Five-axis linkage vertical machining tool convenient for tool replacement and use method of five-axis linkage vertical machining tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a five-axis linkage vertical machining tool convenient for tool replacement and a use method thereof.The five-axis linkage vertical machining tool comprises a base structure, a control structure, a driving structure, a transmission structure, a sliding structure, a tool rest structure, a limiting structure and a connecting structure, and the inner wall of the base structure is slidably connected with the outer wall of the control structure; according to the five-axis linkage vertical machining tool facilitating tool replacement and the using method thereof, a connecting structure and a sliding structure are controlled through a control structure, when the tool needs to be replaced, a control rod is pushed, the control rod drives a shifting fork to slide through a sliding block, and the shifting fork pushes a control gear to be engaged with a connecting gear; a control gear drives a rotating gear to rotate through a connecting gear, a connecting shaft, a connecting bevel gear, a rotating bevel gear and a rotating shaft in sequence, the rotating gear drives a sliding strip to slide through meshing force between the rotating gear and a rack, the sliding strip drives a tool plate to slide into the five-axis linkage vertical machining tool from a storage groove, and people can replace tools more conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of five-axis linkage vertical machining machine tools, in particular to a five-axis linkage vertical machining machine tool which is convenient for replacing cutting tools and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The five-axis linkage machine tool is a machine tool with high technological content and high precision, which is specially used for processing complex curved surfaces. This machine tool system has a significant influence on a country's aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment and other industries. The five-axis linkage CNC machine tool system is a means to solve the processing of impellers, blades, marine propellers, heavy generator rotors, turbine rotors, large diesel engine crankshafts, etc.

[0003] At present, when replacing the cutting tool on most of the five-axis linkage vertical machining centers on the market, the cutting tool needs to be manually placed into the five-axis linkage vertical machining center and installed on the spindle of the machine tool, which brings inconvenience to people's use. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement and a method for using the same, thereby solving the problem that the prior five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement is inconvenient to use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a five-axis linkage vertical machining center that is easy to replace tool, including a base structure, a control structure, a drive structure, a transmission structure, a sliding structure, a tool holder structure, a limiting structure and a connecting structure, the inner wall of the base structure is slidably connected to the outer wall of the control structure, the inner wall of the control structure is movably sleeved with the outer wall of the drive structure, the outer wall of the drive structure is meshedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission structure, the outer wall of the transmission structure is snap-connected to the inner wall of the sliding structure, the back side of the sliding structure is fixedly connected to the front side of the tool holder structure, the back side of the tool holder structure is fixedly connected to the front side of the limiting structure, and the inner wall of the sliding structure is snap-connected to the outer wall of the connecting structure.

[0006] Preferably, the base structure includes a support leg, a five-axis linkage vertical machining center, a processing table, a partition and a machine tool spindle, the top of the support leg is fixedly connected to the bottom of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center, and the inner bottom wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center is fixedly connected to the top of the processing table, the inner wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center is provided with a mounting groove, and the inner wall of the mounting groove is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the partition, the machine tool spindle is installed on the inner top wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center, and a control groove is provided on the front of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center, a storage groove is provided on one side of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center, and a limiting groove and a sliding groove are respectively provided on the front and back of the inner wall of the storage groove, and a rotating hole and a rotation hole are respectively provided on the top near both sides of the partition.

[0007] Preferably, the control structure consists of a control rod, a sliding block and a shift fork, the back of the control rod is fixedly connected to the front of the sliding block, the outer wall of the sliding block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the control groove, and the back of the sliding block is fixedly connected to the front of the shift fork, and the inner wall of the shift fork is provided with a control hole.

