Ship welding process and ship body

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ships, and discloses a ship welding process and a ship body. The welding gun is applied to a T-shaped connector with the welding leg height being 5 mm through the ship welding technology, and the ship welding technology comprises the following steps that S1, the welding gun conducts arcing welding according to preset arcing parameters; when flat fillet welding is adopted, the preset arcing parameters comprise the following parameters that the arcing current is 260 A, the arcing voltage is 23.8 V, and the arcing wire feeding speed is 11000 mm / min; when vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset arcing parameters comprise the following parameters: the arcing current is 170A, the arcing voltage is 22V, and the arcing wire feeding speed is 5000mm / min; s2, a welding gun conducts standard welding according to preset welding parameters; s3, the welding gun conducts arc quenching welding according to preset arc quenching parameters; in the step S1, the step S2 and the step S3, the welding gun swings according to preset swing parameters so as to form a weld leg with the weld leg height of 5 mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a ship welding process and a ship hull. Background Art

[0002] At present, robots are widely used in ship hull welding. Compared with traditional manual welding, using robots to weld ship hull structures has advantages such as high efficiency and stable quality. However, robots do not have the same adaptive capabilities as welding workers. For example, they cannot collect factors such as groove changes and provide real-time feedback control. The above factors make the robot-specific welding process extremely complicated.

[0003] Furthermore, arc welding is the first step in the welding process, and the success of arc welding is directly related to the quality and efficiency of the entire welding process. However, in actual operation, if the appropriate arc starting parameters are not selected, it will often lead to various defects in the arc welding part, such as incomplete penetration at the arc starting position, smooth transition, unsightly shape, and high weld height, which seriously affect the strength and reliability of the welded joint.

[0004] Based on this, a ship welding process and a hull are urgently needed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ship welding process and a hull, which realizes the automatic welding of T-joints with a weld foot height of 5 mm by a robotic arm, ensures stable weld quality, and increases the welding speed by more than 20% compared with manual welding.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, a ship welding process is provided, wherein a welding gun is arranged on a robot arm, and the welding gun is applied to a T-joint with a welding leg height of 5 mm using the ship welding process, and the ship welding process comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1, the welding gun starts arc welding according to the preset arc starting parameters;

[0009] When flat fillet welding is used, the preset arc starting parameters include the following parameters: arc starting current is 260A, arc starting voltage is 23.8V, and arc starting wire feeding speed is 11000mm / min;

[0010] When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc starting parameters include the following parameters: arc starting current is 170A, arc starting voltage is 22V, arc starting wire feeding speed is 5000mm / min;

[0011] S2, the welding gun performs standard welding according to the preset welding parameters;

[0012] S3, the welding gun performs arc extinguishing welding according to the preset arc extinguishing parameters;

[0013] In step S1, step S2 and step S3, the welding gun is swung according to preset swung parameters to form a weld foot with a weld foot height of 5 mm.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution for a ship welding process, in step S2, when flat fillet welding is adopted, the preset welding parameters include the following parameters: welding current is 280A, welding voltage is 27V, welding speed is 9.5mm / s, and wire feeding speed is 12000mm / min;

[0015] When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset welding parameters include the following parameters: welding current is 180A, welding voltage is 23.5V, welding speed is 5mm / s, and wire feeding speed is 6400mm / min.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution for a ship welding process, when flat fillet welding is used, the preset swing parameters include the following parameters: the swing form is "Z-shaped", the swing frequency is 1.5 Hz, the swing amplitude is 2 mm, and the swing limit position dwell time is 0;

[0017] When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset swing parameters include the following parameters: the swing form is "Z-shaped", the swing frequency is 2 Hz, the swing amplitude is 2.5 mm, and the swing limit position dwell time is 0.6 s.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution for a ship welding process, when flat fillet welding is adopted, the preset swing parameters also include that the angle between the axis of the welding gun and the horizontal plane is 45°, and the axis of the welding gun is perpendicular to the weld;

[0019] When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset swing parameters also include that the posture of the welding gun is push welding, the angle between the axis of the welding gun and the horizontal plane is 15°, and the axis of the welding gun is located on the bisector of the angle between the two welding plates.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution for a ship welding process, in step S3, when flat fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc extinction parameters include the following parameters: arc extinction current is 220A, arc extinction voltage is 22V, arc extinction wire feeding speed is 8000mm / min;

[0021] When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc extinguishing parameters include the following parameters: arc extinguishing current is 155A, arc extinguishing voltage is 20V, and arc extinguishing wire feeding speed is 4500mm / min.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution for a ship welding process, in steps S1, S2 and S3, a shielding gas is sprayed on the welding part, and the flow rate of the shielding gas is 15L / min-25L / min.

