Hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery

Abstract

The hydraulic steering mechanism for the engineering machinery comprises an oil cylinder body, a first oil inlet and a first oil outlet are formed in the front side and the rear side of the oil cylinder body; one end of the pressure relief pipe is connected with the first oil outlet; according to the oil cylinder, when oil transportation to the left cavity of the oil cylinder body is suddenly stopped, the piston is possibly pushed forwards due to inertia, impact force is generated on the right cavity, oil enters the buffer cavity through the pressure relief pipe and rushes to the buffer air bag, and therefore the oil is prevented from entering the buffer air bag; gas in the buffer air bag enters the buffer air bag to push the buffer plate to get close, reduce the contact distance with oil and change impact force, the larger the impact force is, the longer the extension of the telescopic end of the damping rod is, the larger the buffer force is, and the better the effect is, the buffer air bag plays a first-step buffer and reduces the initial impact force of oil flow, and when the oil impacts the buffer plate, the damping rod and the reset spring play a second-layer buffer. Impact is reduced again, system pressure is stabilized, pressure fluctuation is relieved, and adverse effects on the oil cylinder body are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] Engineering machinery is an important part of the equipment industry. In general, all mechanical equipment required for earthwork construction, road construction and maintenance, mobile lifting and loading and unloading operations, and comprehensive mechanized construction required for various construction projects are called engineering machinery. It is mainly used in national defense construction projects, transportation construction, energy industry construction and production, mining and other raw material industry construction and production, agriculture, forestry and water conservancy construction, industrial and civil construction, urban construction, environmental protection and other fields. In the prior art, after the oil supply in the cylinder body is stopped immediately, the piston will continue to move forward a certain distance due to inertia, which will squeeze the oil in the chamber. The squeezing of the oil in the chamber by the piston will cause the hydraulic pressure to increase instantly, resulting in a hydraulic shock. This shock may cause damage to the cylinder body and related connecting parts, such as damage to seals, rupture of pipelines, etc. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery, a cylinder body, with a first oil inlet and a first oil outlet on the front and rear sides; a pressure relief pipe, one end of which is connected to the first oil outlet; a buffer shell, having a buffer cavity inside, on which a second oil inlet and a second oil outlet connected to the buffer cavity are arranged, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe is connected to the second oil inlet; a buffer assembly is arranged in the buffer cavity, wherein the buffer assembly at least includes a first buffer member, and a compression portion is provided on the first buffer member, and the compression portion is at least opposite to the second oil inlet, and is used for extruding and deforming the compression portion under the action of oil pressure.

[0005] Furthermore, the compression part includes a pleated top plate, which is bent in an arc shape; two mounting plates, which are arranged perpendicular to each other, one mounting plate is connected to the bottom of the buffer cavity, and the other mounting plate is opposite to the second oil inlet, and the two ends of the pleated top plate are respectively connected to the corresponding mounting plates.

[0006] Furthermore, each tip of the pleated top plate opposite to the mounting plate is connected with an elastic sheet, and the other end of each elastic sheet is connected to the intersection of the two mounting plates.

[0007] Further, the buffer assembly further comprises a second buffer member, wherein the second buffer member comprises a damping rod, which is arranged along the axial direction of the buffer cavity; A fixing ring is also provided in the buffer cavity, and one end of the fixing ring away from the damping rod is connected to the buffer plate through a buffer airbag, wherein the telescopic end of the damping rod is connected to the plate surface of the buffer plate; a return spring is sleeved on the outside of the damping rod, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the buffer cavity, and the other end is connected to the plate surface of the buffer plate, and the second oil outlet is provided on the fixing ring away from the buffer cavity corresponding to the first buffer member; The sides of the two mounting plates are closed so that the first buffer member encloses an air cavity, a through pipe is provided between the air cavity and the buffer airbag, the diameter of the buffer plate is consistent with the inner diameter of the buffer cavity, and the circumferential outer wall of the buffer plate abuts against the inner wall of the buffer cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertical end of the pressure relief pipe penetrates the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the horizontal end of the pressure relief pipe penetrates the buffer shell and extends into the buffer cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, a piston is slidably arranged inside the cylinder body, and the piston divides the inside of the cylinder body into two chambers. The inner walls of the two chambers are connected to oil pipes, and the other ends of the oil pipes are connected to the oil tank. A hydraulic pump is installed on the oil pipes.

