Casting mold point cooling structure design method and structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a casting mold point cooling structure design method and a casting mold point cooling structure. The casting mold point cooling structure design method comprises the following steps that the position where the shrinkage porosity risk is generated in the solidification process of an aluminum alloy product is determined; the point cooling hole position, the point cooling hole diameter range and the point cooling hole depth are determined; the width, the length and the sealing thread specification of the waterproof sheet are determined; determining the diameters of a water inlet channel and a water return channel; determining directions of a cooling water inlet channel and a water return channel. The point cooling layout can be realized when the installation space is insufficient or the original line cooling is interfered, the cooling is ensured to meet the process use requirement, and a new cooling design scheme is provided for casting the product shrinkage porosity defect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of casting moulds, and in particular to a design method and structure of a spot cooling structure of a casting mould. Background Art

[0002] During the solidification process of aluminum alloy products, the last solidified area is prone to lack of liquid metal replenishment and shrinkage defects. Cooling the casting mold is an effective measure to make the local molten metal solidify quickly and eliminate shrinkage defects. Mold cooling usually uses water as the cooling medium, and is divided into three types according to the cooling structure: spot cooling, line cooling, and surface cooling. The three cooling methods each have their own advantages, but are limited by the cooling structure and also have some limitations. Taking the highly targeted spot cooling as an example, the commonly used spot cooling structure consists of a spot cooling bottom hole, a spot cooling pipe, a spot cooler body, a water inlet channel, and a water return channel. It requires a certain amount of installation space. This structure of point cooling cannot meet the process requirements when there is insufficient installation space for the cooling circuit or when the spot cooling point and line cooling interfere with each other. The product is prone to shrinkage risks. In summary, the cooling structure of the prior art is often unable to meet the process requirements in actual applications due to mold structure limitations, and the main technical defects are as follows:

[0003] 1. Spatial conflict: The newly added spot cooling holes may overlap with the existing line cooling channels, making it impossible to implement directly. Common coping methods include blocking the mobile line cooling channel and then adding spot cooling, or drilling holes in the line cooling channel and then blocking the process holes. However, these methods are complicated and risky to operate, and will also cause the cooling water to be unable to circulate in the spot cooling holes, seriously affecting the cooling effect.

[0004] 2. Insufficient space: When designing the spot cooling of the moving and fixed molds, there is often a situation where the height space is insufficient, which cannot meet the design requirements of the spot cooling water inlet and return, resulting in the inability to install and use the spot cooling.

[0005] These technical defects severely limit the application scope and effect of spot cooling technology, and improvements are urgently needed to enhance its applicability and effectiveness in mold cooling. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a casting mold spot cooling structure design method and structure in response to the defects in the prior art, which can realize the spot cooling layout when the installation space is insufficient or interferes with the original line cooling, ensuring that the cooling meets the process requirements, and providing a new cooling design solution for the shrinkage defects of casting products.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: the present invention provides a method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold, comprising the following steps: determining the location where shrinkage risks occur during solidification of aluminum alloy products; determining the location of the spot cooling holes, the diameter range of the spot cooling holes and the depth of the spot cooling holes; confirming the width of the baffle, the length of the baffle, and the specifications of the sealing threads of the baffle; determining the diameters of the water inlet channel and the water return channel; and determining the directions of the cooling water inlet channel and the water return channel.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the position of the aluminum alloy product that is prone to shrinkage risk during solidification includes: simulating and confirming the shrinkage risk position that cannot be compensated for the last solidification during the casting process based on casting solidification simulation software.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the location of the spot cooling hole includes: setting a spot cooling structure at a mold position closest to the shrinkage risk point, with the spot cooling direction being perpendicular or parallel to the mold opening direction.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the diameter range of the spot cooling hole includes: selecting the spot cooling hole diameter according to the volume of the shrinkage point, and the spot cooling hole diameter is a commonly used drilling specification such as 8mm, 10mm, 12mm or 14mm.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the spot cooling hole depth includes: setting the spot cooling hole opening on the mold mounting surface, and the distance from the spot cooling bottom hole to the mounting surface is the spot cooling hole depth.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of confirming the width of the water barrier comprises: setting the width of the water barrier to the diameter of the spot cooling bottom hole minus 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of confirming the length of the waterproof plate includes: setting the length of the waterproof plate to satisfy 1 / 2 of the spot cooling hole diameter size < spot cooling hole depth - waterproof plate length < spot cooling hole diameter size.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of confirming the sealing thread specifications of the watertight plate includes: the sealing thread specifications of the watertight plate correspond to the national standard tapered thread bottom hole requirements, and the outer diameter of the external thread is larger than the spot cooling hole diameter.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the water inlet channel is set equal to the diameter of the water return channel, and πd 2 / 4≤πD2 / 4*1 / 2-1.5D, where d is the water inlet channel diameter and D is the cold hole bottom hole diameter.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the waterproof plate sealing thread specifications includes: the waterproof plate sealing thread specifications correspond to the national standard tapered thread bottom hole requirements, and the outer diameter of the external thread is larger than the spot cooling hole diameter.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the direction of the cooling water inlet channel and the water return channel includes: ensuring that the channel passes through the spot cooling hole, and the direction of the channel is perpendicular or parallel to the four corners of the mold; or when the spot cooling hole is set on the original line cooling channel, the original channel is used as the inlet and return water reverse to determine the size of the spot cooling hole.

