Heat exchange system and process of heat exchanger for hydrofining fuel oil

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat exchanger heat exchange system for hydrofining fuel oil, and relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, the heat exchanger heat exchange system comprises a pipe seat, a flow dividing seat and a flow guiding seat are respectively mounted at two ends of the pipe seat, support plates are symmetrically mounted in the pipe seat, a plurality of outer pipes are uniformly mounted on the side end surfaces of the support plates at equal intervals, and inner pipes are mounted in the outer pipes; according to the heat exchanger, the heat exchange work effectiveness can be guaranteed, meanwhile, the temperature and pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the inner pipe is reduced, the flowing force of reaction oil and raw oil serves as driving force, the unit heat release amount of the reaction oil and the unit heat absorption amount of the raw oil are dynamically adjusted and controlled, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The method improves the timeliness and effectiveness of oil temperature control, enhances the connection stability of the heat exchanger and the front and rear processes, relieves the front and rear thermal load pressure and compression energy consumption, is suitable for the hydrofining process of fuel oil with more quality specifications, and is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a heat exchange system and process of a heat exchanger for hydrogenation refining of fuel oil. Background Art

[0002] In the hydrofining process, the heat exchanger not only has the function of cooling, but also plays a vital role in the smooth progress of the hydrofining reaction and the improvement of product quality through functions such as heat recovery, temperature regulation and equipment protection. A Chinese patent discloses a forced circulation hydrogenation heat exchanger with application number: 202322926006.9. The heat exchanger can relatively easily clean the impurities attached to the outer wall of the U-shaped tube to ensure the subsequent heat exchange effect;

[0003] However, in the current hydrogenation refining process of fuel oil, it is impossible to effectively regulate the outlet temperatures of the reaction oil and the feed oil synchronously. The regulation of the outlet temperature is single and lacks independence, and requires the use of an additional power source. Not only is the heat recovery rate of the reaction oil low, but it also causes insufficient flexibility in the connection between the heat exchange process and the preceding and subsequent processes. It not only increases the thermal load pressure of the hydrogenation refining process, resulting in increased energy consumption, but also restricts the scope of application of the heat exchange work. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a heat exchange system for a heat exchanger for the hydrotreating of fuel oil, which can effectively solve the problem raised in the above-mentioned background technology that in the hydrotreating process of fuel oil, the outlet temperatures of the reaction oil and the feed oil cannot be effectively regulated synchronously, the control work of the outlet temperature is single, the independence is poor, and an additional power source is required, which not only leads to a low heat recovery rate of the reaction oil, but also causes insufficient flexibility in the connection between the heat exchange process and the preceding process and the following process, which not only increases the heat load pressure of the hydrotreating process, resulting in an increase in energy consumption, but also restricts the scope of application of the heat exchange work.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A heat exchange system for a heat exchanger for hydrofining of fuel oil, comprising a tube seat, a flow divider seat and a flow guide seat are respectively installed at both ends of the tube seat, a support plate is symmetrically installed inside the tube seat, a plurality of outer tubes are evenly installed at equal distances on the side end surface of the support plate, an inner tube is installed inside the outer tube, and dynamic convection mechanisms are installed at both ends of the inner tube;

[0006] The dynamic convection mechanism comprises a front guide seat, a front guide seat is installed on the side end face of the diverter seat, a rear guide seat is installed on the side end face of the diverter seat, a drainage cavity is opened at the position of the outer tube at the side end face of the front guide seat and the rear guide seat, a diverter cap is installed at the position inside the drainage cavity inside the front guide seat, a separator ring is installed at the position inside the drainage cavity inside the rear guide seat, a side tube is installed at the edge of the side end face of the front guide seat, a side tube is installed at the edge of the side end face of the rear guide seat, a turbine port is opened at the position of the drainage cavity at the top of the inner side of the front guide seat and the rear guide seat, and a converging cavity is opened at both ends of the turbine port;

[0007] A tail cavity is provided at the bottom inner side of the diverter seat and the guide seat, a number of straight-through pipes are evenly and equidistantly installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the front guide seat, a number of side arc pipes are evenly and equidistantly installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the rear guide seat, a side hole is provided in the middle of the outer curved surface of the diverter cap, through grooves are symmetrically provided at the edge of the side end surface of the diverter cap, a side hole is provided at a position close to one side of the separating ring inside the drainage cavity, and a connecting groove is provided at the other side edge inside the drainage cavity.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, the top of the side end surface of the flow splitter seat and the flow guide seat are both equipped with a feed pipe, the bottom of the side end surface of the flow splitter seat and the flow guide seat are both equipped with a discharge pipe, and the feed pipe is connected to the confluence cavity, the tail cavity is connected to the discharge pipe, and the valve pipe is symmetrically installed on the top of the pipe seat;

[0009] The inner cavity of the diverter cap is connected to the tail cavity inside the front guide seat through a straight-through pipe, and the number of the straight-through pipe and the side arc pipe is half of the number of the inner pipe.

