Punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production

Abstract

The invention discloses a punching die for aluminum alloy machining and production, and relates to the technical field of die machining, the punching die comprises a lower die set and an upper die set, the lower die set is provided with a guide column, the punching die further comprises a clamping mechanism used for limiting a plate to be machined, and a self-adjusting punch mechanism used for adjusting lower punching force according to the characteristics of the plate; the self-adjusting punch mechanism is connected with the upper die set, the clamping mechanism is arranged on the lower die set, the clamping mechanism comprises a threaded adjusting rod and a clamping positioning plate, and the clamping positioning plate is located on the surface of the lower die set. In the using process of the punching die, plates needing to be processed in batches can be pre-detected, so that the impact force is adjusted, it is guaranteed that punching operation can be completed, meanwhile, damage to the punch is reduced, the inner wall of a hole can be lubricated while punching operation is conducted, and the punching quality is improved. Therefore, the friction coefficient between the punch and a plate is reduced, the phenomenon that the punch generates heat due to friction is reduced, and the service life of the punch is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mold processing, and in particular to a punching mold for aluminum alloy processing production. Background Art

[0002] When aluminum alloy workpieces are produced and processed, they are often designed with mounting holes or positioning holes. This type of hole is often punched out by a punching die during production and manufacturing. In the actual punching die, the punch plays the role of punching.

[0003] However, when using a punch to punch a workpiece for a long time, position deviation may occur. First, when punching, there is friction between metals, and friction will generate heat. In addition, hard contact is required during punching. If heat is generated, the punch and the die may expand due to the increase in temperature, which will cause position deviation. Secondly, uneven or excessive impact force may cause deformation of the punch or die components, affecting their position accuracy. However, if the impact force is too small, it may not be able to effectively punch the position where the punching is required. At this time, the workpiece will be pulled apart, resulting in a large number of burrs in the hole. Different workpiece thicknesses require different punching forces. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is aimed at the technical problem that the existing technical solutions are too single, and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technologies. The embodiment of the present invention provides a punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production, so as to solve the technical problem that when the existing punching machine performs punching operation, the punch of the punching die does not match the workpiece to be processed due to the unchanged punching force, which makes the punch easily damaged.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production, including a lower die group and an upper die group, the lower die group is provided with a guide column, and also includes a clamping mechanism for limiting the plate to be processed, and a self-adjusting punch mechanism for adjusting the lower punch force according to the characteristics of the plate, the self-adjusting punch mechanism is connected to the upper die group, the clamping mechanism is arranged on the lower die group, the clamping mechanism includes a threaded adjustment rod and a clamping positioning plate, the clamping positioning plate is located on the surface of the lower die group, and the threaded adjustment rod is threadedly connected to the clamping positioning plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the self-adjusting punch mechanism includes a detection component, a regulating component and an automatic lubrication component. The regulating component includes a guide sleeve. A movable block and a resistance block are arranged in the guide sleeve. A buffer spring is arranged between the movable block and the resistance block.

[0007] Furthermore, the abutment block moves in one direction, and the position of the guide sleeve corresponds to the position of the guide post.

[0008] Furthermore, the detection component includes a connecting block, a connecting sleeve is provided below the connecting block, a matching sleeve is provided inside the connecting sleeve, a limiting plate is provided inside the matching sleeve, a connecting rod is provided above the limiting plate, the connecting rod is connected to the connecting block, a connecting spring is provided between the matching sleeve and the connecting block, a pressure plate is provided outside the matching sleeve, a hydraulic capsule is provided between the pressure plate and the matching sleeve, and a reset spring is provided between the pressure plate and the upper mold group, a hydraulic valve is provided beside the connecting block, a first connecting pipe is provided between the hydraulic valve and the connecting sleeve, a second connecting pipe is provided between the hydraulic valve and the hydraulic capsule, a connecting pipe is provided between the guide sleeve and the hydraulic valve, and an avoidance groove is provided on the pressure plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a through slot is provided on the limiting plate, the connecting block and the connecting sleeve are rotatably arranged between them, and the connecting rod passes through the matching sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the automatic lubrication assembly includes a punch assembly, a plurality of mounting holes are opened on the surface of the punch assembly, and a ball is arranged in each mounting hole, an elastic sleeve is arranged on one side of the ball, a through hole is opened on the elastic sleeve, a connecting rod is arranged beside the ball, and the connecting rod is located in the through hole, a slidable detection rod is arranged in the punch assembly, the connecting rod is in contact with the detection rod, a detector is arranged at the bottom of the detection rod, and a high-toughness spring is arranged between the detection rod and the punch assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the ball contacts the surface of the punch assembly in the initial stage, and the front end of the mounting hole is an arc-shaped hole and the rear end is a straight hole.