[0023] As an optimal technical solution for a ship welding process, the start time of supplying the shielding gas is 1 second before arc starting welding, and the end time of supplying the shielding gas is 1.5 seconds after arc extinguishing welding.

[0024] As an optimal technical solution for a ship welding process, the shielding gas is CO2.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution for a ship welding process, the weld gap between the two welding plates is 0-2 mm.

[0026] On the other hand, a hull is provided, which is welded by the ship welding process described in any of the above schemes.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] The present invention provides a ship welding process and a hull. When welding a T-type joint with a welding angle height of 5mm, the welding gun on the mechanical arm performs arc welding according to the preset arc starting parameters; when flat angle welding is adopted, the preset arc starting parameters include the following parameters: arc starting current is 260A, arc starting voltage is 23.8V, and arc starting wire feeding speed is 11000mm / min; when vertical angle welding is adopted, the preset arc starting parameters include the following parameters: arc starting current is 170A, arc starting voltage is 22V, and arc starting wire feeding speed is 5000mm / min; then, the welding gun performs standard welding according to the preset welding parameters; finally, the welding gun performs arc extinguishing welding according to the preset arc extinguishing parameters; in the above welding process, the welding gun swings according to the preset swinging parameters to form a weld foot with a weld foot height of 5mm. The welding gun on the mechanical arm can form a T-type joint with a weld foot height of 5mm by adopting the above ship welding process, ensure the stable quality of the weld, and the welding speed is increased by more than 20% compared with manual welding.

[0029] Furthermore, performing arc starting welding according to the above-mentioned preset arc starting parameters can ensure a smooth transition of the weld foot at the arc starting welding position, ensure the aesthetics of the arc starting position, and make the weld foot at the arc starting position fully formed, thereby improving the strength and reliability of the weld foot.

[0030] Finally, the welding gun on the robotic arm can swing during welding. Even if the groove changes, the welding gun can cover the weld when swinging, which can ensure the welding quality of the weld and achieve the effect of weld correction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of a ship welding process provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a front view of a welding gun provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention using flat fillet welding;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the angle of the welding gun provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention using a flat fillet welding gun relative to the weld;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a top view of a welding gun provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention using vertical fillet welding;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the angle of the welding gun relative to the weld when the welding gun provided by the specific embodiment of the present invention adopts vertical fillet welding.

[0037] The following are marked in the figure:

[0038] 1. Welding plate; 11. Welding seam; 2. Welding gun. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0042] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0043] In the prior art, arc welding is the first step in the welding process, and the success of arc welding is directly related to the quality and efficiency of the entire welding process. However, in actual operation, if the appropriate arc starting parameters are not selected, it will often lead to various defects in the arc starting welding part, such as incomplete penetration at the arc starting position, inability to smoothly transition, unsightly forming, and high weld excess height, which seriously affect the strength and reliability of the welded joint.

[0044] To solve the above problems, Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a ship welding process, the welding gun 2 is arranged on the robot arm, and the welding gun 2 is applied to a T-joint with a welding leg height of 5 mm using the ship welding process. The ship welding process includes the following steps:

[0045] S1 and welding gun 2 start arc welding according to the preset arc starting parameters; when flat fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc starting parameters include the following parameters: arc starting current is 260A, arc starting voltage is 23.8V, and arc starting wire feeding speed is 11000mm / min; when vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc starting parameters include the following parameters: arc starting current is 170A, arc starting voltage is 22V, and arc starting wire feeding speed is 5000mm / min; arc welding is performed according to the above preset arc starting parameters, which can ensure smooth transition of the weld leg at the arc starting welding part, ensure the aesthetics of the arc starting part, and the weld leg at the arc starting part is fully formed, thereby improving the strength and reliability of the weld leg.

