Antenna, antenna array and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna, an antenna array and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The antenna disclosed by the invention comprises a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit, the first antenna unit comprises a first phase adjustment structure and a first radiation structure, and the second antenna unit comprises a second phase adjustment structure and a second radiation structure; wherein the first feed end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected with the first radiation structure, and the first feed end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected with the second radiation structure; the feed direction of the first feed end of the first phase adjustment structure to the first radiation structure is a first direction, the feed direction of the first feed end of the second phase adjustment structure to the second radiation structure is a second direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction.

Description

Antennas, antenna arrays and electronic equipment Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, and particularly relates to an antenna, an antenna array, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of the antenna, the phase shifter can be regarded as a delay line. If an adjustable dielectric material is used instead of the traditional solid substrate, a phase-variable phase shifter can be obtained. Liquid crystal is used as a tunable dielectric material here. The liquid crystal phase shifter is a phase-variable phase shifter. By applying voltage to the upper and lower substrates of the liquid crystal phase shifter to form an overlapping capacitor, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal material is changed, which changes the phase constant of the electromagnetic wave on the device, ultimately achieving the effect of adjusting the phase shift amount, thereby realizing the wave number scanning function of the antenna device. Currently, common liquid crystal antennas are only single-polarized, while the design of dual-polarized antennas is very complex, and the layout of the phase shifter unit and the wiring must be considered. Therefore, providing a simple and easy-to-implement dual-polarized antenna is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an antenna, an antenna array and an electronic device.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna comprising a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit; the first antenna unit comprises a first phase adjustment structure and a first radiating structure, and the second antenna unit comprises a second phase adjustment structure and a second radiating structure; wherein a first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiating structure, and a first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiating structure;

[0006] The first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure feeds the first radiating structure in a first direction, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure feeds the second radiating structure in a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are different.

[0007] Among them, after the first antenna unit rotates a preset angle and then flips 180°, the first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure coincides with the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure, and the first radiation structure coincides with the second radiation structure.

[0008] The antenna further comprises a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate arranged opposite to each other, and the first phase adjustment structure and the second phase adjustment structure are arranged between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate;

[0009] The orthographic projections of the first radiating structure and the second radiating structure on the first dielectric substrate are a first pattern and a second pattern, respectively; at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the first phase adjustment structure on the first dielectric substrate is located between the first pattern and the second pattern; or, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the second phase adjustment structure on the first dielectric substrate is located between the first pattern and the second pattern.

[0010] The antenna further includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate arranged opposite to each other; the first phase adjustment structure includes a first electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a second electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and a first adjustable dielectric layer located between the first and second electrodes; the second phase adjustment structure includes a third electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a fourth electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and a second adjustable dielectric layer located between the third and fourth electrodes.

[0011] Wherein, the said further comprises a third dielectric substrate, a first reference electrode layer and a second reference electrode layer;

[0012] The third dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate facing away from the first dielectric substrate;

[0013] The first reference electrode layer is disposed between the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the first reference electrode layer has a first opening and a second opening, the first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiating structure through the first opening, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiating structure through the second opening;

[0014] The second reference electrode layer is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate facing away from the second dielectric substrate.

[0015] Wherein, the first radiation structure and the second radiation structure each include a first radiation portion and a second radiation portion; the antenna further includes a third dielectric substrate, a first reference electrode layer and a second reference electrode layer;

[0016] The third dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate facing away from the first dielectric substrate;

[0017] The first reference electrode layer is disposed between the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the first reference electrode layer has a first opening and a second opening, the first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiating portion of the first radiating structure through the first opening, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiating portion of the second radiating structure through the second opening;

[0018] The second reference electrode layer is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate facing away from the second dielectric substrate, and the second reference electrode layer has a third opening and a fourth opening. The second feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiating portion of the first radiating structure through the third opening, and the second feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiating portion of the second radiating structure through the fourth opening.

[0019] Wherein, the antenna further includes a third dielectric substrate, a fourth dielectric substrate, a first reference electrode layer, a second reference electrode layer, a first feed source and a second feed source;

[0020] The third dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate facing away from the first dielectric substrate;

[0021] The first reference electrode layer is disposed between the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the first reference electrode layer has a first opening and a second opening, the first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiating structure through the first opening, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiating structure through the second opening;

[0022] The second reference electrode layer is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate facing away from the second dielectric substrate, and the second reference electrode layer has a third opening and a fourth opening;

[0023] The fourth dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the second reference electrode layer facing away from the first dielectric substrate;

[0024] The first feed source and the second feed source are arranged on a side of the fourth dielectric substrate away from the second reference electrode layer, and the first feed source is electrically connected to the second feed end of the first phase adjustment structure through the third opening, and the second feed source is electrically connected to the second feed end of the second phase adjustment structure through the fourth opening.

[0025] The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna array, which includes multiple antennas as described in any one of the above items.