[0012] Furthermore, a certain distance is set between the ball and the end face of the punch assembly.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] First, during use, the existing fixed punch assembly is changed into a movable punch assembly, which is beneficial to the movable and adjustable punch assembly, and can detect the strength of the plate to be punched. At the same time, the thickness and strength of the plate are detected by pre-punching. The detection results of the thickness and strength are combined and summarized in the guide assembly by hydraulic means, and additional resistance is added to the guide assembly when it moves. Under the premise of not changing the punching force of the hydraulic press, the initial pressure remains unchanged due to the increased resistance of the mold when it is moving downward, so that the final punching force acting on the plate is variable, and the hydraulic press does not need to be adjusted, thereby reducing the requirement for adjusting the punching force when punching the aluminum alloy plate, so that during the punching process, the punching force and the pressure required by the plate are always in an adaptive state, effectively avoiding the phenomenon that the punching force is too large, causing the punch heat to rise too fast, or the punching force is too small, causing the plate to be unable to be effectively punched. In addition, during the punching process of the movable punch assembly, the state of the punch assembly is limited, thereby ensuring that the punch assembly can normally complete the punching function;

[0015] Secondly, during the punching process, since the self-adjusting punch mechanism is internally provided with an automatic lubrication component, the component can not only be used to detect the thickness of the sheet, but also, when performing batch punching, the ball inside the punch is in contact with the inner wall of the sheet, thereby achieving the effect of lubricating the inner wall of the hole (this can be a lubricant or a protective coolant, because some sheets may need to be coated with oil in the hole after the punching is completed to protect the hole. For this reason, the liquid inside the specific punch can be adjusted according to the needs of the punching workpiece. Since the inside is coated with liquid, there is no longer hard friction between the punch and the sheet, thereby reducing the heat generated during the friction process), thereby effectively improving the service life of the punch;

[0016] To sum up, during the use of the punching die, the plates that need to be processed in batches can be pre-inspected, so as to adjust the impact force to ensure that the punching operation can be completed while reducing the damage to the punch. Secondly, while punching, the inner wall of the hole can be lubricated, thereby reducing the friction coefficient between the punch and the plate, reducing the frictional heat generated by the punch, and increasing the service life of the punch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the lower module structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-adjusting punch mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the connecting sleeve of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the matching sleeve of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the punch of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Lower die set; 11. Guide column; 2. Self-adjusting punch mechanism; 21. Guide sleeve; 22. Connecting block; 23. Hydraulic valve; 24. First connecting pipe; 25. Second connecting pipe; 26. Return spring; 27. Hydraulic capsule; 28. Pressing plate; 29. ​​Connecting sleeve; 210. Limiting plate; 211. Matching sleeve; 212. Punch assembly; 213. Limiting block; 214. Connecting rod; 215. Detection rod; 216. Ball; 217. Elastic sleeve; 218. Detector; 219. Movable block; 220. Resistance block; 3. Clamping mechanism; 31. Threaded adjustment rod; 32. Clamping positioning plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0028] The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Combine the following Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production, including a lower die group 1 and an upper die group, the lower die group 1 is provided with a guide column 11, and also includes a clamping mechanism 3 for limiting the plate to be processed, and a self-adjusting punch mechanism 2 for adjusting the downward punch force according to the characteristics of the plate, the self-adjusting punch mechanism 2 is connected to the upper die group, the clamping mechanism 3 is arranged on the lower die group 1, the clamping mechanism 3 includes a threaded adjustment rod 31 and a clamping positioning plate 32, the clamping positioning plate 32 is located on the surface of the lower die group 1, and the threaded adjustment rod 31 and the clamping positioning plate 32 are threadedly connected.

