Ecological greening structure for high and steep rock slope and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological greening structure for a high and steep rock slope and a construction method. Relates to the technical field of rock slope repair, and comprises a rock slope rock wall, the rock slope rock wall is subjected to dangerous rock treatment, and an adhesive is arranged on the rock slope rock wall to level the slope surface; the rock wool vegetation blocks are hung on the rock wall of the rock slope through rivets in a nailing mode; and the metal net is hung on the side, away from the rock slope rock wall, of the rock wool vegetation block. The ecological regreening structure for the high and steep rock slope is wide in application range, can be applied to rock slopes with common gradients and can also be applied to high and steep rock slopes with high gradients; the construction technology is simple, and construction and installation of the structure can be completed without complex construction; the water retention effect is good, the water and fertilizer retention capacity is high, and rain wash can be resisted without being damaged; the green recovery effect is excellent, and the long-term green recovery target can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rock slope repair, and more particularly to an ecological greening structure for high and steep rock slopes and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the in-depth development of my country's mineral resources, the economy has grown significantly. But at the same time, this has also brought some environmental side effects. After the quarrying operations are closed, abandoned quarries often have high, steep, upright, irregular slopes, and no steps. In particular, many high, steep, and exposed rock slopes have been formed around the mining area. These slopes not only damage land resources, but also destroy the ecological diversity of vegetation, aggravate soil erosion, and damage the natural landscape, causing a series of ecological problems. To solve these problems and restore the vegetation on the rock slopes, the first task is to achieve ecological restoration.

[0003] In my country, slope protection and greening have always been important topics in environmental geotechnical engineering management. In order to improve the ecological environment of rock slopes, researchers have actively studied and vigorously promoted a series of new technologies, such as ecological concrete, vegetation bags, and rebar planting. The core purpose of these technologies is to transport soil and fertilizers necessary for plant growth to the surface of rock slopes, thereby promoting plant growth.

[0004] Although existing regreening technologies can regreen rock slopes, some of them can only complete short-term regreening of rock slopes and cannot guarantee the long-term feasibility of regreening; some of the slope regreening technologies are prone to compaction and cracking of the soil layer on the slope, which is easily damaged by rain erosion and has poor water and fertilizer retention capabilities; some of the slope regreening technologies are easier to use for slopes with smaller slopes, but are more difficult to use for steep rock slopes with larger slopes.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide an ecological restoration structure and construction method for steep rock slopes with a wide range of applications, simple construction technology, good water retention and excellent results is an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an ecological restoration structure and construction method for high and steep rock slopes, aiming to solve one of the problems in the above-mentioned background technology. It has a wide range of applications, simple construction technology, good water retention effect and excellent results.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An ecological greening structure for high and steep rock slopes, comprising:

[0009] Rock slope rock wall, the rock slope rock wall is treated as dangerous rock, and the rock slope rock wall is provided with an adhesive to level the slope surface;

[0010] A rock wool vegetation block, wherein the rock wool vegetation block is hung on the rock slope rock wall by means of rivets;

[0011] A metal mesh is hung on a side of the rock wool vegetation block away from the rock slope wall.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of the rivets are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction on the rock slope wall, and the metal mesh is hung on the plurality of the rivets.

[0013] Furthermore, the rock wool vegetation block includes a rock wool block, a vegetation soil matrix and a wire mesh, a placement groove is provided on the side of the rock wool block to fill the vegetation soil matrix, and the wire mesh covers the placement groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the vegetation soil matrix includes clay loam, vermiculite powder, straw particles, fly ash, plant fibers, plant seeds, water retaining agent and plant growth nutrient solution.

[0015] Furthermore, the shape of the placement slot is set to be square, oval or circular, and the number of the placement slots is set to one, two or more.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention proposes a construction method for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes, based on the above-mentioned high and steep rock slope ecological restoration structure, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Prepare a water-retaining agent, add 300-500 parts of super absorbent resin to 500-800 parts of water, put it into a blender, and slowly stir it at 10-100°C for 20 minutes to allow the super absorbent resin to fully absorb water;

[0018] Step 2: preparing a vegetation soil matrix (22), putting 700-900 parts of clay loam, 100-200 parts of vermiculite powder, 150-250 parts of straw pellets, 100-200 parts of fly ash, 100-150 parts of plant fiber, 50-150 parts of plant seeds, a water retaining agent and 50 parts of plant growth nutrient solution into a blender, adding water and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed vegetation soil matrix;

[0019] Step 3: Make a rock wool planting block, set a placement groove on the side of the rock wool block, fill the placement groove with the prepared planting soil matrix, and cover the placement groove with wire mesh;

[0020] Step 4: First, detect the rock slope and rock wall, remove the existing dangerous rocks and hidden dangerous rocks, and use adhesive to slightly smooth the rock slope and rock wall;

[0021] Step 5: Drive rivets into the rock wall of the rock slope, hang the metal mesh with the rivets, and fix the metal mesh with wire;

[0022] Step 6: Use the rivets on the rock slope to hang the prepared rock wool vegetation block on the rock slope;

[0023] Step 7: Use rivets to hang a metal mesh (5) on the outside of the rock wool planting block (2), and use iron wire to fix the metal mesh (5).