[0027] The plurality of antennas are divided into a plurality of first antenna groups arranged side by side along a third direction, and a plurality of second antenna groups arranged side by side along a fourth direction, the antennas in the first antenna groups are arranged side by side along the fourth direction, and the antennas in the second antenna groups are arranged side by side along the third direction;

[0028] The spacing between the first radiation structures in the antennas adjacently arranged in the third direction is a first distance, the spacing between the second radiation structures is a second distance, and the first distance is equal to the second distance; and / or,

[0029] The spacing between the first radiation structures in the antennas adjacently arranged in the fourth direction is a third distance, the spacing between the second radiation structures is a fourth distance, and the third distance is equal to the fourth distance.

[0030] The plurality of antenna units are divided into a plurality of first antenna groups arranged side by side along the third direction, the antennas in the first antenna groups are arranged side by side along the fourth direction; and the adjacent first antenna groups are staggered.

[0031] For the two antennas in the adjacent first antenna group with the same arrangement order, the distance between the two first radiation structures is the fifth distance, the distance between the two second radiation structures is the sixth distance, and the fifth distance is equal to the sixth distance.

[0032] The antenna includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate arranged opposite to each other; the first phase adjustment structure includes a first electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a second electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and a first adjustable dielectric layer located between the first and second electrodes; the second phase adjustment structure includes a third electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a fourth electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, a fourth bias voltage line electrically connected to the fourth electrode, and a second adjustable dielectric layer located between the third and fourth electrodes;

[0033] The plurality of antenna units are divided into a plurality of first antenna groups arranged side by side along the third direction, and the antennas in the first antenna groups are arranged side by side along the fourth direction;

[0034] The first electrodes in each of the first antenna units in the first antenna group are electrically connected to a same first bias voltage line, and the third electrodes in each of the second antenna units are respectively connected to independent third bias voltage lines;

[0035] The second electrodes in each of the first antenna units in the first antenna group are electrically connected to independent second bias voltage lines, and the fourth electrodes in each of the second antenna units are connected to the same fourth bias voltage line.

[0036] The antenna includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate arranged opposite to each other; the first phase adjustment structure includes a first electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a second electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and a first adjustable dielectric layer located between the first and second electrodes; the second phase adjustment structure includes a third electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a fourth electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, a fourth bias voltage line electrically connected to the fourth electrode, and a second adjustable dielectric layer located between the third and fourth electrodes;

[0037] The plurality of antenna units are divided into a plurality of second antenna groups arranged side by side along a fourth direction, and the antennas in the second antenna groups are arranged side by side along the third direction;

[0038] The first electrodes in the first antenna units in the second antenna group are electrically connected to the same first bias voltage line, and the third electrodes in the second antenna units are respectively connected to independent third bias voltage lines;

[0039] The second electrodes in each of the first antenna units in the second antenna group are electrically connected to independent second bias voltage lines, and the fourth electrodes in each of the second antenna units are connected to the same fourth bias voltage line.

[0040] Among them, the second bias voltage lines electrically connected to the second electrodes in the second antenna group and the third bias voltage lines of the third electrodes are respectively located on two opposite sides of the second antenna group in the fourth direction, and the trajectory of the second bias voltage lines matches the outer contour of each second radiation structure, and the trajectory of the third bias voltage lines matches the outer contour of each first radiation structure.

[0041] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device comprising the antenna array described in any one of the above items. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] FIG1 is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present disclosure in which the antenna is a reflective antenna.

[0044] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present disclosure in which the antenna is a transmission antenna.

[0045] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present disclosure in which the antenna is a phased array antenna.

[0046] FIG5 is a top view of the first radiation structure / second radiation structure of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] FIG6 is a polarization diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] FIG7 is another polarization schematic diagram of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another polarization of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the first radiation structure and the first phase shifting unit of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] FIG10 is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] FIG11 is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array according to a first example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array of a second example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the antenna array wiring of the first example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a second example of antenna array wiring according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a third example of antenna array wiring according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0059] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "an" or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0060] In the first aspect, FIG1 is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG1 , an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a dual-polarized antenna with different apertures, comprising a first antenna unit 1 and a second antenna unit 2. The first antenna unit 1 comprises a first phase adjustment structure 11 and a first radiating structure 12, while the second antenna unit 2 comprises a second phase adjustment structure and a second radiating structure 22. The first feeding port 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 is electrically connected to the first radiating portion and feeds the first radiating structure 12; the first feeding port 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 is electrically connected to the second radiating structure 22 and feeds the second radiating structure 22. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first feeding port 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 feeds the first radiating structure 12 in a first direction, while the first feeding port 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 feeds the second radiating structure 22 in a second direction. The first and second directions are different. In other words, the first antenna unit 1 in the antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure implements one polarization direction, while the second antenna unit 2 implements another polarization direction, thereby achieving dual polarization.

[0061] The antenna in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be any one of a reflective antenna, a transmissive antenna, and a phased array antenna, which will be described in detail below.