[0010] Furthermore, an oil outlet pipe is provided on the top of the oil tank, and the top end of the oil outlet pipe extends to the inside of the buffer cavity.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, when the oil supply to the left chamber of the oil cylinder body is suddenly stopped, the piston may be pushed forward due to inertia, generating an impact force on the right chamber, causing the oil to enter the buffer chamber through the pressure relief pipe and rush toward the buffer airbag. The gas inside the buffer airbag enters the buffer airbag and pushes the buffer plate closer, reducing the contact distance with the oil and changing the impact force. The greater the impact force, the longer the telescopic end of the damping rod extends, the greater the buffering force and the better the effect. The buffer airbag acts as the first step of buffering to reduce the initial impact force of the oil flow. When the oil impacts the buffer plate, the damping rod and the return spring act as the second layer of buffering to reduce the impact again, stabilize the system pressure, alleviate pressure fluctuations, and avoid adverse effects on the oil cylinder body.

[0012] 2. In the present invention, when the cushioning airbag is squeezed by the impact force of the oil, the internal gas flows out and is compressed and folded along the folds, and the spring piece is also compressed and folded from right to left. After the oil passes through, the spring piece automatically resets due to its own elastic force, stretches from left to right and drives the cushioning airbag to return to its original state.

[0013] 3. In the present invention, when the cushioning airbag is squeezed by the impact force of the oil body, it will be squeezed from right to left in sequence according to the folds, driving the spring piece to be pressed from right to left. The serrated folds can make the pressing process of the cushioning airbag more controllable and have a rebound force, which is convenient for the cushioning airbag to reset after compression. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the oil outlet pipe and the oil tank in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the pressure relief pipe and the buffer shell in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the damping rod and the buffer plate in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the damping rod and the return spring in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cushioning airbag and the spring in the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1. Cylinder body; 2. Pressure relief pipe; 3. Buffer shell; 4. Compression part; 5. Through pipe; 6. Buffer chamber; 7. Damping rod; 8. Return spring; 9. Fixed ring; 10. Buffer airbag; 11. Buffer plate; 12. Shrapnel; 13. Oil outlet pipe; 14. Oil delivery pipe; 15. Oil tank; 16. Piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 , the present invention provides a technical solution: See also Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the cylinder body 1 has a first oil inlet and a first oil outlet on the front and rear sides; a pressure relief pipe 2, one end of which is connected to the first oil outlet; a buffer shell 3, having a buffer cavity 6 inside, on which a second oil inlet and a second oil outlet connected to the buffer cavity 6 are provided, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe 2 is connected to the second oil inlet; a buffer assembly is arranged in the buffer cavity 6, wherein the buffer assembly at least includes a first buffer member, and a compression portion 4 is provided on the first buffer member, and the compression portion 4 is at least opposite to the second oil inlet, and is used for extruding and deforming the compression portion 4 under the action of oil pressure.

[0018] When oil is being pumped into the left chamber in the cylinder body 1, if the oil pumping is suddenly stopped, the piston 16 may be pushed forward due to the inertia of the sudden stop, which will generate a certain impact force on the right chamber of the cylinder body 1. The impact force squeezes the oil in the right chamber to the pressure relief pipe 2, and then enters the buffer chamber 6 from the pressure relief pipe 2 and rushes to the compression part 4. The compression part 4 is subjected to the impact force and is squeezed by the impact force. The gas inside the compression part 4 will enter the buffer airbag 10 through the through pipe 5, and the buffer airbag 10 will push the buffer airbag 10 to move the buffer plate 11 in the direction of the compression part 4, so that the contact distance between the buffer plate 11 and the oil becomes smaller, the impact force changes, but the volume of the squeezed oil remains unchanged.

[0019] The greater the impact force, the longer the telescopic end of the damping rod 7 extends, the greater the buffering force and the better the buffering effect.

[0020] The compression part 4 plays a first-level buffering role. When the oil impacts the buffer plate 11 through the gap formed by the compression and folding of the compression part 4, the damping rod 7 and the return spring 8 play a second-level buffering role. The compression part 4 first performs a preliminary buffering on the impact of the oil, reducing the initial impact force of the oil flow and protecting subsequent components. When the oil impacts the buffer plate 11, the damping rod 7 and the return spring 8 further play a second-level buffering role and reduce the impact again. The buffering effect helps to stabilize the pressure in the system. When the oil flows through the buffer structure, the pressure fluctuation is alleviated, avoiding the adverse effects of sudden pressure changes on the cylinder body 1.

