Machining process for machining multiple high-precision sliding block type parts

Abstract

The machining technology for machining the multiple high-precision sliding block type parts comprises the following steps that S1, a material is roughly milled, and a square block material is obtained; s2, according to machining requirements, defining an end face with more machining elements as a large end face and an end face with less machining elements as a small end face, and firstly machining the large end face; s3, the materials are turned over and placed on a first clamp, and small end face machining is conducted; and S4, the materials are placed on a second clamp to be subjected to fine treatment. By means of the clamp, the same tool machining track can be combined, the tool changing frequency and the idle stroke distance are reduced, the machining time of a single product is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, the clamp is simple in structure and convenient to operate, multiple products can be machined through one-time clamping, the part size precision and the form and location tolerance can be better guaranteed, and the labor intensity of workers is relieved. Consistency of part position precision is improved, cutter abrasion is relieved, and cutter consumption is reduced. The problems that existing sliding block type parts are low in machining efficiency, not high in positioning accuracy and complex in operation are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0004] The invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular relates to a processing technology for processing multiple high-precision sliding block parts. Background Art

[0005] Slider parts must meet the requirements of guiding accuracy, ensuring matching accuracy and stability, controlling load and vibration, etc. in mechanical movement. These requirements together constitute high standards and high requirements for the accuracy of part size and position. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the slider material is TC4. The initial blank of the part being processed is a small square sheet. The traditional vise clamping is often used. The vise jaws clamp the two end faces of the part, and the bottom face is ironed to complete the fine milling of the hexagon as a reference. The first face is fine milled in the same clamping method, and then the second face is processed to complete the part processing in sequence. However, when processing the second face, it is affected by the dimensional position accuracy. It is necessary to manually correct the parallelism error of the upper and lower planes of the part within 0.02mm, which requires a very high skill level of the operator. In addition, the size of the part clamping force, the cutting force during processing, the cutting heat, etc. are all It will cause problems such as deformation of parts, often resulting in the part size and position accuracy being at the limit or out-of-tolerance state, resulting in a low part qualification rate and it is difficult to ensure the consistency of processing quality. In addition, when processing the slider arc surface, a ball head tool is often used to complete the arc surface processing. Due to the fact that the cutting speed of the ball head tool is zero, the residual height is affected when processing the arc surface, and the tool vibration causes the tool to wear sharply, the parts are not only processed in a low efficiency, but also have a large tool consumption and the labor intensity of the operators is very high. In response to this situation, a processing technology method for processing multiple high-precision slider parts was invented. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts to solve the problems of low processing efficiency, low positioning accuracy and complex operation of existing slider parts.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, rough milling materials to obtain block materials;

[0009] S2. According to the processing requirements, the end face with more processing elements is defined as the large end face, and the end face with fewer processing elements is defined as the small end face. The large end face is processed first;

[0010] S3, turning over the material and placing it on the first fixture to perform small end surface processing;

[0011] S4, placing the material on the second fixture for fine processing. Fine processing here refers to the processing of the independent curved surface structure, that is, the processing of the part that needs to replace the tool.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0013] The large end face dimensions D1, D2, D3 and D4 are in the same machining surface feature and are processed synchronously to ensure the consistency of dimensional position accuracy. A 0.1 mm margin is reserved on one side of the outer dimensions E2 and E4.

[0014] The first clamp includes a first clamp body, a pressure plate, and a pressure plate fixing screw. The first clamp body includes a first station, a second station, a third station, and a fourth station. The first station, the second station, the third station, and the fourth station are all provided with a first positioning screw hole. The first station and the second station are provided with a pressure plate and a pressure plate fixing screw.

[0015] The small end surface processing includes processing outer dimensions E2 and E4.

[0016] The refinement process is used to process the cambered surface size E6.

[0017] The second clamp includes a second clamp body and a second positioning screw hole.

[0018] The first clamp is physically provided with a first calibration base surface.

[0019] The second clamp is physically provided with a first calibration base surface.

[0020] The coordinate system for the small end face machining is established at the center position of the fixture. In the X direction, the tool setter is used to align the plane C position and then offset the value of the tool setter radius plus a dimension A1 value. In the Y direction, the tool setter is used to align the plane C1 and then offset the value of the tool setter radius plus a dimension A2 value. The Z direction coordinate is established on the upper end face C2 of the fixture, and the determination of the machining coordinate system is completed in sequence.