[0046] S2, welding gun 2 performs standard welding according to preset welding parameters;

[0047] S3, welding gun 2 performs arc extinguishing welding according to preset arc extinguishing parameters;

[0048] In step S1, step S2 and step S3, the welding gun 2 swings according to preset swing parameters to form a weld foot with a weld foot height of 5 mm; the welding gun 2 on the robotic arm can swing during welding, and even if the groove changes, the welding gun 2 can cover the weld 11 when swinging, thereby ensuring the welding quality of the weld 11 and achieving the effect of correcting the weld 11.

[0049] The welding gun 2 on the robot arm of this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned ship welding process to form a T-joint with a weld foot height of 5 mm, ensuring the stable quality of the weld 11, and the welding speed is increased by more than 20% compared with manual welding.

[0050] Preferably, in step S2, when flat fillet welding is adopted, the preset welding parameters include the following parameters: welding current is 280A, welding voltage is 27V, welding speed is 9.5mm / s, and wire feeding speed is 12000mm / min; when vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset welding parameters include the following parameters: welding current is 180A, welding voltage is 23.5V, welding speed is 5mm / s, and wire feeding speed is 6400mm / min. The robot arm performs standard welding according to the above preset welding parameters, and can form a weld foot with a weld foot height of 5mm, and the weld 11 is of high quality, and can smoothly transition with the arc welding part, so that the hardness of the heat-affected zone meets the requirements, and the weld 11 is prevented from cracking.

[0051] Further, when flat fillet welding is adopted, the preset swing parameters include the following parameters: the swing form is "Z-shaped", the swing frequency is 1.5Hz, the swing amplitude is 2mm, and the swing limit position dwell time is 0; when vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset swing parameters include the following parameters: the swing form is "Z-shaped", the swing frequency is 2Hz, the swing amplitude is 2.5mm, and the swing limit position dwell time is 0.6s. The above preset swing parameters are adopted for swing welding, and regular lateral swings are performed on the weld 11, so that the welding energy is more evenly distributed on the weld 11, thereby improving the uniformity of the weld 11. Swing welding can form a good fusion between the weld 11 and the welding plate 1, thereby improving the strength and stability of the welding.

[0052] In this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when flat fillet welding is used, the preset swing parameters also include that the angle between the axis of the welding gun 2 and the horizontal plane is 45°, and the axis of the welding gun 2 is perpendicular to the weld 11; Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, when vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset swing parameters also include that the posture of the welding gun 2 is push welding, the angle between the axis of the welding gun 2 and the horizontal plane is 15°, and the axis of the welding gun 2 is located on the angle bisector of the angle between the two welding plates 1, wherein the two welding plates 1 are vertical, and the angle between the axis of the welding gun 2 and the two welding plates 1 is 45°. The appropriate angle of the welding gun 2 helps to reduce defects such as undercut and slag inclusion generated during welding, improve the forming quality of the weld 11 and improve welding efficiency.

[0053] Furthermore, in step S3, when flat fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc extinction parameters include the following parameters: arc extinction current is 220A, arc extinction voltage is 22V, and arc extinction wire feeding speed is 8000mm / min; when vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc extinction parameters include the following parameters: arc extinction current is 155A, arc extinction voltage is 20V, and arc extinction wire feeding speed is 4500mm / min. Arc extinction welding is performed according to the above preset arc extinction parameters. The arc is stable during the arc extinction process, ensuring that the arc pit of the arc extinction welding part is filled, and preventing defects such as looseness, cracks, pores or slag inclusions from occurring in the arc extinction welding part.

[0054] Preferably, in step S1, step S2 and step S3, the welding part is sprayed with shielding gas, and the gas flow rate of shielding gas is 15L / min-25L / min. By spraying shielding gas, the weld 11 area can be isolated from oxygen and moisture in the air, thereby preventing oxidation and corrosion of high-temperature metal. This can not only maintain the metal composition and performance of the weld 11, but also reduce the generation of welding defects such as pores and cracks, and improve the corrosion resistance and durability of the weld 11. The shielding gas can also play a certain protective role on the welding gun 2, reduce equipment damage caused by high temperature and oxidation, and extend the service life of the equipment. In this embodiment, the shielding gas is CO2.