[0062] First Example: Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure as a reflective antenna. As shown in Figure 2, when the antenna is a reflective antenna, it includes not only the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 described above, but also a first dielectric substrate 10, a second dielectric substrate 20, a first reference electrode layer 50, and a second reference electrode layer 60. The first phase adjustment structure 11 and the second phase adjustment structure 21 are integrated between the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20. The first reference electrode layer 50 has a first opening 501 and a second opening 502. The first reference electrode is disposed on the side of the second dielectric substrate 20 facing away from the first dielectric substrate 10. The first feed end 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 is electrically connected to the first radiating structure 12 through the first opening 501, and the second phase adjustment structure 21 is electrically connected to the second radiating structure 22 through the second opening 502. The second reference electrode is disposed on the side of the second dielectric substrate 20 facing away from the first dielectric layer, serving as a reflective layer.

[0063] In this case, after receiving the electromagnetic wave, the first radiating structure 12 in the first antenna unit 1 transmits the electromagnetic wave to the first feeding port 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 through the first opening 501 on the first reference electrode layer 50. The first phase adjustment structure 11 then performs phase shift modulation on the electromagnetic wave and transmits it to the reflective layer. The reflective layer reflects the electromagnetic wave to the first radiating structure 12. The first radiating structure 12 then radiates the electromagnetic wave that has been phase-shifted and modulated by the first phase adjustment structure 11. Similarly, after receiving the electromagnetic wave, the second radiating structure 22 in the second antenna unit 2 transmits the electromagnetic wave to the first feeding port 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 through the second opening 502 on the first reference electrode layer. The second phase adjustment structure 21 then performs phase shift modulation on the electromagnetic wave and transmits it to the reflective layer. The reflective layer reflects the electromagnetic wave to the second radiating structure 22. The second radiating structure 22 then radiates the electromagnetic wave that has been phase-shifted and modulated by the second phase adjustment structure 21.

[0064] Furthermore, the reflective antenna may also include a third dielectric substrate 30 and a fourth dielectric substrate 40. The third dielectric substrate 30 is disposed on a side of the first reference electrode layer 50 facing away from the second dielectric substrate 20, and the fourth dielectric substrate 40 is disposed on a side of the second reference electrode layer 60 facing away from the first dielectric substrate 10. In this case, the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating structure 22 may be disposed on the third dielectric substrate 30, for example, on a side of the third dielectric substrate 30 facing away from the second dielectric substrate 20. The second reference electrode layer 60 may be formed on the fourth dielectric substrate 40 and then bonded to the first dielectric substrate 10.

[0065] Second example: Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is a transmission antenna. As shown in Figure 3, the transmission antenna includes not only a first antenna element 1 and a second antenna element 2, but also a first reference electrode layer 50, a second reference electrode layer 60, a first dielectric substrate 10, a second dielectric substrate 20, a third dielectric substrate 30, and a fourth dielectric substrate 40. In this antenna, the first radiating structure 12 in the first antenna element 1 and the second radiating structure 22 in the second antenna element 2 can each include a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion, and the second radiating portion in the second antenna element 2 can include a third radiating portion and a fourth radiating portion. The first phase adjustment structure 11 and the second phase adjustment structure 21 are integrated between the first dielectric substrate 10 and the second dielectric substrate 20. The first reference electrode layer 50 is disposed on the side of the second dielectric substrate 20 facing away from the first dielectric substrate 10 and has a first opening 501 and a second opening 502. The third dielectric substrate 30 is disposed on the side of the first reference electrode layer 50 facing away from the second dielectric substrate 20. The first radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 are disposed on the side of the third dielectric substrate 30 facing away from the first reference electrode layer 50. The second reference electrode layer 60 is disposed on the side of the first dielectric substrate 10 facing away from the second dielectric substrate 20 and has a third opening 601 and a fourth opening 602. The fourth dielectric substrate 40 is disposed on the side of the second reference electrode layer 60 facing away from the first dielectric substrate 10. The second radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 are both disposed on the side of the fourth dielectric substrate 40 facing away from the second reference electrode layer 60. The first feeding port 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 is electrically connected to the first radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 through the first opening 501, while the second feeding port 113 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 is electrically connected to the second radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 through the third opening 601. The first feeding port 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 is electrically connected to the first radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 through the second opening 502 , and the second feeding port 213 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 is electrically connected to the second radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 through the fourth opening 602 .

