Fertilizer synergistic composition, special corn fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a fertilizer synergistic composition, a special corn fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The fertilizer synergistic composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.6%-5.0% of polyaspartic acid, 1.2%-4.0% of polyacrylamide, 0.3%-2.0% of a nitrification inhibitor and the balance of zeolite powder. The invention also provides a special corn fertilizer containing the fertilizer synergistic composition. The polyacrylamide in the composition provided by the invention can improve the soil structure, increase the porosity and air permeability of the soil, improve the water retention capacity of the soil and reduce the permeability of the soil, so that the fertility of the soil and the yield of crops are improved. According to the fertilizer synergist, the utilization degree of a fertilizer is increased, the release speed of the fertilizer is controlled, and the fertilizer can act for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a fertilizer synergistic composition and a special fertilizer for corn and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizer is an important agricultural production material and plays an irreplaceable role in the development of agricultural production. The most commonly used fertilizer is nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer. Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential nutrients for plant growth. Many important organic compounds in plants contain nitrogen and phosphorus, and nitrogen and phosphorus participate in many important physiological processes in plants.

[0003] Corn is the largest grain crop in my country. It is the fastest growing grain crop among all major grain crops in my country, with the highest self-sufficiency rate, the most obvious production advantages, and the largest potential for increasing production and consumer demand growth. In recent years, in order to increase corn production, a large amount of chemical fertilizers have been used when planting corn. First, it will increase the cost of planting. Second, excessive use of chemical fertilizers will cause soil environmental deterioration and the emergence of inferior agricultural products. Therefore, adding certain synergistic substances to fertilizers to enhance the fertility of ordinary fertilizers can effectively increase crop yields and quality.

[0004] Existing fertilizer synergists work through two methods: internal control and external control. External control is to wrap the synergist on the outside of the fertilizer particles by coating or encapsulation; while internal control is to mix the synergist with the fertilizer and directly make it into particles. External control synergism can usually only control the release of nitrogen, and cannot utilize elements such as phosphorus and potassium. Therefore, internal control fertilizer synergists are the main research direction now. However, the release rate of existing fertilizers is too fast. Although fertilizer synergists can increase the utilization of fertilizers, they cannot control the release rate of fertilizers, resulting in the fertilizers not being able to work for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problem that the existing fertilizer synergists cannot control the release rate of the fertilizer, the present invention provides a fertilizer synergistic composition and a special fertilizer for corn and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problem.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fertilizer synergistic composition, comprising the following components in weight percentage: 0.6% to 5.0% polyaspartic acid, 1.2% to 4.0% polyacrylamide, 0.3% to 2.0% nitrification inhibitor, and the balance being zeolite powder.

[0007] Furthermore, the particle size of the zeolite powder is D90=120~180μm.

[0008] Furthermore, the degree of polymerization of polyaspartic acid is 40-50.

[0009] Furthermore, the degree of polymerization of polyacrylamide is 30,000-50,000.

[0010] Furthermore, the nitrification inhibitor is one of guanylthiourea, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine, and dicyandiamide.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a special fertilizer for corn containing a fertilizer enhancing composition, including: the following components in parts by weight: 5 to 10 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10 to 30 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, 10 to 30 parts of potassium fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts of the fertilizer enhancing composition, and 0.5 to 1 part of trace elements.

[0012] Furthermore, the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one of urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; and the potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

[0013] Trace elements include boric acid and EDTA salts of zinc, copper and manganese.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a special fertilizer for corn containing a fertilizer synergistic composition, comprising the following steps: (1) Take polyaspartic acid, polyacrylamide and nitrification inhibitor, add water and stir to dissolve; (2) Add zeolite powder and stir evenly to make the mixed system into a uniform suspension system; (3) spray drying to obtain a fertilizer synergistic composition; (4) Nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, fertilizer synergistic composition and trace elements are mixed and granulated to obtain a special fertilizer for corn containing the fertilizer synergistic composition.

[0015] Furthermore, the particle size of the corn-specific fertilizer is 3 to 5 mm.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The fertilizer enhancing composition provided by the present invention is rich in zeolite powder. The zeolite powder has a porous structure. When preparing the fertilizer enhancing composition, it can adsorb substances such as aspartic acid and polyacrylamide, and then be mixed with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to form a fertilizer suitable for corn growth. The polyacrylamide in the composition can improve the soil structure, increase the porosity and air permeability of the soil, improve the water retention capacity of the soil, and reduce the permeability of the soil, thereby improving soil fertility and crop yield. At the same time, it can reduce fertilizer loss: polyacrylamide stabilizes the water-stable granular structure, adsorbs fertilizer elements, and inhibits the loss of fertilizer elements, thereby improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer. The role of aspartic acid in fertilizers mainly includes promoting plant growth, increasing seed germination rate, promoting protein synthesis, and providing nitrogen sources during the growth period. In addition, aspartic acid can also reduce the absorption of heavy metals by plant roots and improve the growth of crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1 A special fertilizer for corn containing a fertilizer synergistic composition, comprising the following components by weight: 10 parts of urea, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 15 parts of potassium sulfate, 12 parts of the fertilizer synergistic composition, and 1 part of trace elements. The trace elements include boric acid, EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, and EDTA manganese; the fertilizer synergistic composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.6% of polyaspartic acid (polymerization degree of 40), 1.2% of polyacrylamide (polymerization degree of 40000), 1.0% of guanyl thiourea, and 97.2% of zeolite powder (D90=125μm).