[0024] Furthermore, in step 2, the length of the plant fiber is between 4 and 15 cm; the particle size of the vermiculite powder is between 1 and 3 mm; the particle size of the straw particles is between 3 and 5 mm; the fineness of the fly ash is between 70 and 90 meshes; the plant fiber is one or more of palm fiber, coconut bran fiber, corn straw fiber, sisal fiber, and flax fiber; and the plant seeds are one or more of Bidens pilosa, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Setaria viridis, and Cynodon dactylon.

[0025] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a high and steep rock slope ecological greening structure, which has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. It has a wide range of applications, and can be used not only on rock slopes with normal slopes, but also on steep rock slopes with higher slopes;

[0027] 2. The construction technology is simple, and the structure can be assembled and installed without complicated construction;

[0028] 3. Good water retention effect, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, can resist rain erosion without being damaged;

[0029] 4. The greening effect is excellent and can achieve long-term greening goals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the ecological greening structure for high and steep rock slopes provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological greening structure for high and steep rock slopes provided by the present invention (from another perspective);

[0033] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of the rock wool vegetation block provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the rock wool vegetation block provided by the present invention (from another perspective).

[0035] Among them: 1 is a rock slope rock wall; 2 is a rock wool vegetation block; 21 is a rock wool block; 22 is a vegetation soil matrix; 23 is a wire mesh; 3 is an adhesive; 4 is a rivet; and 5 is a metal mesh. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1-4 The embodiment of the present invention discloses an ecological greening structure for a high and steep rock slope, comprising:

[0038] The rock slope rock wall 1 is treated with dangerous rocks, and the rock slope rock wall 1 is provided with an adhesive 3 to level the slope surface;

[0039] A rock wool vegetation block 2, which is hung on a rock slope rock wall 1 by means of rivets 4;

[0040] The metal mesh 5 is hung on a side of the rock wool vegetation block 2 away from the rock slope wall 1 .

[0041] In this embodiment, a plurality of rivets 4 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction on the rock slope wall 1, and a metal mesh 5 is hung on the plurality of rivets 4; although plants such as creeper and Cynodon dactylon have strong climbing ability and can rely on the external environment for climbing, it is necessary to confirm whether the surface of rock wool and the surface of rock slope can be firmly adsorbed. At the same time, when planted on a high and steep rock slope, it is also subject to the threat of the external environment, such as natural wind and heavy rain. In order to improve the climbing efficiency of plants and enhance the reliability of plant attachment, a metal mesh 5 is added to the rock slope wall 1 to assist plants in climbing.

[0042] In this embodiment, the rock wool vegetation block 2 includes a rock wool block 21, a vegetation soil matrix 22 and a wire mesh 23. A placement groove is set on the side of the rock wool block 21 to fill the vegetation soil matrix 22, and the wire mesh 23 covers the placement groove; the vegetation soil matrix 22 is fixed in the rock wool block 21 through the wire mesh 23.

[0043] In this embodiment, the vegetation soil matrix 22 includes clay loam, vermiculite powder, straw particles, fly ash, plant fibers, plant seeds, water retaining agent and plant growth nutrient solution.

[0044] In this embodiment, the shape of the placement slot is set to be square, oval or circular, and the number of the placement slots is set to be one, two or more; placement slots of different shapes and numbers are set according to actual conditions.

