Lithium ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on water spraying system

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water spraying system. The lithium ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system comprises a spraying pipe network, a plurality of sprayers, a fire linkage controller and a plurality of fire detectors. Each nozzle is communicated with a water outlet end pipeline of the spraying pipe network; the water inlet end of the spraying pipe network is arranged outside the cabin body and is communicated with the fire pool and the water pump adapter through pipelines; an electromagnetic valve is arranged on a pipeline for communicating the water inlet end of the spraying pipe network with the fire pool; the fire detector is electrically connected with the fire linkage controller and used for obtaining fire information in the cabin body. According to the system, through the fire linkage controller, an alarm can be given, after a power supply of each battery pack in the cabin is cut off in two modes of manual / automatic triggering, a valve arranged on a water source pipeline is controlled, water is supplied to a spray head in the cabin through a spray pipe network, and continuous fire extinguishing and cooling of the battery cabin are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lithium-ion battery fire fighting technology, and in particular to a lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system. Background Art

[0002] The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin is an integrated energy storage system that integrates lithium-ion batteries, battery management systems (BMS), power storage converters (PCS) and other functional and safety auxiliary components into a prefabricated cabin. This design aims to improve the installation efficiency and ease of use of the energy storage system, and ensure the safety and reliability of the system.

[0003] Lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabins typically include:

[0004] 1. Energy storage battery: It is composed of multiple battery cells, which are connected in series or in parallel.

[0005] 2. Battery Management System (BMS): responsible for monitoring and managing the status of the battery to ensure safe operation of the battery.

[0006] 3. Power storage converter (PCS): Converts the DC power of the battery into AC power for use in the power grid.

[0007] 4. Thermal management system: includes air cooling or liquid cooling system to keep the battery operating normally at an appropriate temperature.

[0008] 5. Fire protection system: including fire alarm and fire extinguishing devices to deal with possible fire risks.

[0009] 6. Cabin structure: Steel plates are usually used as structural parts, the shell is filled with flame-retardant rock wool, and the inside and outside are sprayed with paint.

[0010] The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin integrates multiple energy storage batteries into an integrated structure, which can be used for "peak shaving and valley filling", that is, storing electricity when there is surplus electricity and releasing electricity during peak electricity consumption to ensure the stability of power supply. At the same time, the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin as a whole is convenient for transportation according to electricity demand to realize distributed energy storage. It can also be used as an emergency power supply in an emergency and as a backup power supply to temporarily provide power supply. It can also be used as a renewable energy storage device and transport electricity as needed to improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0011] However, since multiple battery components are installed in the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin, once the lithium-ion battery has thermal runaway, the fire will be large and difficult to extinguish completely, and it is easy to reignite.

[0012] The existing lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin is extinguished by a gas fire extinguishing system that is matched with it. However, the existing gas fire extinguishing system is limited by the capacity of the bottle group and can only be sprayed a limited number of times. When the fire is large, it cannot completely solve the thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery, nor can it effectively avoid the problem of re-ignition.

[0013] Existing water sprinkler fire extinguishing systems are mainly used for extinguishing fires in conventional environments such as buildings (CN03220459.0 Foam-water sprinkler combined automatic fire extinguishing device) and ships (CN201010272434.9 A water sprinkler fire extinguishing system for a ship garbage station).

[0014] Another example is the air-cooled energy storage battery system disclosed in CN202311356778.1. This system realizes fire monitoring and fire control of a single battery pack by setting up sub-monitoring devices and sub-pipelines corresponding to the battery packs one by one, realizing battery pack-level fire control and precise fire extinguishing. By adopting perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, in conjunction with gas fire fighting pipelines and control valves, fire control of a single battery pack / multiple battery packs can be achieved; multiple spraying can be achieved by using perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent. According to the results of thermal simulation, larger nozzles and connecting pipes are set for battery packs with higher temperatures to enhance the fire extinguishing effect in a targeted manner. However, water is still not used as the fire extinguishing medium in this fire extinguishing system. Although the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent is repeatedly sprayed, when the fire is serious, it is difficult to quickly replenish the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent again to achieve continuous fire extinguishing operations, which affects the comprehensive fire extinguishing of the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin.

[0015] The information disclosed in the background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0016] In response to the above technical problems, the present application provides a lithium-ion battery prefabricated compartment fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system, which can continuously cool down and extinguish the lithium-ion battery prefabricated compartment that has thermal runaway. The system only needs to be connected to the municipal water supply network or the fire pump connector to achieve long-term continuous water spraying and fire extinguishing. The fire extinguishing medium is easily available, which greatly reduces the risk of fire spread and improves the efficiency of fire fighting and rescue.