[0008] Preferably, the driving structure includes a mounting frame, a control shaft, a control gear, a stepper motor and a fixed plate, the bottom of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and mounting holes are opened on both sides of the mounting frame, the outer walls at both ends of the control shaft are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two mounting holes respectively, and the outer wall of the control shaft is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the control hole, the outer wall of the control shaft close to one end is slidingly engaged with the inner wall of the control gear, and the outer wall of the control gear is movably abutted against the inner wall of the fork, the other end of the control shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the stepper motor output shaft through a coupling, and the bottom of the stepper motor is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate through bolts, and the bottom of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission structure consists of a support frame, a transmission shaft, a transmission gear, a transmission bevel gear, a rotating bevel gear and a rotating shaft. The bottom of the support frame is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and support holes are opened on both sides of the support frame, and the outer walls of the transmission shaft near both ends are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two support holes respectively, the outer wall of one end of the transmission shaft is snap-connected with the inner wall of the transmission gear, and the outer wall of the transmission gear is meshed with the outer wall of the control gear, one side of the transmission bevel gear at the other end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected, and the outer wall of the transmission bevel gear is meshed with the outer wall of the rotating bevel gear, the top of the rotating bevel gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and the outer wall of the rotating shaft is rotatably snap-connected with the inner wall of the rotating hole.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding structure includes a rotating gear, a rack, a sliding bar and a rotating gear, the inner wall of the rotating gear is snap-connected with the outer wall of the top end of the rotating shaft, and the outer wall of the rotating gear is meshingly connected with the outer wall of the front side of the rack, the outer wall of the sliding bar is slidably connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove, and a fixed groove is provided on the front side of the sliding bar, the inner wall of the fixed groove is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rack, and the outer wall of the front side of the rack is meshingly connected with the outer wall of the rotating gear.

[0011] Preferably, the tool holder structure consists of a tool plate, a protective plate 1, a protective plate 2 and a tool cover, the front side of the tool plate is fixedly connected to the back side of the sliding bar, and one side of the tool plate is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate 1, the outer wall of the protective plate 1 is slidably abutted against the inner wall of one side of the storage slot, and the other side of the tool plate is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate 2, the outer wall of the protective plate 2 is slidably abutted against the inner wall of the other side of the storage slot, and a plurality of fixing holes are opened on the top of the tool plate, and tool covers are installed on the inner walls of the plurality of fixing holes.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting structure includes a limiting strip, a limiting block 1 and a limiting block 2, the front side of the limiting strip is fixedly connected to the back side of the tool plate, and the outer wall of the limiting strip is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove, the top and bottom of the limiting strip are respectively provided with a slot 1 and a slot 2, and the inner wall of the slot 1 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting block 1, the top of the limiting block 1 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall on one side of the limiting groove, and the outer wall of the limiting block 2 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slot 2, and the bottom of the limiting block 2 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall on the other side of the limiting groove.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting structure consists of a connecting frame, a connecting shaft, a connecting gear, a connecting bevel gear, a rotating bevel gear and a rotating shaft, the bottom of the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and connecting holes are opened on both sides of the connecting frame, and the outer walls of the connecting shaft near both ends are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two connecting holes respectively, the outer wall of one end of the connecting shaft is snap-connected with the inner wall of the connecting gear, and one side of the connecting bevel gear at the other end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected, the outer wall of the connecting bevel gear is meshed with the outer wall of the rotating bevel gear, and the top of the rotating bevel gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is rotatably snap-connected with the inner wall of the rotating hole, and the outer wall of the top end of the rotating shaft is snap-connected with the inner wall of the rotating gear.

[0014] Preferably, the method for using the five-axis linkage vertical machining center that is convenient for replacing tool comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Start the stepper motor, the stepper motor drives the control shaft to rotate through the coupling, the control shaft drives the control gear to rotate, the control gear drives the transmission gear to rotate, the transmission gear drives the transmission bevel gear to rotate through the transmission shaft, the transmission bevel gear drives the rotating bevel gear to rotate, the rotating bevel gear drives the rotating gear to rotate through the rotating shaft, the rotating gear drives the sliding bar to slide through the meshing force with the rack, the sliding bar drives the tool plate and the tool sleeve to slide out of the storage slot, and the tool is placed vertically into the tool sleeve.

[0016] S2: The stepper motor reverses to make the tool plate slide back into the storage slot, and the tool plate drives the tool sleeve to slide into the storage slot to store the tool. The tool plate also drives the protective plate 1 and the protective plate 2 to slide, so that the protective plates 1 and 2 block the two sides of the storage slot to store the tool.