[0033] During operation, the punching die can pre-detect the plates that need to be processed in batches, thereby adjusting the impact force to ensure that the punching operation can be completed while reducing damage to the punch. Secondly, while punching, the inner wall of the hole can be lubricated to reduce the friction coefficient between the punch and the plate, thereby reducing the frictional heat generated by the punch and increasing the service life of the punch.

[0034] Specifically, the self-adjusting punch mechanism 2 includes a detection component, a control component and an automatic lubrication component. The control component includes a guide sleeve 21. A movable block 219 and a resistance block 220 are arranged in the guide sleeve 21. A buffer spring is arranged between the movable block 219 and the resistance block 220.

[0035] Specifically, the abutment block 220 moves in one direction, and the position of the guide sleeve 21 corresponds to the position of the guide post 11 .

[0036] Specifically, the detection component includes a connecting block 22, a connecting sleeve 29 is arranged below the connecting block 22, a matching sleeve 211 is arranged inside the connecting sleeve 29, a limiting plate 210 is arranged inside the matching sleeve 211, a connecting rod 214 is arranged above the limiting plate 210, the connecting rod 214 is connected to the connecting block 22, a connecting spring is arranged between the matching sleeve 211 and the connecting block 22, a pressing plate 28 is arranged outside the matching sleeve 211, a hydraulic capsule 27 is arranged between the pressing plate 28 and the matching sleeve 211, and a reset spring 26 is arranged between the pressing plate 28 and the upper mold assembly, a hydraulic valve 23 is arranged on the side of the connecting block 22, a first connecting pipe 24 is arranged between the hydraulic valve 23 and the connecting sleeve 29, a second connecting pipe 25 is arranged between the hydraulic valve 23 and the hydraulic capsule 27, and a connecting pipe is arranged between the guide sleeve 21 and the hydraulic valve 23.

[0037] During operation, the liquid enters the guide sleeve 21 through the hydraulic valve 23 and the connecting pipe, and at this time, the movable block 219 is squeezed to displace the movable block 219, causing the buffer spring between the movable block 219 and the resistance block 220 to be squeezed. The more the buffer spring is squeezed, the greater the force required. For this reason, when the resistance block 220 is affected by the guide column 11 to rise and squeeze the buffer spring again, an upward resistance will be generated, thereby reducing the downward speed of the guide sleeve 21.

[0038] Specifically, a through slot is formed on the limiting plate 210 , the connecting block 22 and the connecting sleeve 29 are rotatably arranged therebetween, and the connecting rod 214 passes through the matching sleeve 211 .

[0039] Specifically, the automatic lubrication assembly includes a punch assembly 212, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the surface of the punch assembly 212, and a ball 216 is arranged in each mounting hole, an elastic sleeve 217 is provided on one side of the ball 216, a through hole is provided on the elastic sleeve 217, a connecting rod 214 is provided next to the ball 216, and the connecting rod 214 is located in the through hole, a slidable detection rod 215 is provided in the punch assembly 212, the connecting rod 214 is in contact with the detection rod 215, a detector 218 is provided at the bottom of the detection rod 215, a high-toughness spring is provided between the detection rod 215 and the punch assembly 212, and the contact surface between the connecting rod 214 and the detection rod 215 is an inclined surface or an arc surface, so that the detection rod 215 can be displaced under the action of the connecting rod 214. The elastic sleeve 217 is used to limit the position of the ball 216 . At this time, part of the entire surface of the elastic sleeve 217 is in contact with the ball 216 , while part of the entire surface is not in contact with the ball 216 , thereby ensuring that the liquid can contact the ball 216 .

