Solid hydrogen storage bottle with complex structure and processing technology method

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid hydrogen storage bottle with a complex structure and a processing technique, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage equipment production. Comprising the steps of mold manufacturing, raw material preparation, bottle body extrusion, aging treatment, structure adjustment, end sealing, hardness and pressure detection, inner and outer surface treatment, valve assembly and air tightness testing. According to the machining technology, one-time forming of a complex heat exchange structure can be achieved, cost is low, quality is stable, production is convenient and fast, the process is simple, and large-scale manufacturing and application of products are facilitated; according to the solid hydrogen storage bottle machined through the machining technology, the internal complex heat exchange structure and the bottle wall are integrally formed without any gap, gap heat resistance can be avoided, and the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved; and a complicated structure in the bottle body is integrated with the bottle wall, so that the strength and the pressure resistance of the bottle body are remarkably improved, and the service life and the safety of equipment can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a solid-state hydrogen storage bottle with a complex structure and a processing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen storage equipment production. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen is an important chemical raw material and energy carrier, and is widely used due to its special properties. In social production and life, hydrogen needs to go through five links from production to utilization: preparation, separation, storage, transportation and use. However, due to the characteristics of hydrogen such as low density, small molecules, high energy, easy combustion, and large explosion limit range in the air, safe and efficient storage of hydrogen is the key link in the use of hydrogen.

[0003] The current mainstream hydrogen storage technology routes are mainly high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, organic liquid hydrogen storage and metal hydride solid hydrogen storage.

[0004] High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage increases the hydrogen storage density by compressing hydrogen to a high pressure (such as 35MPa or higher). The pressure resistance of the material limits the extent of the increase in hydrogen storage density. The compression energy consumption is high, and the containers and key components must be pressure-resistant. The consequences of accidental hydrogen leakage or container explosion are more serious when risks occur.

[0005] Cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage liquefies hydrogen at temperatures below -253°C to increase the hydrogen storage density. In order to ensure low temperature and high pressure conditions, not only are there requirements for the storage tank material, but also a matching and strict insulation plan and cooling equipment are required. The energy consumption is extremely high under daily conditions. Cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage technology is mainly used in the military and aerospace fields.

[0006] Organic liquid hydrogen storage combines hydrogen with inorganic carbon or organic matter with low hydrogen content through hydrogenation reaction to generate liquid organic matter with high hydrogen content (such as methanol) to increase the mass storage density of hydrogen. However, complex chemical processes often lead to higher energy consumption and reduced product purity, and the process needs to be further optimized.

[0007] Metal hydride solid-state hydrogen storage stores hydrogen in solid-state hydrogen storage materials by reacting alloy hydrogen storage materials with hydrogen to generate metal hydrides. Compared with other hydrogen storage methods, it has the advantages of high hydrogen storage density, low pressure, low environmental requirements, high purity, and good safety. In addition, solid-state hydrogen storage absorbs heat when releasing hydrogen, and integration with fuel cells can make full use of fuel cell waste heat and improve the comprehensive energy utilization rate. Therefore, solid-state hydrogen storage has been widely used and developed in the hydrogen energy industry.

[0008] Solid-state hydrogen storage generally uses low-pressure container devices to fill hydrogen storage materials, but solid-state hydrogen storage materials will release or absorb a lot of heat when absorbing and releasing hydrogen. When the actual temperature deviates too much from the designed operating temperature, the rate of hydrogen absorption and desorption will decrease or even stop. Therefore, a certain heat exchange structure is often arranged in the container device. In existing hydrogen storage devices, the bottle body is mostly machined and cut, the internal heat exchange structure and hydrogen storage material are filled, and then sealed by welding, flanges or threads. The processing cost is high, the safety is poor, and the heat exchange structure is difficult to fit completely tightly to the bottle wall, which will produce gap thermal resistance and greatly reduce the heat exchange effect. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the above analysis, the present invention provides a solid-state hydrogen storage bottle with a complex structure and a processing method.

[0010] A complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle, the bottle body is integrally formed and can be divided into an end portion and a middle portion. The end portion can be divided into an upper and lower side, which can be sealed by reverse extrusion, stretching or spinning or welding sealing, etc.; the middle portion has a complex structure integrally stretched and formed with the outer wall or other structures inserted therein.

