Cultivation method of hemp-color meat rabbit commercial line

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method of a hemp meat rabbit commercial line, and relates to the technical field of biological breeding. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: taking a Kangda E line and a Kangda 5 line as breeding materials, and obtaining an M line through hybridization, backcrossing, cross crossing and hair color purification; taking a Kangda D line and a Kangda 2 line as breeding materials, and obtaining a line 8 through hybridization, backcrossing and cross crossing; taking the Kangda 1 line as a maternal line female parent and the 8 line as a maternal line male parent, and hybridizing to obtain a terminal maternal line; and hybridizing the M line serving as a terminal paternal line with the terminal maternal line to obtain a commercial generation hemp-color meat rabbit. The hemp-color meat rabbit commercial line cultivated by the method is outstanding in production performance, high in adaptability, good in meat quality and good in fur, and meets the market requirements of fresh and alive rabbit consumption and fur industry in China.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biological breeding, in particular to a method for breeding a matching line of hemp-colored meat rabbits. Background Art

[0002] Rabbit production has the advantages of high-quality products, grass-feeding and grain-saving, and high ecological efficiency. Cultivating high-quality and efficient breeds is the basis for supporting the development of modern agriculture and animal husbandry. Meat rabbit breeding generally adopts the cultivation of specialized strains, and produces commercial "hybrid superior" meat rabbits through matching hybridization between specialized strains, so as to make full use of hybrid advantages and improve the production level and comprehensive efficiency of meat rabbits.

[0003] The distribution of my country's meat rabbit industry is obvious. From the perspective of production, North China (Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei), East China (Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui), Southwest China (Sichuan, Chongqing) are the main meat rabbit production areas in my country. In recent years, the number of rabbits raised in South China (Hunan, Guangxi) and Northwest China (Xinjiang, Shaanxi) has also increased. As for consumption, Sichuan and Chongqing in the southwest are the main consumption areas of rabbit meat in my country, and Fujian, Hunan and Guangdong in East China and South China are also important consumption areas of rabbit meat in my country. However, there are obvious differences in the production and consumption of meat rabbits in the two places. The production and consumption of Sichuan and Chongqing are mainly white rabbits, while the consumption of colored meat rabbits in East China and South China is characterized by the consumption of colored meat rabbits. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, consumers' demand for livestock products has shown a diversified trend, and meat rabbit consumption has gradually shifted from output demand to quality demand. Cultivating a complete line of high-quality colored meat rabbits, establishing a sound breeding system, improving meat performance and added value of rabbit skins, and providing diversified meat rabbit products suitable for the live rabbit market will help further enrich the genetic resources of my country's meat rabbit breeds, reduce the pressure of introducing new breeds that rely on foreign rabbits, and effectively improve the production level of commercial meat rabbits, playing a positive role in promoting the stable development of my country's meat rabbit industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for a hemp-colored meat rabbit matching line to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The hemp-colored meat rabbit matching line bred by the method of the present invention has the characteristics of outstanding breeding and production performance, strong adaptability, and hemp-colored fur, and has broad market promotion prospects.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for breeding a complete line of hemp-colored meat rabbits, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Kangda E series (hereinafter referred to as E series) and Kangda 5 series (hereinafter referred to as 5 series) were used as breeding materials, and M series was obtained through hybridization, backcrossing, cross-crossing and coat color purification;

[0008] Using Kangda D line (hereinafter referred to as D line) and Kangda 2 line (hereinafter referred to as 2 line) as breeding materials, 8 lines were obtained through hybridization, backcrossing and cross-crossing;

[0009] The terminal maternal line was obtained by hybridization using Kangda 1 line (hereinafter referred to as 1 line) as the maternal parent and the 8 line as the maternal parent;

[0010] The M line is used as the terminal paternal line and hybridized with the terminal maternal line to obtain commercial generation hemp meat rabbits.