[0045] On the other hand, the present invention proposes a construction method for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes, based on the above-mentioned ecological restoration structure of steep rock slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Prepare a water-retaining agent, add 300-500 parts of super absorbent resin to 500-800 parts of water, put it into a blender, and slowly stir it at 10-100°C for 20 minutes to allow the super absorbent resin to fully absorb water;

[0047] Step 2: Prepare the vegetation soil matrix 22, put 700-900 parts of clay loam, 100-200 parts of vermiculite powder, 150-250 parts of straw pellets, 100-200 parts of fly ash, 100-150 parts of plant fiber, 50-150 parts of plant seeds, water retaining agent and 50 parts of plant growth nutrient solution into a blender, add water and stir for 30 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed vegetation soil matrix 22;

[0048] Step 3: Make a rock wool planting block 2, set a placement groove on the side of the rock wool block 21, fill the placement groove with the prepared planting soil matrix 22, and cover the placement groove with a wire mesh 23;

[0049] Step 4: First, detect the rock slope wall 1, remove the existing dangerous rocks and hidden dangerous rocks, and use the adhesive 3 to slightly level the rock slope wall 1;

[0050] Step 5: driving rivets 4 into the rock slope wall 1, hanging the metal mesh 5 with the rivets 4, and fixing the metal mesh 5 with iron wire;

[0051] Step 6: Use the rivets 4 on the rock slope wall 1 to hang the prepared rock wool vegetation block 2 on the rock slope wall 1;

[0052] Step 7: hang the metal mesh 5 on the rock wool planting block 2 through the rivets 4, and fix the metal mesh 5 with iron wire;

[0053] In this embodiment, the length of the plant fiber in step 2 is between 4 and 15 cm; the particle size of the vermiculite powder is between 1 and 3 mm; the particle size of the straw particles is between 3 and 5 mm; the fineness of the fly ash is between 70 and 90 meshes; the plant fiber is one or more of palm fiber, coconut bran fiber, corn straw fiber, sisal fiber, and flax fiber; the plant seeds are one or more of Bidens pilosa, Parthenocissus quinquefolius, Setaria viridis, and Cynodon dactylon;

[0054] Vermiculite powder is a soil conditioner with multiple functions. It contains nutrients necessary for plant growth, such as potassium, magnesium, calcium, and iron. It can be used as a mineral fertilizer to provide plants with necessary trace elements. Vermiculite powder has strong water absorption and can absorb water several times its own weight, effectively maintaining soil humidity, reducing water evaporation, and thus improving soil water retention. Its porous structure not only improves soil air permeability, but also provides excellent breathing conditions for plant roots, which is beneficial to the healthy growth and stable development of the root system. It can also neutralize soil acidic substances and adjust to a neutral state suitable for plant growth. In addition, the cation exchange and adsorption of vermiculite powder improve soil particle structure, increase porosity, improve air permeability and drainage, and help form a good soil environment and promote healthy plant growth.

[0055] Straw pellets can improve the physical structure of the soil, increase porosity, improve ventilation and water permeability, absorb water during droughts to help the soil retain water and reduce water evaporation. When decomposing, they release nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, directly or indirectly increase fertility, increase organic matter content, improve structure, provide food sources and habitats for soil microorganisms, promote microbial reproduction, accelerate organic matter decomposition and nutrient circulation, and use straw pellets to improve the soil, reduce the accumulation and incineration of agricultural waste, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0056] Fly ash is rich in silicon, aluminum, and trace manganese, copper, zinc and other trace elements required for plant growth. It can provide nutrition for plants and promote their healthy growth. Fly ash can improve soil fertility, release nutrients when unburned organic matter decomposes, increase organic matter content, improve soil physical properties, and reduce bulk density. Appropriate application can improve plant water use efficiency, increase intercellular CO2 concentration and chlorophyll concentration, promote growth and photosynthesis. It can also stimulate soil microbial activity, accelerate organic matter decomposition, and promote soil nutrient circulation. Fly ash can regulate soil pH, improve over-acidic or over-alkaline soil, and make the soil pH value reach a suitable range for plant growth.

[0057] Plant fibers can help form soil aggregates, fix soil particles, and reduce the impact of wind and water erosion. In addition, they can optimize soil porosity, improve soil air permeability and water permeability, regulate soil temperature, and reduce the impact of extreme temperatures on crop growth. The decomposition of plant fibers can increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve soil fertility and improve soil structure. The present invention mainly uses the soil reinforcement ability of plant fibers, and adopts randomly distributed fibers to enhance soil cohesion.

[0058] In addition, in the present embodiment, the manufacturing method of the rock wool vegetation block 2 is as follows: take rock wool with a size of 1200*600*150 mm, and open an elliptical cylindrical hole with a long axis of 200 mm, a short axis of 50 mm, and a depth of 1000 mm in the center of the short side of the rock wool; fill the prepared vegetation soil matrix 22 into the elliptical cylindrical hole, lightly compact it to 100 mm from the side, and then block the hole with rock wool, and then wrap the rock wool block with wire mesh 23 to complete the manufacturing of the rock wool vegetation block 2;