[0018] The present invention also discloses a spot cooling structure, which includes a spot cooling bottom hole, a diverter water baffle with a threaded sealing function arranged in the spot cooling bottom hole, a water inlet channel connected to the spot cooling bottom hole, and a water return channel connected to the point cooling bottom hole; wherein, cooling water enters from the water inlet channel, passes through the diverter water baffle to reach the bottom of the spot cooling bottom hole, and then flows out from the other side, and is discharged from the mold through the water return channel to form a cooling channel.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides an innovative design method and structure of a spot cooling structure for a casting mold, which has significant technical effects. First, the design cleverly solves the problem of insufficient installation space height by changing the inlet and return water method of cooling water, so that the spot cooling structure can adapt to more mold design situations. This improvement greatly improves the application flexibility of the spot cooling structure, so that it can still be effectively implemented under space constraints.

[0020] Secondly, the design method of the present invention fully considers the interference problems that may be encountered in actual production. When the newly added point cooling interferes with the original line cooling, the method allows the original line cooling channel to be directly used as the water inlet and outlet channels. This innovative design not only simplifies the transformation process, but also ensures that the cooling effect is not affected, while also improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention optimizes the location and size of the spot cooling holes and the design parameters of the water-blocking plate by combining precise calculations with empirical data. This refined design method ensures the maximum cooling effect while also taking into account the integrity of the mold structure and the feasibility of processing. In particular, when determining the location and size of the spot cooling holes, the limitation of the mold wall thickness is fully considered, effectively avoiding the risk of mold cracking due to excessively thin wall thickness.

[0022] Finally, the design method of the present invention is based on casting solidification simulation software, which can accurately locate the shrinkage risk area, thereby achieving precise cooling. This data-driven method greatly improves the design efficiency and accuracy of the spot cooling structure, helps to improve the overall quality of the casting and reduce the defect rate.

[0023] In general, the casting mold spot cooling structure design method and structure of the present invention not only solve the space limitation and interference problems in the traditional spot cooling design, but also significantly improve the cooling effect and casting quality by optimizing the design parameters and using simulation technology. This innovative design provides an efficient, flexible and accurate cooling solution for the aluminum alloy casting industry, with broad application prospects and significant economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the diversion water-blocking sheet of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a side view of the diversion water barrier of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure, 1-point cold bottom hole; 2-diverter water-blocking plate; 3-water inlet channel; 4-water return channel; 21-water-blocking plate body; 22-threaded sealing end; 23-installation wrench position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold, and the specific steps thereof include:

[0031] Step 1: Determine the locations where shrinkage risk may occur during solidification of aluminum alloy products; use casting solidification simulation software (such as MAGMAsoftware) to simulate and confirm the shrinkage risk locations where shrinkage cannot be compensated during the last solidification of the casting process.

[0032] Step 2: Determine the location of the spot cooling hole, the diameter range of the spot cooling hole and the depth of the spot cooling hole; set up the spot cooling structure at the mold position closest to the shrinkage risk point. To facilitate processing, the spot cooling direction is generally perpendicular or parallel to the mold opening direction. To avoid cracking in the later stage caused by too thin mold wall thickness, according to production experience, the spot cooling hole is recommended to be 15-20mm away from the mold cavity wall thickness, and ≥8mm away from the non-cavity wall thickness; select the spot cooling hole diameter according to the shrinkage point volume within the required wall thickness range. The larger the shrinkage volume, the larger the spot cooling hole diameter is required. The spot cooling effect is affected by many factors such as the spot cooling hole size and the cooling start time. At present, it can only be selected based on experience. Common specifications are 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm and other common drilling sizes; the spot cooling hole opening is set on the mold mounting surface for easy disassembly, and the distance from the spot cooling bottom hole to the mounting surface is the spot cooling hole depth.

[0033] Step 3: Confirm the width, length and sealing thread specifications of the baffle. In this cooling structure, the baffle is installed in the middle of the spot cooling hole. The baffle needs to meet the requirements of no interference when installed into the spot cooling hole and the width fits the bottom hole to ensure that the water flows downstream. Production verification found that the width dimension meets the requirements when the baffle width dimension = spot cooling bottom hole 1 diameter (-0.2, -0.4) mm. The baffle length is required to meet the requirements of 1 / 2 spot cooling hole diameter ≤ spot cooling hole depth - baffle length ≤ spot cooling hole diameter. The baffle sealing thread specifications correspond to the national standard tapered thread bottom hole requirements, and the outer diameter of the external thread is larger than the spot cooling hole diameter. For the description of the baffle structure, please refer to the attached Figure 2-3 .