[0011] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the M lineage include: the coat is hemp color, and the hair fibers on the head, neck, back, sides of the body, outer sides of the limbs and the back of the tail are similar in color to the hair fibers of wild rabbits, the base of the hair fibers is light gray, the middle part is slightly lighter, the tip of the hair is darker, and there are black gun hairs mixed in; the hair behind the ears, under the neck, and in the groin is lighter in color, straw yellow; the hair on the lower jaw, inner sides of the limbs, soles of the feet, abdomen, and ventral side of the tail is white; the ears are wide and upright, with shiny black hair edges on the ear tips; the head is large and the forehead is darker ... are white; the head is large and the forehead is darker; the hair on the lower jaw, inner sides of the limbs, soles of the feet, abdomen, and ventral side of the tail are white; the head is large and the forehead is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker; the hair on the lower jaw is darker The rabbit is broad, with a deep chest, a straight back and waist, strong limbs, and well-developed leg and buttocks muscles, a typical meat-producing body shape; the eyeballs are brown, the skin is brown-yellow, and some parts are dark gray; there are 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples, the average number of live piglets born is 8.0 to 8.6, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 1000g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 5.3 to 6.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.2 to 5.8kg; the body length of an adult rabbit is 48 to 54cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the 8 lines include: pure white coat, delicate head shape, pink eyes, large, erect ears, symmetrical body structure, well-developed front, middle and hindquarters, strong physique, strong limbs, and thick leg hair; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; docile temperament, good maternal instinct, strong lactation, and strong sustained reproductive capacity; the average number of live piglets born alive is 10.2 to 10.8, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 1,000 g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 5.2 to 5.7 kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.0 to 5.4 kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 44 to 52 cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 39 cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the Kangda 1 series include: pure white coat, delicate head shape, pink eyes, medium-sized and erect ears, symmetrical body structure, well-developed mid- and hindquarters, strong limbs, long back and waist, and strong physique; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; docile temperament, good maternal instinct, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive ability, and long service life; the average number of live piglets born alive is 9.6 to 10.2, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 970g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 4.6 to 5.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 4.4 to 4.9kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 40 to 48cm, and the chest circumference is 34 to 38cm.

[0014] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the terminal maternal line include: white coat, delicate head shape, symmetrical structure, deep and long back and waist, and well-developed middle and hindquarters; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; gentle temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive ability, and long service life; the average number of live piglets born alive is 10.0 to 10.5; the adult weight of the female rabbit is 4.5 kg to 4.8 kg, the body length is 42 to 50 cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40 cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the phenotypic characteristics of the commercial generation of hemp meat rabbits include: hemp coat; symmetrical body structure, plump muscles, and strong physique; weaning weight of more than 1000g at 35 days of age; market weight of more than 2500g at 70 days of age; feed-to-weight ratio of 2.95-3.00 during the fattening period of 35-70 days of age; semi-eviscerated slaughter rate of 53.0%-54.0%; and fully eviscerated slaughter rate of 49.0%-50.0%.

[0016] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0017] The present invention successfully breeds the industry's first linen-colored meat rabbit system, filling the gap in the industry market. The system has outstanding production performance, high feed conversion efficiency, fast growth rate, long breeding rabbit service life, low production cost, strong stress resistance and adaptability. All commercial rabbits are linen-colored, the price of live rabbits is high, and the added value of rabbit skins is large, which meets the diversified needs of meat rabbit production and consumption in the regional market and enriches the categories of my country's independent meat rabbit system.

[0018] The performance of the hemp meat rabbit breeding system bred by the present invention is equivalent to that of the imported white meat rabbit breeding system, but the female rabbits have obvious advantages in continuous reproduction ability and high value-added fur. At the same time, the invention has strong adaptability, wide sales channels and broad market promotion prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the synthesis of M series;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the synthesis of 8 series;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the supporting pattern of the hemp-colored meat rabbit system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0025] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0027] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0028] In the following examples, the fecundity index = (0.2 × conception rate + 0.2 × litter size + 0.2 × litter weight at birth + 0.4 × litter weight at 21 days of age) + 100, which is used to comprehensively evaluate the reproductive performance of each combination;

[0029] Fattening ability index = 0.5 × (weight at 70 days of age - weight at 35 days of age) + 0.35 × inverse of feed-to-weight ratio + 0.15 × survival rate during fattening + 100, used to comprehensively evaluate the fattening performance of each combination;

[0030] Commodity index = 0.5 × evisceration rate + 0.3 × meat cut ratio + 0.2 × skin added value + 100, used to comprehensively evaluate the output capacity of each combination;

[0031] Comprehensive index = 0.5 × fattening index + 0.3 × reproduction index + 0.2 × commodity index, used to evaluate the comprehensive production performance of each combination;