[0066] In this case, one of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 in the first antenna unit 1 is used to receive electromagnetic waves, and the other is used to radiate electromagnetic waves. Similarly, one of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 in the second antenna unit 2 is used to receive electromagnetic waves, and the other is used to radiate electromagnetic waves. Take the example where the first radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 and the first radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 are used to radiate electromagnetic waves, and the second radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 are used to receive electromagnetic waves. The second radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 in the first antenna unit 1 transmits the received electromagnetic wave through the third opening 601 to the second feeding port 113 of the first phase adjustment structure 11. The first phase adjustment structure 11 performs phase shift modulation on the electromagnetic wave and transmits it through its first feeding port through the first opening 501 to the first radiating portion of the first radiating structure 12 to radiate the electromagnetic wave. Similarly, the second radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 in the antenna unit shown in the figure transmits the received electromagnetic waves to the second feeding port 213 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 through the fourth opening 602. The second phase adjustment structure 21 performs phase shift modulation on the electromagnetic waves and transmits them through its first feeding port and the second opening 502 to the first radiating portion of the second radiating structure 22 to radiate the electromagnetic waves.

[0067] Third Example: Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is a phased array antenna. As shown in Figure 4 , the antenna is a transmission antenna, comprising not only a first antenna element 1 and a second antenna element 2, but also a first reference electrode layer 50, a second reference electrode layer 60, a first feed source 13, a second feed source 23, a first dielectric substrate 10, a second dielectric substrate 20, a third dielectric substrate 30, and a fourth dielectric substrate 40. The first phase adjustment structure 11 and the second phase adjustment structure 21 are integrated between the first dielectric substrate 10. The first reference electrode layer 50 is disposed on a side of the second dielectric substrate 20 facing away from the first dielectric substrate 10 and has a first opening 501 and a second opening 502. The third dielectric substrate 30 is disposed on a side of the first reference electrode layer 50 facing away from the second dielectric substrate 20. The first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating structure 22 are disposed on a side of the third dielectric substrate 30 facing away from the first reference electrode layer 50. The second reference electrode layer 60 is disposed on the side of the first dielectric substrate 10 facing away from the second dielectric substrate 20. The second reference electrode layer 60 has a third opening 601 and a fourth opening 602. The fourth dielectric substrate 40 is disposed on the side of the second reference electrode layer 60 facing away from the first dielectric substrate 10. The first feed 13 and the second feed 23 are both disposed on the side of the fourth dielectric substrate 40 facing away from the second reference electrode layer 60. The first feeding port 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 is electrically connected to the first radiating structure 12 through the first opening 501, and the second feeding port 113 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 is electrically connected to the first feed 13 through the third opening 601. The first feeding port 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 is electrically connected to the second radiating structure 22 through the second opening 502, and the second feeding port 213 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 is electrically connected to the second feed 23 through the fourth opening 602.

[0068] In this case, the first feed source 13 feeds electromagnetic waves into the second feeding port 113 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 of the first antenna unit 1 through the third opening 601. After the electromagnetic waves are phase-shifted and modulated by the first phase adjustment structure 11, they are transmitted through the first feeding port thereof through the first opening 501 to the first radiating structure 12. The phase-shifted and modulated electromagnetic waves are radiated by the first radiating structure 12. Similarly, the second feed source 23 feeds electromagnetic waves into the second feeding port 213 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 of the second antenna unit 2 through the fourth opening 602. After the electromagnetic waves are phase-shifted and modulated by the second phase adjustment structure 21, they are transmitted through the first feeding port thereof through the second opening 502 to the second radiating structure 22. The phase-shifted and modulated electromagnetic waves are radiated by the second radiating structure 22.

[0069] In some examples, the first phase adjustment structure 11 and the second phase adjustment structure 21 in the embodiments of the present disclosure may both be phase shifters, such as liquid crystal phase shifters. Specifically, the first phase adjustment structure 11 may include a first transmission unit, a second transmission unit, and a first phase shifter 111 connected between the first and second transmission units. The second phase adjustment structure 21 may include a third transmission unit, a fourth transmission unit, and a second phase shifter 211 connected between the third and fourth transmission units.

[0070] The first phase shifter 111 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 includes a first electrode 1111, a second electrode 1112, and a first tunable dielectric layer 1113. The first electrode 1111 is disposed on a side of the first dielectric substrate 10 close to the second dielectric substrate 20, the second electrode 1112 is disposed on a side of the second dielectric substrate 20 close to the first dielectric substrate 10, and the first tunable dielectric layer 1113 is disposed between the first electrode 1111 and the second electrode 1112. The second phase shifter 211 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 includes a third electrode 2111, a fourth electrode 2112, and a second tunable dielectric layer 2113. The third electrode 2111 is disposed on a side of the first dielectric substrate 10 close to the second dielectric substrate 20, the fourth electrode 2112 is disposed on a side of the second dielectric substrate 20 close to the first dielectric substrate 10, and the second tunable dielectric layer 2113 is disposed between the third electrode 2111 and the fourth electrode 2112. When the first phase adjustment structure 11 and the second phase adjustment structure 21 are liquid crystal phase shifters, the first adjustable dielectric layer 1113 and the second adjustable dielectric layer 2113 are both liquid crystal layers. In this case, the first adjustable dielectric layer 1113 and the second adjustable dielectric layer 2113 can be an integrated structure.

