signal to be measured, , , represent the optical mode annihilation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state generated by the interference of the optical signal to be measured and the two local resonant optical signals, respectively, represents the preset unitary matrix; The optical mode generation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state are obtained by the following method: in, , They represent the optical mode generation operators of two local resonance lights generated by the local resonance generation module, represents the optical mode generation operator of the optical signal to be measured, , , represent the optical mode generation operators of the first output state, the second output state, and the third output state generated by the interference of the optical signal to be measured and the two local resonant optical signals, respectively, Represents the preset unitary matrix The conjugate matrix of ; A balanced homodyne detection module is used to detect the instantaneous light intensities of two specified output states among the multiple output states output by the multimode interference module and convert the two detected instantaneous light intensities into two voltage signals, and calculate the difference between the two voltage signals and obtain the information of the specified orthogonal components of the optical signal to be measured based on the pre-established correspondence between the voltage signal difference and the information of the orthogonal components of the optical signal to be measured.

2. The balanced homodyne detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the local resonance light generating module, the phase difference between the two local resonance light signals is .

3. The balanced homodyne detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset unitary matrix is ​​configured as: in, Indicates the rotation angle of the X axis, Indicates the rotation angle of the Y axis, Indicates the rotation angle about the Z axis.

4. The balanced homodyne detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The X-axis rotation angle is configured as , the rotation angle of the Y axis is configured as , the rotation angle of the Z axis is configured as .

5. The balanced homodyne detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multimode interference module is configured as a 3*3 or 3*2 multimode interferometer. When the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*3 multimode interferometer, the multimode interference module outputs a first output state, a second output state, and a third output state. When the multimode interference module is configured as a 3*2 multimode interferometer, the multimode interference module outputs a first output state and a second output state.

6. The balanced homodyne detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The balanced homodyne detection module is configured to detect a first output state and a second output state output by the multi-mode interference module.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is stored thereon.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device is provided with an apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 to obtain information of a specified orthogonal component of the optical signal to be measured.

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