[0021] See also Figure 3-5 , the compression unit 4 includes, The pleated top plate is set in an arc shape; The two mounting plates are vertically arranged with each other, one of which is connected to the bottom of the buffer cavity 6, and the other is opposite to the second oil inlet, and both ends of the pleated top plate are respectively connected to the corresponding mounting plates.

[0022] After the oil enters the buffer shell 3, it first impacts the vertical mounting plate. After the vertical mounting plate is squeezed by the impact force generated by the oil, the gas inside the compression part 4 flows out, and the compression part 4 is compressed and folded along the folds. The spring piece 12 is also compressed and folded from right to left. After the oil passes through the compression part 4, the spring piece 12 automatically resets from its own elastic force, stretches from left to right, and drives the compression part 4 to return to its original state.

[0023] See also Figure 5 Each tip of the pleated top plate opposite to the mounting plate is connected with an elastic sheet 12, and the other end of each elastic sheet 12 is connected to the intersection of the two mounting plates.

[0024] When the compression part 4 is squeezed by the impact force generated by the oil body, the compression part 4 will be squeezed from right to left in sequence according to the folds, and the folds will drive the spring piece 12 to be pressed from right to left. The serrated folds can make the pressing of the compression part 4 easier. The serrated fold design can make the pressing process of the compression part 4 more controllable, and it also has a certain rebound force, which facilitates the resetting of the compression part 4 after compression to a certain extent.

[0025] The fixed point at the lower right side of the spring piece 12 remains stationary. When the impact force disappears, the spring piece 12 will drive the inner wall of the fold to reset, so that the compression part 4 blocks the connection between the pressure relief pipe 2 and the buffer chamber 6 again.

[0026] See also Figure 3 , the buffer assembly further includes a second buffer, wherein the second buffer includes a damping rod 7, which is arranged along the axial direction of the buffer cavity 6; A fixing ring 9 is also provided in the buffer cavity 6, and one end of the fixing ring 9 away from the damping rod 7 is connected to the buffer plate 11 through the buffer airbag 10, wherein the telescopic end of the damping rod 7 is connected to the plate surface of the buffer plate 11; a return spring 8 is sleeved on the outside of the damping rod 7, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the buffer cavity 6, and the other end is connected to the plate surface of the buffer plate 11, and the second oil outlet is provided on the fixing ring 9 away from the buffer cavity 6 corresponding to the first buffer member; The sides of the two mounting plates are closed so that the first buffer member encloses an air cavity, a through pipe 5 is provided between the air cavity and the buffer airbag 10, the diameter of the buffer plate 11 is consistent with the inner diameter of the buffer cavity 6, and the circumferential outer wall of the buffer plate 11 abuts against the inner wall of the buffer cavity 6.

[0027] The circumferential outer wall of the buffer plate 11 is provided with polytetrafluoroethylene, which has the characteristics of low friction coefficient, strong corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, etc. It can play a good sealing role between the buffer plate 11 and the buffer cavity 6, preventing the oil from entering the other side of the buffer plate 11, so that the damping rod 7 and the return spring 8 are contaminated, and at the same time it can reduce the sliding resistance without affecting the relative movement, so that the damping rod 7 and the return spring 8 can operate better and play a buffering role.

[0028] The cushioning airbag 10 is in the shape of a ring, and the middle part is hollow, so that the oil can pass through smoothly.

[0029] The fixing ring 9 is fixed on the buffer cavity. The fixing ring 9 can be used as a fixed point to facilitate the installation of one end of the buffer airbag 10. When the buffer airbag 10 is inflated, it will only move along the direction of the compression part 4, pushing the buffer plate 11 out a certain distance. The buffer plate 11 drives the telescopic end of the damping rod 7 to extend outward, and when the liquid impacts the buffer plate 11, it can have a better buffering effect.