[0010] According to the above technical scheme, turbines are rotatably installed inside the drainage cavity and the turbine mouth, a shaft tube is installed at the end of the turbine, a resistance wheel is installed in the middle of the outer curved surface of the shaft tube, an end hole is opened in the middle of the inclined surface of the resistance wheel, a pipe hole is opened on one side of the outer curved surface of the shaft tube, a circular cavity is opened inside the diverter seat and the guide seat corresponding to the position of the resistance wheel, a conducting cavity is opened inside the diverter seat and the guide seat at the outside of the pipe hole, and an air valve is installed on the top of the outer wall of the conducting cavity.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the diverter cap divides the drainage cavity inside the front guide seat into a front cavity and a rear cavity, the side tube is connected to the front cavity through the side hole, the turbine is matched with the rear cavity, and the rear cavities are connected to each other through the connecting groove, and the outer tube is connected to the rear cavity through the through groove;

[0012] The separation ring divides the drainage cavity inside the rear guide seat into an outer cavity and an inner cavity. The side pipe is connected to the outer cavity through the side hole. The turbine fits with the inner cavity, and the inner cavities are connected to each other through the connecting groove. The tail cavity inside the guide seat is connected to the outer cavity through the side arc tube.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the deflection direction of the turbine blades inside the drainage chamber is opposite to the deflection direction of the turbine blades inside the turbine port, the deflection direction of the turbine blades inside the drainage chamber is the same as the deflection direction of the inclined surface of the resistance wheel, and the turbine is only installed inside the drainage chamber corresponding to the turbine port.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, a sealed pressure storage mechanism is installed inside the tube seat, and the sealed pressure storage mechanism includes a tube;

[0015] A tube is embedded and installed in the middle of the side end surface of the support plate, a center plate is installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the tube, piston plates are symmetrically slidably installed at the positions on both sides of the center plate inside the tube, a half-moon box is installed at one end of the outer tube at the outer position of the center plate, and an inner arc box is installed inside the half-moon box;

[0016] The outer curved surface of the tube is provided with a guide port at one side of the center plate, the inner curved surface of the inner arc box is provided with a material receiving nozzle embedded therein at the other side of the center plate, the outer curved surface of the inner arc box is provided with a plurality of outer arc grooves at equal angles along the circumferential direction, the outer curved surface of the inner tube is provided with a center port at the inner position of the inner arc box, and an arc plate is installed at the bottom edge of the half-moon box;

[0017] A circulating seat is embedded and installed on the edge of the side end surface of the support plate, a pad is installed on the edge of the side end surface of the circulating seat, a sealing airbag cushion is embedded and installed on the side end surface of the pad, an air guide shell is embedded and installed in the middle of the side end surface of the circulating seat, an airbag ring is embedded and installed at the position of the outer tube on the side end surface of the air guide shell, conveying flat tubes are symmetrically installed on both ends of the outer curved surface of the tube, an extension tube is installed on the top of the outer curved surface of the circulating seat, and a valve is installed on the end of the extension tube.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, the thickness of the inner arc box is smaller than the thickness of the inner cavity of the half-moon box, one end of the outer tube is connected to the inner cavity of the half-moon box, and the inner tube is connected to the inner cavity of the inner arc box through the central opening.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, the outer wall of the piston plate fits with the inner wall of the tube, the inner cavity of the half-moon box is connected with the inner cavity on one side of the tube through the guide port, the inner cavity of the inner arc box is connected with the inner cavity on the other side of the tube through the material receiving nozzle, and the width of the guide port and the material receiving nozzle are both smaller than the thickness of the piston plate.

[0020] According to the above technical solution, the inner cavity of the circulating flow seat is connected to the inner cavity of the tube through the conveying flat tube, the inner cavity of the circulating flow seat, the inner cavity of the sealing airbag cushion and the inner cavity of the airbag ring are all connected to each other, and the airbag ring is sleeved on the outside of the outer tube.

[0021] According to the above technical solution, a heat exchange process, according to a heat exchange process of a heat exchanger heat exchange system for hydrogenation refining of fuel oil, comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. Pipeline connection: connect the feed pipe and discharge pipe on the flow diverter seat and the flow guide seat to the corresponding external oil pipelines to form a stable oil pipeline, and connect the two valve pipes to the external cooling medium delivery pipeline respectively;

[0023] S2, oil pressure limitation: inject air into the circulation seat through the valve to ensure the sealing during the heat exchange process, control the initial air pressure of the two piston plates respectively, limit the starting pressure of temporary pressure accumulation, and adjust and compensate the oil pressure;

[0024] S3, convection heat exchange: the reaction oil flowing through the outer tube and the feedstock oil flowing through the inner tube are in a convection state, the high-temperature reaction oil is gradually cooled down, and the low-temperature feedstock oil is gradually heated up, thus reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the inner tube;

[0025] S4, relative flow rate limitation: inject air into the conduction cavity through the air valve to adjust the resistance encountered by the turbine during rotation, adjust the speed of the turbine, control the reverse driving force encountered by the reaction oil and the feed oil during flow, and limit their relative flow rate;

[0026] S5. Inject air into the tube through the valve, make secondary fine adjustments to the air pressure on the piston plates on both sides of the center plate to improve the adaptability of the relative flow rate, and inject cooling medium into the tube seat through the valve pipe to improve the heat exchange balance between the outer tubes and the inner tubes.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention has a scientific and reasonable structure and is safe and convenient to use;

[0028] 1. A dynamic convection mechanism is provided. Through the cooperation of the front guide seat, the rear guide seat, the drainage chamber, the diversion cap, the separation ring, the side pipe, the side pipe, the straight pipe and the side arc pipe, a diversion passage between the reaction oil and the raw material oil can be constructed, giving the reaction oil and the raw material oil a stable flow space, while improving the sealing performance, it can make the flow smoother. In addition, the diversion and guiding function of the confluence chamber, the tail chamber, the side hole, the through groove, the side hole and the connecting groove can, on the one hand, guide the reaction oil and the raw material oil for convection, realize counter heat exchange, and reduce the internal and external temperature and pressure difference of the inner tube while ensuring the sufficiency, effectiveness and reliability of the heat exchange work, and can greatly reduce the load pressure of the outer tube and the inner tube during the heat exchange process, and can effectively reduce the failure loss during the heat exchange process, while increasing the effective service life of the heat exchange device, making the heat exchange work more sustainable and efficient, greatly improving the heat exchange quality and heat exchange effect, and more energy-saving and environmentally friendly;