[0032] Commercial rabbit profit = output of a single commercial rabbit (variables include market weight, evisceration rate, meat cut ratio, and added value of hides) - commercial rabbit fattening cost (variables include weight gain during fattening, feed-to-weight ratio, fattening survival rate, and fattening non-feed costs) - rabbit weaning cost (variables include annual breeding cost of breeder rabbits, breeding rabbit conception rate, number of live piglets, and weaning survival rate);

[0033] Annual profit of a single cage = profit from commercial rabbits × number of commercial rabbits bred and marketed in a single cage per year.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] 1. Breeding materials

[0036] According to the breeding goal of cultivating a complete line of hemp-colored high-quality meat rabbits, preliminary screening was carried out on the basis of the original meat rabbit breeding results and germplasm resources, and the breeding materials shown in Table 1 were obtained.

[0037] Table 1 Main breeding materials, performance indicators and their sources

[0038]

[0039] Note: Series D, Series E, Series 5, Series 1 and Series 2 were purchased from Kangda Rabbit Industry Co., Ltd.

[0040] 2. Methods and Results

[0041] 2.1 Determination of combining ability of breeding materials

[0042] The combining ability between the main breeding materials was measured and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0043] Table 2 Results of combining ability test of breeding materials (unit: litter, piece, g, %)

[0044]

[0045] The best combination of comprehensive reproductive performance is D♂×2♀, indicating that the hybridization of these two breeding materials into a new strain may have higher reproductive performance. The best combination of comprehensive fattening performance is E♂×5♀, indicating that the hybridization of these two breeding materials into a new strain may have higher fattening performance.

[0046] 2.2 Creation of specialized strains

[0047] 2.2.1M series

[0048] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, the E and 5 lines were used as breeding materials, and the M line was established through hybridization, backcrossing, cross-crossing and combined with hemp color genotype detection; among them, the E line pedigree accounted for 12.5%, and the 5 line pedigree accounted for 87.5%. After the basic group was established, the closed group succession breeding method was used for generational breeding, focusing on selecting individuals with hemp color, fast early growth rate and high feed conversion rate. During the generational breeding process, hemp color genotype detection was continuously carried out (for specific detection methods, see Chinese patent CN201910029901.6). By the first generation, the hemp color individual genotype was all AACCEE type (where AA corresponds to ASIP gene, CC corresponds to TYR gene, and EE corresponds to MC1R gene), and by the third generation, 100% hemp color phenotype was achieved, as shown in Table 3. The progress of M series feed-to-weight ratio breeding is shown in Table 4.

[0049] The M series has been bred since 2018 and has reached 7 generations. Each generation has reproduced 3 to 4 batches continuously. The size of the core group is maintained at about 300 rabbits. The male-female ratio is about 1:7. The actual breeding rate of female rabbits is about 16%, and the actual breeding rate of male rabbits is about 2.5%.

[0050] Table 3 Statistics of coat color selection, mating and separation in each generation of M series (unit: pieces, %)

[0051]

[0052] Table 4 Progress in the selection of weight ratio of M series materials

[0053]

[0054] 2.2.28 series

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the D-line male rabbits with the highest breeding value index and the 2-line female rabbits that have continuously bred more than 3 litters were selected, and the homozygous individuals of the white coat color genotype were selected through hybridization, backcrossing and cross-crossing to form the 8-line; of which the D-line pedigree accounted for 75% and the 2-line pedigree accounted for 25%. After the basic group was established, the closed group succession breeding method was used for generational selection. The 8-line breeding basic group was established in 2018 to carry out generational selection. The group size was small in the first two generations. Starting from the third generation, in order to improve the uniformity of the group and increase the size of the breeding basic group, the male-female ratio of the breeding group was about 1:10, and the actual seed retention rate of male rabbits in each generation was within 2%, and the seed retention rate of female rabbits was within 15%.

[0056] In the F1 generation, individuals with white paws or white noses and individuals with obvious black ends that turned brown were eliminated; in the F2 generation, individuals homozygous for the white coat genotype were selected. The litter weight of the F2 generation at 21 days of age increased by 263.81g compared with the F0 generation (2 lines); the body weight at 70 days of age increased by 187.54g, showing a certain degree of hybrid advantage. The reproductive performance and growth performance of the 8-line synthetic hybrid group are shown in Table 5 and Table 6, respectively.