[0011] A processing method for a complex structure solid-state hydrogen storage bottle comprises the following steps: mold making, raw material preparation, bottle body extrusion, aging treatment, structure adjustment, end sealing, hardness and pressure testing, internal and external surface treatment, valve assembly, and air tightness testing.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The processing technology of the present invention can realize one-time molding of complex heat exchange structures, with low cost, stable quality, convenient production and simple process, which is conducive to large-scale manufacturing and application of products.

[0014] (2) The solid hydrogen storage bottle processed by the processing technology of the present invention has a complex internal heat exchange structure and the bottle wall formed as one piece without any gap. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 or Figure 7 The structure can avoid the generation of gap thermal resistance and greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0015] (3) The solid-state hydrogen storage bottle processed by the processing technology of the present invention has a complex internal structure integrated with the bottle wall, which significantly increases the strength and pressure resistance of the bottle body, and can effectively improve the service life and safety of the equipment.

[0016] The heat exchange structure and the bottle body are integrally formed during processing, so there is no problem of loose fit.

[0017] The present invention completely solves the problem of contact thermal resistance by integrally forming the heat exchange structure with the bottle wall, thereby greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure processed using the processing technology of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a structure processed using the processing technology of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a second three-dimensional schematic diagram of a structure processed using the processing technology of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second structure processed by the processing technology of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of three perspective views of a structure processed by the processing technology of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of three cross sections of a structure processed using the processing technology of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of the internal structure.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the processing process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Obviously, many modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art based on the purpose of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless expressly stated, the singular forms "a", "an", "said" and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when an element or component is said to be "connected" to another element or component, it may be directly connected to the other element or component, or there may be an intermediate element or component. The term "and / or" used herein includes any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0030] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art.

[0031] To facilitate the understanding of the embodiments, further explanations will be given below, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a complex structure solid-state hydrogen storage bottle.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper side of the end of the bottle body 1 of structure 1 is welded and sealed, and the lower side is spun and sealed, and the inner cavity has integrally formed arc-shaped fins 2 distributed in a circumference.

[0034] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the inner cavity of the bottle body 1 of the structure 2 is connected to the fin-tube complex structure 3, the two sides of the second circular tube 7 of the fin-tube complex structure 3 are respectively connected to the left fin 8 and the right fin 9, the circumference of the first circular tube 18 is respectively connected to the upper fin 17, the lower fin 18, the front fin 16 and the rear fin 6, the circumference of the third circular tube 12 is respectively connected to the fin 10, the fin 2 11, the fin 3 13 and the fin 4 14, the rear fin 6 is connected to the inner cavity of the bottle body 1, the front fin 16 is respectively connected to the left fin 8 and the fin 4 14, Figure 7 The structures shown are respectively connected to the inner cavity of the bottle body 1.

[0035] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the inner cavity of the bottle body 1 of the structure three is connected to the fins 4 which are radially distributed in a circumference, and a double-layer spiral tube structure 5 is placed in the inner cavity.

[0036] A complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle processing method, referring to Figure 8 , the steps are as follows:

[0037] Step 1: Design the internal structure and make the corresponding mold required for processing;

[0038] Step 2: Raw material preparation and re-inspection of raw materials;

[0039] Step 3: Cutting;

[0040] Step 4: extrusion molding;

[0041] Step 5: Aging treatment;

[0042] Step 6: Process and adjust the formed structure;

[0043] Step 7: Connect the inner cavity to the required structure;

[0044] Step 8: Annealing, spinning, heat treatment, or end cap processing and sealing;

[0045] Step 9: Conduct hardness test;

[0046] Step 10: Process the bottle mouth;

[0047] Step 11: Perform pressure testing;

[0048] Step 12: pickling and baking;

[0049] Step 13: External surface treatment;

[0050] Step 14: Assemble valve parts;

[0051] Step 15: Air tightness test.

[0052] In the above steps:

[0053] After the extrusion molding described in step 4 is completed, the wall thickness should be tested using an ultrasonic thickness gauge or a special measuring tool. The acceptance criteria are as follows: (1) the wall thickness at any point on the bottle body should not be less than the designed wall thickness; (2) a tensile test is performed, and the sampling position for the tensile test is to cut two specimens symmetrically from the middle of the cylinder longitudinally.

[0054] The processing adjustment described in step 6 also includes the use of an endoscope or endoscope light to inspect the inner surface. Qualification standard: The inner surface should not have visible cracks, pits, interlayers, scratches or bumps that affect the strength locally. The surface defects can be removed by grinding. After the defects are eliminated, the parts should be smoothly transitioned, and the wall thickness should not be less than the designed wall thickness.