[0029] On the other hand, it can cooperate with the turbine port, turbine, shaft tube and resistance wheel to form a differential speed adjustment structure, and with the air pressure conduction effect of the end hole, tube hole, circular cavity, conduction cavity and air valve, it can transform the flow force of reaction oil and raw oil into driving force, and can adaptively adjust the relative flow rate of reaction oil and raw oil, and can dynamically adjust the unit heat release of reaction oil and the unit heat absorption of raw oil according to the oil outlet temperature, and can realize accurate adjustment of the outlet temperature of reaction oil and raw oil without external power source, so as to improve the timeliness, synchronization and effectiveness of oil temperature control, strengthen the connection stability between heat exchanger and front and rear processes, and relieve the heat load pressure of front and rear processes, and at the same time, can equivalently improve the effective energy utilization rate in the process of fuel oil hydrotreating, further reduce energy consumption, and effectively improve the controllability of the outlet temperature of reaction oil and raw oil, and more flexibly and efficiently adjust the outlet temperature of reaction oil and raw oil relatively independently, so as to adapt to more quality specifications of fuel oil hydrotreating processes.

[0030] 2. A sealed pressure storage mechanism is provided. Through the cooperation of the tube, piston plate, half-moon box and inner arc box, a temporary pressure storage structure can be constructed. With the separation and diversion function of the center plate, guide port, material receiving nozzle, outer arc groove and center port, on the one hand, the accumulation conversion between oil pressure and air pressure can be realized during the heat exchange process, the preliminary regulation of the oil pressure of the reaction oil and the raw oil can be realized, and the scheduling compensation of the reaction oil and the raw oil pressure can be realized, which greatly reduces the oil pressure loss during the heat exchange process. On the one hand, it can greatly reduce the oil pressure fluctuation, improve the flow stability and smoothness of the reaction oil and the raw oil during the heat exchange process, make the heat exchange process more balanced and stable, ensure that the heat exchange process can be promoted more efficiently and stably, and effectively reduce the oil pressure shock during the heat exchange process, reduce the pipeline pressure during the transportation of the reaction oil and the raw oil, improve the durability of the pipeline, and reduce the failure rate of the pipeline;

[0031] On the other hand, sufficient buffer space can be provided for the relative flow rate adjustment of the reaction oil and the raw oil, thereby improving the balanced effectiveness of the relative flow rate adjustment of the reaction oil and the raw oil, making the control of the oil outlet temperature more stable and efficient, greatly improving the working reliability and stability of the dynamic convection mechanism, and improving the compatibility between the dynamic convection mechanism and the sealing pressure storage mechanism. At the same time, in conjunction with the circulating seat, the gasket, the sealing airbag cushion, the air guide shell, the airbag ring, the conveying flat tube, the extension tube, the valve and the arc plate, an oil pressure sealing structure can be constructed, which can further transform and utilize the oil pressure and heat in the heat exchange process, and convert the oil pressure and heat into thermal pressure driving force, so as to realize dynamic sealing of the pipeline joints, so that the sealing pressure and the pipeline internal pressure rise and fall synchronously, so that the sealing seat and the pipeline internal pressure changes are more compatible and adaptable, and the effectiveness and efficiency of the sealing structure are greatly improved.

[0032] In summary, through the coordination of the dynamic convection mechanism and the sealed pressure storage mechanism, the oil pressure in the heat exchange process and the heat carried by the reaction oil can be converted and utilized in multiple ways, which can greatly reduce energy consumption and improve the effective recovery rate of energy. The oil outlet temperature can be more efficiently, timely and accurately dynamically regulated relatively independently, which can make the oil pressure more stable, the sealing work more compatible and adaptable, and the hydrogenation refining of fuel oil more flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0034] In the attached picture:

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the support plate installation structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamic convection mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the diverter cap of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the separator ring of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the turbine installation structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sealed pressure storage mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the half-moon box of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 is a flow chart of the steps of the heat exchange process of the heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0044] Numbers in the figure: 100, pipe seat; 101, flow divider seat; 102, flow guide seat; 103, feed pipe; 104, discharge pipe; 105, support plate; 106, outer pipe; 107, inner pipe; 108, valve pipe;

[0045] 200, dynamic convection mechanism; 201, front guide seat; 202, rear guide seat; 203, drainage cavity; 204, diverter cap; 205, separation ring; 206, side pipe; 207, side pipe; 208, turbine port; 209, confluence cavity; 210, tail cavity; 211, straight-through pipe; 212, side arc pipe; 213, side hole; 214, through groove; 215, side hole; 216, connecting groove; 217, turbine; 218, shaft tube; 219, resistance wheel; 220, end hole; 221, tube hole; 222, round cavity; 223, conduction cavity; 224, air valve;

[0046] 2041, front cavity; 2042, back cavity; 2051, outer cavity; 2052, inner cavity;