[0034] Step 4: Determine the diameter of the water inlet / return channel 4; in this cooling structure, the diameter of the water inlet channel 3 = the diameter of the water return channel 4, which is easy to process; the cooling channel as a whole needs to meet the principle that the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the water inlet channel 3 is less than or equal to the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the water return channel 4. In this structure, the channel before entering the point cooling bottom hole 1 corresponds to "water inlet", and the single-side channel in the point cooling bottom hole 1 corresponds to "water return". The calculation formula is expressed as πd 2 / 4≤πD2 / 4*1 / 2-1.5D

[0035] Where d is the diameter of the water inlet channel 3, and D is the diameter of the bottom hole of the cold hole. The diameter of the water inlet channel 3 / return channel 4 is determined based on this formula.

[0036] Step 5: Determine the direction of the cooling water inlet channel 3 and the return water channel 4; ensure that the channel passes through the spot cooling hole, and the channel direction is recommended to be perpendicular or parallel to the four corners of the mold; if the spot cooling hole is set on the original line cooling channel, use the original channel as the inlet and return water to determine the size of the spot cooling hole.

[0037] The spot cooling structure of the present invention is composed of a spot cooling bottom hole 1, a flow dividing water barrier 2 with a thread sealing function, a water inlet channel 3, and a water return channel 4. Figure 2As shown, cooling water enters from the water inlet channel 3, reaches the bottom of the spot cooling hole through the diverter baffle 2, and then flows out from the other side, and is discharged from the mold through the return channel 4 to form a cooling channel. This structure avoids the problem of insufficient installation space height by changing the cooling water inlet and return mode. At the same time, when the newly added spot cooling and the original line cooling interfere, the original line cooling channel can be directly used as the inlet and outlet water channel, which also achieves the desired cooling effect. The diverter baffle 2 includes a baffle body 21, a threaded sealing end 22, and an installation wrench position 23.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0040] The above is only a specific implementation of the flow dividing water barrier 2 with threaded sealing function of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in this article can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown in this article, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the application herein.

Claims

1. A method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the location of shrinkage risk during solidification of aluminum alloy products; Determine the location, diameter range and depth of the spot cooling holes; confirm the width, length and sealing thread specifications of the baffles; determine the diameter of the water inlet and return channels; determine the direction of the cooling water inlet and return channels.

2. The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the position of the aluminum alloy product that is prone to shrinkage risk during solidification includes: simulating and confirming the shrinkage risk position that cannot be compensated for the last solidification in the casting process based on the casting solidification simulation software.

3. The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the position of the spot cooling hole includes: setting a spot cooling structure at a mold position closest to the shrinkage risk point, with the spot cooling direction being perpendicular or parallel to the mold opening direction.

4. The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the diameter range of the spot cooling hole includes: selecting the spot cooling hole diameter according to the volume of the shrinkage point, and the spot cooling hole diameter is 8mm, 10mm, 12mm or 14mm.

5. The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the depth of the spot cooling hole includes: setting the spot cooling hole opening on the mold installation surface, and the distance from the spot cooling bottom hole to the installation surface is the spot cooling hole depth.

6. The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of confirming the width of the water barrier includes setting the water barrier width dimension to the spot cooling bottom hole diameter minus 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

7. The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of confirming the length of the water-blocking plate includes: setting the length of the water-blocking plate to satisfy 1 / 2 of the spot cooling hole diameter size < spot cooling hole depth - water-blocking plate length < spot cooling hole diameter size.

8. The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1, wherein The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1 is characterized in that the step of determining the specification of the sealing thread of the water barrier comprises: the specification of the sealing thread of the water barrier corresponds to the requirement of the bottom hole of the national standard taper thread, the outer diameter of the external thread is greater than the diameter of the spot cooling hole, and the step of determining the diameter of the water inlet channel and the water return channel comprises: setting the diameter of the water inlet channel equal to the diameter of the water return channel, and satisfying πd 2 / 4≤πD2 / 4*1 / 2-1.5D, where d is the water inlet channel diameter and D is the cold hole bottom hole diameter.

9. The method for designing a spot cooling structure of a casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of determining the direction of the cooling water inlet channel and the water return channel include: ensuring that the channel passes through the spot cooling hole, and the direction of the channel is perpendicular or parallel to the four corners of the mold; or when the spot cooling hole is set on the original line cooling channel, the original channel is used as the reverse direction of the water inlet and return to determine the size of the spot cooling hole.

10. A spot cooling structure, characterized in that: It includes a point cooling bottom hole, a diverter water-blocking plate with a threaded sealing function arranged in the point cooling bottom hole, a water inlet channel connected to the point cooling bottom hole, and a water return channel connected to the point cooling bottom hole; wherein, cooling water enters from the water inlet channel, passes through the diverter water-blocking plate to reach the bottom of the point cooling bottom hole, and then flows out from the other side, and is discharged from the mold through the water return channel to form a cooling channel.

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