[0055] The structure described in step 7 includes: Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 or Figure 7 The structure, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the inner cavity of the bottle body 1 of the structure 2 is connected to the fin-tube complex structure 3, the two sides of the second circular tube 7 of the fin-tube complex structure 3 are respectively connected to the left fin 8 and the right fin 9, the circumference of the first circular tube 18 is respectively connected to the upper fin 17, the lower fin 18, the front fin 16 and the rear fin 6, the circumference of the third circular tube 12 is respectively connected to the fin 10, the fin 2 11, the fin 3 13 and the fin 4 14, the rear fin 6 is connected to the inner cavity of the bottle body 1, the front fin 16 is respectively connected to the left fin 8 and the fin 4 14, Figure 7 The structures shown are respectively connected to the inner cavity of the bottle body 1.

[0056] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the inner cavity of the bottle body 1 of the structure three is connected to the fins 4 which are radially distributed in a circumference, and a double-layer spiral tube structure 5 is placed in the inner cavity.

[0057] Heat and mass transfer structures such as multi-leaf fins, unit stacking, internal partitions, and circulating pipelines can also be used. There is no restriction on the structure used, and different structures have different effects on heat exchange and support.

[0058] The heat treatment described in step 8 includes: solution treatment, quenching, post-aging heat treatment and other steps; fatigue test is carried out after heat treatment, the upper limit of cycle pressure should not be lower than the water pressure test pressure of the gas cylinder, the lower limit of cycle pressure should not be higher than 10% of the water pressure test pressure (maximum not exceeding 3MPa), the test method should comply with the provisions of GB / T 9252, and the qualified standard is: the aluminum cylinder has no leakage or explosion after at least 12,000 pressure cycle tests.

[0059] The hardness detection test method described in step 9 should comply with the provisions of GB / T2301 or GB / T2311. The qualified standard is: the hardness value should be within the range specified by the aluminum bottle manufacturing unit.

[0060] The aluminum bottle manufacturing unit is an aluminum bottle manufacturing factory.

[0061] The pressure test described in step 11 is carried out according to the water pressure test pressure. The test method should comply with the provisions of GB / T9251. The qualified standard is: at the test pressure, the pressure should be maintained for at least 30 seconds, the pressure gauge pointer should not drop, the bottle should not leak or deform significantly. The volume residual deformation rate should not be greater than 5%.

[0062] The outer surface treatment described in step 13 includes: surface polishing, grinding, etc. For the appearance inspection, the qualified standard is: the outer surface should not have visible cracks, pits, interlayers, scratches or bumps and other defects that locally affect the strength. Polishing and grinding are used to remove surface defects. After the defects are eliminated, the part should have a smooth transition, and the wall thickness should not be less than the designed wall thickness.

[0063] The air tightness test described in step 15 includes: it should be carried out after the water pressure test, the test pressure is the nominal working pressure, the test method should comply with the provisions of GB / T12137, and the qualified standard is: under the test pressure, the pressure is maintained for 1 minute, and there should be no leakage.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle, characterized in that: The bottle body is integrally formed, and consists of an end portion and a middle portion. The end portion can be divided into an upper and lower side, and is sealed by the same or different methods of reverse extrusion, stretching, spinning or welding. The middle portion has a complex structure integrally stretched and formed with the outer wall or other structures inserted.

2. A complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 2, characterized in that: Other structures are as follows: the upper side of the bottle end of structure 1 is welded and sealed, the lower side is spun and sealed, and the inner cavity has an integrally formed circular arc fin distributed in a circle. Or the inner cavity of the bottle body of structure 2 is connected to the fin-tube complex structure, the two sides of the second circular tube of the fin-tube complex structure are respectively connected to the left fin and the right fin, the circumference of the first circular tube is respectively connected to the upper fin, the lower fin, the front fin and the rear fin, the circumference of the third circular tube is respectively connected to the fin one, the fin two, the fin three and the fin four, the rear fin is connected to the inner cavity of the bottle body, and the front fin is respectively connected to the left fin and the fin four, Alternatively, the inner cavity of the bottle body of structure three is connected to fins which are radially distributed in a circumference, and a double-layer spiral tube structure is placed in the inner cavity.