[0017] S3: When the tool needs to be replaced, the control lever is pushed. The control lever drives the shift fork to slide through the sliding block. The shift fork drives the control gear to slide and mesh with the connecting gear, so that the control gear drives the connecting gear to rotate. The connecting gear drives the connecting bevel gear to rotate through the connecting shaft. The connecting bevel gear drives the rotating gear to rotate through the rotating bevel gear and the rotating shaft in turn. The rotating gear drives the sliding bar to slide through the meshing force with the rack. The sliding bar drives the tool plate and the tool sleeve to slide from the storage slot to the inside of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center moves the machine tool spindle to the top of the tool plate to clamp the required tool and replace the tool.

[0018] Beneficial Effects

[0019] The present invention provides a five-axis linkage vertical machining center that is convenient for tool replacement and a method for using the same. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement and the method for using the same control structure respectively control the connecting structure and the sliding structure through the control structure. When the tool needs to be replaced, the control rod is pushed. The control rod drives the fork to slide through the sliding block. The fork drives the control gear to slide and mesh with the connecting gear, so that the control gear drives the connecting gear to rotate. The connecting gear drives the connecting bevel gear to rotate through the connecting shaft. The connecting bevel gear drives the rotating gear to rotate through the rotating bevel gear and the rotating shaft in turn. The rotating gear drives the sliding bar to slide through the meshing force with the rack. The sliding bar drives the tool plate and the tool sleeve to slide from the storage slot to the inside of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center moves the machine tool spindle to the top of the tool plate to clamp the required tool, and the tool is replaced, making it more convenient for people to replace the tool, which brings convenience to people.

[0021] (2) The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement and the method for using the same control structure respectively control the transmission structure and the sliding structure through the control structure, start the stepper motor, the stepper motor drives the control shaft to rotate through the coupling, the control shaft drives the control gear to rotate, the control gear drives the transmission gear to rotate, the transmission gear drives the transmission bevel gear to rotate through the transmission shaft, the transmission bevel gear drives the rotating bevel gear to rotate, the rotating bevel gear drives the rotating gear to rotate through the rotating shaft, the rotating gear drives the sliding bar to slide through the meshing force with the rack, the sliding bar drives the tool plate and the tool sleeve to slide out of the storage slot, and the tool is vertically placed in the tool sleeve, providing a place for the tool to be placed, which brings convenience to people.

[0022] (3) The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement and the method for using the same control structure respectively control the transmission structure and the sliding structure. After the tool is placed on the tool plate, when the tool needs to be stored, the stepper motor reverses to make the tool plate slide back into the storage slot. The tool plate drives the tool sleeve to slide into the storage slot to store the tool. The tool plate also drives the protective plate 1 and the protective plate 2 to slide, so that the protective plate 1 and the protective plate 2 block the two sides of the storage slot to store the tool, which brings convenience to people's use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is an exploded diagram of the control structure and the driving structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the transmission structure, sliding structure and connecting structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the limiting structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. base structure; 101. outrigger; 102. five-axis linkage vertical machining center; 103. machining table; 104. partition; 105. machine tool spindle; 2. control structure; 201. control rod; 202. sliding block; 203. shift fork; 3. drive structure; 301. mounting frame; 302. control shaft; 303. control gear; 304. stepping motor; 305. fixing plate; 4. transmission structure; 401. support frame; 402. transmission shaft; 403. transmission gear; 404. transmission bevel gear; 405. rotating bevel Gear; 406, rotating shaft; 5, sliding structure; 501, rotating gear; 502, rack; 503, sliding bar; 504, rotating gear; 6, tool holder structure; 601, tool plate; 602, protective plate 1; 603, protective plate 2; 604, tool sleeve; 7, limiting structure; 701, limiting bar; 702, limiting block 1; 703, limiting block 2; 8, connecting structure; 801, connecting frame; 802, connecting shaft; 803, connecting gear; 804, connecting bevel gear; 805, rotating bevel gear; 806, rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1-7 A five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement includes a base structure 1, a control structure 2, a drive structure 3, a transmission structure 4, a sliding structure 5, a tool holder structure 6, a limiting structure 7 and a connecting structure 8. The inner wall of the base structure 1 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the control structure 2, the inner wall of the control structure 2 is movably sleeved with the outer wall of the drive structure 3, the outer wall of the drive structure 3 is meshed with the outer wall of the transmission structure 4, the outer wall of the transmission structure 4 is snap-connected with the inner wall of the sliding structure 5, the back of the sliding structure 5 is fixedly connected to the front of the tool holder structure 6, the back of the tool holder structure 6 is fixedly connected to the front of the limiting structure 7, and the inner wall of the sliding structure 5 is snap-connected with the outer wall of the connecting structure 8.