[0047] 300, sealed pressure storage mechanism; 301, tube; 302, center plate; 303, piston plate; 304, half-moon box; 305, inner arc box; 306, flow guide port; 307, material receiving nozzle; 308, outer arc groove; 309, center port; 310, circulation seat; 311, pad; 312, sealed airbag cushion; 313, air guide shell; 314, airbag ring; 315, conveying flat tube; 316, extension tube; 317, valve; 318, arc plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0049] Example: Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, a heat exchange system for a heat exchanger for hydrogenation refining of fuel oil, comprising a tube seat 100, a flow divider seat 101 and a flow guide seat 102 are respectively installed at both ends of the tube seat 100, a feed pipe 103 is installed on the top of the side end surface of the flow divider seat 101 and the flow guide seat 102, a discharge pipe 104 is installed on the bottom of the side end surface of the flow divider seat 101 and the flow guide seat 102, a support plate 105 is symmetrically installed inside the tube seat 100, a plurality of outer tubes 106 are evenly installed at equal distances on the side end surface of the support plate 105, an inner tube 107 is installed inside the outer tube 106, a valve tube 108 is symmetrically installed on the top of the tube seat 100 to improve the convenience of pipeline connection, and dynamic convection mechanisms 200 are installed at both ends of the inner tube 107;

[0050] The dynamic convection mechanism 200 includes a front guide seat 201, a rear guide seat 202, a drainage chamber 203, a diverter cap 204, a separation ring 205, a side pipe 206, a side pipe 207, a turbine port 208, a confluence chamber 209, a tail chamber 210, a straight pipe 211, a side arc pipe 212, a side hole 213, a through groove 214, a side hole 215, a connecting groove 216, a turbine 217, a shaft tube 218, a resistance wheel 219, an end hole 220, a tube hole 221, a circular cavity 222, a conduction cavity 223 and an air valve 224;

[0051] A front guide seat 201 is installed on the side end surface of the flow splitter seat 101, and a rear guide seat 202 is installed on the side end surface of the flow splitter seat 102. A drainage cavity 203 is provided at the side end surface of the front guide seat 201 and the rear guide seat 202 at the position corresponding to the outer tube 106. A splitter cap 204 is installed inside the front guide seat 201 at the position inside the drainage cavity 203, and a separation ring 205 is installed inside the rear guide seat 202 at the position inside the drainage cavity 203. A side tube 206 is installed on the edge of the side end surface of the front guide seat 201, and a side tube 207 is installed on the edge of the side end surface of the rear guide seat 202. A turbine port 208 is provided at the inner top of the front guide seat 201 and the rear guide seat 202 at the position corresponding to the drainage cavity 203, and a converging cavity 209 is provided at both ends of the turbine port 208.

[0052] A tail cavity 210 is provided inside the flow splitter seat 101 and the flow guide seat 102 at the position corresponding to the discharge pipe 104. A plurality of straight-through tubes 211 are evenly and equidistantly installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the front guide seat 201. A plurality of side arc tubes 212 are evenly and equidistantly installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the rear guide seat 202. The inner cavity of the flow splitter cap 204 is connected with the tail cavity 210 inside the front guide seat 201 through the straight-through tube 211. The number of the straight-through tubes 211 and the side arc tubes 212 are half of the number of the inner tubes 107 for convection transport. A side hole 213 is provided in the middle of the outer curved surface of the flow splitter cap 204. A through groove 214 is symmetrically provided at the edge of the side end surface of the flow splitter cap 204. A side hole 215 is provided inside the flow guide cavity 203 at a position close to one side of the separation ring 205.

[0053] A connecting groove 216 is provided on the other side of the drainage chamber 203. The diverter cap 204 divides the drainage chamber 203 inside the front guide seat 201 into a front chamber 2041 and a rear chamber 2042. The side pipe 206 is connected to the front chamber 2041 through the side hole 213. The turbine 217 fits with the rear chamber 2042. The rear chamber 2042 is connected to each other through the connecting groove 216. The outer pipe 106 is connected to the rear chamber 2042 through the through groove 214 so that The flow diversion and guidance are performed. The separation ring 205 divides the drainage chamber 203 inside the rear guide seat 202 into an outer chamber 2051 and an inner chamber 2052. The side pipe 207 is connected to the outer chamber 2051 through the side hole 215. The turbine 217 fits with the inner chamber 2052, and the inner chamber 2052 is connected to each other through the connecting groove 216. The tail chamber 210 inside the guide seat 102 is connected to the outer chamber 2051 through the side arc pipe 212 to improve the flow stability.

[0054] The drainage chamber 203 and the turbine port 208 are both rotatably installed with a turbine 217, a shaft tube 218 is installed at the end of the turbine 217, and a resistance wheel 219 is installed in the middle of the outer curved surface of the shaft tube 218. The deflection direction of the turbine 217 blades in the drainage chamber 203 is opposite to the deflection direction of the turbine 217 blades inside the turbine port 208, and the deflection direction of the turbine 217 blades in the drainage chamber 203 is the same as the deflection direction of the inclined surface of the resistance wheel 219. The turbine 217 is only rotated when it is close to the turbine port 208. 08 is installed inside the corresponding drainage cavity 203 to limit the relative flow velocity, an end hole 220 is opened in the middle of the inclined surface of the resistance wheel 219, a tube hole 221 is opened on one side of the outer curved surface of the shaft tube 218, a circular cavity 222 is opened inside the diverter seat 101 and the guide seat 102 at the position corresponding to the resistance wheel 219, a conducting cavity 223 is opened inside the diverter seat 101 and the guide seat 102 at the outer side of the tube hole 221, and an air valve 224 is installed on the top of the outer wall of the conducting cavity 223.