[0055] Further preferably, the shielding gas supply starts 1 second before arc welding, which can ensure that the air in the nozzle is exhausted, and the welding part is within the protection range of the shielding gas at the beginning of welding, reducing the impact of air on welding quality; the shielding gas supply ends 1.5 seconds after arc welding, and the shielding gas can cool and protect the welding point after welding stops. This embodiment improves the quality of the welding part while ensuring welding efficiency.

[0056] In this embodiment, the gap of the weld 11 between the two welding plates 1 is 0-2mm, and the thickness of the welding plate 1 is 3mm-16mm. Before welding, the area to be welded should be cleaned to ensure that there is no impurities such as oil, moisture, rust, etc. The welding wire in this embodiment uses a flux-cored wire with a diameter of 1.2mm.

[0057] This embodiment also provides a hull, which is welded and formed by the above-mentioned ship welding process, the weld 11 is formed to be qualified, the weld foot height is 5mm-6mm and meets the requirements, and the weld foot has no defects such as pores, undercuts, inclusions, cracks, etc. The robot adopts the above-mentioned ship welding process, which not only significantly improves the forming quality, but also increases the speed by more than 20% compared with the traditional welding method.

[0058] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ship welding process, characterized in that: A welding gun (2) is arranged on a mechanical arm, and the welding gun (2) is applied to a T-joint with a welding leg height of 5 mm using the ship welding process. The ship welding process comprises the following steps: S1, welding gun (2) performs arc welding according to preset arc starting parameters; When flat fillet welding is used, the preset arc starting parameters include the following parameters: arc starting current is 260A, arc starting voltage is 23.8V, and arc starting wire feeding speed is 11000mm / min; When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc starting parameters include the following parameters: arc starting current is 170A, arc starting voltage is 22V, arc starting wire feeding speed is 5000mm / min; S2, welding gun (2) performs standard welding according to preset welding parameters; S3, the welding gun (2) performs arc extinguishing welding according to preset arc extinguishing parameters; In step S1, step S2 and step S3, the welding gun (2) is swung according to preset swung parameters to form a weld foot with a weld foot height of 5 mm.

2. The ship welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when flat fillet welding is used, the preset welding parameters include the following parameters: welding current is 280A, welding voltage is 27V, welding speed is 9.5mm / s, and wire feeding speed is 12000mm / min; When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset welding parameters include the following parameters: welding current is 180A, welding voltage is 23.5V, welding speed is 5mm / s, and wire feeding speed is 6400mm / min.

3. The ship welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: When flat fillet welding is used, the preset swing parameters include the following parameters: the swing form is "Z-shaped", the swing frequency is 1.5Hz, the swing amplitude is 2mm, and the swing limit position dwell time is 0; When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset swing parameters include the following parameters: the swing form is "Z-shaped", the swing frequency is 2 Hz, the swing amplitude is 2.5 mm, and the swing limit position dwell time is 0.6 s.

4. The ship welding process according to claim 3, characterized in that: When flat fillet welding is used, the preset swing parameters also include that the angle between the axis of the welding gun (2) and the horizontal plane is 45°, and the axis of the welding gun (2) is perpendicular to the weld (11); When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset swing parameters also include that the posture of the welding gun (2) is push welding, the angle between the axis of the welding gun (2) and the horizontal plane is 15°, and the axis of the welding gun (2) is located on the bisector of the angle between the two welding plates (1).

5. The ship welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when flat fillet welding is used, the preset arc extinction parameters include the following parameters: arc extinction current is 220A, arc extinction voltage is 22V, and arc extinction wire feeding speed is 8000mm / min; When vertical fillet welding is adopted, the preset arc extinguishing parameters include the following parameters: arc extinguishing current is 155A, arc extinguishing voltage is 20V, and arc extinguishing wire feeding speed is 4500mm / min.

6. The ship welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, step S2 and step S3, the welding position is sprayed with a shielding gas, and the flow rate of the shielding gas is 15L / min-25L / min.

7. The ship welding process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The supply of the shielding gas starts 1 second before arc-starting welding, and ends 1.5 seconds after arc-extinguishing welding.

8. The ship welding process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective gas is CO2.

9. The ship welding process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap of the weld (11) between the two welding plates (1) is 0-2 mm.

10. A hull, characterized in that: The hull is welded by the ship welding process according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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