[0030] When the buffer airbag 10 expands, it pushes the buffer plate 11 to move forward a certain distance, and the return spring 8 is stretched. After passing through the double-layer buffer and entering the buffer cavity 6, it flows back to the inside of the oil tank 15 through the oil outlet pipe 13. The return spring 8 is reset and pulls the buffer plate 11 toward the fixed end of the damping rod 7. The buffer plate 11 squeezes the buffer airbag 10, and the gas in the buffer airbag 10 flows to the inside of the compression part 4 through the through pipe 5, and the internal expansion of the compression part 4 returns to its original state.

[0031] See also Figure 3-6 The fixed end of the damping rod 7 is installed on the inner wall of the buffer cavity 6, and the telescopic end of the damping rod 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the buffer plate 11.

[0032] The fixed end is welded to the inner wall of the buffer cavity 6 by arc welding. The welding connection has high strength and stability. The fixed end of the damping rod 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the buffer cavity 6, which can prevent the damping rod 7 from being impacted or stretched and will be more stable.

[0033] See also Figure 1 The vertical end of the pressure relief pipe 2 penetrates the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 , and the horizontal end of the pressure relief pipe 2 extends through the buffer shell 3 and into the buffer chamber 6 .

[0034] The pressure relief pipe 2 passes through the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, but the opening at the connection between the cylinder body 1 and the pressure relief pipe 2 is set on the inner wall. When the piston 16 moves in the cylinder body 1, the pressure relief pipe 2 is installed on the top of the two chambers divided by the piston 16. When the oil delivery is stopped immediately, the pressure can be relieved in time in any chamber.

[0035] See also Figure 1 A piston 16 is slidably arranged inside the cylinder body 1, and the piston 16 divides the inside of the cylinder body 1 into two chambers. The inner walls of the two chambers are connected to oil pipes 14, and the other end of the oil pipes 14 is connected to an oil tank 15, and a hydraulic pump is installed on the oil pipes 14.

[0036] The oil tank 15 is arranged below the cylinder body 1. Due to gravity, the oil gushing out of the buffer chamber 6 due to the impact force can slide along the oil outlet pipe 13 to the inside of the oil tank 15. By changing the displacement or speed of the hydraulic pump, the flow rate of the oil output from the oil tank 15 can be adjusted, which is more important for meeting the flow requirements under different working conditions.

[0037] See also Figure 2 An oil outlet pipe 13 is provided on the top of the oil tank 15 , and the top end of the oil outlet pipe 13 extends to the inside of the buffer chamber 6 .

[0038] The connection between the buffer chamber 6 and the oil outlet pipe 13 is provided with an opening with the same diameter as the oil outlet pipe 13. When the return spring 8 is compressed or stretched, it will not collide with the return spring 8, and will not hinder the operation of the return spring 8. The connection between the oil outlet pipe 13 and the cylinder body 1 and the oil tank 15 is provided with a sealing ring. The sealing ring can effectively seal the connection to avoid gaps between the oil outlet pipe 13 and the cylinder body 1 and the oil tank 15, prevent hydraulic oil leakage, reduce oil loss, and avoid the leaked oil from polluting the surrounding environment.

[0039] Working principle: when oil is being pumped into the left chamber in the cylinder body 1, if the oil pumping is stopped suddenly, the piston 16 may be pushed forward due to the inertia of the sudden stop, which will generate a certain impact force on the right chamber of the cylinder body 1. The impact force squeezes the oil in the right chamber to the pressure relief pipe 2, and then enters the buffer chamber 6 from the pressure relief pipe 2 and rushes to the compression part 4. The compression part 4 is subjected to the impact force and is squeezed by the impact force. The gas inside the compression part 4 will enter the buffer airbag 10 through the through pipe 5, and the buffer airbag 10 will push the buffer airbag 10 to move the buffer plate 11 in the direction of the compression part 4, so that the contact distance between the buffer plate 11 and the oil becomes smaller, the impact force changes, but the volume of the squeezed oil remains unchanged.

[0040] The greater the impact force, the longer the telescopic end of the damping rod 7 extends, the greater the buffering force and the better the buffering effect.

[0041] The compression part 4 plays a first-level buffering role. When the oil impacts the buffer plate 11 through the gap formed by the compression and folding of the compression part 4, the damping rod 7 and the return spring 8 play a second-level buffering role. The compression part 4 first performs a preliminary buffering on the impact of the oil, reducing the initial impact force of the oil flow and protecting subsequent components. When the oil impacts the buffer plate 11, the damping rod 7 and the return spring 8 further play a second-level buffering role and reduce the impact again. The buffering effect helps to stabilize the pressure in the system. When the oil flows through the buffer structure, the pressure fluctuation is alleviated, avoiding the adverse effects of sudden pressure changes on the cylinder body 1.