[0033] In the present invention, the base structure 1 includes a support leg 101, a five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102, a machining table 103, a partition 104 and a machine tool spindle 105. The top of the support leg 101 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102, and the inner bottom wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102 is fixedly connected to the top of the machining table 103. The inner wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102 is provided with a mounting groove, and the inner wall of the mounting groove is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the partition 104. The machine tool spindle 105 is installed on the inner top wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102, and a control groove is provided on the front of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102. A storage groove is provided on one side of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102, and a limiting groove and a sliding groove are respectively provided on the front and back of the inner wall of the storage groove, and a rotating hole and a rotation hole are respectively provided on the top near both sides of the partition 104.

[0034] In the present invention, the control structure 2 is composed of a control rod 201, a sliding block 202 and a fork 203. The back of the control rod 201 is fixedly connected to the front of the sliding block 202, the outer wall of the sliding block 202 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the control groove, and the back of the sliding block 202 is fixedly connected to the front of the fork 203, and the inner wall of the fork 203 is provided with a control hole.

[0035] In the present invention, the driving structure 3 includes a mounting frame 301, a control shaft 302, a control gear 303, a stepper motor 304 and a fixing plate 305. The bottom of the mounting frame 301 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and mounting holes are provided on both sides of the mounting frame 301. The outer walls at both ends of the control shaft 302 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two mounting holes respectively, and the outer wall of the control shaft 302 is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the control hole. The outer wall of the control shaft 302 close to one end is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the control gear 303, and the outer wall of the control gear 303 is movably abutted against the inner wall of the fork 203. The other end of the control shaft 302 is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft of the stepper motor 304 through a coupling, and the bottom of the stepper motor 304 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate 305 through bolts, and the bottom of the fixing plate 305 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove.

[0036] In the present invention, the transmission structure 4 is composed of a support frame 401, a transmission shaft 402, a transmission gear 403, a transmission bevel gear 404, a rotating bevel gear 405 and a rotating shaft 406. The bottom of the support frame 401 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and support holes are provided on both sides of the support frame 401, and the outer walls of the transmission shaft 402 near both ends are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two support holes respectively, the outer wall of one end of the transmission shaft 402 is clamped and connected with the inner wall of the transmission gear 403, and the outer wall of the transmission gear 403 is meshed and connected with the outer wall of the control gear 303, one side of the transmission bevel gear 404 at the other end of the transmission shaft 402 is fixedly connected, and the outer wall of the transmission bevel gear 404 is meshed and connected with the outer wall of the rotating bevel gear 405, the top of the rotating bevel gear 405 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft 406, and the outer wall of the rotating shaft 406 is rotatably clamped with the inner wall of the rotating hole.

[0037] In the present invention, the sliding structure 5 includes a rotating gear 501, a rack 502, a sliding bar 503 and a rotating gear 504. The inner wall of the rotating gear 501 is engaged with the outer wall at the top of the rotating shaft 406, and the outer wall of the rotating gear 501 is meshed with the outer wall of the front side of the rack 502. The outer wall of the sliding bar 503 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove, and a fixed groove is provided on the front side of the sliding bar 503. The inner wall of the fixed groove is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rack 502, and the outer wall of the front side of the rack 502 is meshed with the outer wall of the rotating gear 504.

[0038] In the present invention, the tool holder structure 6 is composed of a tool plate 601, a protective plate 1 602, a protective plate 2 603 and a tool sleeve 604. The front of the tool plate 601 is fixedly connected to the back of the sliding bar 503, and one side of the tool plate 601 is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate 1 602. The outer wall of the protective plate 1 602 is slidably abutted against the inner wall of one side of the storage slot, and the other side of the tool plate 601 is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate 2 603. The outer wall of the protective plate 2 603 is slidably abutted against the inner wall of the other side of the storage slot, and a plurality of fixing holes are opened on the top of the tool plate 601, and the inner walls of the plurality of fixing holes are all installed with tool sleeves 604.