[0021] The refined processing coordinate system is input after the X direction is offset by a dimension F1 after aligning the plane C4 position with the tool setting probe; the Y direction is input after the Y direction is offset by a tool setting probe radius value after aligning the plane C3 with the tool setting probe; the Z direction coordinate is established on the large end surface, and the determination of the processing coordinate system is completed in sequence.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The processing technology of processing multiple high-precision slider parts of the present invention can merge the same tool processing trajectory during program editing, reduce the number of tool changes and idle travel distance, thereby shortening the processing time of a single product and improving production efficiency. At the same time, the fixture has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can process multiple products at one time, which can better ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape and position tolerance of the parts, reduce the labor intensity, and increase the qualified rate of parts by 100%. It can be freely combined according to the size of the fixture blank, the size of the workpiece and the production rhythm, and a multi-station design can be used to process multiple workpieces simultaneously, which will greatly improve the consistency of the dimensional accuracy and position accuracy of the parts, slow down the wear of the tool, reduce the consumption of the tool, and improve the processing efficiency. It solves the problems of low processing efficiency, low positioning accuracy and complex operation of existing slider parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the slider structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the slider structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the processing of the slider of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first clamp body of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle DD;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first clamp body positioning structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the EE cross-section structure;

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second clamp body positioning structure of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Middle JJ cross-sectional structure diagram;

[0034] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the second clamping structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure numerals: 1, pressure plate; 10, second clamping body; 11, second positioning screw hole; 12, second positioning screw; 13, second cylindrical pin; 2, pressure plate fixing screw; 7, first clamping body; 70, first positioning screw hole; 76, first positioning screw; 77, first cylindrical pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The processing technology of processing multiple high-precision slider parts in this embodiment is described in the following three aspects:

[0041] 1) Processing route arrangement:

[0042] 1-1. According to the part structure and technical requirements of the drawing, the key position accuracy benchmark is on the large end face of the part, and the large end face has a complex shape and many processing elements. Therefore, after completing the rough milling of the hexagon, the part is directly clamped in a vise, and the large end face features of the part are processed first. The large end face dimensions D1, D2, D3 and D4 are in the same processing surface features, and the same process step processing can ensure the consistency of dimensional position accuracy. In addition to the 0.1mm margin reserved on one side of the outer dimensions E2 and E4, the dimensions of other parts are processed in place according to the requirements of the drawing to complete the processing of the large end face features of the part. The schematic diagram of the part is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of parts processing.

[0043] 1-2. Processing of small end face of parts: The technical requirement is that the datum is D3, but there is a certain positional relationship between D3 and 4-D4, and both features are completed in the same process step on the large end face, with good consistency. In order to facilitate the design of the fixture, the datum is selected as the 4-D4 stepped hole. Figure 4 In the first step, the pressing plate 1 hits both sides of the parts. Figure 4 In the schematic diagram of the processed part in H state, the processing position is the central structural part of the part. After the processing is completed, Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the processed part is in state I; the four small holes in the center of the rear part are fixed with the clamping plate and screws 2 to tighten the part, such as Figure 4 In the J state of the processing part diagram, remove the two side pressure plates and complete the processing on both sides. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the processed part in K state; except for the arc surface dimension E6, the outer dimensions E2 and E4 and other dimensions are processed in place according to the requirements of the drawing to complete the processing of the small end face features of the part.

[0044] 1-3. Parts arc surface size E6 processing: see Fig.11 The parts are clamped on the workstation through the second clamping body 10, two parts are clamped at one time, and the processing can be efficiently completed by selecting a suitable large-diameter end mill according to the width of the arc surface.

[0045] 2) Special fixture design:

[0046] 2-1. Design a special fixture for the small end of the fine milling part - the first fixture body 7, such as Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the first clamp body 7 is composed of the following parts: a pressure plate 1, a pressure plate fixing screw 2, a first positioning screw hole 70, and a first positioning screw 76 (if the screw head interferes, a general lathe can be arranged to process the head size to a suitable size). In the figure, part number H is a schematic clamping diagram of the center position of the first processed part, part number I is a schematic effect diagram after the center position of the part is processed, part number J is a schematic clamping diagram of the pressure plate positions on both sides of the processed part, and part number K is a schematic effect diagram of the small end processing after all.

[0047] The first clamp body 7 is integrally formed to ensure the consistency of dimensional position accuracy between each station. The first cylindrical pin 77 of each station on the clamp body and the step hole D4 of the part are matched with H7 / g6 to achieve precise orientation of the part and the fixture.

[0048] During operation, the first clamp body 7 is directly mounted on the milling machine workbench by means of screws, nuts and a pressure plate. The clamping ensures that the plane C, plane C1 and plane C2 of the first clamp body are in contact with the attached Figure 3 The part is placed on the first clamp body 7, and the first cylindrical pin 77 of each station fixture on the clamp body is matched with the part hole 9 to achieve reference orientation, and then the first positioning screw 76 fixes the part on the first clamp body 7, and the part clamping of each station is completed in turn.