[0042] When the compression part 4 is squeezed by the impact force generated by the oil, the gas inside the compression part 4 flows out, and the compression part 4 is compressed and folded along the folds, and the spring piece 12 is also compressed and folded from right to left. When the oil passes through the compression part 4, the spring piece 12 automatically resets itself due to its own elastic force, stretches from left to right, and drives the compression part 4 to return to its original state.

[0043] When the compression part 4 is squeezed by the impact force generated by the oil body, the compression part 4 will be squeezed from right to left in sequence according to the folds, and the folds will drive the spring piece 12 to be pressed from right to left. The serrated folds can make the pressing of the compression part 4 easier. The serrated fold design can make the pressing process of the compression part 4 more controllable, and it also has a certain rebound force, which facilitates the resetting of the compression part 4 after compression to a certain extent.

Claims

1. A hydraulic steering mechanism for construction machinery, characterized in that: include: The oil cylinder body (1) has a first oil inlet and a first oil outlet on the front and rear sides; A pressure relief pipe (2), one end of which is connected to the first oil outlet; The buffer housing (3) has a buffer chamber (6) inside, and is provided with a second oil inlet and a second oil outlet which are in communication with the buffer chamber (6); the other end of the pressure relief pipe (2) is connected to the second oil inlet; The buffer assembly is arranged in the buffer cavity (6), wherein the buffer assembly comprises at least a first buffer member, a compression portion (4) is arranged on the first buffer member, and the compression portion (4) is at least opposite to the second oil inlet, and is used for the compression portion (4) to be squeezed and deformed under the action of oil pressure.

2. The hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression part (4) comprises: The pleated top plate is set in an arc shape; The two mounting plates are arranged perpendicular to each other, one of the mounting plates is connected to the bottom of the buffer cavity (6), the other mounting plate is opposite to the second oil inlet, and both ends of the pleated top plate are respectively connected to the corresponding mounting plates.

3. The hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each tip portion of the pleated top plate opposite to the mounting plate is connected with an elastic sheet (12), and the other end of each elastic sheet (12) is connected to the intersection of the two mounting plates.

4. The hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer assembly also includes a second buffer component, wherein the second buffer component includes a damping rod (7) arranged along the axial direction of the buffer cavity (6); A fixing ring (9) is also provided in the buffer cavity (6); one end of the fixing ring (9) away from the damping rod (7) is connected to a buffer plate (11) via a buffer airbag (10), wherein the telescopic end of the damping rod (7) is connected to the plate surface of the buffer plate (11); a return spring (8) is sleeved on the outside of the damping rod (7), one end of which is connected to the side wall of the buffer cavity (6) and the other end of which is connected to the plate surface of the buffer plate (11); a second oil outlet is provided on the fixing ring (9) away from the buffer cavity (6) corresponding to the first buffer member; The sides of the two mounting plates are closed so that the first buffer member encloses an air cavity, a through pipe (5) is provided between the air cavity and the buffer airbag (10), the diameter of the buffer plate (11) is consistent with the inner diameter of the buffer cavity (6), and the circumferential outer wall of the buffer plate (11) abuts against the inner wall of the buffer cavity (6).

5. The hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical end of the pressure relief pipe (2) penetrates the inner wall of the oil cylinder body (1), and the horizontal end of the pressure relief pipe (2) penetrates the buffer shell (3) and extends into the buffer chamber (6).

6. The hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston (16) is slidably disposed inside the oil cylinder body (1), and the piston (16) divides the inside of the oil cylinder body (1) into two chambers. The inner walls of the two chambers are connected to oil pipes (14), and the other ends of the oil pipes (14) are connected to an oil tank (15). A hydraulic pump is installed on the oil pipes (14).

7. The hydraulic steering mechanism for engineering machinery according to claim 6, characterized in that: An oil outlet pipe (13) is provided at the top of the oil tank (15), and the top end of the oil outlet pipe (13) extends to the interior of the buffer chamber (6).

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