[0017] The present application provides a lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water spray system, wherein the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin comprises: a plurality of battery cabinets and a cabin body; the battery cabinet is accommodated and arranged on one side of the cabin body and is arranged adjacent to the side wall of the cabin body;

[0018] Including: sprinkler pipe network, multiple sprinkler heads, fire linkage controller, multiple fire detectors;

[0019] Each nozzle is connected to the water outlet pipeline of the sprinkler pipe network; the water inlet end of the sprinkler pipe network is arranged outside the cabin and connected to the fire water tank and the water pump connector pipeline;

[0020] A solenoid valve is installed on the pipe connecting the water inlet end of the sprinkler pipe network and the fire water tank;

[0021] The fire detector is installed on the top of the cabin and is electrically connected to the fire linkage controller to obtain fire information inside the cabin;

[0022] The fire linkage controller is electrically connected to each solenoid valve.

[0023] Preferably, the nozzle is arranged to spray toward the battery cabinet; the nozzle is arranged at the top of the space between the battery cabinet and the cabin;

[0024] A splash plate is set at the bottom of the nozzle, and the vertical distance between the splash plate and the battery cabinet is ≥0.45m;

[0025] The distance between the splash plate of the nozzle and the inner top surface of the cabin is 75mm to 150mm.

[0026] Preferably, the fire detector is arranged on the top of the cabin on one side of the sprinkler head.

[0027] Preferably, it includes: an automatic power-off switch, a manual power-off switch, and an alarm; the alarm is electrically connected to the fire linkage controller, and is used to send alarm information to maintenance personnel according to the fire situation;

[0028] The automatic power cut-off switch is electrically connected to the fire linkage controller and is used to shut down the power supply of the battery cabinet after receiving a fire signal;

[0029] The manual power cut-off switch is installed on the power line of the battery cabinet and is used by maintenance personnel to manually shut down the power supply of the battery cabinet.

[0030] Preferably, the water spray intensity of the nozzle is q≥12L / min.m 2 .

[0031] Preferably, the nozzle arrangement spacing is ≥3m; the horizontal distance between the nozzle and the battery cabinet is ≥0.30m.

[0032] Preferably, the water volume of the fire water pool should meet the spraying intensity q≥12L / min.m 2 Under the conditions, the water supply time is ≥3.00h.

[0033] Preferably, the fire water tank is connected to the municipal water supply network; the municipal water supply network meets the water spray intensity q≥12L / min.m 2 Under the conditions, water supply time is ≥24h.

[0034] Preferably, the volume of the fire water tank is greater than 21.6m 3 .

[0035] Preferably, the water supply flow rate of the fire pump connector is ≥10L / s;

[0036] The installation height of the water pump connector is 0.6 to 0.8 m from the ground;

[0037] The distance between the water pump connector 1 and the body of the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin is ≥12m.

[0038] The beneficial effects of this application include:

[0039] 1) The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on the water sprinkler system provided in this application is provided with multiple sprinklers on one side of the battery inside the prefabricated cabin, each sprinkler is connected through a pipeline and connected to the water source outside the cabin, and a fire detector is provided between adjacent sprinklers. The cabin environment is obtained in real time through the fire detector. Once a fire is detected, an alarm is issued through a fire linkage controller electrically connected to each fire detector. Through manual / automatic triggering modes, after cutting off the power supply of each battery pack in the cabin, the valve set on the water source pipeline is controlled to open, and the sprinklers in the cabin continue to spray water to achieve continuous fire extinguishing of the battery cabin. The device is safe to use after power failure.

[0040] 2) The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on the water sprinkler system provided in this application can have a water source pipeline connected to the municipal water source near the battery cabin to achieve continuous water supply and effectively control the fire in the battery cabin.

[0041] 3) The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on the water sprinkler system provided in this application has a water spraying intensity of not less than 12L / min.m 2 , the spacing between adjacent sprinklers is ≥3m, and the sprinklers are located in the cabin to achieve efficient and accurate fire extinguishing of the battery pack by the sprayed water flow, and the fire will not spread to adjacent battery packs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a top view of a lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system in at least one embodiment provided in the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic side view of the position of the nozzle relative to the battery pack in at least one embodiment provided in the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a system module in at least one embodiment provided in the present application;

[0045] Legend:

[0046] Cabin 12, water pump connector 1, battery cabinet 2, sprinkler 3, fire detector 21, fire linkage controller 22, solenoid valve 11, alarm 221, manual power-off switch 222, automatic power-off switch 223, fire water tank 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0048] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The controller used in this embodiment is an existing structure, and the control circuit can be implemented through simple programming by technicians in this field. It belongs to the common knowledge in this field. It is only used without modification, so the control method and circuit connection are not described in detail.