[0055] A sealed pressure storage mechanism 300 is installed inside the pipe seat 100, and the sealed pressure storage mechanism 300 includes a tube 301, a center plate 302, a piston plate 303, a half-moon box 304, an inner arc box 305, a flow guide port 306, a material receiving nozzle 307, an outer arc groove 308, a center port 309, a circulation seat 310, a pad 311, a sealed airbag cushion 312, an air guide shell 313, an airbag ring 314, a conveying flat tube 315, an extension tube 316 and a valve 317;

[0056] A tube 301 is embedded in the middle of the side end surface of the support plate 105, a center plate 302 is installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the tube 301, piston plates 303 are symmetrically slidably installed at the positions on both sides of the center plate 302 inside the tube 301, a half-moon box 304 is installed at one end of the outer tube 106 at the outer position of the center plate 302, and an inner arc box 305 is installed inside the half-moon box 304;

[0057] The outer curved surface of the tube 301 is provided with a guide port 306 at one side of the center plate 302, and the inner curved surface of the inner arc box 305 is provided with a material receiving nozzle 307 embedded therein at the other side of the center plate 302. The outer wall of the piston plate 303 fits with the inner wall of the tube 301, and the inner cavity of the half-moon box 304 is connected with the inner cavity of one side of the tube 301 through the guide port 306, and the inner cavity of the inner arc box 305 is connected with the inner cavity of the other side of the tube 301 through the material receiving nozzle 307, and the width of the guide port 306 and the material receiving nozzle 307 is 1. The thickness of the inner arc box 305 is smaller than the thickness of the piston plate 303, so as to compensate for the oil pressure independently. The outer curved surface of the inner arc box 305 is provided with a plurality of outer arc grooves 308 at equal angles along the circumferential direction. The outer curved surface of the inner tube 107 is provided with a central opening 309 at the inner position of the inner arc box 305. The thickness of the inner arc box 305 is smaller than the thickness of the inner cavity of the half-moon box 304. One end of the outer tube 106 is connected to the inner cavity of the half-moon box 304, and the inner tube 107 is connected to the inner cavity of the inner arc box 305 through the central opening 309, so as to improve the stability of the oil pressure. An arc plate 318 is installed at the bottom edge of the half-moon box 304;

[0058] A circulation seat 310 is embedded and installed on the edge of the side end surface of the support plate 105, a pad 311 is installed on the edge of the side end surface of the circulation seat 310, a sealing airbag cushion 312 is embedded and installed on the side end surface of the pad 311, an air guide shell 313 is embedded and installed in the middle of the side end surface of the circulation seat 310, an airbag ring 314 is embedded and installed at the position of the side end surface of the air guide shell 313 corresponding to the outer tube 106, and delivery flat tubes 315 are symmetrically installed at both ends of the outer curved surface of the tube 301. The inner cavity of the circulation seat 310 is connected with the inner cavity of the tube 301 through the delivery flat tube 315. The inner cavity of the circulation seat 310, the inner cavity of the sealing airbag cushion 312 and the inner cavity of the airbag ring 314 are all connected to each other. The airbag ring 314 is sleeved on the outside of the outer tube 106 to improve the sealing performance. An extension tube 316 is installed on the top of the outer curved surface of the circulation seat 310, and a valve 317 is installed at the end of the extension tube 316.

[0059] like Fig. 9 As shown, a heat exchange process comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1. Pipeline connection: connect the feed pipe 103 and the discharge pipe 104 on the flow diverter seat 101 and the flow guide seat 102 to the corresponding external oil pipelines to form a stable oil pipeline, and connect the two valve pipes 108 to the external cooling medium delivery pipelines;

[0061] S2, oil pressure limitation: inject air into the circulation seat 310 through the valve 317 to ensure the sealing during the heat exchange process, control the initial air pressure of the two piston plates 303 respectively, limit the starting pressure of the temporary pressure accumulation, and adjust and compensate the oil pressure;

[0062] S3, convection heat exchange: the reaction oil flowing through the outer tube 106 and the feedstock oil flowing through the inner tube 107 are in a convection state, the high-temperature reaction oil is gradually cooled down, and the low-temperature feedstock oil is gradually heated up, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the inner tube 107;

[0063] S4, relative flow rate limitation: air is injected into the conduction chamber 223 through the air valve 224 to adjust the resistance encountered by the turbine 217 during rotation, adjust the rotation speed of the turbine 217, and control the reverse driving force encountered by the reaction oil and the feedstock oil during the flow process, thereby limiting their relative flow rates;

[0064] S5. Inject air into the tube 301 through the valve 317, perform secondary fine-tuning on the air pressure of the piston plates 303 on both sides of the center plate 302 to improve the adaptability of the relative flow rate, and inject cooling medium into the tube seat 100 through the valve tube 108 to improve the heat exchange balance between the outer tubes 106 and the inner tubes 107.