[0059] Take rock wool with a size of 1200*600*150 mm, and open a rectangular hole with a length of 400 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a depth of 1000 mm in the center of the short side; fill the prepared vegetation soil matrix 22 into the rectangular hole, lightly compact it to 100 mm from the side, and then block the hole with rock wool, and then wrap the rock wool block with wire mesh 23 to complete the production of rock wool vegetation block 2;

[0060] Take rock wool with a size of 1200*600*150 (unit: mm), open two rectangular holes with a length of 170 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a depth of 1000 mm in the center of the short side, and the distance between the two holes is 60 mm; fill the prepared vegetation soil matrix 22 into the rectangular holes, lightly compact it to 100 mm from the side, then block the hole with rock wool, and then wrap the rock wool block with wire mesh 23 to complete the production of rock wool vegetation block 2;

[0061] Take rock wool with a size of 1200*600*150 mm, and make three cylindrical holes with a diameter of 100 mm and a depth of 1000 mm in the center of the short side. The distance between the three holes is 50 mm; fill the prepared vegetation soil matrix 22 into the rectangular holes, lightly compact it to 100 mm from the side, then block the hole with rock wool, and then wrap the rock wool block with wire mesh 23 to complete the production of rock wool vegetation block 2.

[0062] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0063] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ecological greening structure for high and steep rock slopes, characterized in that: include: A rocky side slope and rock wall (1), wherein the rocky side slope and rock wall (1) is subjected to dangerous rock treatment, and an adhesive (3) is provided on the rocky side slope and rock wall (1) to smooth the slope surface; A rock wool vegetation block (2), wherein the rock wool vegetation block (2) is hung on the rock slope wall (1) by means of rivets (4); A metal mesh (5), wherein the metal mesh (5) is hung on a side of the rock wool vegetation block (2) away from the rock slope wall (1).

2. According to claim 1, the high and steep rock slope ecological greening structure is characterized by: A plurality of rivets (4) are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction on the rock slope rock wall (1), and the metal mesh (5) is hung on the plurality of rivets (4).

3. The high and steep rock slope ecological greening structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rock wool vegetation block (2) comprises a rock wool block (21), a vegetation soil matrix (22) and a wire mesh (23); a placement groove is arranged on the side of the rock wool block (21) to fill the vegetation soil matrix (22), and the wire mesh (23) covers the placement groove.

4. The high and steep rock slope ecological greening structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The vegetation soil matrix (22) comprises clay loam, vermiculite powder, straw particles, fly ash, plant fibers, plant seeds, water retaining agent and plant growth nutrient solution.

5. The high and steep rock slope ecological greening structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The shape of the placement slot is set to be square, oval or circular, and the number of the placement slots is set to be one, two or more.

6. A construction method for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes, according to the construction method for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Prepare a water-retaining agent, add 300-500 parts of super absorbent resin to 500-800 parts of water, put it into a blender, and slowly stir it at 10-100°C for 20 minutes to allow the super absorbent resin to fully absorb water; Step 2: preparing a vegetation soil matrix (22), putting 700-900 parts of clay loam, 100-200 parts of vermiculite powder, 150-250 parts of straw pellets, 100-200 parts of fly ash, 100-150 parts of plant fiber, 50-150 parts of plant seeds, a water retaining agent and 50 parts of plant growth nutrient solution into a blender, adding water and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain a uniformly mixed vegetation soil matrix (22); Step 3: Prepare a rock wool planting block (2), set a placement groove on the side of the rock wool block (21), fill the placement groove with the prepared planting soil matrix (22), and cover the placement groove with a wire mesh (23); Step 4: First, detect the rock slope wall (1), remove the existing dangerous rocks and hidden dangerous rocks, and use adhesive (3) to slightly smooth the rock slope wall (1); Step 5: driving rivets (4) into the rock slope wall (1), hanging the metal mesh (5) with the rivets (4), and fixing the metal mesh (5) with iron wire; Step 6: Using the rivets (4) on the rock slope wall (1), the prepared rock wool vegetation block (2) is nailed and hung on the rock slope wall (1); Step 7: Hang the metal mesh (5) on the outside of the rock wool vegetation block (2) through rivets (4), and fix the metal mesh (5) with iron wire.

7. The method for ecological greening of high and steep rock slopes according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The length of the plant fiber in step 2 is between 4 and 15 cm; the particle size of the vermiculite powder is between 1 and 3 mm; the particle size of the straw particles is between 3 and 5 mm; the fineness of the fly ash is between 70 and 90 meshes; the plant fiber is one or more of palm fiber, coconut bran fiber, corn straw fiber, sisal fiber, and flax fiber; the plant seeds are one or more of Bidens pilosa, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Setaria viridis, and Cynodon dactylon.

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