3. A method for processing a complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Mould making, raw material preparation, bottle extrusion, aging treatment, structural adjustment, end sealing, hardness and pressure testing, internal and external surface treatment, valve assembly, air tightness testing.

4. A method for processing a complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 3, characterized in that The following steps are also included: Step 1: Design the internal structure and make the corresponding mold required for processing; Step 2: Raw material preparation and re-inspection of raw materials; Step 3: Cutting; Step 4: extrusion molding; Step 5: Aging treatment; Step 6: Process and adjust the formed structure; Step 7: Connect the required structures to the inner cavity; Step 8: Annealing, spinning, heat treatment, or end cap processing and sealing; Step 9: Conduct hardness test; Step 10: Process the bottle mouth; Step 11: Perform pressure testing; Step 12: pickling and baking; Step 13: External surface treatment; Step 14: Assemble valve parts; Step 15: Air tightness test.

5. The method for processing a complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bottle body is processed by extrusion molding in step 4, and after completion, the wall thickness is tested by an ultrasonic thickness gauge or measuring tool. The acceptance criteria are: (1) the wall thickness at any point on the bottle body is not less than the designed wall thickness; (2) a tensile test is performed, and the sampling position for the tensile test is to cut two specimens symmetrically from the middle of the cylinder longitudinally.

6. The method for processing a complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Step 6 processing adjustment also includes inspection of the inner surface with an endoscope or endoscope light. The acceptance standard is: there are no visible cracks, pits, interlayers, scratches or bumps on the inner surface that affect the strength locally. Grinding can be used to remove surface defects. After the defects are eliminated, the parts have a smooth transition and the wall thickness is not less than the designed wall thickness.

7. The method for processing a complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The structures required for step 7 include: The upper side of the bottle end of structure 1 is welded and sealed, and the lower side is spun and sealed. The inner cavity has an integrally formed circular arc fin distributed in a circle. Or the inner cavity of the bottle body of structure 2 is connected to the fin-tube complex structure, the two sides of the second circular tube of the fin-tube complex structure are respectively connected to the left fin and the right fin, the circumference of the first circular tube is respectively connected to the upper fin, the lower fin, the front fin and the rear fin, the circumference of the third circular tube is respectively connected to the fin one, the fin two, the fin three and the fin four, the rear fin is connected to the inner cavity of the bottle body, and the front fin is respectively connected to the left fin and the fin four, Alternatively, the inner cavity of the bottle body of structure three is connected to fins that are radially distributed in a circumference, and a double-layer spiral tube structure is placed in the inner cavity. It is also possible to use multi-leaf fins, unit stacking, internal spacing, and circulating pipeline heat and mass transfer structures. There is no restriction on the structure used, and different structures have different effects on heat exchange and support.

8. The method for processing a complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Step 8 heat treatment includes: solution treatment, quenching, and post-aging heat treatment steps; fatigue test is carried out after heat treatment, the upper limit of the cycle pressure is not less than the water pressure test pressure of the gas cylinder, and the lower limit of the cycle pressure is not higher than 10% of the water pressure test pressure (maximum not exceeding 3MPa), the test method complies with the provisions of GB / T 9252, and the qualified standard is: the pressure cycle test is performed at least 12,000 times without leakage or explosion of the aluminum cylinder.

9. The method for processing a complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 9 The hardness test method complies with the provisions of GB / T2301 or GB / T2311. The acceptance standard is that the hardness value is within the range specified by the aluminum bottle manufacturing unit.

10. The method for processing a complex structure solid hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step 11: Pressure detection, in which the water pressure test is carried out according to the water pressure test pressure, and the test method complies with the provisions of GB / T9251. The qualified standard is: under the test pressure, the pressure is maintained for at least 30 seconds, the pressure gauge pointer does not drop back, the bottle body does not leak or deform obviously, and the volume residual deformation rate is not more than 5%. Step 13: External surface treatment includes: surface polishing, grinding, and appearance inspection. The qualified standard is: there are no visible cracks, pits, interlayers, scratches or knocks on the outer surface that affect the strength locally. Polishing and grinding methods are used to remove surface defects. After the defects are eliminated, the parts have a smooth transition, and the wall thickness is not less than the designed wall thickness. Step 15: Air tightness test includes: it is carried out after the water pressure test, the test pressure is the nominal working pressure, and the test method complies with the provisions of GB / T12137. The qualified standard is: under the test pressure, the pressure is maintained for 1 minute without leakage.

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