[0065] The working principle and use process of the present invention: when performing hydrogenation refining of fuel oil, firstly, the relevant pipeline connection work should be completed, the feed pipe 103 on the splitter seat 101 is connected to the oil pipeline of the external raw oil, the feed pipe 103 on the guide seat 102 is connected to the oil pipeline of the reaction oil generated by the external hydrogenation reactor, the discharge pipe 104 on the splitter seat 101 is connected to the oil pipeline of the external heating furnace, the discharge pipe 104 on the guide seat 102 is connected to the oil pipeline of the external distillation tower, forming a stable oil transportation passage, and the two valve pipes 108 are respectively connected to the external cooling medium delivery pipeline, and a thermometer can be installed at the pipeline connection to improve the convenience of temperature control;

[0066] Then, the external inflation device is connected to the valve 317, and air is injected into the circulation seat 310 through the valve 317 and the extension tube 316. The airflow will simultaneously enter the inner cavity of the sealed airbag cushion 312 and the airbag ring 314, causing the sealed airbag cushion 312 and the airbag ring 314 to expand under the action of air pressure. In addition, due to the limiting support of the pad 311 and the air guide shell 313, the sealed airbag cushion 312 will squeeze and fill the gap at the connection between the diverter seat 101, the guide seat 102 and the tube seat 100, and the airbag ring 314 will fill the gap at the connection between the outer tube 106 and the inner tube 107 and the drainage cavity 203, thereby ensuring the sealing during the heat exchange process.

[0067] The airflow will then enter the tube 301 through the delivery flat tube 315, forcing the two piston plates 303 to slide toward the center plate 302 under the action of air pressure. During the heat exchange process, the raw oil inside the inner tube 107 will simultaneously enter the inner arc box 305 through the center port 309, and enter the tube 301 under the guidance of the receiving nozzle 307. At the same time, the reaction oil inside the outer tube 106 will flow into the half-moon box 304 and enter the tube 301 through the guide port 306, so that during the heat exchange process, the end faces of the two piston plates 303 close to the center plate 302 are squeezed by the reaction oil and the raw oil respectively.

[0068] During the heat exchange process, as the oil pressure of the reaction oil and the raw oil increases, the pressure on the corresponding piston plate 303 will also increase. When the pressure is sufficient to overcome the air pressure on the other side, the piston plate 303 will move away from the center plate 302 under the action of the oil pressure, squeeze the air on the other side, compress the air, and temporarily store the oil pressure. When the oil pressure of the reaction oil and the raw oil decreases, the piston plate 303 will move closer to the center plate 302 under the action of the air pressure, and the reaction oil and the raw oil will be pressed back to the outer tube 106 and the inner tube 107 respectively after the temporarily stored pressure is released, thereby reducing the oil pressure fluctuation. During the inflation process, the initial air pressure on the two piston plates 303 can be controlled respectively, and the starting pressure of the temporary pressure storage can be limited to achieve preliminary regulation of the oil pressure of the reaction oil and the raw oil during the heat exchange process.

[0069] Then the fuel oil hydrotreating work can be started. The high-temperature reaction oil enters the connected confluence chamber 209 through the feed pipe 103 on the rear guide seat 202, then passes through the corresponding turbine port 208 and enters the confluence chamber 209 on the other side of the turbine port 208, then passes through the side hole 215 through the side pipe 207 to enter the outer chamber 2051 of the upper half, then enters the outer tube 106 of the upper half, and passes through the through groove 214 to enter the rear chamber 2042 of the upper half, then passes through the connecting groove 216 to enter the rear chamber 2042 of the lower half, passes through the through groove 214 of the lower half, enters the outer chamber 2051 of the lower half through the outer tube 106 of the lower half, then flows into the corresponding tail chamber 210 through the side arc pipe 212, and is sent to the oil pipeline of the external distillation tower through the discharge pipe 104 on the rear guide seat 202 for subsequent fractionation processing;

[0070] At the same time, the crude oil enters the connected confluence chamber 209 through the feed pipe 103 on the diverter seat 101, then passes through the corresponding turbine port 208 and enters the confluence chamber 209 on the other side of the turbine port 208, then passes through the side hole 213 through the side pipe 206, and enters the inner pipe 107 of the upper half through the diverter cap 204, then flows into the inner chamber 2052 of the upper half, and enters the inner chamber 2052 of the lower half through the corresponding connecting groove 216, then enters the diverter cap 204 of the lower half through the inner pipe 107 of the lower half, and finally enters the corresponding tail chamber 210 through the straight pipe 211, and is sent to the oil pipeline of the external heating furnace through the discharge pipe 104 on the front guide seat 201, so as to further heat the crude oil;

[0071] In the above process, when the reaction oil passes through the turbine port 208, it will impact the corresponding turbine 217. Driven by the shaft tube 218, the turbine 217 inside the inner cavity 2052 will rotate synchronously. Since the deflection directions of the turbines 217 at the two locations are opposite, the raw material oil flowing through the inner cavity 2052 will be subject to a reverse driving force during the rotation of the turbine 217 inside the inner cavity 2052, resulting in an increase in the resistance encountered during the flow of the raw material oil. Similarly, when the raw material oil passes through the turbine port 208, the turbine 217 inside the rear cavity 2042 will also rotate accordingly, resulting in an increase in the resistance encountered during the flow of the reaction oil.