[0057] Table 58 Reproductive performance of synthetic hybrid groups (unit: litter, piece, g, %)

[0058]

[0059] Table 68 Synthetic hybrid group growth performance (unit: piece, g)

[0060]

[0061] 2.2.31 series

[0062] In order to improve the breeding life and tolerance of rabbits, the 1st generation group selected families and individuals with more than 5 healthy reproductions as the F1 generation; the F1 generation selected families and individuals with more than 5 healthy reproductions as the F2 generation. The F2 generation was used as the basic group for generational selection and breeding, and the closed group succession breeding method was used for generational selection.

[0063] The F0-F2 generations continuously and intensively selected two indicators: the cumulative number of weaneds among five litters and the average litter weight at 21 days of age among five litters. As shown in Table 7, the cumulative number of weaneds among five litters increased from 37.50 in the F0 generation to 39.25 in the F2 generation, an increase of 1.75; the average litter weight at 21 days of age among five litters increased from 3063.84 g in the F0 generation to 3260.55 g in the F2 generation, an increase of 196.71 g, which was a significant progress.

[0064] Table 71 Progress in reproductive performance of F0-F1 generation (unit: piece, g)

[0065]

[0066] The size of the 1st series core group is maintained at more than 400 rabbits, with a male-to-female ratio of approximately 1:10. The actual breeding rate of male rabbits is approximately 1.5%, and the actual breeding rate of female rabbits is approximately 13%.

[0067] 2.3 Determination of combining ability between two systems

[0068] In order to analyze and compare the production performance of each strain, detect the hybrid production effect between each strain, screen the best production combination, establish a two-line hybrid scheme suitable for maternal, paternal and commercial generation production, and provide a basis for screening and establishing a matching system for hemp-colored meat rabbits, a total of 7 combinations were set up, and the reproductive performance, fattening performance and slaughter performance of each combination were systematically measured. The comprehensive evaluation results of the two-line combining ability determination are shown in Table 8. The results show that the best combination of comprehensive index is 8♂×1♀, and the second place is M♂×8♀. Because the added value of M♂×8♀ fur is high, its commercial rabbit profit and single cage annual profit are higher than 8♂×1♀. The two indicators of single cage annual profit and commercial rabbit profit of 8♂×1♀ combination are significantly higher than those of 1♂×8♀ combination. Finally, 8♂×1♀ combination is selected as the hybrid combination for commercial production.

[0069] Table 8 Comprehensive evaluation results of combining ability between two systems

[0070]

[0071] 2.4 Determination of combining ability among three systems

[0072] On the basis of the two-line combining ability test, the combining ability test among the three lines was carried out, and the Yila meat rabbit and Kangda No. 1 meat rabbit matching lines were added as controls. The purpose was to analyze and compare the production performance of each combination, detect the combining ability among each strain and hybrid system, screen and establish the best three-line hybridization scheme, and provide a basis for screening and establishing the matching system of hemp meat rabbits.

[0073] Table 9 Comprehensive evaluation results of combining ability among three systems

[0074]

[0075] As shown in Table 9, the best combination of comprehensive index, commercial rabbit profit, and annual profit per cage is M ♂ ×(8·1) ♀ , which is significantly better than other combinations.

[0076] 2.5 Composition and characteristics of supporting system

[0077] 2.5.1 Supporting Model

[0078] The hemp color meat rabbit system consists of three specialized lines: the maternal line is 1 series, pure white; the maternal line is 8 series, pure white; the terminal sire is M series, hemp color. All commercial products are hemp color. Figure 3 shown.

[0079] 2.5.2 Characteristics of matching system

[0080] 2.5.2.1 Great-grandparents and grandparents

[0081] (1)M series

[0082] The coat is linen-colored. The hair fibers on the head, neck, back, sides of the body, outside of the limbs and back of the tail are similar to the color of wild rabbit hair fibers. The base of the hair fibers is light gray, the middle part is slightly lighter, the tip of the hair is darker, and there are black gun hairs mixed in. The hair behind the ears, under the neck, and in the groin is lighter in color and is straw yellow. The hair color of the lower jaw, the inside of the limbs, the soles of the feet, the abdomen, and the ventral surface of the tail is white. The ears are wide and upright, and the tips of the ears have shiny black hair edges. The head is large and the forehead is wide, the chest is wide and deep, the back and waist are straight, the limbs are thick, and the leg and hip muscles are well-developed, showing a typical meat body shape. The eyeballs are brown, the skin is brown-yellow, and some parts are dark gray. There are 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples, the average number of live piglets born is 8.0 to 8.6, and the average weaning weight of 35 days old is more than 1000g. The adult weight of male rabbits is 5.3-6.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.2-5.8kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 48-54cm, and the chest circumference is 35-40cm.