[0071] For example, the first electrode 1111 layer in the first phase shifter 111 includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line arranged side by side, and the second electrode 1112 layer includes a plurality of first patch electrodes arranged side by side along the extension direction of the first transmission line / second transmission line. Both the first transmission unit and the second transmission unit can utilize a one-to-two power splitter, for example, the first transmission unit and the second transmission unit utilize a balun. In this case, the main line of the first transmission unit serves as the first feed end 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11, with the two branches connected to the first transmission line and the second transmission line, respectively. The main line of the second transmission line serves as the second feed end of the first phase adjustment structure 11, with the two branches connected to the first transmission line and the second transmission line, respectively. Similarly, the third electrode 2111 layer in the second phase shifter 211 can also include a first transmission line and a first transmission line arranged side by side, and the second electrode 1112 layer includes a plurality of first patch electrodes arranged side by side along the extension direction of the first transmission line / second transmission line, as an example. The third transmission unit and the fourth transmission unit can both use a one-to-two power splitter, for example, a balun. In this case, the main line of the third transmission unit serves as the first feed end 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21, and the two branches are connected to the first transmission line and the second transmission line, respectively. The main line of the second transmission line serves as the second feed end of the second phase adjustment structure 21, and the two branches are connected to the first transmission line and the second transmission line, respectively.

[0072] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the membrane structure of the first antenna unit 1 and the second antenna unit 2 can be the same, which facilitates preparation and arrangement.

[0073] Furthermore, the first electrode 1111 in the first phase adjustment structure 11 is biased by a first bias voltage line 114, and the second electrode 1112 is biased by a second bias voltage line 115. The first bias voltage line 114 can be disposed on a side of the first electrode 1111 that is close to the first dielectric substrate 10 and directly connected to the first electrode 1111. The second bias voltage line 115 can be disposed on a side of the second electrode 1112 that is close to the second dielectric substrate 20. Of course, a first insulating layer 70 is also disposed on a side of the layer containing the first electrode 1111 and the third electrode 2111 that is close to the liquid crystal layer, and a second insulating layer 80 is also disposed on a side of the layer containing the second electrode 1112 and the fourth electrode 2112 that is close to the liquid crystal layer.

[0074] In some examples, Figure 5 is a top view of the first radiating structure 12 / second radiating structure 22 of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 5, both the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating structure 22 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as radiating patches, stand-alone sub-antennas, or the like. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating structure 22 are both implemented as radiating patches. These radiating patches can be in various shapes, such as square, diamond, butterfly, hexagonal, circular, or ring, to provide polarization with different properties and performance. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the square shape of the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating structure 22 is used as an example.

[0075] Furthermore, the length and width of the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating structure 22 are both 0.1λ to 1λ, where λ is the wavelength of the operating frequency. The first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating structure 22 can be single-layer conductive structures or composite film structures. For example, the first radiating structure 12 and the second radiating structure 22 are both formed by stacking a substrate and a conductive film layer.

[0076] In some examples, FIG6 is a polarization diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG7 is another polarization diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG8 is yet another polarization diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in FIG6-8, if the outline of the antenna is a quadrilateral, the first radiation structure 12 and the second radiation structure 22 can be respectively set at two diagonal positions. At this time, one of them can be obtained by rotating and folding the other. Referring to FIG1, for example: after the first antenna unit 1 is rotated by a preset angle and then flipped 180°, the first feeding end 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 in the first antenna unit 1 coincides with the first feeding end 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 in the second antenna unit 2, and the first radiation portion in the first antenna unit 1 coincides with the second radiation portion in the second antenna unit 2. Specifically, taking the first direction and the second direction as an example where they are perpendicular to each other, referring to Figure 1, at this time, the first antenna unit 1 is rotated 90° counterclockwise and then flipped 180°. The first feeding end 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 in the first antenna unit 1 coincides with the first feeding end 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 in the second antenna unit 2, and the first radiating portion in the first antenna unit 1 coincides with the second radiating portion in the second antenna unit 2.

[0077] In some examples, FIG9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relative positions of the first radiating structure 12 and the first phase shifter 111 of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG9 , the first phase shifter 111 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 in the first antenna unit 1 can be positioned parallel to, perpendicular to, obliquely to, or bent relative to the first radiating structure 12 to achieve electrical connection between the first feeding end 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 and the first radiating structure 12. Similarly, the second phase shifter 211 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 in the second antenna unit 2 can be positioned parallel to, perpendicular to, obliquely to, or bent relative to the second radiating structure 22 to achieve electrical connection between the first feeding end 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 and the second radiating structure 22.