[0072] During the heat exchange process, air is injected into the conduction cavity 223 through the air valve 224, and the airflow enters the shaft tube 218 through the tube hole 221, and is discharged into the circular cavity 222 through the end hole 220, pressing the resistance wheel 219, giving it a biased extrusion force, adjusting the resistance size encountered by the turbine 217 during the rotation process, and adjusting the speed of the turbine 217 to control the reverse driving force encountered by the reaction oil and the raw material oil during the flow process, respectively, and limit their relative flow rate;

[0073] By increasing the relative flow rate of the reaction oil, the raw oil can absorb more heat per unit time, and by increasing the relative flow rate of the raw oil, the reaction oil can release more heat per unit time. According to the reading of the external thermometer, the relative flow rates of the reaction oil and the raw oil are adjusted, and the outflow temperatures of the reaction oil and the raw oil can be adaptively adjusted to reduce the load pressure of the heating furnace, relieve the heat load of the reboiler at the bottom of the fractionation tower, and improve the processing capacity of the device;

[0074] During the heat exchange process, the reaction oil flowing through the outer tube 106 and the feedstock oil flowing through the inner tube 107 are in a convection state. During the relative flow process, the high-temperature reaction oil gradually cools down and the low-temperature feedstock oil gradually heats up, which can reduce the temperature difference between the inner and outer sides of the inner tube 107 while ensuring the effectiveness of the heat exchange, reduce the pipeline load pressure, and the temporary pressure storage effect of the sealed pressure storage mechanism 300 can effectively reduce the pipeline pressure loss during the heat exchange process.

[0075] During the speed regulation process of the reaction oil and the raw material oil, air is injected into the tube 301 through the valve 317, and the air pressure on the piston plates 303 on both sides of the center plate 302 is secondarily fine-tuned. The flow pressure of the reaction oil and the raw material oil is secondarily regulated to adapt to the relative flow rate of the reaction oil and the raw material oil, which can improve the smoothness and stability of the heat exchange operation. At the same time, the cooling medium is injected into the tube seat 100 through the valve tube 108, which can further improve the heat exchange balance between the outer tubes 106 and the inner tubes 107.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchange system for a heat exchanger for hydrogenation refining of fuel oil, comprising a tube seat (100), characterized in that: A flow divider seat (101) and a flow guide seat (102) are respectively installed at both ends of the tube seat (100); a support plate (105) is symmetrically installed inside the tube seat (100); a plurality of outer tubes (106) are evenly installed at equal distances on the side end surface of the support plate (105); an inner tube (107) is installed inside the outer tube (106); and dynamic convection mechanisms (200) are installed at both ends of the inner tube (107); The dynamic convection mechanism (200) comprises a front guide seat (201), the side end surface of the diverter seat (101) is provided with the front guide seat (201), the side end surface of the diverter seat (102) is provided with a rear guide seat (202), the side end surfaces of the front guide seat (201) and the rear guide seat (202) are provided with a drainage cavity (203) at a position corresponding to the outer tube (106), the interior of the front guide seat (201) is provided with a diverter cap (204) at a position inside the drainage cavity (203), and the A separation ring (205) is installed inside the rear guide seat (202) at a position inside the drainage cavity (203); a side tube (206) is installed on the edge of the side end surface of the front guide seat (201); a side tube (207) is installed on the edge of the side end surface of the rear guide seat (202); turbine ports (208) are provided at the top of the inner sides of the front guide seat (201) and the rear guide seat (202) at positions corresponding to the drainage cavity (203); and converging cavities (209) are provided at both ends of the turbine ports (208); The bottom of the inner side of the flow splitter seat (101) and the flow guide seat (102) are both provided with a tail cavity (210); a plurality of straight-through pipes (211) are evenly and equidistantly installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the front guide seat (201); a plurality of side arc pipes (212) are evenly and equidistantly installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the rear guide seat (202); a side hole (213) is provided in the middle of the outer curved surface of the flow splitter cap (204); through grooves (214) are symmetrically provided at the edge of the side end surface of the flow splitter cap (204); a side hole (215) is provided at a position close to one side of the separation ring (205) inside the flow drainage cavity (203); and a connecting groove (216) is provided at the other side edge inside the flow drainage cavity (203).

2. A heat exchanger system for fuel oil hydrotreating according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed pipe (103) is installed at the top of the side end surface of the flow splitter seat (101) and the flow guide seat (102); a discharge pipe (104) is installed at the bottom of the side end surface of the flow splitter seat (101) and the flow guide seat (102); the feed pipe (103) is connected to the confluence cavity (209), the tail cavity (210) is connected to the discharge pipe (104), and a valve pipe (108) is symmetrically installed on the top of the pipe seat (100); The inner cavity of the flow dividing cap (204) is connected to the tail cavity (210) inside the front guide seat (201) through a straight-through pipe (211), and the number of the straight-through pipe (211) and the side arc pipe (212) is half the number of the inner pipe (107).

3. The heat exchange system for fuel oil hydrotreating according to claim 1, characterized in that: A turbine (217) is rotatably mounted inside the drainage cavity (203) and the turbine port (208); a shaft tube (218) is mounted at the end of the turbine (217); a resistance wheel (219) is mounted in the middle of the outer curved surface of the shaft tube (218); an end hole (220) is provided in the middle of the inclined surface of the resistance wheel (219); a tube hole (221) is provided on one side of the outer curved surface of the shaft tube (218); a circular cavity (222) is provided inside the diverter seat (101) and the guide seat (102) at a position corresponding to the resistance wheel (219); a conducting cavity (223) is provided inside the diverter seat (101) and the guide seat (102) at a position outside the tube hole (221); and a gas valve (224) is installed on the top of the outer wall of the conducting cavity (223).

4. A heat exchanger system for fuel oil hydrotreating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow dividing cap (204) divides the drainage chamber (203) inside the front guide seat (201) into a front chamber (2041) and a rear chamber (2042); the side pipe (206) is connected to the front chamber (2041) through the side hole (213); the turbine (217) is matched with the rear chamber (2042); and the rear chamber (2042) is connected to each other through the connecting groove (216); and the outer pipe (106) is connected to the rear chamber (2042) through the through groove (214); The separation ring (205) separates the drainage chamber (203) inside the rear guide seat (202) into an outer chamber (2051) and an inner chamber (2052); the side tube (207) is connected to the outer chamber (2051) through the side hole (215); the turbine (217) and the inner chamber (2052) are matched, and the inner chamber (2052) are connected to each other through the connecting groove (216); the tail chamber (210) inside the guide seat (102) is connected to the outer chamber (2051) through the side arc tube (212).