[0019] The preparation method is as follows: (1) Take polyaspartic acid, polyacrylamide and guanylthiourea, add water and stir to dissolve; (2) Add zeolite powder and stir evenly to make the mixed system into a uniform suspension system; (3) spray drying to obtain a fertilizer synergistic composition; (4) Urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, the fertilizer enhancing composition and trace elements are mixed and granulated into 3-5 mm granules to obtain a special fertilizer for corn containing the fertilizer enhancing composition.

[0020] Example 2 A special fertilizer for corn containing a fertilizer synergistic composition, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 7.5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 30 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of the fertilizer synergistic composition, and 0.5 parts of trace elements. The trace elements include boric acid, EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, and EDTA manganese; the fertilizer synergistic composition comprises the following components in weight percentage: 3.0% polyaspartic acid (polymerization degree of 50), 2.5% polyacrylamide (polymerization degree of 30000), 0.3% dicyandiamide, and 94.2% zeolite powder (D90=140μm).

[0021] The preparation method is as follows: (1) Take polyaspartic acid, polyacrylamide and dicyandiamide, add water and stir to dissolve; (2) Add zeolite powder and stir evenly to make the mixed system into a uniform suspension system; (3) spray drying to obtain a fertilizer synergistic composition; (4) ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, the fertilizer enhancing composition and trace elements are mixed and granulated into particles with a particle size of 3 to 5 mm to obtain a special fertilizer for corn containing the fertilizer enhancing composition.

[0022] Example 3 A special fertilizer for corn containing a fertilizer synergistic composition, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 15 parts of the fertilizer synergistic composition, and 1 part of trace elements. The trace elements include boric acid, EDTA zinc, EDTA copper, and EDTA manganese; the fertilizer synergistic composition comprises the following components in weight percentage: 5.0% polyaspartic acid (polymerization degree of 50), 4.0% polyacrylamide (polymerization degree of 30000), 2.0% dicyandiamide, and 89.0% zeolite powder (D90=120μm).

[0023] The preparation method is as follows: (1) Take polyaspartic acid, polyacrylamide and dicyandiamide, add water and stir to dissolve; (2) Add zeolite powder and stir evenly to make the mixed system into a uniform suspension system; (3) spray drying to obtain a fertilizer synergistic composition; (4) Ammonium nitrate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, the fertilizer enhancing composition and trace elements are mixed and granulated into particles with a particle size of 3 to 5 mm to obtain a special fertilizer for corn containing the fertilizer enhancing composition.

[0024] Comparative Example A nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, wherein the weight ratio of N:P:K is 4:1:2, specifically comprising: 20 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10 parts of urea, and 15 parts of potassium sulfate. The above components are mixed with necessary auxiliary materials and granulated to obtain the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.

[0025] Test Case The special fertilizers for corn prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and the compound fertilizers of the comparative example were used for field tests.

[0026] Test variety: corn variety Beinong 9015.

[0027] Experimental location: Heze City, Shandong Province.

[0028] Trial period: May 2023 to August 2023.

[0029] There are 4 experimental groups in total, each group covers 1 mu.

[0030] The amount of fertilizer used was determined according to the local farmers' usual amount, and the fertilization method was the farmers' usual method, that is, the fertilizer was evenly spread on the field surface during sowing, and then deep plowed into the soil. 30 to 35 days after sowing, 15 kg of urea was applied per mu; when entering the large bell mouth period (60 to 65 days after sowing), 25 kg of fertilizer was applied per mu. Soil samples were taken 15 days after the fertilization period to test the element content in the soil, and the per mu yield of each experimental group was counted after harvest. The specific results are shown in Tables 1 and 2: Table 1 - Test values ​​of element contents in soil

[0031] Table 2 - Yield per mu of each experimental group

[0032] It can be seen from the experimental results in Table 1 and Table 2 that the special fertilizer for corn containing the fertilizer synergistic composition prepared by the present invention can significantly increase the per-acre yield of corn, and the compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention can continuously release fertilizer into the soil.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art may easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and such changes or substitutions shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer synergistic composition, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in weight percentage: 0.6% to 5.0% of polyaspartic acid, 1.2% to 4.0% of polyacrylamide, 0.3% to 2.0% of nitrification inhibitor, and the balance of zeolite powder.

2. The fertilizer synergistic composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of zeolite powder is D90=120~180μm.

3. The fertilizer synergistic composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The degree of polymerization of polyaspartic acid is 40~50.

4. The fertilizer synergistic composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The degree of polymerization of polyacrylamide is 30,000~50,000.

5. The fertilizer synergistic composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrification inhibitor is one of guanylthiourea, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine and dicyandiamide.

6. A special fertilizer for corn comprising the fertilizer synergistic composition according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The following components in parts by weight: 5 to 10 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10 to 30 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, 10 to 30 parts of potash fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts of fertilizer synergistic composition, and 0.5 to 1 part of trace elements.

7. The special fertilizer for corn according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer is at least one of urea, ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; and the potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

8. The special fertilizer for corn according to claim 6, characterized in that: Trace elements include boric acid and EDTA salts of zinc, copper and manganese.

9. A method for preparing the special fertilizer for corn as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Take polyaspartic acid, polyacrylamide and nitrification inhibitor, add water and stir to dissolve; (2) Add zeolite powder and stir evenly to make the mixed system into a uniform suspension system; (3) spray drying to obtain a fertilizer synergistic composition; (4) Nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, fertilizer synergistic composition and trace elements are mixed and granulated to obtain a special fertilizer for corn containing the fertilizer synergistic composition.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The particle size of corn-specific fertilizer is 3~5mm.

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