[0049] 2-2. Design a special fixture for fine milling the small end arc surface of the part - the second fixture body 10: Figures 9 to 11 As shown in the figure, the second clamp body 10 is composed of the following parts: a second positioning screw 12, a second positioning screw hole 11, and a second cylindrical pin 13. The clamp body is integrally processed to ensure the consistency of the dimensional position accuracy between each station. Each second cylindrical pin 13 on the clamp body and the step hole D4 of the part adopt H7 / g6 matching, and the precise orientation of the part and the fixture is achieved. The upper end face C3, the lower end face reference, and the side face C4 of the second clamp body 10 ensure that the attachment is achieved. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The size and position accuracy requirements.

[0050] During operation, the second clamp body 10 is directly mounted on the milling machine table by means of screws, nuts and pressure plates, and the clamping ensures that the upper end face C3, lower end face reference and side face C4 of the second clamp body 10 meet the installation accuracy requirements. The part is placed on the second clamp body 10, and the second cylindrical pin 13 of each station on the second clamp body 10 is matched with the step hole (4-D4) of the part to achieve precise orientation, and then the second positioning screw 12 fixes the part on the clamp body, and the part clamping of each station is completed in turn.

[0051] 3) Determination of machining coordinate system for precision milling parts:

[0052] 3-1. Determination of the coordinate system for fine milling of small end surface

[0053] See attached Figure 7 , the part processing coordinate system is established at the center position of the first clamp body 7. In the X direction, the tool setter only needs to offset a tool setter radius value plus a dimension A1 value after aligning the plane C position. In the same principle, the tool setter in the Y direction only needs to offset a tool setter radius value plus a dimension A2 value after aligning the plane C1. The Z direction coordinate is established on the upper end surface C2 of the fixture, and the determination of the processing coordinate system is completed in sequence.

[0054] 3-2. Determination of the coordinate system for machining the small end arc surface of fine milling parts

[0055] See attached Fig. 9 , the X direction of the part processing coordinate system only needs to be offset by a dimension F1 after the tool setting probe is aligned on the plane C4 position and then input. The same principle applies to the Y direction tool setting probe. After the plane C3 is aligned, it can be offset by a tool setting probe radius value and input. The Z direction coordinate is established on the upper end face of the part, and the determination of the processing coordinate system is completed in sequence.

[0056] Using this process processing method, the same tool processing trajectory can be merged during program editing, reducing the number of tool changes and idle travel distance, thereby shortening the processing time of a single product and improving production efficiency. At the same time, the fixture has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can process multiple products at one time, which can better ensure the dimensional accuracy and form and position tolerance of parts, reduce manual labor intensity, and increase the part qualification rate by 100%.

[0057] This processing method takes the processing of 4 parts as an example but is not limited to 4 parts. It can be freely combined according to the size of the fixture blank, the size of the workpiece and the production rhythm. It adopts a multi-station design to process multiple workpieces simultaneously, which will greatly improve the consistency of part size accuracy and position accuracy, slow down tool wear, reduce tool consumption and improve processing efficiency.

[0058] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, rough milling materials to obtain block materials; S2. According to the processing requirements, the end face with more processing elements is defined as the large end face, and the end face with fewer processing elements is defined as the small end face. The large end face is processed first; S3, turning over the material and placing it on the first fixture to perform small end surface processing; S4. Place the material on the second fixture for fine processing.

2. The processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The large end face dimensions D1, D2, D3 and D4 are in the same machining surface feature and are processed synchronously to ensure the consistency of dimensional position accuracy. A 0.1 mm margin is reserved on one side of the outer dimensions E2 and E4.

3. The processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first clamp comprises a first clamp body (7), a pressure plate (1), and a pressure plate fixing screw (2); the first clamp body (7) comprises a first station H, a second station I, a third station J, and a fourth station K; the first station H, the second station I, the third station J, and the fourth station K are each provided with a first positioning screw hole (70); the first station H and the second station I are provided with a pressure plate (1) and a pressure plate fixing screw (2).

4. The processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The small end surface processing includes processing outer dimensions E2 and E4.

5. The processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The refinement process is used to process the cambered surface size E6.

6. The processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The second clamp comprises a second clamp body (10) and a second positioning screw hole (11).

7. The processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first clamp body (7) is provided with a first calibration base surface.

8. The process for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second clamp body (10) is provided with a first calibration base surface.

9. The processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The coordinate system for machining the small end face is established at the center position of the fixture body (7). In the X direction, the tool setting instrument is used to align the plane C position and then offset by a tool setting instrument radius value plus a dimension A1 value. In the Y direction, the tool setting instrument is used to align the plane C1 and then offset by a tool setting instrument radius value plus a dimension A2 value. The Z direction coordinate is established on the upper end face C2 of the fixture, and the determination of the machining coordinate system is completed in sequence.

10. The processing technology for processing multiple high-precision slider parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The refined processing coordinate system is input after the X direction is offset by a dimension F1 after aligning the plane C4 position with the tool setting probe; the Y direction is input after the Y direction is offset by a tool setting probe radius value after aligning the plane C3 with the tool setting probe; the Z direction coordinate is established on the large end surface, and the determination of the processing coordinate system is completed in sequence.

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