5. A heat exchanger system for fuel oil hydrotreating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The deflection direction of the blades of the turbine (217) inside the drainage chamber (203) is opposite to the deflection direction of the blades of the turbine (217) inside the turbine port (208); the deflection direction of the blades of the turbine (217) inside the drainage chamber (203) is the same as the deflection direction of the inclined surface of the resistance wheel (219); and the turbine (217) is only installed inside the drainage chamber (203) corresponding to the turbine port (208).

6. A heat exchanger system for fuel oil hydrotreating according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealed pressure storage mechanism (300) is installed inside the pipe seat (100), and the sealed pressure storage mechanism (300) comprises a pipe tube (301); A tube (301) is embedded and installed in the middle of the side end surface of the support plate (105), a center plate (302) is installed in the middle of the inner cavity of the tube (301), piston plates (303) are symmetrically slidably installed at positions on both sides of the center plate (302) inside the tube (301), a half-moon box (304) is installed at one end of the outer tube (106) at a position outside the center plate (302), and an inner arc box (305) is installed inside the half-moon box (304); The outer curved surface of the tube (301) is provided with a guide port (306) at a position on one side of the center plate (302); the inner curved surface of the inner arc box (305) is provided with a material receiving nozzle (307) embedded at a position on the other side of the center plate (302); the outer curved surface of the inner arc box (305) is provided with a plurality of outer arc grooves (308) at equal angles along the circumferential direction; the outer curved surface of the inner tube (107) is provided with a center port (309) at a position inside the inner arc box (305); and the bottom edge of the half-moon box (304) is provided with an arc plate (318); A circulation seat (310) is embedded and installed on the edge of the side end surface of the support plate (105), a pad (311) is installed on the edge of the side end surface of the circulation seat (310), a sealing airbag cushion (312) is embedded and installed on the side end surface of the pad (311), an air guide shell (313) is embedded and installed in the middle of the side end surface of the circulation seat (310), an airbag ring (314) is embedded and installed at the position of the side end surface of the air guide shell (313) corresponding to the outer tube (106), delivery flat tubes (315) are symmetrically installed at both ends of the outer curved surface of the tube (301), an extension tube (316) is installed on the top of the outer curved surface of the circulation seat (310), and a valve (317) is installed at the end of the extension tube (316).

7. A heat exchanger system for fuel oil hydrotreating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the inner arc box (305) is smaller than the thickness of the inner cavity of the half-moon box (304); one end of the outer tube (106) is in communication with the inner cavity of the half-moon box (304); and the inner tube (107) is in communication with the inner cavity of the inner arc box (305) through the central opening (309).

8. A heat exchanger system for fuel oil hydrotreating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the piston plate (303) fits with the inner wall of the tube (301); the inner cavity of the half-moon box (304) is connected to the inner cavity of one side of the tube (301) through the guide port (306); the inner cavity of the inner arc box (305) is connected to the inner cavity of the other side of the tube (301) through the material receiving nozzle (307); and the widths of the guide port (306) and the material receiving nozzle (307) are both smaller than the thickness of the piston plate (303).

9. A heat exchanger system for fuel oil hydrotreating according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the circulation seat (310) is connected to the inner cavity of the tube (301) through the delivery flat tube (315); the inner cavity of the circulation seat (310), the inner cavity of the sealing airbag cushion (312) and the inner cavity of the airbag ring (314) are all connected to each other; and the airbag ring (314) is sleeved on the outside of the outer tube (106).

10. A heat exchange process, according to claim 6, a heat exchange process of a heat exchanger system for fuel oil hydrotreating, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Pipeline connection: the feed pipe (103) and the discharge pipe (104) on the flow splitter seat (101) and the flow guide seat (102) are respectively connected to the corresponding external oil pipelines to form a stable oil pipeline, and the two valve pipes (108) are respectively connected to the external cooling medium delivery pipeline; S2, oil pressure limitation: injecting air into the circulation seat (310) through the valve (317) to ensure the sealing during the heat exchange process, respectively controlling the initial air pressure received by the two piston plates (303), limiting the starting pressure of the temporary pressure accumulation, and performing scheduling compensation for the oil pressure; S3, convection heat exchange: the reaction oil flowing through the outer tube (106) and the feedstock oil flowing through the inner tube (107) are in a convection state, the high-temperature reaction oil is gradually cooled down, and the low-temperature feedstock oil is gradually heated up, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the inner tube (107); S4, relative flow rate limitation: air is injected into the conduction cavity (223) through the air valve (224), the resistance encountered by the turbine (217) during rotation is adjusted, the rotation speed of the turbine (217) is regulated, the reverse driving force encountered by the reaction oil and the feedstock oil during flow is controlled, and the relative flow rate is limited; S5. Air is injected into the tube (301) through the valve (317), and the air pressure on the piston plates (303) on both sides of the center plate (302) is finely adjusted for a second time to improve the adaptability of the relative flow rate. A cooling medium is injected into the tube seat (100) through the valve tube (108) to improve the heat exchange balance between the outer tubes (106) and the inner tubes (107).

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