[0083] (2)8 series

[0084] The coat is pure white, the head is delicate, the eyes are pink, the ears are large and erect, the body structure is symmetrical, the front, middle and hindquarters are well developed, the physique is strong, the limbs are strong, and the foot hair is abundant. There are 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples. The temperament is gentle, the maternal instinct is good, the lactation ability is strong, and the continuous reproduction ability is strong. The average number of live piglets born is 10.2 to 10.8, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 1000g. The adult weight of male rabbits is 5.2 to 5.7kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.0 to 5.4kg. The body length of an adult rabbit is 44 to 52cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 39cm.

[0085] (3)1 series

[0086] The coat is pure white, the head is delicate, the eyes are pink, the ears are medium-sized and erect, the body structure is symmetrical, the middle and hindquarters are well developed, the limbs are strong, the back and waist are long, and the physique is strong. There are 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples. The temperament is gentle, the maternal instinct is good, the lactation ability is strong, the continuous reproduction ability is strong, and the service life is long. The average number of live piglets born is 9.6 to 10.2, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 970g. The adult weight of male rabbits is 4.6 to 5.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 4.4 to 4.9kg. The body length of an adult rabbit is 40 to 48cm, and the chest circumference is 34 to 38cm.

[0087] 2.5.2.2 Parent Generation

[0088] (1) Parent male rabbit

[0089] The characteristics of the male rabbits of the parent generation are the same as those of the great-grandparent and grandparent generations of the M line.

[0090] (2) Parent rabbit

[0091] The coat is white, the head is handsome, the structure is symmetrical, the back is deep and long, and the middle and hindquarters are well developed. There are 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples. The temperament is gentle, the maternal instinct is good, the lactation ability is strong, the continuous reproduction ability is strong, and the service life is long. The average number of live piglets born alive is 10.0 to 10.5. The adult weight of the female rabbit is 4.5kg to 4.8kg, the body length is 42 to 50cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40cm.

[0092] 2.5.2.3 Product Agency

[0093] The coat is hemp color, which is basically the same as the M series. The body structure is symmetrical, the muscles are plump, and the physique is strong. The weaning weight at 35 days old is more than 1000g; the market weight at 70 days old is more than 2500g; the feed-to-weight ratio during the fattening period from 35 to 70 days old is 2.95 to 3.00; the semi-eviscerated slaughter rate is 53.0% to 54.0%; the fully eviscerated slaughter rate is 49.0% to 50.0%.

[0094] 2.6 Performance test of the hemp meat rabbit system

[0095] The performance of the parent and commercial generations of the hemp meat rabbit breeding stock was tested and the results are shown in Table 10.

[0096] Table 10 Performance test results of hemp-colored meat rabbit matching system (unit: piece, g, %)

[0097]

[0098] 2.7 Differences from other supporting systems / varieties

[0099] At present, the meat rabbit matching lines raised in China mainly include the Ira and Ipuru meat rabbit matching lines introduced from abroad and the Kangda series meat rabbit matching lines independently cultivated in China, among which the Ira meat rabbit matching line has the highest market share; the common hemp rabbits on the market are mainly Flanders rabbits, but their coat colors and production performances vary greatly, making it difficult to form a batch supply group with stable quality. Taking into account the market demand, the present invention systematically compares the characteristics and production performance of the hemp meat rabbit matching line with Kangda No. 1, the Ira meat rabbit matching line and the Flanders rabbit, and the results are shown in Tables 11-13.