[0078] Furthermore, the relative positions of the first radiating structure 12 and the first phase shifter 111 of the first antenna element 1 in the antenna can be the same as the relative positions of the second radiating structure 22 and the second phase shifter 211 of the second antenna element 2. For example, referring to FIG1 , the first radiating structure 12 and the first phase shifter 111 of the first antenna element 1 are arranged relatively parallel to each other, and the second radiating structure 22 and the second phase shifter 211 of the second antenna element 2 are also arranged relatively parallel to each other. For another example, FIG10 is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG10 , the first radiating structure 12 and the first phase shifter 111 of the first antenna element 1 are arranged relatively tilted to each other, and the second radiating structure 22 and the second phase shifter 211 of the second antenna element 2 are also arranged relatively tilted to each other. The relative positions of the first radiating structure 12 and the first phase shifter 111 of the first antenna element 1 in the antenna can also be different from the relative positions of the second radiating structure 22 and the second phase shifter 211 of the second antenna element 2. For example, FIG11 is a top view of another antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in FIG11 , the first radiation structure 12 and the first phase shifter 111 of the first antenna unit 1 are relatively parallel, and the second radiation structure 22 and the second phase shifter 211 of the second antenna unit 2 are also relatively tilted.

[0079] In some examples, the antenna includes not only the aforementioned structure but also first and second dielectric substrates 10, 20, disposed opposite each other. The first and second phase adjustment structures 11, 21 are disposed between the first and second dielectric substrates 10, 20. The orthographic projections of the first and second radiating structures 12, 22 on the first dielectric substrate 10 are a first pattern and a second pattern, respectively. At least a portion of the orthographic projection of the first phase adjustment structure 11 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is located between the first and second patterns. Alternatively, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the second phase adjustment structure 21 on the first dielectric substrate 10 is located between the first and second patterns. This facilitates antenna miniaturization.

[0080] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna array, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned antenna units. The antenna array in the embodiment of the present disclosure is described below in conjunction with a specific arrangement of the antennas of the antenna array.

[0081] In the following examples, after the first antenna unit 1 is rotated by a preset angle and then flipped 180°, the first feeding end 112 of the first phase adjustment structure 11 in the first antenna unit 1 coincides with the first feeding end 212 of the second phase adjustment structure 21 in the second antenna unit 2, the first radiating portion in the first antenna unit 1 coincides with the second radiating portion in the second antenna unit 2, the first radiating structure 12 and the first phase shifting unit 111 of the first antenna unit 1 are arranged relatively parallel, and the second radiating structure 22 and the second phase shifting unit 211 in the second antenna unit 2 are also arranged relatively parallel.

[0082] First Example: Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array according to the first example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 12, multiple antennas are divided into multiple first antenna groups 100 arranged side by side along a third direction, and multiple second antenna groups 200 arranged side by side along a fourth direction. The antennas in the first antenna group 100 are arranged side by side along the fourth direction, and the antennas in the second antenna group 200 are arranged side by side along the third direction. The spacing between the first radiating structures 12 in adjacent antennas arranged in the third direction is a first distance d1, and the spacing between the second radiating structures 22 is a second distance d2, with the first distance d1 being equal to the second distance d2. Alternatively, the spacing between the first radiating structures 12 in adjacent antennas arranged in the fourth direction is a third distance d3, and the spacing between the second radiating structures 22 is a fourth distance d4, with the third distance d3 being equal to the fourth distance d4. This arrangement allows for a compact antenna arrangement, facilitating miniaturization of the antenna array.

[0083] Second Example: Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array according to a second example of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3 , multiple antenna elements are divided into multiple first antenna groups 100 arranged side by side along a third direction. The antennas in the first antenna groups 100 are arranged side by side along a fourth direction. Adjacent first antenna groups 100 are staggered. For two antennas arranged in the same order in adjacent first antenna groups 100, the spacing between the two first radiating structures 12 is the fifth distance d5, the spacing between the two second radiating structures 22 is the sixth distance d6, and the fifth distance d5 is equal to the sixth distance d6. This arrangement allows for a compact antenna arrangement, facilitating miniaturization of the antenna array.

[0084] In some examples, the first bias voltage line 114 connected to the first electrode 1111 of each first antenna element 1 in the antenna array and the third bias voltage line 214 connected to the third electrode 2111 of the second antenna element 2 can be arranged in the same layer or in layers. Similarly, the second bias voltage line 115 connected to the second electrode 1112 of each first antenna element 1 in the antenna array and the fourth bias voltage line 215 connected to the fourth electrode 2112 of the second antenna element 2 can be arranged in the same layer or in layers.

[0085] When the first bias voltage line 114 connected to the first electrode 1111 of each first antenna unit 1 in the antenna array and the third bias voltage line 214 connected to the third electrode 2111 of the second antenna unit 2 can be arranged on the same layer, and the second bias voltage line 115 connected to the second electrode 1112 of each first antenna unit 1 in the antenna array and the fourth bias voltage line 215 connected to the fourth electrode 2112 of the second antenna unit 2 can be arranged on the same layer, in order to reduce the wiring in the antenna array, the following wiring method can be specifically used. In the following wiring example, only the arrangement method shown in Figure 12 is used as an example for each antenna in the antenna array.