[0040] Specifically, the ball 216 contacts the punch surface in the initial stage, the front end of the mounting hole is an arc-shaped hole and the rear end is a straight hole, and the pressure plate 28 is provided with an avoidance groove.

[0041] During operation, the ball 216 is not affected by the pressing plate 28 in its initial state, so that the ball 216 is in contact with the surface of the punch assembly 212, so that the liquid inside it will not flow out. The liquid will only flow out during operation.

[0042] Specifically, a certain distance is set between the ball 216 and the end surface of the punch assembly 212 .

[0043] When working, the punch assembly 212 can ensure the punch effect.

[0044] Working principle: When batch processing is performed on aluminum alloy plates, a plate is first taken out for pre-punching inspection. During pre-punching, the connecting block 22 is rotated, and the connecting block 22 rotates to drive the connecting rod 214 to rotate, and the connecting rod 214 rotates to drive the limit block 213 to rotate. At this time, the limit block 213 corresponds to the position of the through groove on the limit plate 210. At this time, the punching machine is started. During the punching process, the pressing plate 28 will contact the plate, and the punch assembly 212 will rush into the inside of the plate, so that the gap between the pressing plate 28 and the connecting sleeve 29 is reduced, thereby causing the hydraulic capsule 27 to be squeezed, and the liquid on its inner wall enters the hydraulic valve 23 through the second connecting pipe 25. At this time, when the punch enters the inside of the plate, due to the corresponding position of the through groove and the limit block 213, At this time, the punch assembly 212 will be affected by the plate and will first retract a distance, squeezing the connecting spring inside it. As the connecting spring is continuously squeezed, the greater the force it needs, the greater the reaction force the connecting spring brings to the matching sleeve 211. In the process of the punch assembly 212 driving the matching sleeve 211 to retract, the liquid in the connecting sleeve 29 will be squeezed to flow into the hydraulic valve 23 through the first connecting pipe 24. When the punch assembly 212 breaks through the strength of the workpiece and moves, it will no longer squeeze. At this time, the punch assembly 212 enters the inside of the plate. After entering the inside of the plate, the inner wall of the hole formed at this time will squeeze the ball 216, causing the ball 216 to move inward, forming a gap between the ball 216 and the punching assembly. In the process of the ball 216 moving inward, it will drive the connecting sleeve 29 to move. The connecting rod 214 is displaced, and the connecting rod 214 is displaced to contact the detection rod 215 to cause it to be displaced. At this time, the high-toughness spring on the detection rod 215 is stretched. When the punching is completed, the ball 216 is no longer in contact with the inner wall of the hole, indicating that the punch assembly 212 has completed the punching. At this time, the detector 218 detects it, so that the entire punching stroke can be judged. The pre-punching is completed, and the upper die group drives the mechanism to reset. At this time, the liquid entering the hydraulic valve 23 is injected between the guide sleeve 21 and the movable block 219 through the connecting pipe. At this time, the movable block 219 in the guide sleeve 21 is squeezed and displaced. At this time, the movable block 219 will be squeezed to displace the movable block 219, causing the buffer spring between the movable block 219 and the resistance block 220 to be squeezed. The more the buffer spring is squeezed, the more it needs to be. The force is getting bigger and bigger. Therefore, when the resistance block 220 is affected by the guide column 11 to rise and squeeze the buffer spring again, an upward resistance will be generated, thereby reducing the downward speed of the guide sleeve 21. In the subsequent punching process, the connecting block 22 is adjusted to reset it, and the limit block 213 is misaligned with the through slot. When punching is performed again, the punch assembly 212 no longer has the process of retraction, thereby completing a one-time punching, but the ball 216 will still change position (in the initial state, since the avoidance groove is opened in the pressure plate 28, the ball 216 and the pressure plate 28 are not in contact at this time, but during the punching process, the pressure plate 28 will continuously change position with the punch assembly 212, and the punch assembly 212 enters the inner wall of the plate, so the position changes).When rolling inward, the ball 216 in the spring sleeve contacts the inner wall and rolls in contact. In the rolling process, not only will part of the lubricating fluid roll out along the ball 216, but it will also flow out from the gap, thereby playing a role in lubricating the inner wall of the punch hole and reducing the friction between the punch and the plate when returning.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production, comprising a lower die set (1) and an upper die set, wherein the lower die set (1) is provided with a guide column (11), characterized in that: It also includes a clamping mechanism (3) for limiting the position of the plate to be processed, and a self-adjusting punch mechanism (2) for adjusting the downward punch force according to the characteristics of the plate, the self-adjusting punch mechanism (2) is connected to the upper die assembly, the clamping mechanism (3) is arranged on the lower die assembly (1), the clamping mechanism (3) includes a threaded adjustment rod (31) and a clamping positioning plate (32), the clamping positioning plate (32) is located on the surface of the lower die assembly (1), and the threaded adjustment rod (31) and the clamping positioning plate (32) are threadedly connected.