[0050] The technical means that are not described in detail in this application and are not used to solve the technical problems of this application are all set according to the common knowledge in the field, and can be implemented in a variety of common knowledge settings.

[0051] See also Figures 1 to 3 The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on the water sprinkler system provided in the present application includes: a water pump connector 1, a battery cabinet 2, a sprinkler 3, a fire detector 21, a fire linkage controller 22, a solenoid valve 11, an alarm 221, a manual power-off switch 222, an automatic power-off switch 223, and a fire water pool 4;

[0052] A plurality of battery cabinets 2 are accommodated in a side area of ​​the cabin 12. The cabin 12 is spaced apart from one side of the battery cabinet 2. A spray pipe network and a plurality of sprinklers 3 are accommodated in the space. Each sprinkler 3 is disposed on the water outlet of the sprinkler pipe network. The sprinkler 3 sprays water toward the battery cabinet 2. A fire detector 21 is also disposed in the area.

[0053] The fire detector 21 is electrically connected to the fire linkage controller 22. The fire linkage controller 22 determines the situation in the cabin 12 and whether a fire has occurred based on the temperature, smoke and other data of the environment in the cabin 12 obtained by the fire detector 21. If it is determined that a fire has occurred, the automatic power-off switch 223 is controlled to cut off the power supply of the battery cabinet 2. Although the battery cabinet 2 is used for storing electricity, after the power supply is cut off, the battery cabinet 2 will not have leakage that affects personal safety during the subsequent spraying process.

[0054] The water inlet end of the sprinkler network is arranged outside the cabin 2 and is connected with the water pump connector 1 pipeline. A solenoid valve 11 is arranged on the pipeline connected to the water inlet end of the sprinkler network to open the water supply to realize spraying according to the fire situation; the solenoid valve 11 is the valve of the fire water pump and is connected with the water pump connector 1, which is used for connection after the external fire truck arrives at the scene, and supplies water to the sprinkler network through the water pump connector.

[0055] After the fire linkage controller 22 obtains the fire information, an alarm message is sent out through the alarm 221 electrically connected to the fire linkage controller 22 to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to synchronously operate the manual power-off switch 222 to ensure the reliability of power off of the battery cabinet 2.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the water inlet of the sprinkler network is also connected to the fire water pool 4 pipeline; a solenoid valve 11 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the fire water pool 4 and the water inlet of the sprinkler network, and the solenoid valve 11 is electrically connected to the fire linkage controller 22. Thus, the fire can be extinguished in time through the fire water pool 4 according to the fire situation, so as to achieve a continuous fire extinguishing effect.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the water pump connector 1 is connected to the sprinkler network. After the external fire truck arrives at the scene, the water tank of the fire truck supplies water to the sprinkler network through the water pump connector 1 as an alternative solution for supplying water to the fire water pool 4.

[0058] The water sprinkler system of the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin can adopt an open or pre-action fire extinguishing system, supporting manual / automatic triggering modes. The normal working state should be the automatic triggering mode, and the water distribution pipe filling time should not exceed 1 minute.

[0059] To ensure that the battery cabinet 2 is cooled effectively and quickly by water, the water spray intensity of the nozzle 3 is q≥12L / min.m 2 ;

[0060] The spacing between sprinklers 3 is ≥3m. If the maximum side length of a single fireproof space (separation area) is less than 3m, only one sprinkler may be installed;

[0061] The horizontal distance between the nozzle 3 and the lithium-ion battery cabinet 2 is ≥ 0.30m;

[0062] A top interval is reserved between the lithium battery cabinet 2 and the top of the cabin 12, the nozzle 3 is arranged in the top area of ​​the lithium battery cabinet 2, a splash plate is arranged at the bottom of the nozzle 3, and the vertical distance between the splash plate and the lithium battery cabinet 2 is ≥0.45m;

[0063] The distance between the splash plate of the nozzle 3 and the inner top surface of the cabin 12 is 75 mm to 150 mm.

[0064] The fire water pool 4 can provide water for the water sprinkler system. The fire water pool 4 is also connected to the municipal water supply network 13. The municipal water supply network (13) meets the water spray intensity q≥12L / min.m 2 Under the conditions, the water supply time is ≥3.00h.