[0086] First example: Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the antenna array wiring of the first example of an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Figure 14, the first electrode 1111 in each first antenna unit 1 in the first antenna group 100 is electrically connected to the same first bias voltage line 114, and the third electrode 2111 in each second antenna unit 2 is respectively connected to an independent third bias voltage line 214; the second electrode 1112 in each first antenna unit 1 in the first antenna group 100 is electrically connected to an independent second bias voltage line 115, and the fourth electrode 2112 in each second antenna unit 2 is connected to the same fourth bias voltage line 215.

[0087] Second example: Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the antenna array wiring of the second example of an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Figure 15, the first electrode 1111 in each first antenna unit 1 in the second antenna group 200 is electrically connected to the same first bias voltage line 114, and the third electrode 2111 in each second antenna unit 2 is respectively connected to an independent third bias voltage line 214; the second electrode 1112 in each first antenna unit 1 in the second antenna group 200 is electrically connected to an independent second bias voltage line 115, and the fourth electrode 2112 in each second antenna unit 2 is connected to the same fourth bias voltage line 215.

[0088] Third Example: Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the antenna array wiring of the third example of the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 16, this example is substantially the same as the second example, with the only difference being that the second bias voltage lines 115 electrically connected to the second electrodes 1112 and the third bias voltage lines 214 electrically connected to the third electrodes 2111 in the second antenna group 200 are located on opposite sides of the second antenna group 200 in the fourth direction. The second bias voltage lines 115 are oriented to match the outer contours of the second radiating structures 22, while the third bias voltage lines 214 are oriented to match the outer contours of the first radiating structures 12. In other words, both the second bias voltage lines 115 and the third bias voltage lines 214 are zigzag lines.

[0089] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device comprising the above-mentioned antenna array.

[0090] The antenna array provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the antenna array can be used as a transmitting antenna or as a receiving antenna. Among them, the transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides a signal of at least one frequency band, such as a 2G signal, a 3G signal, a 4G signal, a 5G signal, etc., and sends a signal of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After the antenna in the communication system receives the signal, it can be processed by the filtering unit, the power amplifier, the signal amplifier, and the radio frequency transceiver and then transmitted to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0091] Furthermore, a radio frequency transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals sent by the transceiver unit or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna and transmit them back to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the radio frequency transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate these various types of signals provided by the baseband and then transmit them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the receiving circuit of the radio frequency transceiver. The receiving circuit transmits the signal to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signal and transmits it to the receiving end.

[0092] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit, which is connected to at least one antenna. When the communication system transmits signals, the signal amplifier is used to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the RF transceiver before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the RF transceiver before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. The filtering unit combines the signals output by the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, filters out noise, and then transmits them to the antenna, which radiates the signal. When the communication system receives signals, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out noise from the signal received by the antenna and transmits it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier amplifies the signal received by the antenna to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. The power amplifier amplifies the power of the signal received by the antenna. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier before being transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0093] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low noise amplifier, which is not limited herein.

[0094] In some examples, the antenna array provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit, which is connected to a power amplifier to provide the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying the signal.

[0095] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit; the first antenna unit comprises a first phase adjustment structure and a first radiation structure, and the second antenna unit comprises a second phase adjustment structure and a second radiation structure; in, The first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiating structure, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiating structure; The first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure feeds the first radiating structure in a first direction, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure feeds the second radiating structure in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are different.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, in, After the first antenna unit is rotated by a preset angle and then flipped 180°, the first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure coincides with the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure, and the first radiation structure coincides with the second radiation structure.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, in, It also includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate that are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first phase adjustment structure and the second phase adjustment structure are arranged between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate; The orthographic projections of the first radiating structure and the second radiating structure on the first dielectric substrate are respectively a first pattern and a second pattern, and at least a part of the orthographic projection of the first phase adjustment structure on the first dielectric substrate is located between the first pattern and the second pattern; Alternatively, at least a portion of the orthographic projection of the second phase adjustment structure on the first dielectric substrate is located between the first pattern and the second pattern.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, in, The invention also includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate which are arranged opposite to each other; the first phase adjustment structure includes a first electrode which is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a second electrode which is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and a first adjustable dielectric layer which is located between the first electrode and the second electrode; the second phase adjustment structure includes a third electrode which is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a fourth electrode which is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and a second adjustable dielectric layer which is located between the third electrode and the fourth electrode.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, in, Also includes a third dielectric substrate, a first reference electrode layer and a second reference electrode layer; The third dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate away from the first dielectric substrate; The first reference electrode layer is arranged between the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the first reference electrode layer has a first opening and a second opening, the first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiation structure through the first opening, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiation structure through the second opening; The second reference electrode layer is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate facing away from the second dielectric substrate.

6. The antenna according to claim 4, in, The first radiation structure and the second radiation structure both include a first radiation portion and a second radiation portion; the antenna further includes a third dielectric substrate, a first reference electrode layer and a second reference electrode layer; The third dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate away from the first dielectric substrate; The first reference electrode layer is arranged between the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the first reference electrode layer has a first opening and a second opening, the first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiating portion of the first radiating structure through the first opening, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiating portion of the second radiating structure through the second opening; The second reference electrode layer is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate away from the second dielectric substrate, and the second reference electrode layer has a third opening and a fourth opening, the second feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiating part of the first radiating structure through the third opening, and the second feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiating part of the second radiating structure through the fourth opening.