[0100] Through the comparison of characteristics and production performance, it can be seen that the hemp meat rabbit system has obvious advantages in seed production efficiency and utilization of hybrid advantages; the commercial generation of hemp meat rabbits are all hemp-colored with high consistency, the fur is dense and smooth, and the fur has high added value. Large-scale commercial production can provide batches of high-quality hemp-colored skins with stable and consistent quality, and the market prospects are good; the parent generation of hemp meat rabbit matching system has strong continuous reproductive capacity, provides a large number of weaned rabbits each year, and the commercial generation grows fast, consumes less feed, has strong adaptability, and has a high survival rate.

[0101] Table 11 Comparison results of variety characteristics

[0102]

[0103] Table 12 Comparison of reproductive performance of parents (unit: piece, g, fetus, %)

[0104]

[0105] Table 13 Comparison of commodity production performance (unit: piece, g, %)

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding a complete line of hemp-colored meat rabbits, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Kangda E and Kangda 5 were used as breeding materials, and M was obtained through hybridization, backcrossing, cross-crossing and coat color purification. Using Kangda D and Kangda 2 as breeding materials, 8 lines were obtained through hybridization, backcrossing and cross-crossing; Using Kangda 1 as the maternal parent and the 8th line as the maternal parent, the terminal maternal line was obtained by hybridization; The M line is used as the terminal paternal line and hybridized with the terminal maternal line to obtain commercial generation hemp meat rabbits.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The phenotypic characteristics of the M lineage include: the coat is brown, and the hair fibers on the head, neck, back, sides of the body, outer sides of the limbs and the back of the tail are similar in color to those of wild rabbit hair fibers, the base of the hair fibers is light gray, the middle part is slightly lighter, the tip of the hair is darker, and there are black gun hairs mixed in; the hair behind the ears, under the neck, and in the groin is lighter in color, straw yellow; the hair on the lower jaw, inner sides of the limbs, soles of the feet, abdomen, and ventral side of the tail is white; the ears are wide and upright, with shiny black hair edges on the tips of the ears; the head is large and the forehead is wide, The chest is broad and deep, the back and waist are straight, the limbs are strong, and the legs and buttocks muscles are well-developed, showing a typical meat body shape; the eyeballs are brown, the skin is brown-yellow, and some parts are dark gray; there are 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples, the average number of live piglets born is 8.0 to 8.6, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 1000g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 5.3 to 6.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.2 to 5.8kg; the body length of an adult rabbit is 48 to 54cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40cm.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The phenotypic characteristics of the 8 lines include: pure white coat, delicate head shape, pink eyes, large and upright ears, symmetrical body structure, well-developed front, middle and hindquarters, strong physique, strong limbs, and thick foot hair; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; gentle temperament, good maternal instinct, strong lactation, and strong sustained reproductive ability; the average number of live piglets born alive is 10.2 to 10.8, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 1000g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 5.2 to 5.7kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 5.0 to 5.4kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 44 to 52cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 39cm.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The phenotypic characteristics of the Kangda 1 series include: pure white coat, delicate head shape, pink eyes, medium-sized and upright ears, symmetrical body structure, well-developed mid- and hindquarters, strong limbs, long back and waist, and strong physique; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; gentle temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive capacity, and long service life; the average number of live piglets born alive is 9.6 to 10.2, and the average weaning weight at 35 days of age is more than 970g; the adult weight of male rabbits is 4.6 to 5.0kg, and the adult weight of female rabbits is 4.4 to 4.9kg; the body length of adult rabbits is 40 to 48cm, and the chest circumference is 34 to 38cm.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phenotypic characteristics of the terminal maternal line include: white coat, delicate head shape, symmetrical structure, deep back and long waist, and well-developed middle and hindquarters; 4 to 5 pairs of effective nipples; gentle temperament, good maternal instincts, strong lactation, strong continuous reproductive ability, and long service life; the average number of live piglets born alive is 10.0 to 10.5; the adult weight of the female rabbit is 4.5 kg to 4.8 kg, the body length is 42 to 50 cm, and the chest circumference is 35 to 40 cm.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phenotypic characteristics of the commercial generation of hemp meat rabbits include: hemp coat; symmetrical body structure, plump muscles, and strong physique; weaning weight of more than 1000g at 35 days of age; market weight of more than 2500g at 70 days of age; feed-to-weight ratio of 2.95-3.00 during the fattening period of 35-70 days of age; semi-eviscerated slaughter rate of 53.0%-54.0%; and fully eviscerated slaughter rate of 49.0%-50.0%.

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