[0065] The fire water pool 4 is connected to the municipal water supply network, and the fire water pool 4 is continuously replenished with water through the municipal water supply network, which can provide the system with a water spray intensity of q≥12L / min.m 2 Under the conditions, water supply time is ≥24h.

[0066] The calculation method of the water volume Q that the fire water pool 4 can provide to the water sprinkler system is as follows: Taking a single cabin 12 as an example, the floor area of ​​the cabin 12 is S = 10m 2 , water volume Q = S × q × T = 10m 2 ×12L / min.m 2 ×3.00h=10m 2 ×12L / min.m 2 ×180min=21600L=21.6m 3 Therefore, the volume needs to be set to be greater than 21.6m 3 Fire water pool 4.

[0067] The water inlet end of the sprinkler network is connected to the fire pump connector 1, the water supply flow of the fire pump connector 1 is ≥10L / s, the installation height of the water pump connector 1 is 0.6~0.8m from the ground, and the water pump connector 1 is ≥12m away from the cabin body of the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin.

[0068] After the system is set up according to the above parameters, when a battery pack in the cabin 12 has thermal runaway, the fire of thermal runaway will not spread to other battery packs adjacent to the battery pack on fire through the fire extinguishing and cooling effect of this system, and the fire of the battery pack on fire can be extinguished within 20 minutes. After the system is started, the air temperature in the cabin 12 is not higher than 40°C. Other existing gas fire extinguishing system solutions release the agent 1 to 3 times after the battery pack thermal runaway, and cannot effectively deal with the battery re-ignition situation. This system can continue to have a good fire extinguishing and cooling effect under the water supply of fire water pools, municipal pipe networks, and external fire trucks.

[0069] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system, the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin comprising: A plurality of battery cabinets (2) and a cabin (12); the battery cabinet (2) is accommodated and arranged on one side of the cabin (12) and is arranged adjacent to the side wall of the cabin (12); It is characterized by comprising: a sprinkler pipe network, a plurality of sprinkler heads (3), a fire linkage controller (22), and a plurality of fire detectors (21); Each nozzle (3) is connected to a water outlet pipe of a sprinkler pipe network; a water inlet of the sprinkler pipe network is arranged outside the cabin (12) and is connected to a fire water tank (4) and a water pump connector (1) pipe; A solenoid valve (11) is provided on the pipeline connecting the water inlet end of the sprinkler network and the fire water tank (4); The fire detector (21) is electrically connected to the fire linkage controller (22) and is used to obtain fire information in the cabin (12); The fire linkage controller (22) is electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve (11).

2. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nozzle (3) is arranged to spray toward the battery cabinet (2); the nozzle (3) is arranged at the top of the space between the battery cabinet (2) and the cabin (12); A splash plate is provided at the bottom of the nozzle (3), and the vertical distance between the splash plate and the battery cabinet (2) is ≥ 0.45m； The distance between the water splash plate of the nozzle (3) and the inner top surface of the cabin (12) is 75 mm to 150 mm.

3. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fire detector (21) is arranged on the top of the cabin on one side of the sprinkler head (3).

4. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: include: An automatic power cut-off switch (223), a manual power cut-off switch (222), and an alarm (221); the alarm (221) is electrically connected to a fire linkage controller (22) and is used to send alarm information to maintenance personnel according to the fire situation; The automatic power cut-off switch (223) is electrically connected to the fire linkage controller (22) and is used to shut down the power supply of the battery cabinet (2) after receiving a fire signal; The manual power off switch (222) is arranged on the power line of the battery cabinet (2) and is used for maintenance personnel to manually shut down the power supply of the battery cabinet (2).

5. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water spray intensity of the nozzle (3) is q≥12L / min.m 2 .

6. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The arrangement spacing of the nozzles (3) is ≥3m; the horizontal distance between the nozzles (3) and the battery cabinet (2) is ≥0.30m.

7. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Water volume of fire water pool (4): meet the spray intensity q≥ 12L / min.m 2 Under the conditions, the water supply time is ≥3.00h.

8. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fire water pool (4) is connected to the municipal water supply network (13); the municipal water supply network (13) meets the water spray intensity q≥12L / min.m 2 Under the condition of 24h。 9. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fire water tank (4) with a volume greater than 21.6m 3 .

10. The lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin fire extinguishing system based on a water sprinkler system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply flow rate of the fire pump connector (1) is ≥10L / s; The installation height of the water pump connector (1) is 0.6 to 0.8 m from the ground; The distance between the water pump connector 1 and the body (12) of the lithium-ion battery prefabricated cabin is ≥12 m.

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