[0039] In the present invention, the limiting structure 7 includes a limiting strip 701, a limiting block 1 702 and a limiting block 2 703. The front of the limiting strip 701 is fixedly connected to the back of the tool plate 601, and the outer wall of the limiting strip 701 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove. The top and bottom of the limiting strip 701 are respectively provided with a slot 1 and a slot 2, and the inner wall of the slot 1 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting block 1 702. The top of the limiting block 1 702 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall on one side of the limiting groove, and the outer wall of the limiting block 2 703 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slot 2, and the bottom of the limiting block 2 703 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall on the other side of the limiting groove.

[0040] In the present invention, the connecting structure 8 is composed of a connecting frame 801, a connecting shaft 802, a connecting gear 803, a connecting bevel gear 804, a rotating bevel gear 805 and a rotating shaft 806. The bottom of the connecting frame 801 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and connecting holes are provided on both sides of the connecting frame 801, and the outer walls of the connecting shaft 802 near both ends are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two connecting holes respectively, the outer wall of one end of the connecting shaft 802 is engaged with the inner wall of the connecting gear 803, and one side of the connecting bevel gear 804 at the other end of the connecting shaft 802 is fixedly connected, the outer wall of the connecting bevel gear 804 is meshed with the outer wall of the rotating bevel gear 805, and the top of the rotating bevel gear 805 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft 806, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 806 is rotatably engaged with the inner wall of the rotating hole, and the outer wall of the top end of the rotating shaft 806 is engaged with the inner wall of the rotating gear 504.

[0041] A method for using a five-axis linkage vertical machining center for convenient tool replacement includes the following steps:

[0042] S1: Start the stepper motor 304, the stepper motor 304 drives the control shaft 302 to rotate through the coupling, the control shaft 302 drives the control gear 303 to rotate, the control gear 303 drives the transmission gear 403 to rotate, the transmission gear 403 drives the transmission bevel gear 404 to rotate through the transmission shaft 402, the transmission bevel gear 404 drives the rotating bevel gear 405 to rotate, the rotating bevel gear 405 drives the rotating gear 501 to rotate through the rotating shaft 406, the rotating gear 501 drives the sliding bar 503 to slide through the meshing force with the rack 502, the sliding bar 503 drives the tool plate 601 and the tool sleeve 604 to slide out of the storage slot, and the tool is placed vertically into the tool sleeve 604.

[0043] S2: The stepper motor 304 reverses to make the tool plate 601 slide back into the storage slot, and the tool plate 601 drives the tool sleeve 604 to slide into the storage slot to store the tool. The tool plate 601 also drives the protective plate 1 602 and the protective plate 2 603 to slide, so that the protective plate 1 602 and the protective plate 2 603 block both sides of the storage slot to store the tool.

[0044] S3: When the tool needs to be replaced, the control rod 201 is pushed. The control rod 201 drives the fork 203 to slide through the sliding block 202. The fork 203 drives the control gear 303 to slide and mesh with the connecting gear 803, so that the control gear 303 drives the connecting gear 803 to rotate. The connecting gear 803 drives the connecting bevel gear 804 to rotate through the connecting shaft 802. The connecting bevel gear 804 drives the rotating gear 504 to rotate through the rotating bevel gear 805 and the rotating shaft 806 in turn. The rotating gear 504 drives the sliding bar 503 to slide through the meshing force with the rack 502. The sliding bar 503 drives the tool plate 601 and the tool sleeve 604 to slide from the storage slot to the inside of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center 102 moves the machine tool spindle 105 to the top of the tool plate 601 to clamp the required tool and replace the tool.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A five-axis linkage vertical machining center for convenient tool replacement, comprising a base structure (1), a control structure (2), a drive structure (3), a transmission structure (4), a sliding structure (5), a tool rest structure (6), a limit structure (7) and a connection structure (8), characterized in that: The inner wall of the base structure (1) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the control structure (2), the inner wall of the control structure (2) is movably sleeved with the outer wall of the drive structure (3), the outer wall of the drive structure (3) is meshingly connected to the outer wall of the transmission structure (4), the outer wall of the transmission structure (4) is snap-fitted to the inner wall of the sliding structure (5), the back surface of the sliding structure (5) is fixedly connected to the front surface of the tool holder structure (6), the back surface of the tool holder structure (6) is fixedly connected to the front surface of the limiting structure (7), and the inner wall of the sliding structure (5) is snap-fitted to the outer wall of the connecting structure (8).

2. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base structure (1) comprises a support leg (101), a five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102), a machining table (103), a partition (104) and a machine tool spindle (105); the top of the support leg (101) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102); the inner bottom wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102) is fixedly connected to the top of the machining table (103); the inner wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102) is provided with a mounting groove; The inner wall of the installation groove is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the partition (104); a machine tool spindle (105) is installed on the inner top wall of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102); a control groove is provided on the front of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102); a storage groove is provided on one side of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102); a limit groove and a sliding groove are respectively provided on the front and back of the inner wall of the storage groove; and a rotation hole and a rotating hole are respectively provided on the top near both sides of the partition (104).

3. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control structure (2) is composed of a control rod (201), a sliding block (202) and a shift fork (203); the back side of the control rod (201) is fixedly connected to the front side of the sliding block (202); the outer wall of the sliding block (202) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the control groove; the back side of the sliding block (202) is fixedly connected to the front side of the shift fork (203); and the inner wall of the shift fork (203) is provided with a control hole.

4. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving structure (3) comprises a mounting frame (301), a control shaft (302), a control gear (303), a stepping motor (304) and a fixing plate (305); the bottom of the mounting frame (301) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and mounting holes are provided on both sides of the mounting frame (301); the outer walls at both ends of the control shaft (302) are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two mounting holes respectively, and the outer wall of the control shaft (302) is movably sleeved with the inner wall of the control hole; The outer wall of the control shaft (302) near one end is slidably engaged with the inner wall of the control gear (303), and the outer wall of the control gear (303) is movably abutted against the inner wall of the shift fork (203). The other end of the control shaft (302) is fixedly connected to one end of the output shaft of the stepper motor (304) through a coupling, and the bottom of the stepper motor (304) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate (305) through bolts, and the bottom of the fixing plate (305) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove.

5. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission structure (4) is composed of a support frame (401), a transmission shaft (402), a transmission gear (403), a transmission bevel gear (404), a rotating bevel gear (405) and a rotating shaft (406); the bottom of the support frame (401) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and support holes are provided on both sides of the support frame (401); the outer walls of the transmission shaft (402) close to both ends are respectively rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two support holes; the outer wall of one end of the transmission shaft (402) is connected to the transmission bevel gear (405) and the rotating shaft (406); The inner wall of the gear (403) is snap-connected, and the outer wall of the transmission gear (403) is meshed with the outer wall of the control gear (303); one side of the transmission bevel gear (404) at the other end of the transmission shaft (402) is fixedly connected, and the outer wall of the transmission bevel gear (404) is meshed with the outer wall of the rotating bevel gear (405); the top of the rotating bevel gear (405) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft (406), and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (406) is rotatably snap-connected with the inner wall of the rotating hole.

6. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding structure (5) comprises a rotating gear (501), a rack (502), a sliding bar (503) and a rotating gear (504); the inner wall of the rotating gear (501) is engaged with the outer wall of the top end of the rotating shaft (406), and the outer wall of the rotating gear (501) is meshed with the outer wall of the front side of the rack (502); the outer wall of the sliding bar (503) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove, and a fixed groove is provided on the front side of the sliding bar (503); the inner wall of the fixed groove is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the rack (502), and the outer wall of the front side of the rack (502) is meshed with the outer wall of the rotating gear (504).

7. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tool holder structure (6) is composed of a tool plate (601), a protective plate 1 (602), a protective plate 2 (603) and a tool sleeve (604); the front of the tool plate (601) is fixedly connected to the back of the sliding bar (503), and one side of the tool plate (601) is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate 1 (602); the outer wall of the protective plate 1 (602) is slidably abutted against the inner wall of one side of the storage slot, and the other side of the tool plate (601) is fixedly connected to one side of the protective plate 2 (603); the outer wall of the protective plate 2 (603) is slidably abutted against the inner wall of the other side of the storage slot, and a plurality of fixing holes are opened on the top of the tool plate (601), and the inner walls of the plurality of fixing holes are all installed with tool sleeves (604).

8. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting structure (7) comprises a limiting strip (701), a limiting block 1 (702) and a limiting block 2 (703); the front side of the limiting strip (701) is fixedly connected to the back side of the tool plate (601), and the outer wall of the limiting strip (701) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove; the top and bottom of the limiting strip (701) are respectively provided with a card slot 1 and a card slot 2, and the inner wall of the card slot 1 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the limiting block 1 (702); the top of the limiting block 1 (702) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall on one side of the limiting groove, and the outer wall of the limiting block 2 (703) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the card slot 2; the bottom of the limiting block 2 (703) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall on the other side of the limiting groove.

9. The five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting structure (8) is composed of a connecting frame (801), a connecting shaft (802), a connecting gear (803), a connecting bevel gear (804), a rotating bevel gear (805) and a rotating shaft (806). The bottom of the connecting frame (801) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the mounting groove, and connecting holes are provided on both sides of the connecting frame (801). The outer walls of the connecting shaft (802) close to both ends are respectively rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two connecting holes. The outer wall of one end of the connecting shaft (802) is connected to the connecting gear (804). The inner wall of the wheel (803) is engaged and connected, and one side of the connecting bevel gear (804) at the other end of the connecting shaft (802) is fixedly connected, the outer wall of the connecting bevel gear (804) is meshed and connected with the outer wall of the rotating bevel gear (805), and the top of the rotating bevel gear (805) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the rotating shaft (806), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (806) is rotatably engaged with the inner wall of the rotating hole, and the outer wall of the top end of the rotating shaft (806) is engaged and connected with the inner wall of the rotating gear (504).

10. The method for using a five-axis linkage vertical machining center for easy tool replacement according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1: Start the stepper motor (304), the stepper motor (304) drives the control shaft (302) to rotate through the coupling, the control shaft (302) drives the control gear (303) to rotate, the control gear (303) drives the transmission gear (403) to rotate, the transmission gear (403) drives the transmission bevel gear (404) to rotate through the transmission shaft (402), the transmission bevel gear (404) drives the rotating bevel gear (405) to rotate, the rotating bevel gear (405) drives the rotating gear (501) to rotate through the rotating shaft (406), the rotating gear (501) drives the sliding bar (503) to slide through the meshing force with the rack (502), the sliding bar (503) drives the tool plate (601) and the tool sleeve (604) to slide out of the storage slot, and the tool is vertically placed in the tool sleeve (604); S2: The stepper motor (304) is reversed to make the tool plate (601) slide back into the storage slot, and the tool plate (601) drives the tool sleeve (604) to slide into the storage slot to store the tool. The tool plate (601) simultaneously drives the protection plate 1 (602) and the protection plate 2 (603) to slide, so that the protection plate 1 (602) and the protection plate 2 (603) block the two sides of the storage slot to store the tool. S3: When it is necessary to replace the tool, the control rod (201) is pushed, and the control rod (201) drives the shift fork (203) to slide through the sliding block (202), and the shift fork (203) drives the control gear (303) to slide and mesh with the connecting gear (803), so that the control gear (303) drives the connecting gear (803) to rotate, and the connecting gear (803) drives the connecting bevel gear (804) to rotate through the connecting shaft (802), and the connecting bevel gear (804) is rotated in turn through the rotating bevel gear (805). ) and the rotating shaft (806) drive the rotating gear (504) to rotate, the rotating gear (504) drives the sliding bar (503) to slide through the meshing force with the rack (502), the sliding bar (503) drives the tool plate (601) and the tool sleeve (604) to slide from the storage slot to the inside of the five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102), and the five-axis linkage vertical machining center (102) causes the machine tool spindle (105) to move to the top of the tool plate (601) to clamp the required tool, so as to replace the tool.

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