2. The punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production according to claim 1, characterized in that; The self-adjusting punch mechanism (2) comprises a detection component, a regulating component and an automatic lubrication component. The regulating component comprises a guide sleeve (21). A movable block (219) and a resistance block (220) are arranged in the guide sleeve (21). A buffer spring is arranged between the movable block (219) and the resistance block (220).

3. The punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The abutment block (220) moves in one direction, and the position of the guide sleeve (21) corresponds to the position of the guide post (11).

4. The punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection assembly comprises a connecting block (22), a connecting sleeve (29) is arranged below the connecting block (22), a matching sleeve (211) is arranged inside the connecting sleeve (29), a limiting plate (210) is arranged inside the matching sleeve (211), a connecting rod (214) is arranged above the limiting plate (210), the connecting rod (214) is connected to the connecting block (22), a connecting spring is arranged between the matching sleeve (211) and the connecting block (22), and the matching sleeve (211) A pressure plate (28) is arranged outside, a hydraulic bladder (27) is arranged between the pressure plate (28) and the matching sleeve (211), and a return spring (26) is arranged between the pressure plate (28) and the upper mold assembly, a hydraulic valve (23) is arranged beside the connecting block (22), a first connecting pipe (24) is arranged between the hydraulic valve (23) and the connecting sleeve (29), a second connecting pipe (25) is arranged between the hydraulic valve (23) and the hydraulic bladder (27), and an avoidance groove is opened on the pressure plate (28).

5. The punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production according to claim 4, characterized in that; The limit plate (210) is provided with a through slot, the connection block (22) and the connection sleeve (29) are rotatably arranged between them, the connection rod (214) passes through the matching sleeve (211), and a connecting pipe is arranged between the guide sleeve (21) and the hydraulic valve (23).

6. The punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production according to claim 2, characterized in that; The automatic lubrication component comprises a punch component (212), a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the surface of the punch component (212), and a ball (216) is arranged in each mounting hole, an elastic sleeve (217) is provided on one side of the ball (216), a through hole is provided on the elastic sleeve (217), a connecting rod (214) is provided on the side of the ball (216), and the connecting rod (214) is located in the through hole, a slidable detection rod (215) is provided in the punch component (212), the connecting rod (214) is in contact with the detection rod (215), a detector (218) is provided at the bottom of the detection rod (215), and a high-toughness spring is provided between the detection rod (215) and the punch component (212).

7. The punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production according to claim 6, characterized in that; The ball (216) contacts the surface of the punch assembly (212) in the initial stage, and the front end of the mounting hole is an arc-shaped hole and the rear end is a straight hole.

8. The punching die for aluminum alloy processing and production according to claim 6, characterized in that; The ball (216) is spaced a certain distance from the end surface of the punch assembly (212).

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