7. The antenna according to claim 4, in, The antenna also includes a third dielectric substrate, a fourth dielectric substrate, a first reference electrode layer, a second reference electrode layer, a first feed source and a second feed source; The third dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate away from the first dielectric substrate; The first reference electrode layer is arranged between the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate, and the first reference electrode layer has a first opening and a second opening, the first feeding end of the first phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the first radiation structure through the first opening, and the first feeding end of the second phase adjustment structure is electrically connected to the second radiation structure through the second opening; The second reference electrode layer is arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate away from the second dielectric substrate, and the second reference electrode layer has a third opening and a fourth opening; The fourth dielectric substrate is arranged on a side of the second reference electrode layer away from the first dielectric substrate; The first feed source and the second feed source are arranged on a side of the fourth dielectric substrate away from the second reference electrode layer, and the first feed source is electrically connected to the second feed end of the first phase adjustment structure through the third opening, and the second feed source is electrically connected to the second feed end of the second phase adjustment structure through the fourth opening.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in, The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

9. An antenna array, comprising a plurality of antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The antenna array according to claim 9, in, The plurality of antennas are divided into a plurality of first antenna groups arranged side by side along a third direction, and a plurality of second antenna groups arranged side by side along a fourth direction, the antennas in the first antenna groups are arranged side by side along the fourth direction, and the antennas in the second antenna groups are arranged side by side along the third direction; The spacing between the first radiation structures in the antennas adjacently arranged in the third direction is a first distance, the spacing between the second radiation structures is a second distance, and the first distance is equal to the second distance; and / or, The spacing between the first radiation structures in the antennas adjacently arranged in the fourth direction is a third distance, the spacing between the second radiation structures is a fourth distance, and the third distance is equal to At the fourth distance.

11. The antenna array according to claim 9, in, The plurality of antenna units are divided into a plurality of first antenna groups arranged side by side along the third direction, the antennas in the first antenna groups are arranged side by side along the fourth direction; and the adjacent first antenna groups are arranged in a staggered manner; For two antennas in the adjacent first antenna group with the same arrangement order, the spacing between the two first radiation structures is the fifth distance, the spacing between the two second radiation structures is the sixth distance, and the fifth distance is equal to the sixth distance.

12. The antenna array according to claim 9, in, The antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate arranged opposite to each other; the first phase adjustment structure comprises a first electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a second electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and a first adjustable dielectric layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode; the second phase adjustment structure comprises a third electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a fourth electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, a fourth bias voltage line electrically connected to the fourth electrode, and a second adjustable dielectric layer located between the third electrode and the fourth electrode; The plurality of antenna units are divided into a plurality of first antenna groups arranged side by side along the third direction, and the antennas in the first antenna groups are arranged side by side along the fourth direction; The first electrodes in each of the first antenna units in the first antenna group are electrically connected to the same first bias voltage line, and the third electrodes in each of the second antenna units are respectively connected to independent third bias voltage lines; The second electrodes in each of the first antenna units in the first antenna group are electrically connected to independent second bias voltage lines, respectively, and the fourth electrodes in each of the second antenna units are connected to the same fourth bias voltage line.

13. The antenna array according to claim 9, in, The antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate arranged opposite to each other; the first phase adjustment structure comprises a first electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a second electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, and a first adjustable dielectric layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode; the second phase adjustment structure comprises a third electrode arranged on a side of the first dielectric substrate close to the second dielectric substrate, a fourth electrode arranged on a side of the second dielectric substrate close to the first dielectric substrate, a fourth bias voltage line electrically connected to the fourth electrode, and a second adjustable dielectric layer located between the third electrode and the fourth electrode; The plurality of antenna units are divided into a plurality of second antenna groups arranged side by side along a fourth direction, and the antennas in the second antenna groups are arranged side by side along the third direction; The first electrodes in each of the first antenna units in the second antenna group are electrically connected to the same first bias voltage line, and the third electrodes in each of the second antenna units are respectively connected to independent third bias voltage lines; The second electrodes in each of the first antenna units in the second antenna group are electrically connected to independent second bias voltage lines, respectively, and the fourth electrodes in each of the second antenna units are connected to the same fourth bias voltage line.

14. The antenna array according to claim 13, in, The second bias voltage lines electrically connected to the second electrodes in the second antenna group and the third bias voltage lines of the third electrodes are respectively located on two opposite sides of the second antenna group in the fourth direction, and the trajectory of the second bias voltage lines matches the outer contour of each second radiation structure, and the trajectory of the third bias voltage lines matches the outer contour of each first radiation structure.

15. An electronic device comprising the antenna array according to any one of claims 9 to 14.

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